A four-axis pneumatic jig for processing a sliding seat

Abstract

The application provides a four-axis pneumatic jig for processing a sliding seat, and relates to the technical field of automobile part processing. The four-axis pneumatic jig comprises a jig seat, a supporting seat and a driving seat, one end of the jig seat is rotationally connected to the supporting seat, the other end is connected to the output end of the driving seat, a pressing cylinder is arranged in the middle of the jig seat, lifting cylinders are arranged on both sides of the jig seat, a pressing plate is detachably connected to the piston rod of the pressing cylinder, a cylinder clamp is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder, the initial state of the pressing cylinder is preset as the piston rod extension state, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is preset as the contraction state, a supporting rod is rotationally connected to the bottom of the cylinder clamp, the supporting rod is rotationally connected to the jig seat, two bases are integrally processed in the middle of the jig seat, the bases are arranged on both sides of the pressing plate, and the shape of the base is matched with the shape of the sliding seat to be processed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive parts processing technology, and in particular to a four-axis pneumatic fixture for processing sliding seats. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, the sliding seat is a core component of precision transmission mechanisms, and its machining accuracy directly affects the motion stability and service life of the equipment.

[0003] For related technologies, please refer to Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN222680720U. This utility model discloses a high-precision four-axis fixture for machining parts, comprising: a base plate, which is fixedly mounted on a three-axis moving device; a fixture seat, one end of which is rotatably mounted on a support base, and the other end connected to the output end of a drive device. The fixture seat includes a base plate, a first clamping cylinder, and a positioning pin. A side positioning block is provided on the base plate. The part is placed on the base plate. The first clamping cylinder is fixedly mounted on the back of the base plate. The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder passes through the base plate and connects to the first clamping block. The positioning pin is fixedly mounted on the base plate. This fixture solves the problem that existing positioning fixtures can only move automotive parts on the X, Y, and Z axes via a three-axis moving device. However, existing four-axis fixtures still have the following shortcomings. When machining the sliding seat, on the one hand, the single-point pressure of the L-shaped second pressure block on the thin-walled guide rail groove area can easily cause slight elastic deformation of the workpiece, affecting the straightness of the guide rail surface; on the other hand, the centrifugal force during rotational machining will cause intermittent friction between the hemispherical top block and the bottom surface of the sliding seat, resulting in scratches on the machined surface. In summary, the four-axis fixture will cause machining defects to the sliding seat due to insufficient adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats, which solves the problem of machining defects caused by insufficient adaptability when machining sliding seats.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats, comprising a fixture base, a support base, and a drive base. One end of the fixture base is rotatably connected to the support base, and the other end is connected to the output end of the drive base. A pressing cylinder is provided in the middle of the fixture base, and lifting cylinders are provided on both sides of the fixture base. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder is detachably connected to a pressure plate, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a cylinder clamp. The initial state of the pressing cylinder is preset to the piston rod extended state, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is preset to the retracted state. A support rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cylinder clamp, and the support rod is rotatably connected to the fixture base. Two bases are integrally machined in the middle of the fixture base, and the bases are respectively disposed on both sides of the pressure plate. The shape of the bases is adapted to the shape of the sliding seat to be machined.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the initial state of the pressing cylinder is with the piston rod extended, and the initial state of the lifting cylinder is with the piston rod retracted. This allows the pressure plate to be in the pre-clamping position when placing the sliding seat, while the cylinder clamp is in the retracted state, avoiding interference with the sliding seat's insertion. The base and sliding seat are shape-fitted, ensuring accurate alignment of the sliding seat during placement and reducing the need for manual adjustment. The support rod is rotatably connected to the cylinder clamp, enhancing clamping stability and preventing displacement of the cylinder clamp during operation. The overall structure, driven by cylinders and linked mechanically, simplifies the operation steps, significantly reducing the time spent adjusting the positioning structure before each batch of processing, thereby improving production efficiency and enhancing the fixture's adaptability to sliding seats of different sizes.

[0007] In one alternative implementation, the fixture base has two grooves perpendicular to the length direction of the fixture base, and the grooves are located on the side of the two bases away from the pressure plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the structure of the chute can guide the sliding seat to move accurately to the base position along the preset direction, reducing the possibility of the sliding seat shifting or misaligning during placement. In addition, the chute allows the sliding seat to enter the processing position quickly and smoothly, shortening the product positioning time, improving the overall processing efficiency, achieving high-precision positioning of the sliding seat, and enhancing the consistency and stability in continuous production.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, the side of the slide closest to the pressure plate is rounded.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the side of the slide near the pressure plate is rounded, reducing the sharp edges at the slide entrance. This allows the sliding seat to smoothly transition during insertion, avoiding jamming or scratches caused by sharp edges. The rounded corner structure reduces the frictional resistance between the sliding seat and the slide, ensuring that the sliding seat can move smoothly to the target position, thus improving the ease of placement.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, a replaceable elastic pad is provided within the groove.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the elastic shim can finely adjust the effective width of the slide groove according to the size and shape of the slide seat, thereby compensating for the size differences between different products, ensuring that the slide seat remains stable during processing, and achieving the effect of enhancing the adaptability of the fixture to slide seats of different sizes.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the surfaces of the cylinder clamp, pressure plate, and sliding seat that contact each other are provided with rubber pads.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the softness of the rubber pad can adapt to the slight unevenness of the sliding seat surface, ensuring uniform distribution of clamping force, reducing product deformation or damage caused by local stress concentration, and achieving the effect of improving product quality.

[0015] In one alternative implementation, four lifting cylinders are provided, and two pressing cylinders are provided. Each lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a cylinder clamp, and each pressing cylinder is detachably connected to a pressure plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the distribution of multiple cylinders ensures that the clamping force is applied evenly around the sliding seat, reducing tilting or loosening problems caused by single-point clamping. The lifting cylinder drives the cylinder clamp to clamp from both sides, and the pressing cylinder controls the pressure plate to press down from above. This clamping method enhances the overall fixing effect and achieves the effect of enhancing clamping stability.

[0017] In one alternative implementation, the lifting cylinder and the pressing cylinder are parallel cylinders.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the parallel connection ensures that the cylinders respond simultaneously during clamping and releasing, reducing the problem of uneven clamping force or product displacement caused by differences in action timing, and achieving the effect of improving the stability of the clamping process.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, the pressure plates are provided in multiple sets, and the pressure plates in different sets have different sizes.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, operators can select and replace the matching pressure plate according to the size of the product being processed, without adjusting the main structure of the fixture, thereby significantly shortening the batch changeover time and achieving the effect of enhancing the versatility of the fixture.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting the initial state of the pressing cylinder and the lifting cylinder, the pressure plate is pre-positioned in the clamping position, the cylinder clamp retracts to avoid interference, and the sliding seat slides in quickly; the base is adapted to the shape of the product, and combined with the sliding groove guide structure, it achieves precise positioning and reduces manual adjustment; the support rod and the cylinder clamp are rotatably connected to enhance clamping stability. The overall structure is driven by cylinders and linked by mechanical linkage, which significantly shortens the adjustment time and improves production efficiency and adaptability to products of different sizes; 2. The rounded corners at the chute inlet ensure smoother product entry, preventing jamming and scratches; elastic shims allow for fine-tuning of the chute width to accommodate different sized sliding seats. Rubber pads are placed on the contact surfaces between the cylinder clamp and the pressure plate to distribute clamping force evenly and prevent product damage. The multi-cylinder parallel design ensures synchronized action and stable clamping; the replaceable pressure plate meets various specification requirements, enhancing fixture versatility and effectively improving processing quality and ease of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a four-axis pneumatic fixture used for machining sliding seats.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture base.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Pressure plate; 2. Cylinder clamp; 3. Support rod; 4. Lifting cylinder; 5. Pressing cylinder; 6. Base; 7. Slide groove; 8. Fixture seat. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to all the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. It should be understood that when component A is fixedly connected to component C via component B, changes in the relative positional relationship due to deformation of components A, B, and C are permissible. The integrated structure obtained by the two components through a one-piece molding process means that during the formation of one of the two components, that component is connected to the other component, without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit ​​connections, or screw connections) to connect the two components.

[0027] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper", "lower", "side", etc., are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0028] The term "multiple" refers to at least two. The term "more than" includes the stated number. The term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0029] This application discloses a four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats includes a fixture base 8, a support base, and a drive base.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 The fixture base 8 is made of high-strength metal material. One end is connected to the support base through a rotating connector, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive base.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A pressing cylinder 5 is installed in the middle of the fixture base 8, and lifting cylinders 4 are installed on both sides. All the cylinders are located below the fixture base 8. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder 5 is connected to the pressure plate 1 through a detachable connector, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the cylinder clamp 2. Both the pressing cylinder 5 and the lifting cylinder 4 are existing designs and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The initial state of the downward pressing cylinder 5 is set to have the piston rod extended, and the initial state of the lifting cylinder 4 is set to have the piston rod retracted. The cylinder clamp 2 is rotatably connected to the fixture seat 8 via the support rod 3. Two bases 6 with shapes adapted to the sliding seat are integrally machined in the middle of the fixture seat 8, located on both sides of the pressure plate 1 respectively.

[0034] Rubber pads are provided on the surfaces of the cylinder clamp 2 and pressure plate 1 that contact the sliding seat. The softness of the rubber pads can adapt to minor unevenness on the product surface, ensuring uniform distribution of clamping force while providing a reliable anti-slip effect. There are four lifting cylinders 4 and two pressing cylinders 5, which enhance clamping stability by applying force evenly at multiple points. All cylinders are connected in parallel to ensure synchronous operation and reduce uneven clamping force caused by timing differences.

[0035] Two grooves 7, perpendicular to the length of the fixture base 8, are provided on the side of the base 6 away from the pressure plate 1. The entrance of the groove 7 is rounded to reduce sharp edges and allow the sliding seat to slide in smoothly. Replaceable elastic pads are provided inside the grooves 7, which adaptively adjust the effective width of the groove through elastic deformation to compensate for the size differences of different products.

[0036] To accommodate sliding seats of different sizes, the fixture base 8 is also equipped with multiple sets of pressure plates 1 of different sizes. Operators can quickly change the corresponding pressure plate 1 according to the product size without adjusting the main structure of the fixture, significantly shortening the batch changeover time.

[0037] The implementation principle of a four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining a sliding seat according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: The sliding seat slides into the base 6 area along a preset direction. Since the pressing cylinder 5 is initially in the extended state, the pressure plate 1 is pre-positioned for clamping; the lifting cylinder 4 is initially in the retracted state, and the cylinder clamp 2 is in the retracted position, so it will not interfere with the sliding of the sliding seat. The shape of the base 6 precisely matches the sliding seat, ensuring accurate positioning. After the sliding seat is in place, the cylinders are activated. The pressing cylinder 5 drives the pressure plate 1 to press down, and the lifting cylinder 4 pushes the cylinder clamp 2 to rotate and clamp, maintaining stable clamping, thereby firmly fixing the sliding seat.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0039] It should be noted that all the above-mentioned figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application. The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats, comprising a fixture base (8), a support base, and a drive base, wherein one end of the fixture base (8) is rotatably connected to the support base, and the other end is connected to the output end of the drive base, characterized in that: A pressing cylinder (5) is provided in the middle of the fixture seat (8), and lifting cylinders (4) are provided on both sides of the fixture seat (8). The piston rod of the pressing cylinder (5) is detachably connected to the pressure plate (1), and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the cylinder clamp (2). The initial state of the pressing cylinder (5) is preset to the piston rod extended state, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (4) is preset to the retracted state. The bottom of the cylinder clamp (2) is rotatably connected to the support rod (3), and the support rod (3) is rotatably connected to the fixture seat (8). Two bases (6) are integrally machined in the middle of the fixture seat (8). The bases (6) are respectively located on both sides of the pressure plate (1), and the shape of the bases (6) is adapted to the shape of the sliding seat to be processed.

2. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture base (8) has two grooves (7) perpendicular to the length of the fixture base (8), and the grooves (7) are located on the side of the two bases (6) away from the pressure plate (1).

3. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the slide (7) near the pressure plate (1) is rounded.

4. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The groove (7) is provided with a replaceable elastic pad.

5. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Rubber pads are provided on the surfaces of the cylinder clamp (2), pressure plate (1) and sliding seat that are in contact with each other.

6. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: There are four lifting cylinders (4) and two pressing cylinders (5). Each lifting cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to a cylinder clamp (2), and each pressing cylinder (5) is detachably connected to a pressure plate (1).

7. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting cylinder (4) and the pressing cylinder (5) are parallel cylinders.

8. A four-axis pneumatic fixture for machining sliding seats as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (1) is provided in multiple sets, and the pressure plate (1) of different sets has different sizes.

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