A brush head device suitable for multi-specification arc furnace crucible cleaning

Abstract

The utility model belongs to vacuum smelting matched auxiliary tool technical field, specifically discloses a kind of brush head device of adaptation multi-specification electric arc furnace crucible cleaning, including connecting flange, main shaft body, orientation positioning mechanism and cleaning mechanism. Among them, connecting flange is butt joint with cleaning machine main shaft, main shaft body is step shaft, orientation positioning mechanism is set on main shaft body by rotating assembly, including adjustable telescopic component and guide wheel, cleaning mechanism includes bottom disc and annular array mounting seat, for fixed steel wire rope brush.The utility model brush head device is driven under the cleaning machine lifting and rotating system, adjust guide wheel and steel wire rope brush adaptation crucible inner diameter, through high-speed rotation friction stripping impurity, realize full height cleaning, can be adapted to multi-specification crucible, avoid to shake and scratch crucible, reduce cost with waste steel wire rope, solve traditional device adaptation difference, low efficiency, high cost problem, applicable to lively and refractory metal smelting after crucible cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of auxiliary tools for vacuum melting. Specifically, it relates to a brush head device that is compatible with cleaning crucibles of various sizes of electric arc furnaces. This brush head device is mainly used to help improve the cleaning efficiency and cleanliness of the inner wall of the crucible in a vacuum consumable electric arc furnace. It is especially suitable for cleaning metal volatiles, solidified shells and oxide impurities on the inner wall of the crucible after melting of active and refractory metals such as titanium, zirconium and molybdenum. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum arc remelting furnaces are key equipment for producing titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium, molybdenum, niobium, and other reactive and refractory metals. In this smelting process, the crystallizer (i.e., the crucible) is the core component for metal solidification and forming. Its inner wall inevitably accumulates a high-hardness impurity layer composed of metal volatiles, solidified crust, and oxides under high-temperature conditions. To ensure the purity of subsequent ingot castings and prevent cross-contamination between different grades of materials, the inner wall of the crucible must be thoroughly cleaned until the copper substrate is exposed before the next furnace run.

[0003] Currently, mechanical cleaning brush heads are commonly used in the industry to clean the inner walls of crucibles. However, existing brush head devices have the following drawbacks: First, the brush head has poor adaptability and ineffective cleaning results: existing brush head devices typically have a fixed structure and lack an effective radial adjustment mechanism, making it difficult to adapt to crucibles of different diameters. When dealing with crucibles with varying inner diameters, the brush head either fails to effectively contact the inner wall, resulting in cleaning dead zones, or it applies excessive pressure, causing rapid bristle wear and excessive drive load. More importantly, for highly adhesive condensed shells, the fixed brush head often lacks sufficient cleaning power, requiring operators to clean repeatedly, resulting in low efficiency and difficulty in achieving the desired cleanliness standards.

[0004] Secondly, there is a lack of positioning and stability: the existing brush head device lacks a reliable guiding and positioning structure, making it prone to shaking or deviation during high-speed rotation cleaning. This not only leads to uneven cleaning and missed areas, but also may cause scratches or mechanical damage to the inner wall of the expensive copper crucible due to the collision between the brush head and the crucible wall, resulting in additional maintenance costs.

[0005] Third, the cost of use is high: the bristle components of existing brush head devices are mostly non-standard customized special stainless steel brushes, which consume a huge amount of them.

[0006] Therefore, developing a new type of cleaning brush head device that can be adapted to crucibles of various sizes, has a stable guiding and positioning function to improve the cleaning effect and protect the crucible body, and can significantly reduce the cost of consumables has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.

[0007] In view of this, this utility model is hereby proposed. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a brush head device that is compatible with cleaning crucibles of various sizes in electric arc furnaces. It is mainly used to solve the problems of poor adaptability of existing electric arc furnace crucible cleaning brush heads (incompatible with crucibles of different diameters, easy to leave cleaning dead corners or excessive wear of parts), insufficient positioning stability (easy to shake and deviate during cleaning, resulting in uneven cleaning, or even scratching the inner wall of the crucible), and high cost of use (frequent replacement of non-standard customized brush bristles, high unit price, and the need to equip multiple sets of brush heads for crucibles of different sizes, which adds to the cost burden).

[0009] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: This utility model provides a brush head device adapted for cleaning crucibles of various sizes in electric arc furnaces, comprising: A connecting flange, which is detachably connected to the main shaft of the crucible washing machine; The main shaft body is a stepped shaft, and its upper part is detachably connected to the connecting flange. A guiding and positioning mechanism is rotatably mounted on a main shaft via a rotating component. The guiding and positioning mechanism includes a horizontally arranged telescopic component and a guide wheel installed at the end of the telescopic component. The guide wheel is configured to contact the inner wall of the crucible to achieve radial positioning. The cleaning mechanism includes a disc fixedly disposed at the bottom of the main shaft, and multiple mounting seats for fixing the wire rope brush are distributed in a circular array on the disc.

[0010] It should be noted that, driven by the main shaft lifting and rotation systems of the crucible cleaning machine, the brush head device first adjusts the extension length of the telescopic component in the guide positioning mechanism to ensure the guide wheel precisely fits against the inner wall of the crucible to be cleaned, forming a stable radial positioning. Simultaneously, the extension dimension of the wire rope brush in the mounting seat of the cleaning mechanism is adjusted according to the inner diameter of the crucible to ensure tight contact between the wire rope brush and the inner wall of the crucible. Subsequently, the cleaning machine's rotation system drives the connecting flange, main shaft, and bottom disc to rotate synchronously at high speed, causing the annular array of wire rope brushes to peel away impurities from the inner wall of the crucible through friction. Metal crusts, volatiles, and oxide impurities are removed. The lifting system of the cleaning machine simultaneously drives the entire brush head device to move slowly along the crucible axis, achieving full-height cleaning from the bottom to the top of the crucible without dead angles. During the process, the stepped shaft structure of the main shaft provides stable support for the rotating component. The rotating component can reduce the frictional resistance when the guide positioning mechanism rotates, ensuring that the guide wheel always fits against the inner wall of the crucible when the device rotates. Ultimately, a single device can efficiently, accurately, and cost-effectively clean electric arc furnace crucibles of different specifications, solving the problems of poor adaptability and low cleaning efficiency of traditional devices.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a bushing sleeved around the circumference of the main shaft body. A thrust bearing and a deep groove ball bearing are disposed between the bushing sleeve and the main shaft body. Both the deep groove ball bearing and the thrust bearing are located on the upper part of the shoulder of the main shaft body, and the deep groove ball bearing abuts against the shoulder.

[0012] Furthermore, a washer is provided between the thrust bearing and the deep groove ball bearing; The thrust bearing is provided with a retaining ring at the end away from the washer. The inner ring of the retaining ring abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the protruding shaft of the connecting flange, and the outer ring is embedded in a pre-set groove on the inner side of the top of the bushing for axial positioning.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes a housing support arm that is fixedly connected to the bushing and horizontally arranged, and a guide wheel movable body is slidably sleeved on the housing support arm. The guide wheel is installed at the end of the guide wheel movable body by a fixing pin.

[0014] Furthermore, the housing support arm is provided with two or more positioning holes at intervals, and the guide wheel movable body is provided with corresponding mounting holes; the guide wheel movable body is connected and fixed to the housing support arm by a T-pin passing through the mounting hole and different positioning holes, and the T-pin is locked by a cotter pin to realize the radial position adjustment of the guide wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide wheel movable body and the housing support arm are in clearance fit, with a fit clearance of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the mounting base has a radial through hole for inserting a wire rope brush, and an axial threaded hole on which a fastening bolt is screwed to tighten the wire rope brush.

[0017] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism also includes a locking nut, which is threadedly connected to the fastening bolt to prevent the fastening bolt from loosening.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting flange and the main shaft are detachably connected by a combination of threaded connection and locating pin.

[0019] Furthermore, the guide wheel is made of engineering plastic or nylon.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The brush head device provided by this utility model, through the cooperation of the telescopic component and the T-pin in the guide positioning mechanism, can flexibly adjust the radial position of the guide wheel. Combined with the adjustable-length wire rope brush in the cleaning mechanism, a single device can adapt to crucibles of different diameters, eliminating the need for multiple sets of dedicated brush heads. This solves the problems of poor adaptability, easy retention of cleaning dead corners, or excessive wear of parts in traditional devices. Simultaneously, the guide wheel forms a stable radial position against the inner wall of the crucible, and with the support of the stepped shaft of the main shaft and the rotating components (thrust bearing, deep groove ball bearing), it effectively avoids damage during high-speed rotation cleaning. The swaying mechanism prevents scratches on the inner wall of the expensive copper crucible, improving cleaning uniformity and crucible protection. Furthermore, the use of scrap steel wire rope brushes instead of non-standard stainless steel brushes not only achieves waste recycling but also significantly reduces consumable costs (e.g., annual consumable costs can be reduced from tens of thousands of yuan to thousands of yuan). The worn wire rope brushes can be replaced independently, further reducing operating costs. Simultaneously, the combined rotation and lifting mechanism achieves full-height, no-dead-angle cleaning, significantly shortening cleaning time and improving cleaning efficiency and cleanliness, effectively solving the pain points of low cleaning efficiency and high operating costs of existing devices. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and form part of this specification, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this invention.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the brush head device adapted to clean crucibles of various sizes in electric arc furnaces.

[0024] in: 1 is the connecting flange; 11 is the protruding shaft; 2 is the main shaft; 21 is the shaft shoulder; 3 is the guiding and positioning mechanism; 31 is the telescopic component; 32 is the guide wheel; 33 is the fixing pin; 311 is the housing support arm; 312 is the guide wheel movable body; 313 is the T-pin; 3111 is the positioning hole; 4 is a rotating component; 41 is a bushing; 42 is a thrust bearing; 43 is a deep groove ball bearing; 44 is a washer; 45 is a retaining ring for the bore. 5 is the cleaning mechanism; 51 is the disc; 52 is the fixed wire rope brush; 53 is the mounting base; 54 is the fastening bolt; 55 is the lock nut; 6 is the locating pin. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a brush head device adapted for cleaning crucibles of various sizes in electric arc furnaces. It mainly consists of a connecting flange 1, a main shaft 2, a guide and positioning mechanism 3, and a cleaning mechanism 5. These components work together through auxiliary structures such as a rotating assembly 4 and a positioning pin 6 to achieve power connection with the crucible cleaning machine, radial positioning of crucibles of various sizes, and efficient cleaning of impurities on the inner wall. This brush head device is primarily used for efficiently and cost-effectively cleaning the metal volatiles, solidified shells, and oxides adhering to the inner wall of crucibles in vacuum consumable electric arc furnaces. Through the adjustable guide and positioning mechanism 3 and the modular cleaning mechanism 5, it adapts to crucibles of various inner diameters while effectively protecting the quality of the inner wall of expensive copper crucibles.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the connecting flange 1 serves as the power connection component between the brush head device and the crucible cleaning machine. The flange consists of a flange plate and an extension shaft 11, made of high-strength Q235 steel to ensure load-bearing capacity and durability. Multiple bolt holes are evenly spaced on the flange plate surface, allowing for a detachable connection to the crucible cleaning machine's main shaft via high-strength bolt assemblies, thus reliably transmitting rotational power and lifting motion. The extension shaft 11 is machined with internal threads and radial pin holes, which mate with the external threads and pin holes on the upper section of the main shaft 2. This connection, combining threaded connection with a positioning pin 6, achieves double fixation. This connection method ensures both the stability and coaxiality of power transmission and facilitates rapid disassembly and maintenance in the future.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the main shaft 2 is designed as a stepped shaft structure, made of 45# steel through quenching and tempering, possessing excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. The stepped shaft, from top to bottom, consists of an upper threaded section, a bearing mounting section, and a lower connecting section. The shoulder 21 of the bearing mounting section provides an axial mounting reference and support surface for the rotating assembly 4. The bottom of the lower connecting section is fixedly connected to the disc 51 of the cleaning mechanism 5 by welding (e.g., argon arc welding) to ensure connection strength. Multiple mounting seats 53 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the disc 51; in this embodiment, four seats are provided (spaced 90° apart), providing a uniform layout for fixing the wire rope brush 52. The overall stepped shaft design ensures orderly assembly of the components and provides stable support for the rotating assembly 4 and the cleaning mechanism 5.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the guide positioning mechanism 3 is rotatably mounted on the bearing mounting section of the main shaft 2 via a rotating assembly 4. The rotating assembly 4 includes a bushing 41 fitted onto the main shaft 2. Between the bushing 41 and the main shaft 2, a thrust bearing 42 and a deep groove ball bearing 43 are disposed. Both types of bearings are located on the upper part of the shoulder 21 of the main shaft 2. The lower end face of the deep groove ball bearing 43 directly abuts against the shoulder 21 and mainly bears radial loads; the thrust bearing 42 is located above the deep groove ball bearing 43 and mainly bears axial loads. A washer 44 is disposed between the thrust bearing 42 and the deep groove ball bearing 43. The top of the thrust bearing 42 is axially limited by a retaining ring 45 through a hole to the protruding shaft 11 of the connecting flange 1. During installation, the deep groove ball bearing 43 is first mounted on the main shaft 2 and positioned by the shoulder 21; then the washer 44 and the thrust bearing 42 are sequentially inserted into the inner hole of the bushing 41, and finally the retaining ring 45 is installed. After installation, the inner hole of the bushing 41 is positioned in conjunction with the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 43, and the inner ring of the thrust bearing 42 is positioned in conjunction with the outer circle of the main shaft 2. Finally, the thrust bearing 42 is pressed tightly by the end face of the extended shaft 11 of the connecting flange 1, ensuring that the guide positioning mechanism 3 does not move axially during rotation.

[0031] The actuating part of the guiding and positioning mechanism 3 is a telescopic assembly 31, which has at least one set. Each set includes symmetrically fixed and welded housing support arms 311 horizontally arranged on both sides of the bushing 41, and a guide wheel movable body 312 slidably sleeved within the housing support arm 311. The guide wheel movable body 312 and the housing support arm 311 are in clearance fit, preferably with a fit clearance of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, to ensure smooth sliding and no excessive wobbling. The guide wheel 32 is mounted to the end of the guide wheel movable body 312 by a fixing pin 33. To achieve radial adjustment, two or more positioning holes 3111 are provided at intervals along the length of the housing support arm 311. By passing the T-pin 313 through the mounting hole on the guide wheel movable body 312 and the selected different positioning holes 3111, and locking it with a cotter pin (not shown in the figure), the radial extension position of the guide wheel 32 can be quickly and accurately adjusted to adapt to crucibles with different inner diameters.

[0032] Furthermore, the guide wheel 32 of this utility model is preferably made of engineering plastic or nylon. These materials are self-lubricating, wear-resistant, and have a hardness much lower than that of the inner wall of the copper crucible. They can provide effective guidance and support while minimizing scratches or mechanical damage to the expensive crucible body.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the cleaning mechanism 5 is the direct functional component for performing the cleaning operation, comprising a disc 51 fixed to the bottom of the main shaft 2 and a plurality of mounting seats 53 arranged in a ring on it. Each mounting seat 53 has a radial through hole for inserting a wire rope brush 52 made of scrap steel wire rope. Simultaneously, the mounting seat 53 has an axial threaded hole and a fastening bolt 54 is screwed onto it. Tightening this bolt allows the wire rope brush 52 to be laterally pressed and fixed. To prevent bolt loosening under high-speed rotation and vibration conditions, the cleaning mechanism 5 is also equipped with a locking nut 55, which is threadedly connected to and tightened with the fastening bolt 54, forming a reliable double anti-loosening structure. This design allows worn wire rope brushes 52 to be quickly and independently replaced, effectively reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0034] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model.

[0035] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A brush head device adapted for cleaning crucibles of various sizes in electric arc furnaces, characterized in that, include: A connecting flange (1) is detachably connected to the main shaft of the crucible cleaning machine; Main shaft (2), the main shaft (2) is a stepped shaft, and its upper part is detachably connected to the connecting flange (1); The guide positioning mechanism (3) is rotatably mounted on the main shaft (2) via a rotating component (4). The guide positioning mechanism (3) includes a horizontally arranged telescopic component (31) and a guide wheel (32) installed at the end of the telescopic component (31). The guide wheel (32) is configured to contact the inner wall of the crucible to achieve radial positioning. The cleaning mechanism (5) includes a disc (51) fixedly disposed at the bottom of the main shaft (2), and a plurality of mounting seats (53) for fixing the wire rope brush (52) are distributed along the annular array on the disc (51).

2. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (4) includes a bushing (41) sleeved around the main shaft (2). A thrust bearing (42) and a deep groove ball bearing (43) are provided between the bushing (41) and the main shaft (2). The deep groove ball bearing (43) and the thrust bearing (42) are both located on the upper part of the shoulder (21) of the main shaft (2), and the deep groove ball bearing (43) abuts against the shoulder (21).

3. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, A washer (44) is provided between the thrust bearing (42) and the deep groove ball bearing (43). The thrust bearing (42) is provided with a hole elastic retaining ring (45) at one end away from the washer (44). The inner ring of the hole elastic retaining ring (45) abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the extension shaft (11) of the connecting flange (1), and the outer ring is embedded in a pre-set groove on the inner side of the top of the bushing (41) for axial positioning.

4. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic assembly (31) includes a housing support arm (311) that is fixedly connected to the bushing (41) and is horizontally arranged. A guide wheel movable body (312) is slidably sleeved on the housing support arm (311). The guide wheel (32) is installed at the end of the guide wheel movable body (312) by a fixing pin (33).

5. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing support arm (311) is provided with two or more positioning holes (3111) spaced apart, and the guide wheel movable body (312) is provided with corresponding mounting holes; the guide wheel movable body (312) is connected and fixed to the housing support arm (311) by a T-pin (313) passing through the mounting hole and different positioning holes (3111), and the T-pin (313) is locked by a cotter pin to realize the radial position adjustment of the guide wheel (32).

6. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide wheel movable body (312) and the housing support arm (311) are in clearance fit, with a fit clearance of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

7. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (53) has a radial through hole for inserting a wire rope brush (52) and an axial threaded hole, on which a fastening bolt (54) is screwed to press the wire rope brush (52).

8. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (5) also includes a locking nut (55), which is threadedly connected to the fastening bolt (54) to prevent the fastening bolt (54) from loosening.

9. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting flange (1) and the main shaft (2) are detachably connected by a combination of threaded connection and positioning pin (6).

10. The brush head device for cleaning crucibles of multi-specification electric arc furnaces according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The guide wheel (32) is made of engineering plastic or nylon.

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