Mechanical part positioning and clamping device for numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of mechanical parts positioning clamping devices for numerical control machine tool, it is characterized by: including upper clamp and lower clamp being set to each other up and down;Upper clamp and lower clamp are all including mounting plate, bottom plate and clamping seat;Mounting plate is used to be fixedly connected with two jaw chuck, bottom plate is installed on mounting plate, bottom plate is vertically fixedly connected with clamping seat, after two jaw chuck aggregation, two clamping seats form clamping to the middle part of workpiece;Limiting plate is vertically fixed on the bottom plate of lower clamp, limiting plate is located at the right side of the lug of workpiece;Push plate is slidably arranged on the bottom plate of lower clamp left and right, push plate is located at the left side of the lug of workpiece, and lug is pushed and limited between push plate and limiting plate by pushing mechanism.Can effectively solve the problem that cylindrical workpiece with ear plate at clamping end is difficult to be directly clamped using existing chuck, guarantee the coaxiality and stability of cylinder as processing reference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool fixture technology, specifically to a positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of CNC machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of CNC machining, a common type of part consists of a cylindrical body and end lugs (or flanges), especially flange-type parts (such as flange bushings, flange end covers, flange connecting seats, flange bearing seats, etc.). These parts are commonly used in shaft transmission components, housing connectors, or support seats. Figure 1 The flange connection seat shown has a cylindrical part as the positioning and mating area, a stepped frustum structure at its front end, and an ear plate part for fixed connection with other components. Such workpieces are usually cast in one piece, and after forming, the cylindrical end needs to be machined by turning the outer circle or inner hole.

[0003] However, because the above-mentioned parts have lugs at the clamping end, conventional three-jaw or four-jaw chucks are not only prone to interference with the lugs during clamping, making it impossible to get close to the cylindrical end for positioning and clamping, but even if the lugs are forcibly used as the clamping part, they will deform due to insufficient rigidity, making it difficult to guarantee the coaxiality and machining accuracy of the workpiece. Therefore, such parts are difficult to be reliably clamped directly by conventional chucks.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to study a positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of CNC machine tools. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of CNC machine tools, which can effectively solve the problem that cylindrical workpieces with ear plates at the clamping end are difficult to clamp directly using existing chucks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A mechanical parts positioning and clamping device for CNC machine tools includes an upper clamp and a lower clamp arranged vertically opposite to each other; Both the upper clamp and the lower clamp include a mounting plate, a base plate, and a clamping seat; The mounting plate is used to be fixedly connected to the two-jaw chuck. The base plate is mounted on the mounting plate, and the base plate is vertically fixedly connected to the clamping seat. After the two-jaw chuck is brought together, the two clamping seats clamp the middle of the workpiece. A limiting plate is vertically fixed on the base plate of the lower fixture, and the limiting plate is located on the right side of the ear plate of the workpiece; The lower clamp has a push plate that slides left and right on its base plate. The push plate is located to the left of the ear plate of the workpiece, and the ear plate is pushed and limited between the push plate and the limiting plate by the pushing mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a fixed base, a rotating screw sleeve, and a lead screw; The fixing seat is fixed to the base plate and located on the left side of the push plate; The rotating screw sleeve is rotatably mounted on the fixed base, and the rotating screw sleeve is provided with a knob part, which is located outside the fixed base; The lead screw is threadedly connected to the rotating sleeve, and the lead screw passes horizontally through the rotating sleeve. The right end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the push plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a slide rail is horizontally arranged on the base plate, and two sets of slide rails are spaced apart along the front-to-back direction; The bottom of the push plate is provided with a slide groove that matches the slide rail, and it is slidably mounted on the slide rail through the slide groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a top support block is fixed to the right end face of the top of the push plate. When the push plate abuts against the ear plate, the top support block fits against the upper surface of the ear plate and forms an upper and lower clamping of the workpiece with the upper surface of the limiting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower surface of the top support block is a wedge-shaped surface, and the surfaces of the clamping seat and the limiting plate away from the bottom plate are both arc-shaped surfaces that adapt to the outer contour of the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, limit blocks are vertically fixed on both the front and rear sides of the bottom plate of the lower fixture to limit the front and rear sides of the ear plate of the workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, a fastening screw is threaded through one of the limiting plates to fasten the front and rear sides of the ear plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: In this invention, during clamping, the workpiece is first placed on the clamping seat and limiting plate of the lower fixture to achieve initial positioning. Subsequently, the push plate on the lower fixture slides along the base plate under the action of the pushing mechanism, stably pressing the ear plate of the workpiece between the push plate and the limiting plate, thus forming a reliable end-limiting and anti-movement constraint for the ear plate. Finally, the two-jaw chuck converges, driving the upper and lower fixtures to close, so that the upper and lower clamping seats simultaneously act on the central cylinder of the workpiece, achieving primary positioning and primary clamping. This effectively solves the problem that cylindrical workpieces with ear plates at the clamping end are difficult to clamp directly using existing chucks, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the cylinder as a machining reference. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the push plate and the limiting plate suppresses the movement and swaying of the workpiece during machining, achieving stable and reliable clamping of cylindrical workpieces with ear plates at the ends, improving machining accuracy and the applicability of the fixture. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the workpiece to be processed; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The front view; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower fixture; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 7 This is a side sectional view of the jacking mechanism.

[0015] Reference numerals: 1. Workpiece; 2. Upper clamp; 3. Lower clamp; 4. Mounting plate; 5. Base plate; 6. Clamping seat; 7. Limiting plate; 8. Push plate; 9. Pushing mechanism; 10. Slide rail; 11. Top support block; 12. Limiting block; 13. Fastening screw; 101. Cylindrical body; 102. Ear plate; 103. Machining part; 801. Slide groove; 901. Fixed seat; 902. Rotating screw sleeve; 903. Lead screw; 904 is the knob part. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: This embodiment aims to provide a mechanical part positioning and clamping device for CNC machine tools, which is mainly used for CNC turning of cylindrical workpieces with lugs at the clamping end, addressing the problem that cylindrical workpieces with lugs at the clamping end are difficult to clamp directly using existing chucks.

[0017] This embodiment is for Figure 1 The workpiece 1 shown is a blank for a flange connector, integrally cast. Its cylindrical body 101 is a stepped frustum structure with a slope that expands to the left. Its front end is a stepped frustum structure, and its right end is used as a positioning and mating area, requiring CNC turning of its outer and inner circles. Its ear plate 102 is used for fixed connection with other components and also has a slope that expands to the left. Now, the left end of workpiece 1 needs to be used as a clamping end, and its right end machining part 103 needs to be CNC turned.

[0018] A positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts in CNC machine tools, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes an upper clamp 2 and a lower clamp 3 arranged facing each other; both the upper clamp 2 and the lower clamp 3 include a mounting plate 4, a base plate 5, and a clamping seat 6; This embodiment is used in conjunction with a two-jaw chuck on a CNC lathe. The upper clamp 2 and lower clamp 3 open and close with the opening and closing of the two-jaw chuck. The mounting plate 4 is L-shaped and is used for fixed connection with the two-jaw chuck. The base plate 5 is mounted on the mounting plate 4 with hex socket screws. The base plate 5 is vertically welded and fixedly connected to the clamping seats 6. After the two-jaw chuck is closed, the two clamping seats 6 form the main clamping function for the middle of the workpiece 1.

[0019] A limiting plate 7 is vertically fixed on the base plate 5 of the lower clamp 3. The limiting plate 7 is located on the right side of the ear plate 102 of the workpiece 1. In this embodiment, the upper clamp 2 is also fixed with a corresponding limiting plate 7. After the two jaw chucks converge, they can play an auxiliary clamping role in the vertical direction. In other embodiments, the upper clamp 2 may not be provided with a limiting plate 7 to reduce the deformation of the left end of the workpiece 1 caused by clamping.

[0020] The surfaces of the clamping seat 6 and the limiting plate 7 away from the base plate 5 are both arc-shaped surfaces that adapt to the outer contour of the workpiece 1. Since the outer contour of the part of the workpiece 1 being clamped has a slope, the contact surfaces of the clamping seat 6 and the limiting plate 7 with the workpiece 1 also have an appropriate slope to facilitate positioning and clamping.

[0021] like Figure 3-6 A push plate 8 is slidably mounted on the base plate 5 of the lower fixture 3. Specifically, a slide rail 10 is horizontally mounted on the base plate 5, with two sets of slide rails spaced apart along the front-back direction. The bottom of the push plate 8 is provided with a slide groove 801 that matches the slide rail 10, and the push plate 8 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 10 through the slide groove 801. The push plate 8 is located to the left of the ear plate 102 of the workpiece 1, and the push mechanism 9 pushes and limits the ear plate 102 between the push plate 8 and the limiting plate 7 to limit and clamp the ear plate 102, thereby restricting the degree of freedom of the workpiece 1 in the left-right direction, thus forming a reliable end limit and anti-slip constraint for the ear plate 102.

[0022] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 The jacking mechanism 9 employs a rotating screw sleeve mechanism, including a fixed base 901, a rotating screw sleeve 902, and a lead screw 903. The fixed base 901 is fixed to the base plate 5 and located on the left side of the push plate 8. The rotating screw sleeve 902 is rotatably mounted inside the fixed base 901 via bearings. A knob 904 is provided on the rotating screw sleeve 902, located outside the fixed base 901 for easy operation by a worker using tools. The lead screw 903 is threadedly connected to the rotating screw sleeve 902, passing horizontally through it. The right end of the lead screw 903 is fixedly connected to the push plate 8. When the worker rotates the knob 904, the rotating screw sleeve 902 rotates, while the lead screw 903 remains stationary, thus causing the lead screw 903 to move horizontally, thereby moving the push plate 8 left and right.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 6A top support block 11 is fixed to the right end face of the top of the push plate 8 with screws. When the push plate 8 abuts against the ear plate 102, the top support block 11 is in contact with the upper surface of the ear plate 102. Since the upper surface of the ear plate 102 is a curved surface with a slope, the lower surface of the top support block 11 is a wedge-shaped surface that matches it. When the push plate 8 moves to the right, the lower surface of the top support block 11 will gradually move to be in contact with the upper surface of the ear plate 102, so that the top support block 11 and the limiting plate 7 form an upper and lower clamping of the workpiece 1.

[0024] Furthermore, limit blocks 12 are vertically fixed on both the front and rear sides of the base plate 5 to limit the front and rear sides of the ear plate 102 of the workpiece 1, thereby further restricting the degree of freedom of the workpiece 1 in axial rotation. Figure 5 Since the distance between the limiting block 12 and the workpiece 1 is just enough to form a limit, the workpiece 1 should not be placed. Therefore, the front limiting block 12 is threaded with a fastening screw 13, which directly contacts the front of the ear plate 102, allowing the front limiting block 12 to maintain a gap with the workpiece 1 for easy placement. The rear limiting block 12 plays a positioning and limiting role and needs to be designed to directly fit with the workpiece 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, during clamping, the workpiece 1 is first placed on the clamping seat 6 and the limiting plate 7 of the lower clamp 3 to achieve initial positioning of the workpiece 1. Subsequently, the push plate 8 on the lower clamp 3 slides along the base plate 5 under the action of the pushing mechanism 9, stably pressing the ear plate 102 of the workpiece 1 between the push plate 8 and the limiting plate 7, thereby forming a reliable end limit and anti-crossing constraint for the ear plate 102. At the same time, with the cooperation of the limiting block 12 and the fastening screw 13, the two sides of the workpiece 1 are limited and clamped. Finally, the two-jaw chuck converges and drives the upper and lower clamps 3 to close, so that the upper and lower clamping seats 6 act simultaneously on the central cylinder of the workpiece 1 to achieve main positioning and main clamping.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts in CNC machine tools, characterized in that: This includes an upper clamp and a lower clamp that are positioned facing each other. Both the upper clamp and the lower clamp include a mounting plate, a base plate, and a clamping seat; The mounting plate is used to be fixedly connected to the two-jaw chuck. The base plate is mounted on the mounting plate, and the base plate is vertically fixedly connected to the clamping seat. After the two-jaw chuck is brought together, the two clamping seats clamp the middle of the workpiece. A limiting plate is vertically fixed on the base plate of the lower fixture, and the limiting plate is located on the right side of the ear plate of the workpiece; The lower clamp has a push plate that slides left and right on its base plate. The push plate is located to the left of the ear plate of the workpiece, and the ear plate is pushed by a pushing mechanism to limit the ear plate between the push plate and the limiting plate.

2. The positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jacking mechanism includes a fixed base, a rotating screw sleeve, and a lead screw; The fixing seat is fixed to the base plate and located on the left side of the push plate; The rotating screw sleeve is rotatably mounted on the fixed base, and the rotating screw sleeve is provided with a knob part, which is located outside the fixed base; The lead screw is threadedly connected to the rotating sleeve, and the lead screw passes horizontally through the rotating sleeve. The right end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the push plate.

3. The positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is horizontally provided with slide rails, and two sets of slide rails are spaced apart along the front-to-back direction; The bottom of the push plate is provided with a slide groove that matches the slide rail, and it is slidably mounted on the slide rail through the slide groove.

4. A positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of a CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A top support block is fixed to the right end face of the top of the push plate. When the push plate abuts against the ear plate, the top support block fits against the upper surface of the ear plate and forms an upper and lower clamping of the workpiece with the upper surface of the limiting plate.

5. A positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts in a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the top support block is a wedge-shaped surface, and the surfaces of the clamping seat and the limiting plate away from the bottom plate are arc-shaped surfaces that adapt to the outer contour of the workpiece.

6. A positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts of a CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Limiting blocks are vertically fixed on both the front and rear sides of the bottom plate of the lower fixture to limit the front and rear sides of the ear plate of the workpiece.

7. A positioning and clamping device for mechanical parts in a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: One of the limiting plates is threaded with a fastening screw to fasten the front and rear sides of the ear plate.

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