Anti-vibration structure of a milling machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of shockproof structures of milling machine, comprising: support frame, its front end is equipped with two groups of transverse guide rails arranged in upper and lower interval;Base, be equipped with in the front end of support frame, and by transverse drive mechanism drive movement, the front side of base is equipped with two vertically arranged sliding grooves, rear side is equipped with two transversely arranged sliding grooves;Shaft seat, be equipped with in the front end of base, by lifting drive mechanism drive lifting;The both sides of shaft seat and two groups of transverse guide rails are all equipped with boss, several sliding grooves are respectively and corresponding boss sliding fit, the front end of front side sliding groove and the rear end of rear side sliding groove are all equipped with limit slot, limit slot and corresponding boss are equipped with inlay strip between interval, limit slot is along its length direction interval and is equipped with several with its intercommunication placement slot, several placement slots are all installed with piston, the telescopic end of several pistons is fixedly connected with corresponding inlay strip, the utility model is locked by the linkage structure of piston and inlay strip to realize function, inhibit the vibration of base and shaft seat in processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of milling machine equipment technology, specifically a shockproof structure for a milling machine. Background Technology

[0002] A milling machine is a machine tool that uses a milling cutter to process various surfaces of a workpiece. It typically uses the rotation of the milling cutter as the main motion and the relative movement between the workpiece and the milling cutter as the feed motion. It can be widely used to process planes, grooves, and various complex curved surfaces, gears, and other parts.

[0003] Existing milling machines typically employ a dual-guide-rail structure, where two guide rails are installed between the support frame and the machine base, and between the machine base and the spindle, for guidance and support. However, under high-speed cutting or heavy-duty machining conditions, the dual-guide-rail structure suffers from insufficient rigidity and limited torsional resistance, which can easily lead to slight vibrations in the machine base and spindle during machining. This can affect the stability of the machining process and make it difficult to guarantee the machining accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vibration-damping structure for milling machines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A vibration damping structure for a milling machine, comprising:

[0007] The supporting frame has two sets of transverse guide rails arranged at vertical intervals at its front end;

[0008] The base is located at the front end of the support frame and is driven to move by a transverse drive mechanism. The front side of the base has two vertically arranged sliding grooves, and the rear side has two transversely arranged sliding grooves.

[0009] The bearing seat is located at the front end of the machine base and is driven to move up and down by a lifting drive mechanism;

[0010] Both sides of the bearing seat and the two sets of transverse guide rails are provided with bosses. Several sliding grooves are respectively slidably engaged with the corresponding bosses. The front end of the front sliding groove and the rear end of the rear sliding groove are provided with limiting grooves. There are inserts spaced between the limiting grooves and the corresponding bosses. Several placement grooves communicating with the limiting grooves are spaced along their length. Pistons are installed in the placement grooves. The telescopic ends of the pistons are fixedly connected to the corresponding inserts.

[0011] Furthermore, the support frame includes a base and a load-bearing part. The top of the base is provided with two sets of longitudinal guide rails, and longitudinal sliders are slidably arranged on the two sets of longitudinal guide rails. The tops of the two longitudinal sliders are fitted with a worktable. The top of the base is also provided with a longitudinal drive mechanism for driving the worktable to move. The base is provided with columns on both sides. The load-bearing part is arranged laterally between the tops of the two columns and is integrally formed with the two columns. The two sets of transverse guide rails are arranged at the front end of the load-bearing part.

[0012] Furthermore, the lateral drive mechanism, the lifting drive mechanism, and the longitudinal drive mechanism are all motor screw drive mechanisms.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned limiting grooves has a mounting groove at its center, the mounting groove being located between two spaced-apart inserts, and each of the aforementioned mounting grooves has an auxiliary shock-absorbing mechanism capable of abutting against the corresponding boss.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned auxiliary shock-absorbing mechanisms includes a fixed frame and a top plate and a push plate spaced apart. The dimensions of the top plate and the push plate are adapted to the mounting groove and slide in cooperation with the mounting groove. The push plate is located on the side near the boss, and the top plate is located on the side away from the boss. Several springs are provided between the top plate and the push plate. The mounting groove on the side away from the boss has a through hole communicating with the outside. An electric push rod is installed on the fixed frame, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the top plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the top plate is symmetrically provided with countersunk holes, and the push plate is symmetrically provided with threaded holes. The threaded holes are coaxially arranged with the corresponding countersunk holes. Limiting rods are threaded into both threaded holes. The limiting rods extend upward into the corresponding countersunk holes and are provided with limiting parts at the top that are adapted to the countersunk holes.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This invention features limiting grooves at the front end of the front slide groove and the rear end of the rear slide groove on the machine base. A strip is spaced between the limiting groove and the corresponding boss. Several placement grooves communicating with the limiting groove are spaced along its length, and pistons are installed in each of these placement grooves. The telescopic ends of the pistons are fixedly connected to the corresponding strips. During processing, compressed gas is injected into the pistons via an external air source device, causing the telescopic ends of the pistons to extend towards the boss, pushing the strips tightly against the boss surface. This eliminates gaps, suppresses vibrations of the machine base and shaft during processing, and improves the surface quality of the machined parts.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1The overall structure of this utility model Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 : Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0021] Figure 3 : Front view of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 The overall structure of this utility model Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 5 : Structural diagram of the base of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 : Exploded view of the base structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 : Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of part B.

[0026] Figure 8 : A sectional view of the limiting groove of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 9 : Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure of part C.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Support frame; 2. Base; 3. Shaft seat; 4. Transverse guide rail; 5. Boss; 6. Transverse drive mechanism; 7. Lifting drive mechanism; 8. Longitudinal drive mechanism; 11. Base; 12. Longitudinal guide rail; 13. Longitudinal slider; 14. Worktable; 15. Column; 16. Load-bearing part; 21. Slide groove; 22. Inlay; 23. Limiting groove; 24. Auxiliary anti-vibration mechanism; 25. Placement groove; 26. Mounting groove; 27. Piston; 241. Top plate; 242. Push plate; 243. Spring; 244. Through hole; 245. Electric actuator; 246. Limiting rod; 247. Fixing bracket; 2411. Countersunk hole; 2421. Threaded hole; 2461. Limiting part. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1-9 ;

[0031] A vibration-damping structure for a milling machine includes a support frame 1, a machine base 2, and a spindle seat 3. The support frame 1 has two sets of horizontally spaced guide rails 4 at its front end. The machine base 2 is mounted on the front end of the support frame 1 and is driven by a horizontal drive mechanism 6 to reciprocate along the horizontal guide rails 4. The front side of the machine base 2 has two vertically arranged slide grooves 21, and the rear side has two horizontally arranged slide grooves 21. The spindle seat 3 is located at the front end of the machine base 2 and is driven by a lifting drive mechanism 7 to achieve lifting motion. Bosses 5 are provided on both sides of the spindle seat 3 and on the two sets of horizontal guide rails 4. Several slide grooves 21 slide in contact with corresponding bosses 5 to constrain the movement trajectory of the machine base 2 and spindle seat 3 during operation, ensuring they move along a predetermined path. The front end of the front slide groove 21 and the rear end of the rear slide groove 21 of the machine base 2 are both provided with limiting grooves 23. A strip 22 is spaced between the limiting groove 23 and the corresponding boss 5. Several placement grooves 25 communicating with the limiting groove 23 are spaced along its length. A piston 27 is installed in each of the placement grooves 25, and the telescopic ends of the pistons 27 are fixedly connected to the corresponding strips 22. Preferably, the machine base 2 has a through hole communicating with the outside at the position corresponding to each placement groove 25. This through hole is used to connect the piston 27 to an external air source device. During processing, compressed gas is injected into the piston 27 through the external air source device, causing the telescopic end of the piston 27 to extend towards the boss 5, pushing the strip 22 tightly against the surface of the boss 5, thereby eliminating gaps, suppressing vibration of the machine base 2 and the shaft seat 3 during processing, and improving the surface quality of the processed material.

[0032] In this embodiment, the support frame 1 includes a base 11 and a load-bearing part 16. Two sets of longitudinal guide rails 12 are provided at the top of the base 11, and longitudinal sliders 13 are slidably mounted on the two sets of longitudinal guide rails 12. A worktable 14 is mounted on the top of the two longitudinal sliders 13, and a fixture for holding the workpiece is mounted on the worktable 14. A longitudinal drive mechanism 8 is also provided at the top of the base 11, which is connected to the worktable 14 and drives it to reciprocate along the longitudinal guide rails 12. Columns 15 are provided on both sides of the base 11. The load-bearing part 16 is laterally positioned between the tops of the two columns 15 and is integrally formed with the two columns 15 to enhance the rigidity of the overall structure. Two sets of transverse guide rails 4 are located at the front end of the load-bearing part 16.

[0033] It should be noted that the transverse drive mechanism 6, the lifting drive mechanism 7, and the longitudinal drive mechanism 8 are all motor screw drive mechanisms. This type of drive method is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Although the linkage structure between the piston 27 and the insert 22 can achieve a locking function, its response speed is limited because it relies on an external air source to establish working pressure, making it difficult to respond promptly to high-frequency micro-vibrations caused by sudden changes in cutting force or tool vibration during machining. Therefore, a mounting groove 26 is provided at the center of each of the limiting grooves 23. The mounting groove 26 is located between two spaced inserts 22. Each mounting groove 26 is equipped with an auxiliary anti-vibration mechanism 24 that can abut against the corresponding boss 5. The auxiliary anti-vibration mechanism 24 can dynamically abut against the corresponding boss 5, achieving rapid response and compensation for high-frequency vibrations. Each auxiliary anti-vibration mechanism 24 includes a fixing frame 247 and spaced top plates 241 and push plates 242. The dimensions of the top plates 241 and push plates 242 are adapted to the mounting grooves 26 and slide in cooperation with them. The push plate 242 is located on the side closer to the boss 5, and the top plate 241 is located on the side farther from the boss 5. Several springs 243 are provided between the top plate 241 and the push plate 242. The mounting groove 26 has a through hole 244 communicating with the outside on the side away from the boss 5. An electric push rod 245 is installed on the fixing frame 247. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 245 passes through the through hole 244 and is fixedly connected to the top plate 241.

[0035] During the machining process, when the electric actuator 245 is energized, its telescopic end pushes the top plate 241 to move towards the boss 5, compressing the spring 243 between the top plate 241 and the push plate 242, and finally causing the push plate 242 to contact the boss 5, applying a controllable clamping force. The spring 243 provides flexible preload on the one hand to avoid rigid impact; on the other hand, it can absorb high-frequency vibration energy and play a damping and vibration reduction role. Through the dynamic compensation mechanism of the spring 243, it can cope with the small displacement caused by the cutting force fluctuation, maintain the close fit between the kinematic pairs, and further improve the machine tool's operating stability and machining surface quality under complex working conditions.

[0036] It should be noted that in the initial state, the push plate 242 is located entirely within the mounting groove 26, and the distance it needs to move is less than its own height. This ensures that part of the push plate 242 is always within the mounting groove 26, preventing misalignment when the push plate 242 is fully pushed out, which would prevent the electric push rod 245 from retracting when it retracts.

[0037] During the movement of the base 2 and the bearing 3, the push plate 242 will rub against the boss 5, causing accelerated wear of the push plate 242. To avoid this problem, it is necessary to ensure that the push plate 242 can return to its original position. However, if only the spring 243 is used for return, the spring 243 may become fatigued, loose, or even fail due to long-term use, resulting in the push plate 242 not returning to its original position and still posing a risk of friction and wear with the boss 5. Therefore, countersunk holes 2411 are symmetrically provided on the top plate 241, and threaded holes 2421 are symmetrically provided on the push plate 242. The threaded holes 2421 and the corresponding countersunk holes 2411 are coaxially arranged. Both threaded holes 2421 are threaded with limiting rods 246. The limiting rods 246 extend upward into the corresponding countersunk holes 2411 and have a limiting part 2461 at the top that matches the countersunk holes 2411. When the telescopic end of the electric push rod 245 retracts, it drives the top plate 241 to move away from the boss 5, causing the spring 243 to return to its original state and pull the push plate 242 backward. When the top plate 241 moves backward until the inner end face of the countersunk hole 2411 contacts the limiting part 2461 at the top of the limiting rod 246, the force generated by the backward movement of the top plate 241 will be directly transmitted to the limiting rod 246 through the limiting part 2461, thereby driving the push plate 242 to retract synchronously, thus pulling the push plate 242 back into the mounting groove 26. The limiting rod 246 is used to realize the reset of the push plate 242, without relying on the tension of the spring 243 to complete the return action, avoiding the problem of incomplete reset caused by the performance decay of the spring 243.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0039] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vibration damping structure for a milling machine, characterized in that, include: The support frame (1) has two sets of transverse guide rails (4) arranged at intervals at the front end; The base (2) is located at the front end of the support frame (1) and is driven to move by the transverse drive mechanism (6). The front side of the base (2) is provided with two vertically arranged slide grooves (21) and the rear side is provided with two transversely arranged slide grooves (21). The bearing seat (3) is located at the front end of the base (2) and is driven to lift by the lifting drive mechanism (7); Both sides of the bearing seat (3) and the two sets of transverse guide rails (4) are provided with bosses (5). Several sliding grooves (21) are respectively slidably engaged with the corresponding bosses (5). The front end of the front sliding groove (21) and the rear end of the rear sliding groove (21) are provided with limiting grooves (23). The limiting grooves (23) and the corresponding bosses (5) are spaced apart by inserts (22). The limiting grooves (23) are spaced apart along their length direction by several placement grooves (25) communicating with them. Pistons (27) are installed in several placement grooves (25). The telescopic ends of several pistons (27) are fixedly connected to the corresponding inserts (22).

2. The anti-vibration structure for a milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (1) includes a base (11) and a load-bearing part (16). The top of the base (11) is provided with two sets of longitudinal guide rails (12), and longitudinal sliders (13) are slidably arranged on the two sets of longitudinal guide rails (12). The top of the two longitudinal sliders (13) are fitted with a worktable (14). The top of the base (11) is also provided with a longitudinal drive mechanism (8) for driving the worktable (14) to move. The base (11) has columns (15) on both sides. The load-bearing part (16) is arranged horizontally between the tops of the two columns (15) and is integrally formed with the two columns (15). The two sets of transverse guide rails (4) are arranged at the front end of the load-bearing part (16).

3. The anti-vibration structure for a milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transverse drive mechanism (6), the lifting drive mechanism (7), and the longitudinal drive mechanism (8) are all motor screw drive mechanisms.

4. The anti-vibration structure for a milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the limiting grooves (23) has a mounting groove (26) at its center. The mounting groove (26) is located between two spaced strips (22). Each of the mounting grooves (26) has an auxiliary shock-absorbing mechanism (24) that can abut against the corresponding boss (5).

5. The anti-vibration structure for a milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned auxiliary shock-absorbing mechanisms (24) includes a fixed frame (247) and a top plate (241) and a push plate (242) spaced apart. The dimensions of the top plate (241) and the push plate (242) are adapted to the mounting groove (26) and slide in cooperation with the mounting groove (26). The push plate (242) is located on the side close to the boss (5), and the top plate (241) is located on the side away from the boss (5). A plurality of springs (243) are provided between the top plate (241) and the push plate (242). The mounting groove (26) on the side away from the boss (5) has a through hole (244) communicating with the outside. An electric push rod (245) is installed on the fixed frame (247). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (245) passes through the through hole (244) and is fixedly connected to the top plate (241).

6. The anti-vibration structure for a milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top plate (241) is symmetrically provided with countersunk holes (2411), and the push plate (242) is symmetrically provided with threaded holes (2421). The threaded holes (2421) are coaxially arranged with the corresponding countersunk holes (2411). Limiting rods (246) are threadedly connected in both threaded holes (2421). The limiting rods (246) extend upward into the corresponding countersunk holes (2411) and have a limiting part (2461) at the top that is adapted to the countersunk holes (2411).

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