A fixture for processing a cutting edge of a tool in a five-axis grinding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a fixture for machining a cutting edge of a five-axis grinding machine, and relates to the technical field of grinding equipment.The fixture comprises a fixture body, the fixture body is processed with an X-axis positioning surface, a Y-axis positioning surface and a Z-axis positioning surface, the X-axis positioning surface, the Y-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface are respectively in abutment with three surfaces of a tool to determine the installation position of the tool; and the fixture body is further provided with a fixing piece for fixing the tool.When the tool is clamped, the three surfaces of the tool are respectively in abutment with the three positioning surfaces, the three positioning surfaces limit the movement of the tool in three directions, and the displacement position of the tool installation is directly determined; then the tool is tightly pressed on the positioning surface through the fixing piece, so as to offset the radial and axial stress of the grinding wheel on the tool in the machining process, and further enable the fixture to stably clamp the tool, prevent the tool from shaking during machining to cause deviation in the machining of the cutting edge, and improve the stability of the machining quality of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of grinding equipment, and in particular to a fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] A five-axis CNC grinding machine is a high-precision, high-efficiency machining equipment, mainly used for grinding and manufacturing various precision tools and complex curved surfaces. The five axes mainly refer to the five axes X, Y, Z, and C. The axis that rotates around the X-axis is called the A-axis, the axis that rotates around the Y-axis is called the B-axis, and the axis that rotates around the Z-axis is called the C-axis. The core function of a five-axis CNC grinding machine lies in its five-axis linkage capability, which means that the machine tool can simultaneously perform precise movements and controls on five different axes: X, Y, Z, A (or B), and C. This multi-axis linkage design enables the grinding machine to handle very complex workpiece geometries.

[0003] In related technologies, when a grinding machine processes a workpiece, it first uses a fixture to clamp the workpiece. The fixture is fixed by the grinding machine's own axial fixture, which can rotate on two of the A, B, and C axes. The grinding wheel moves on the X, Y, and Z axes. The movement of the grinding wheel and fixture is controlled by the system program to process the workpiece. However, when processing certain specific surface features of the workpiece, such as the cutting edge of a tool, existing fixtures cannot stably clamp the tool. This causes the tool to wobble under stress during grinding, resulting in unstable processing quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problem that existing fixtures cannot stably clamp cutting tools, this application provides a fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine.

[0005] This application provides a fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine, which adopts the following technical solution: A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine includes a fixture body. The fixture body is machined with an X-axis positioning surface, a Y-axis positioning surface, and a Z-axis positioning surface. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis positioning surfaces respectively abut against the three surfaces of the tool to determine the tool's mounting position. The fixture body is also provided with a fixing member for fixing the tool. When the three surfaces of the tool abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively, the tool is fixed to the fixture body by the fixing member.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when clamping the tool, the three sides of the tool abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively. The three positioning surfaces restrict the movement of the tool in three directions, directly determining the displacement position of the tool installation. Then, the tool is tightly pressed against the positioning surfaces by the fixing component to counteract the radial and axial stresses applied to the tool by the grinding wheel during the machining process. This allows the fixture to stably grip the tool, preventing the tool from shaking during machining and causing deviations in the cutting edge, thus improving the stability of the tool machining quality.

[0007] Preferably, the fixture body has an X-axis clearance groove at the intersection of the X-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tool is being processed, its edges and corners may have tiny burrs, chamfers, or irregular contours. If the intersection of the X-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface is a solid structure, the edges and corners of the tool are prone to hard contact with the intersection, causing the tool to be unable to fully fit the positioning surface and compromising the accuracy of three-dimensional positioning. The setting of the X-axis clearance groove provides a space for the edges and corners of the tool, avoiding the above situation and ensuring that the tool can stably and closely contact the positioning surface, further determining the positioning accuracy.

[0009] Preferably, the fixture body has a Y-axis clearance groove at the intersection of the Y-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface, and the fixture body has a Z-axis clearance groove at the intersection of the X-axis positioning surface and the Y-axis positioning surface.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, burrs, chamfers, or irregular contours may appear on the three corners of the tool. By adding Y-axis and Z-axis clearance grooves, it can be ensured that the three corners of the tool will not make hard contact with the fixture body, which would prevent the tool from fully fitting the positioning surface and compromising the accuracy of three-dimensional positioning. This ensures that the tool can stably and fit snugly against the positioning surface, further determining the positioning accuracy.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing component includes a fixing plate and a first fastening bolt. The fixing plate is fixed on the fixture body. The fixing plate is arranged parallel to the Z-axis positioning surface and suspended above the Z-axis positioning surface. The fixing plate forms a mounting groove for placing the tool between the X-axis positioning surface, the Y-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface. The first fastening bolt passes through the fixing plate and abuts against the tool in the mounting groove to fix the tool in the mounting groove.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting groove formed by the fixing plate and the three positioning surfaces is equivalent to constructing a semi-enclosed cavity for the cutting tool. After the cutting tool is placed in the mounting groove, it is surrounded by the positioning surfaces and the fixing plate, which restricts the multi-directional displacement of the cutting tool in space. The first fastening bolt passes through the fixing plate and directly abuts against the cutting tool, which can accurately transmit the fastening force to the cutting tool, so that the cutting tool fits tightly against the positioning surface. When clamping, simply put the cutting tool into the mounting groove and fit it against the positioning surface, and then tighten the first fastening bolt. The first fastening bolt, together with the clamp body, applies clamping force to the cutting tool to complete the fixing of the cutting tool. When disassembling, simply loosen the bolt in the opposite direction to remove the cutting tool. The operation steps are simple and easy to understand.

[0013] Preferably, a second fastening bolt is fixed on the clamp body, and a washer is fitted on the second fastening bolt. One side of the washer abuts against the cutting tool, and the other side of the washer abuts against the head of the second fastening bolt.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the shim and the first fastening bolt respectively restrict the displacement of the tool in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. At the same time, during the machining process, the grinding wheel and the X-axis positioning surface are located at both ends of the tool along the Y-axis direction. The X-axis positioning surface abuts against the tool to restrict the displacement of the tool in the Y-axis direction, ensuring that the tool will not move, further reducing the risk of tool wobbling and improving machining stability.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing plate is provided with a process groove between itself and the X-axis positioning surface to facilitate the machining of the X-axis clearance groove.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when machining the X-axis clearance groove (the hole is located at the intersection of the X-axis and Z-axis positioning surfaces), if the fixing plate is tightly attached to the X-axis positioning surface, that is, if the fixing plate is tightly attached to the surface of the fixture body, the fixing plate will form an obstruction, which will increase the machining difficulty of the X-axis clearance groove and make it difficult to ensure machining accuracy. The setting of the process groove is equivalent to reserving a machining channel between the fixing plate and the X-axis positioning surface, so that the machining tool can reach the machining position of the X-axis clearance groove without obstruction, which facilitates the machining of the X-axis clearance groove; and the process hole also has the function of a clearance groove.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a clamping shank for being held by the axial clamp of the grinding machine itself, the clamping body being fixed to the clamping shank.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, the axial fixture of a five-axis grinding machine usually has a standardized clamping structure, such as a three-jaw chuck or a hydraulic chuck. The fixture needs to have a corresponding adaptation structure to achieve stable clamping. The setting of the clamping handle is equivalent to providing a standardized connection end for the fixture body. The grinding machine axial fixture can directly clamp and fix the entire fixture through the clamping handle.

[0019] Preferably, the clamping handle is a cylindrical rod, and the clamping body is located at one end of the clamping handle; the end of the clamping handle away from the clamping body is provided with a central hole that mates with the axial clamping of the grinding machine itself, the central hole is arranged along the axial direction of the clamping handle, and the central hole is adapted to the positioning pin of the axial clamping of the grinding machine.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the center hole is set along the axis of the clamping shank, which can achieve precise matching with the positioning pin on the grinding machine axial fixture. When installing the fixture, simply align the center hole of the clamping shank with the positioning pin of the grinding machine axial fixture, and quickly determine the installation position of the clamping shank without repeated adjustments and calibrations. Then, the grinding machine axial fixture clamps the clamping shank and installs the fixture with the tool on the grinding machine.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When clamping the tool, the three sides of the tool are respectively abutted against the three positioning surfaces. The three positioning surfaces restrict the movement of the tool in three directions and directly determine the displacement position of the tool installation. Then, the tool is tightly pressed against the positioning surfaces by the fastener to counteract the radial and axial stresses applied to the tool by the grinding wheel during the machining process. This allows the fixture to stably hold the tool, prevent the tool from shaking during machining and causing deviations in the cutting edge, and improve the stability of the tool machining quality. 2. Burrs, chamfers, or irregular contours may appear on the three corners of the tool. By opening X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis clearance grooves, it can be ensured that the three corners of the tool will not make hard contact with the fixture body, which would prevent the tool from fully conforming to the positioning surface and compromising the accuracy of three-dimensional positioning. This ensures that the tool can stably and conformally contact the positioning surface, further determining the positioning accuracy. 3. The first fastening bolt mainly applies a fixing force to the tool from a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis positioning surface, while the second fastening bolt, in conjunction with the washer, can provide auxiliary fixing to the tool from other directions. This multi-directional force can more comprehensively restrict the tool's degrees of freedom. Especially during grinding, when the grinding wheel applies stress to the tool's cutting edge from different angles, the multi-directional fixing force can effectively counteract the displacement trend caused by the stress, further reducing the risk of tool wobbling and improving machining stability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure when the tool is clamped according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of this application when the cutting tool is not clamped. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a side view of an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixture body; 2. Clamping handle; 3. X-axis positioning surface; 4. Y-axis positioning surface; 5. Z-axis positioning surface; 6. Fixing component; 61. Fixing plate; 62. First fastening bolt; 7. X-axis clearance groove; 8. Y-axis clearance groove; 9. Z-axis clearance groove; 10. Mounting groove; 11. Process groove; 12. Second fastening bolt; 13. Washer; 14. Center hole; 15. Cutting tool. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] This application discloses a fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A five-axis grinding machine tool cutting edge machining fixture includes a fixture body 1 and a clamping shank 2. The fixture body 1 is machined with an X-axis positioning surface 3, a Y-axis positioning surface 4 and a Z-axis positioning surface 5. The X-axis positioning surface 3, the Y-axis positioning surface 4 and the Z-axis positioning surface 5 are perpendicular to each other. When clamping a tool, the three surfaces of the tool abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively. The clamping shank 2 is integrally formed with the fixture body 1 and is used to be clamped by the axial fixture of the grinding machine to install the tool on the grinding machine.

[0027] The fixture body 1 is also provided with a fixing member 6 for fixing the tool 15. When the three sides of the tool 15 abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively, the fixing member 6 cooperates with the three positioning surfaces to fix the position of the tool 15 and limit the displacement of the tool 15.

[0028] When clamping the tool 15, the three faces of the tool 15 abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively. The three positioning surfaces restrict the movement of the tool 15 in three directions, directly determining the displacement position of the tool 15. Then, the tool 15 is tightly pressed onto the positioning surfaces by the fixing member 6. Then, the clamping handle 2 is clamped by the axial fixture of the grinding machine to fix the fixture. The fixing member 6, together with the fixture body 1, applies clamping force to the tool 15 to counteract the radial and axial stresses applied to the tool 15 by the grinding wheel during the machining process. This allows the fixture to stably grip the tool 15, preventing the tool 15 from shaking during machining and causing deviations in the cutting edge, thus improving the stability of the machining quality of the tool 15.

[0029] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fixture body 1 has X-axis clearance groove 7, Y-axis clearance groove 8 and Z-axis clearance groove 9 respectively at the intersection of X-axis positioning surface 3 and Z-axis positioning surface 5, the intersection of Y-axis positioning surface 4 and Z-axis positioning surface 5 and the intersection of X-axis positioning surface 3 and Y-axis positioning surface 4.

[0030] Because the tool 15 may have tiny burrs, chamfers, or irregular contours on its edges and corners after machining, when the three faces of the tool 15 abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively, the edges and corners of the tool 15 that contact the three positioning surfaces are prone to hard contact at the contact position, causing the tool 15 to be unable to fully fit the positioning surfaces and destroying the accuracy of three-dimensional positioning. The X-axis relief groove 7, Y-axis relief groove 8, and Z-axis relief groove 9 provide accommodation space for the edges and corners of the tool 15, avoiding the above situation, ensuring that the tool 15 can stably and fit against the positioning surfaces, and further determining the positioning accuracy.

[0031] The fixing component 6 includes a fixing plate 61 and a first fastening bolt 62. The fixing plate 61 is a rectangular plate and is integrally formed with the fixture body 1. The fixing plate 61 is parallel to the Z-axis positioning surface 5 and is suspended above the Z-axis positioning surface 5. The fixing plate 61 forms a mounting groove 10 for placing the tool 15 between the X-axis positioning surface 3, the Y-axis positioning surface 4 and the Z-axis positioning surface 5. The first fastening bolt 62 is screwed onto the fixing plate 61 and is perpendicular to the fixing plate 61 and passes through the fixing plate 61.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The mounting groove 10 formed by the fixing plate 61 and the three positioning surfaces is equivalent to constructing a semi-enclosed cavity for the tool 15. After the tool 15 is placed in the mounting groove 10, it is surrounded by the positioning surfaces and the fixing plate 61, which restricts the multi-directional displacement of the tool 15 in space. The first fastening bolt 62 passes through the fixing plate 61 and directly abuts against the tool 15, which can accurately transmit the fastening force to the tool 15, so that the tool 15 fits tightly against the positioning surface. When clamping, simply put the tool 15 into the mounting groove 10 and fit it against the positioning surface, and then tighten the first fastening bolt 62. The first fastening bolt 62, together with the clamp body 1, applies clamping force to the tool 15 to complete the fixation of the tool 15. When disassembling, simply loosen the bolt in the opposite direction to remove the tool 15. The operation steps are simple and easy to understand.

[0033] refer to Figure 3 A process groove 11 is provided between the fixed plate 61 and the X-axis positioning surface 3 to facilitate the machining of the X-axis clearance groove 7. When machining the X-axis clearance groove 7 (the hole is located at the intersection of the X-axis and Z-axis positioning surfaces 5), if the fixed plate 61 is tightly fitted with the X-axis positioning surface 3, that is, if the fixed plate 61 is tightly fitted with the surface of the fixture body 1, the fixed plate 61 will form an obstruction, which will increase the machining difficulty of the X-axis clearance groove 7 and make it difficult to ensure machining accuracy. The setting of the process groove 11 is equivalent to reserving a machining channel between the fixed plate 61 and the X-axis positioning surface 3, so that the machining tool 15 can reach the machining position of the X-axis clearance groove 7 without obstruction, which facilitates the machining of the X-axis clearance groove 7; and the process hole also has the function of a clearance groove.

[0034] A second fastening bolt 12 is also screwed onto the fixture body 1. The second fastening bolt 12 is perpendicular to the Y-axis positioning surface 4. A washer 13 is fitted onto the second fastening bolt 12. The washer 13 is located between the tool 15 and the head of the second fastening bolt 12. After the first fastening bolt 62 abuts against the tool 15, the second fastening bolt 12 is screwed on so that one side of the washer 13 abuts against the tool 15 and the other side of the washer 13 abuts against the head of the second fastening bolt 12. The washer 13, together with the tool 15 of the fixture body 1, applies a clamping force to clamp and fix the tool 15.

[0035] The shim 13 and the first fastening bolt 62 respectively restrict the displacement of the tool 15 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. At the same time, during the machining process, the X-axis positioning surface 3, in conjunction with the grinding wheel, also restricts the displacement of the tool 15 in the Y-axis direction, ensuring that the tool 15 will not be displaced, further reducing the risk of tool 15 shaking and improving machining stability.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The clamping handle 2 is a cylindrical rod. The clamping body 1 is located at one end of the clamping handle 2. The end of the clamping handle 2 away from the clamping body 1 has a central hole 14. The central hole 14 is set along the axis of the clamping plate and is adapted to the positioning pin of the grinding machine axial clamp. After the tool 15 is clamped, when installing the clamp, it is only necessary to align the central hole 14 of the clamping handle 2 and insert it into the positioning pin of the grinding machine axial clamp. The installation position of the clamping handle 2 can be quickly determined without repeated adjustment and calibration. Then the grinding machine axial clamp clamps the clamping handle 2 to fix the installation clamp.

[0037] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: When clamping the tool 15, the tool 15 is placed in the mounting groove 10, so that the three surfaces of the tool 15 abut against the X-axis positioning surface 3, the Y-axis positioning surface 4, and the Z-axis positioning surface 5, respectively; then the first fastening bolt 62 is tightened, and the end of the first fastening bolt 62 abuts against the surface of the tool 15 in the mounting groove 10. The first fastening bolt 62, together with the clamp body 1, clamps and fixes the tool 15, restricting the Z-axis displacement of the tool 15; then the shim 13 is sleeved on the second fastening bolt 12 and the second fastening bolt 12 is tightened and fixed on the clamp body 1. One side of the shim 13 abuts against the surface of the tool 15, and the other side of the shim 13 abuts against the bolt head of the second fastening bolt 12. The shim 13, together with the fixture body 1, clamps the tool 15 and restricts the X-axis displacement of the tool 15. Then, the mounting hole of the clamping handle 2 is aligned and inserted into the positioning pin of the grinding machine axial fixture. The grinding machine's own axial fixture clamps the clamping handle 2, and the fixture with the tool is installed on the grinding machine. When the grinding wheel processes the tool 15, the grinding wheel and the X-axis positioning surface 3 are located at the two ends of the tool 15 along the Y-axis direction, respectively. The X-axis positioning surface 3 abuts against the tool 15 to realize the displacement of the tool 15 in the Y-axis direction.

[0038] In summary, the fixture body 1 precisely positions the tool 15 at its mounting position using three positioning surfaces. Combined with the X-axis positioning surface 3, the first fastening bolt 62, the second fastening bolt 12, and the washer 13, the tool 15 is limited in the XYZ directions to counteract the radial and axial stresses applied to the tool 15 by the grinding wheel during machining. This allows the fixture to stably grip the tool 15, preventing the tool 15 from shaking during machining and causing deviations in the cutting edge, thus improving the stability of the machining quality of the tool 15.

[0039] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine, characterized in that, The fixture includes a fixture body (1), which is machined with an X-axis positioning surface (3), a Y-axis positioning surface (4) and a Z-axis positioning surface (5). The X-axis positioning surface (3), the Y-axis positioning surface (4) and the Z-axis positioning surface (5) respectively abut against the three surfaces of the tool (15) to determine the installation position of the tool (15). The fixture body (1) is also provided with a fixing member (6) for fixing the tool (15). When the three surfaces of the tool (15) abut against the three positioning surfaces respectively, the tool is fixed on the fixture body (1) by the fixing member (6).

2. The fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture body (1) has an X-axis clearance groove (7) at the intersection of the X-axis positioning surface (3) and the Z-axis positioning surface (5).

3. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixture body (1) has a Y-axis clearance groove (8) at the intersection of the Y-axis positioning surface (4) and the Z-axis positioning surface (5), and the fixture body (1) has a Z-axis clearance groove (9) at the intersection of the X-axis positioning surface (3) and the Y-axis positioning surface (4).

4. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing member (6) includes a fixing plate (61) and a first fastening bolt (62). The fixing plate (61) is fixed on the fixture body (1). The fixing plate (61) is arranged parallel to the Z-axis positioning surface (5) and suspended above the Z-axis positioning surface (5). The fixing plate (61) forms a mounting groove (10) for placing the tool (15) between the X-axis positioning surface (3), the Y-axis positioning surface (4) and the Z-axis positioning surface (5). The first fastening bolt (62) passes through the fixing plate (61) and abuts against the tool (15) in the mounting groove (10) to fix the tool (15) in the mounting groove (10).

5. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamp body (1) is fixed with a second fastening bolt (12), and the second fastening bolt (12) is fitted with a washer (13). One side of the washer (13) abuts against the tool (15), and the other side of the washer (13) abuts against the head of the second fastening bolt (12).

6. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing plate (61) is provided with a process groove (11) between itself and the X-axis positioning surface (3) to facilitate the machining of the X-axis clearance groove (7).

7. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a clamping handle (2) for being held by the axial clamp of the grinding machine itself, the clamping body (1) being fixed on the clamping handle (2).

8. A fixture for machining cutting edges on a five-axis grinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping handle (2) is a cylindrical rod, and the clamping body (1) is located at one end of the clamping handle (2). The end of the clamping handle (2) away from the clamping body (1) is provided with a central hole (14) that mates with the axial clamp of the grinding machine itself. The central hole (14) is set along the axial direction of the clamping handle (2), and the central hole (14) is adapted to the positioning pin of the axial clamp of the grinding machine.

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