A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of CNC machine tool feeding mechanisms with grating ruler, including slide rail, grating ruler shell and read head, the side wall of slide rail is equipped with grating ruler shell, the top of grating ruler shell is provided with read head, the both sides of read head are provided with connecting assembly, the outside of connecting assembly is provided with dust strip, the both sides of dust strip are provided with limit strip, the both sides of grating ruler shell are symmetrically provided with groove plate.This technology is by setting dust strip synchronous motion with read head, and cooperate the automatic telescopic drive structure of auxiliary assembly, so that dust strip can be covered with the installation window and both sides strip-shaped through hole of grating ruler shell top with the movement of read head, form full stroke dynamic dustproof protection, compared with traditional fixed or semi-fixed dustproof structure, can effectively block the iron filings, dust, cutting fluid and other impurities generated in processing process into grating ruler shell inside, avoid impurities to adhere to grating ruler ruling surface or read head detection end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology with grating ruler, specifically to a CNC machine tool feed mechanism with grating ruler. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of precision machining, the feed mechanism of CNC machine tools is one of the core components that determines machining accuracy. As a high-precision position detection element, the grating ruler is widely integrated into the feed mechanism. By collecting the position signals of moving parts in real time, it provides accurate position feedback to the machine tool control system, ensuring the positioning accuracy and motion stability of the machining process.

[0003] In existing CNC machine tool feed mechanisms with grating rulers, the grating ruler is usually encapsulated inside a grating ruler housing for basic protection. At the same time, since the reading head that works with the grating ruler needs to move synchronously with the moving end of the feed mechanism, a path for the reading head to travel must be reserved at the top of the grating ruler housing. This path usually exists in the form of a groove or a strip-shaped opening, and a gap is also formed at the assembly point between the reading head and the grating ruler housing. However, during the machining process, CNC machine tools generate a large amount of impurities such as iron filings, metal dust, and cutting fluid droplets. These impurities can easily enter the interior of the grating ruler housing through the grooves and assembly gaps of the reserved travel path.

[0004] When impurities enter the interior of the grating ruler, they can easily adhere to the engraving surface, causing the engraving lines to become blurred or worn, thus compromising the position encoding accuracy of the grating ruler. This can lead to deviations in the position signals acquired by the read head, resulting in positioning errors in the feeding mechanism and ultimately affecting the machining accuracy of the workpiece. On the other hand, impurities may also adhere to the detection end of the read head, causing a decrease in the read head's detection sensitivity and even mechanical jamming between the read head and the grating ruler, accelerating component wear and shortening the service life of the grating ruler and the read head. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler, comprising a slide rail, a grating ruler housing, and a reading head. The grating ruler housing is mounted on the side wall of the slide rail, and the reading head is provided at the top of the grating ruler housing. Connecting components are provided on both sides of the reading head, and dustproof strips are provided on the outer side of the connecting components. Limiting strips are provided on both sides of the dustproof strips. Grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grating ruler housing. Slots are opened inside the grooves, and connecting blocks are inserted into the slots. Fixing bolts are inserted into the connecting blocks. Support blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting blocks. Guide wheels are mounted on the top of the support blocks, and auxiliary components are provided on the side wall of the support blocks.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting groove is formed on the inner wall of the top of the grating ruler housing for sliding of the limiting strip.

[0008] Preferably, the dustproof strip is made of soft dustproof cloth, and the limiting strip is made of hard rubber.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a clamp plate, which is fixed to both sides of the reading head. A connector is inserted into the inside of the clamp plate, and the outer wall of the connector is connected to a dustproof strip. A fixing member is threaded to the top of the clamp plate.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary component includes a housing, which is fixed to the outer wall of the support block, and a rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the housing.

[0011] Preferably, a spring is provided at the connection between the rotating rod and the outer casing for extending and retracting the dustproof strip.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the outer casing has a strip-shaped through hole, the dustproof strip extends through the outer casing of the grating ruler through the strip-shaped through hole to the inside of the outer casing and connects with the rotating rod, and the dustproof strip is partially wrapped around the outer wall of the rotating rod.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: Achieving dynamic dust prevention and ensuring the accuracy and service life of the grating ruler: This technology uses a dustproof strip that moves synchronously with the read head, along with an automatic telescopic drive structure of auxiliary components. This ensures that the dustproof strip always covers the mounting window at the top of the grating ruler housing and the strip-shaped through holes on both sides as the read head moves, forming a full-stroke dynamic dustproof protection. Compared to traditional fixed or semi-fixed dustproof structures, this effectively prevents impurities such as iron filings, dust, and cutting fluid generated during processing from entering the inside of the grating ruler housing. It also prevents impurities from adhering to the grating ruler's engraving surface or the read head's detection end, fundamentally solving the problem of decreased detection accuracy and component wear caused by impurities. This improves the stability and service life of the grating ruler detection system, thereby ensuring the precise positioning performance of the CNC machine tool's feed mechanism.

[0014] The dustproof strip features low resistance and high stability, reducing energy consumption and wear: By installing a guide wheel at the top of the support block, the dustproof strip is embedded in the annular groove of the guide wheel. Rolling friction replaces traditional sliding friction, significantly reducing resistance during the extension and retraction of the dustproof strip, thus decreasing energy consumption and reducing wear between the dustproof strip and the guide components, extending the service life of the dustproof strip. Furthermore, the coordinated design of the limiting strip and the groove plate provides dual guidance and limiting for the movement of the dustproof strip, effectively preventing deviation or jamming during movement and ensuring the continuity and reliability of dust protection.

[0015] The automatic telescopic energy storage design ensures that the dustproof strip is always taut and provides seamless protection: The auxiliary component achieves automatic telescopic extension and energy storage of the dustproof strip through the cooperation of the rotating rod and the spring. When the reading head causes the dustproof strip to stretch, the rotating rod rotates to cause the spring to contract and store energy. When the reading head moves in the opposite direction, the spring releases energy to drive the rotating rod to rotate, wrapping the excess dustproof strip around the outer wall of the rotating rod, keeping the dustproof strip taut at all times. This design effectively prevents gaps from forming due to slack during the movement of the dustproof strip, ensuring no blind spots in dust protection, while requiring no additional power drive and having a compact structure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Detailed view of the connection structure of the outer shell of the grating ruler; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Detailed view of the connection structure from a top-down cross-section; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged detail diagram of the connection structure of the auxiliary component; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Detailed view of the connection structure in the right-side cross-section.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Slide rail, 2. Grating ruler housing, 3. Reading head, 4. Clamping plate, 5. Connector, 6. Fixing component, 7. Dustproof strip, 8. Limiting strip, 9. Slot plate, 10. Connecting block, 11. Fixing bolt, 12. Support block, 13. Guide wheel, 14. Housing, 15. Rotating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution for a CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler: A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler includes a slide rail 1, a grating ruler housing 2, and a reading head 3. The grating ruler housing 2 is installed on the side wall of the slide rail 1. The slide rail 1 serves as the bearing foundation and motion guide reference for the entire feed mechanism. The reading head 3 is set at the top of the grating ruler housing 2. The reading head 3 is the signal acquisition core of the grating ruler detection system. The top of the reading head 3 is connected to the feed mechanism. Connecting components are set on both sides of the reading head 3. Dustproof strips 7 are set on the outer side of the connecting components. The dustproof strips 7 are core dustproof protection components. By covering the mounting window at the top of the grating ruler housing 2 and the strip-shaped through holes on both sides, they prevent impurities such as iron filings, dust, and cutting fluid generated during the machining process from entering the interior of the grating ruler housing, thus avoiding impurities adhering to the grating ruler's engraving surface or the reading head's detection end, which would lead to a decrease in detection accuracy and component wear. Limiting strips 8 are provided on both sides of the dustproof strip 7. The limiting strips 8 guide and limit the movement of the dustproof strip 7. The grating ruler housing 2 is symmetrically provided with groove plates 9 on both sides. The groove plates 9 guide and limit the movement of the dustproof strip 7. The groove plates 9 have slots inside, and connecting blocks 10 are inserted into the slots. The connecting blocks 10 serve as the connecting intermediate between the support block 12 and the groove plates 9. The support block 12 is accurately positioned by the cooperation of the boss and the slot. The two are firmly connected by the locking of the fixing bolts 11. The fixing bolts 11 are inserted into the connecting blocks 10. The fixing bolts 11 firmly lock the connecting blocks 10 and the groove plates 9 to achieve the fixed installation of the support block 12. A support block 12 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting plug 10. The support block 12 provides a mounting support carrier for the guide wheel 13 and auxiliary components. The guide wheel 13 is installed on the top of the support block 12. The guide wheel 13 guides and reduces the resistance of the telescopic movement of the dustproof strip 7. The dustproof strip 7 is embedded in the annular groove of the guide wheel 13. The rolling of the guide wheel replaces the sliding friction between the dustproof strip and other components, which greatly reduces the resistance during the movement of the dustproof strip. The side wall of the support block 12 is provided with auxiliary components. The inner wall of the top of the grating ruler housing 2 is provided with a limit groove for the sliding of the limit strip 8. The dustproof strip 7 is made of soft dustproof cloth material, and the limit strip 8 is made of hard rubber material.

[0020] The connecting assembly includes a clamping plate 4, which is fixed to both sides of the reading head 3. The clamping plate 4 serves as a connecting bridge between the reading head 3 and the dustproof strip 7. A connector 5 is inserted into the inside of the clamping plate 4, and the outer wall of the connector 5 is connected to the dustproof strip 7. The connector 5 enables a flexible connection between the dustproof strip 7 and the clamping plate 4. A metal insert ensures the firmness of the connection with the clamping plate 4. A fixing member 6 is threaded to the top of the clamping plate 4. The fixing member 6 firmly locks the connector 5 into the insertion hole of the clamping plate 4, preventing the connector 5 from coming out under the pulling force of the dustproof strip 7.

[0021] The auxiliary components include a housing 14, which is fixed to the outer wall of the support block 12. A rotating rod 15 is rotatably connected inside the housing 14. The rotating rod 15 is a core telescopic drive component that automatically extends and retracts the dustproof strip 7 by cooperating with a spring. When the reading head 3 pulls the dustproof strip 7 outward, the dustproof strip 7 pulls the rotating rod 15 to rotate. The rotating rod 15 drives the spring to retract and store energy. A spring is provided at the connection between the rotating rod 15 and the housing 14 for the extension and retraction of the dustproof strip 7. A strip-shaped through hole is opened at the top of the housing 14. The dustproof strip 7 penetrates the grating ruler housing 2 and extends into the interior of the housing 14 through the strip-shaped through hole to connect with the rotating rod 15. The dustproof strip 7 is partially wrapped around the outer wall of the rotating rod 15.

[0022] Working principle: When a CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a linear encoder is put into use, its moving end synchronously drives the reading head 3, which is fixed to it, to move along the guide direction of the slide rail 1 when the CNC machine tool feed mechanism executes a movement command. During the movement, the reading head 3 continuously collects the position signal of the linear encoder inside the linear encoder housing 2 to achieve precise positioning. The dustproof strip 7 is driven to move synchronously through the connecting components on both sides, always covering the mounting window at the top of the linear encoder housing 2 and the strip-shaped through holes on both sides, forming dynamic dustproof protection. The two side walls of the reading head 3 are fixed with clamps 4, which are connected to the dustproof strip 7 through the internally inserted connectors 5. The flexible connection allows the dustproof strip 7 to move in the same direction as the reader head 3 when it moves along the slide rail 1. This is achieved through the force transmission path of "clamp plate 4 → connector head 5". When the reader head 3 moves in a certain direction, the dustproof strip 7 on the same side is directly pulled, while the dustproof strip 7 on the other side is subsequently contracted by the spring at the connection between the rotating rod 15 and the outer shell 14. The contracted dustproof strip 7 is wrapped around the outer wall of the rotating rod 15. Through the cooperation between the spring and the rotating rod 15, the dustproof strip 7 can always be kept taut, thus preventing gaps from appearing during movement and causing dust to enter the interior of the outer wall 2 of the grating ruler.

[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler, comprising a slide rail (1), a grating ruler housing (2), and a reading head (3), wherein the grating ruler housing (2) is mounted on the side wall of the slide rail (1), and the reading head (3) is provided at the top of the grating ruler housing (2), characterized in that, The reading head (3) is provided with connecting components on both sides. A dustproof strip (7) is provided on the outside of the connecting components. Limiting strips (8) are provided on both sides of the dustproof strip (7). The grating ruler housing (2) is symmetrically provided with slot plates (9) on both sides. A slot is provided inside the slot plate (9), and a connecting plug (10) is inserted into the slot. A fixing bolt (11) is inserted into the connecting plug (10). A support block (12) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plug (10). A guide wheel (13) is installed on the top of the support block (12). An auxiliary component is provided on the side wall of the support block (12).

2. The CNC machine tool feed mechanism with grating ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner top wall of the grating ruler housing (2) has a limiting groove for sliding the limiting strip (8).

3. The CNC machine tool feed mechanism with grating ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dustproof strip (7) is made of soft dustproof cloth, and the limiting strip (8) is made of hard rubber.

4. A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with an optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes a clamp (4), which is fixed to the two side walls of the reading head (3). A connector (5) is inserted into the inside of the clamp (4), and the outer wall of the connector (5) is connected to the dustproof strip (7). A fastener (6) is threaded to the top of the clamp (4).

5. A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with an optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary component includes a housing (14), which is fixed to the outer wall of the support block (12), and a rotating rod (15) is rotatably connected inside the housing (14).

6. A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with an optical encoder according to claim 5, characterized in that, A spring is provided at the connection between the rotating rod (15) and the outer shell (14) for extending and retracting the dustproof strip (7).

7. A CNC machine tool feed mechanism with a grating ruler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the outer shell (14) is provided with a strip-shaped through hole. The dustproof strip (7) extends through the outer shell (2) of the grating ruler through the strip-shaped through hole to the inside of the outer shell (14) and connects with the rotating rod (15). The dustproof strip (7) is partially wrapped around the outer wall of the rotating rod (15).

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