A mold for a special-shaped grinding wheel and a forming device for a special-shaped grinding wheel

Abstract

The application relates to a mold for a special-shaped grinding wheel and a forming device for the special-shaped grinding wheel. The mold for the special-shaped grinding wheel is characterized in that a movable pressure head groove at both ends of a mold cavity and a movable template groove surrounding the mold cavity are designed on a mold main body, so that a blank in the mold cavity can simultaneously receive pressure from a first template, a second template and a plurality of pressure heads in multiple spatial directions, the pressure exerted on the blank by the pressure mode is more balanced, uniform pressure transmission to multiple spatial dimensions of the grinding wheel blank is ensured, especially the transition area between the edges and curved surfaces of the special-shaped structure is optimized, the overall compactness of the grinding wheel is highly consistent, and the problems of edge collapse and profile distortion of the special-shaped grinding wheel are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of grinding wheel manufacturing technology, and in particular relates to a mold for irregularly shaped grinding wheels and a forming device for irregularly shaped grinding wheels. Background Technology

[0002] Shaped grinding wheels are increasingly used in grinding processes across numerous fields due to their advantages, such as the ability to customize complex curved surface profiles, adapt to special workpiece geometries, and achieve efficient localized machining. Traditional shaped grinding wheels primarily rely on a bidirectional pressing process to form their shape, followed by roughing and finishing grinding to achieve the desired form. When using this method to manufacture grinding wheels requiring oscillatory grinding, the resulting unevenness has a relatively small impact on the workpiece surface quality. However, shaped grinding wheels often involve direct contact with the workpiece during grinding, resulting in inconsistent grinding forces across the entire shaped surface. This unevenness in hardness manifests as significant differences in the surface quality of the machined workpiece. It also directly affects the grinding wheel's mechanical strength, grinding stability, and service life, especially for high-precision shaped workpieces, easily leading to problems such as edge chipping and contour distortion. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a mold for a shaped grinding wheel and a forming device for a shaped grinding wheel in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing bidirectional pressing process for forming irregularly shaped grinding wheels.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] A mold for an irregularly shaped grinding wheel, comprising:

[0006] The mold body includes a mold cavity, a plurality of pressure head movable grooves surrounding the mold cavity, and template movable grooves located at both ends of the mold cavity. The mold cavity is used to accommodate blanks to form the irregular grinding wheel.

[0007] A first template and a second template; the first template and the second template are respectively installed in the template movable grooves at both ends of the mold cavity; the first template and the second template are used to move along the template movable grooves to extrude the blank in the mold cavity;

[0008] A mandrel, which passes through the center of the first template, the mold cavity, and the second template along the axial direction of the mold cavity;

[0009] A plurality of pressure heads are installed in corresponding pressure head movable slots, and the plurality of pressure heads are used to move along the pressure head movable slots to extrude the blank in the mold cavity.

[0010] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular-shaped grinding wheel of this utility model, several pressure heads are arranged along the same horizontal plane.

[0011] Preferably, the mold for the irregularly shaped grinding wheel of this utility model has four pressure heads, which are located in the front, back, left and right directions of the mold cavity, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular-shaped grinding wheel of this utility model, the main body of the mold is rectangular, and the movable groove of the pressure head is located on the front, rear, left and right walls of the main body of the mold.

[0013] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular-shaped grinding wheel of this utility model, the axis of the movable groove of the pressure head intersects with the axis of the mold cavity.

[0014] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular-shaped grinding wheel of this utility model, the cross-section of the movable groove of the template is circular, and the cross-sections of the first template and the second template are both annular.

[0015] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular-shaped grinding wheel of this utility model, the inner diameters of the first template and the second template match the outer diameter of the mandrel.

[0016] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular grinding wheel of this utility model, the cross-sectional shape of the movable groove of the pressure head is rectangular, and the length direction of the movable groove of the pressure head is horizontal.

[0017] Preferably, in the mold of the irregular-shaped grinding wheel of this utility model, the mandrel, the first template, the second template and the pressure head can all be disassembled from the mold body.

[0018] A forming device for an irregularly shaped grinding wheel includes a mold for the irregularly shaped grinding wheel and a pressure mechanism. The pressure mechanism is connected to a first template, a second template, and a pressure head, and is used to drive the first template and the second template to move along the template movable groove, and the pressure head to move along the pressure head movable groove.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by designing movable grooves for pressure heads at both ends of the mold cavity and movable grooves for templates surrounding the mold cavity on the mold body, the blank in the mold cavity can be simultaneously subjected to pressure from the first template, the second template, and several pressure heads in multiple spatial directions. This method of pressurizing the blank applies relatively balanced pressure, ensuring that the pressure is evenly transmitted to multiple spatial dimensions of the grinding wheel blank. In particular, it optimizes the corners and curved transition areas of the irregular structure, making the overall density distribution of the grinding wheel highly consistent and reducing the problems of edge chipping and contour distortion in irregular grinding wheels. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mold structure for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the compactness of existing irregular-shaped grinding wheel structures;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the density of the irregularly shaped grinding wheel structure obtained using the mold of the irregularly shaped grinding wheel in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0026] 1. First template;

[0027] 2. Press the left head;

[0028] 3. Front pressure head;

[0029] 4. Mold body;

[0030] 5. Second template;

[0031] 6. Press the right head;

[0032] 7. Rear pressure head;

[0033] 8. Core rod;

[0034] 41. Mold cavity;

[0035] 42. Press head movable groove;

[0036] 43. Template movable slot;

[0037] 100. Irregularly shaped grinding wheels. Detailed Implementation

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] Example

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in the prior art, irregularly shaped grinding wheels are mainly formed by a bidirectional pressing process. In this process, the pressure is transmitted along the central axis of the grinding wheel, which results in a difference in density between the middle area far from the point of force application and the upper and lower ends near the point of force application. This directly leads to inconsistent hardness of the grinding wheel's surface.

[0044] To address the aforementioned problems, this embodiment provides a mold for irregularly shaped grinding wheels, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes: mold body 4, first template 1, second template 5, mandrel 8, left pressure head 2, right pressure head 6, front pressure head 3 and rear pressure head 7.

[0045] The mold body 4 includes a mold cavity 41, several pressure head movable grooves 42 surrounding the mold cavity 41, and template movable grooves 43 located at both ends of the mold cavity 41. The mold cavity 41 is used to accommodate blanks to form irregularly shaped grinding wheels 100.

[0046] The first template 1 and the second template 5 are respectively installed in the template movable grooves 43 at both ends of the mold cavity 41; the first template 1 and the second template 5 are used to move along the template movable grooves 43 to squeeze the blank in the mold cavity 41.

[0047] The mandrel 8 passes through the center of the first template 1, the mold cavity 41 and the second template 5 along the axial direction of the mold cavity 41. The function of the mandrel 8 is to occupy the center of the mold cavity 41 and to make the center of the shaped grinding wheel 100 have a hole when it is formed. The mandrel 8 also provides pressure from the inside to the outside of the blank in the mold cavity 41.

[0048] Left pressure head 2, right pressure head 6, front pressure head 3 and rear pressure head 7 are respectively installed in the corresponding pressure head movable groove 42, and are used to move along the pressure head movable groove 42 to squeeze the blank in the mold cavity 41.

[0049] Understandably, in this embodiment, the contours of the left pressure head 2, right pressure head 6, front pressure head 3, rear pressure head 7, first template 1, and second template 5 facing the mold cavity 41, as well as the inner wall of the mold body 4, should match the wall of the irregular grinding wheel 100 to be formed, so as to ensure that the irregular grinding wheel 100 formed by pressing the blank in the mold cavity 41 forms a predetermined shape. The number of pressure head movable slots 42 provided in the mold body 4 is not limited to 4, and the corresponding pressure heads are not limited to left pressure head 2, right pressure head 6, front pressure head 3, and rear pressure head 7. Two, three, five, six, or seven or more pressure head movable slots 42 and pressure heads can be designed according to the actual required grinding wheel size.

[0050] The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel provided in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, by designing pressure head movable grooves 42 at both ends of the mold cavity 41 and template movable grooves 43 surrounding the mold cavity 41 on the mold body 4, the blank in the mold cavity 41 can be simultaneously subjected to pressure from the first template 1, the second template 5, and several pressure heads in multiple spatial directions. This method of pressurizing the blank applies relatively balanced pressure, ensuring that the pressure is evenly transmitted to multiple spatial dimensions of the grinding wheel blank. In particular, it optimizes the corners and curved transition areas of irregular structures, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this ensures a highly consistent overall density distribution in the grinding wheel, reducing issues such as edge chipping and contour distortion in irregularly shaped grinding wheels.

[0051] The advantages of manufacturing the shaped grinding wheel 100 using the mold of the shaped grinding wheel of this embodiment include the following aspects:

[0052] The density of the grinding wheel is comprehensively improved: the six-directional balanced pressure completely eliminates the pressing dead angles on the grinding wheel surface during traditional pressing, ensuring that the density of irregularly shaped grinding wheels is highly uniform from flat to curved surfaces, and the density gradient from the core to the edge is controllable.

[0053] Grinding wheel structural strength optimization: Uniform density distribution significantly improves the overall mechanical strength and impact resistance of the grinding wheel, reducing the risk of cracking during processing.

[0054] Grinding wheel precision assurance: Avoids differences in elastic deformation caused by uneven density, ensuring the machining accuracy and stability of irregular contours.

[0055] The lifespan of the grinding wheel is significantly extended: the uniform wear characteristics reduce the probability of premature local failure and extend the service life of the grinding wheel.

[0056] Wide applicability: It can be adapted to the precision manufacturing of various irregularly shaped grinding wheels such as complex gears, spiral grooves, and asymmetrical curved surfaces.

[0057] Grinding wheel manufacturing cost is low: because the forming mold is close to the outline of the workpiece, the post-processing cost is low and the efficiency is higher, and the dimensional accuracy is better controlled.

[0058] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, several pressure heads are arranged along the same horizontal plane. Under this structure, all pressure heads are at the same horizontal height, and the pressure applied to the blank in the mold cavity 41 is more uniform.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are four pressure heads, located in the front, rear, left, and right directions of the mold cavity 41, respectively. In this embodiment, by setting pressure heads in the front, rear, left, and right directions, it is easy to connect the pressure heads with the drive mechanisms in the X and Y vertical directions, thus facilitating driving.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the mold body 4 is rectangular in shape, and the pressure head movable grooves 42 are located on the front, rear, left, and right walls of the mold body 4. In this embodiment, by designing the mold body 4 as a regular rectangular shape, it is easier to process and manufacture the mold body 4, and the difficulty in design, manufacturing, and assembly is reduced.

[0061] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the axis of the pressure head movable groove 42 intersects the axis of the mold cavity 41. In this embodiment, this layout enables the force applied to the blank by each pressure head to pass through the center of the shaped grinding wheel 100 to be formed, making the structural density distribution of the shaped grinding wheel 100 in all directions more uniform.

[0062] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the cross-section of the template movable groove 43 is circular, and the cross-sections of the first template 1 and the second template 5 are both annular. In this embodiment, the template movable groove 43 is designed to be circular, which is more compatible with the shape characteristics of the grinding wheel, facilitates the addition of blank material, and facilitates the cooperation of the first template 1 and the second template 5. The circular design of the first template 1 and the second template 5 also facilitates the installation of the mandrel 8.

[0063] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the inner diameters of the first template 1 and the second template 5 match the outer diameter of the mandrel 8. In this embodiment, the mandrel 8 not only functions to shape the irregular grinding wheel 100, but also guides the first template 1 and the second template 5, so that the first template 1 and the second template 5 move with higher straightness during operation, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the irregular grinding wheel 100 after shaping.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the pressure head movable groove 42 is rectangular, and the length direction of the pressure head movable groove 42 is horizontal. In this embodiment, by designing the length direction of the pressure head movable groove 42 to extend horizontally, the coverage length of the pressure head wall surface in the circumferential direction of the mold cavity 41 can be increased, which is beneficial to increasing the force application area on the blank in the mold cavity 41 and improving the uniformity of force application.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the mandrel 8, the first template 1, the second template 5, and the pressure head can all be disassembled from the mold body 4 to facilitate the replacement of the pressure head and the rapid switching of different irregular grinding wheel profiles.

[0066] This embodiment provides a forming apparatus for irregularly shaped grinding wheels, including the aforementioned mold for irregularly shaped grinding wheels, and a pressurizing mechanism. The pressurizing mechanism is connected to a first template 1, a second template 5, and a press head, and is used to drive the first template 1 and the second template 5 to move along the template movable groove 43, and the press head to move along the press head movable groove 42. This forming apparatus provides a driving force through the pressurizing mechanism to drive the first template 1, the second template 5, and the press head to move, so as to manufacture the irregularly shaped grinding wheel 100 using the aforementioned mold of this embodiment.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the molding apparatus of this embodiment includes six independently controllable hydraulic / pneumatic pressurization units, which directly or indirectly drive the first template 1, the second template 5, and the press head.

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing an irregularly shaped grinding wheel 100 using the forming device, including the following steps:

[0069] Blank filling: Assemble the second template 5, several pressure heads and mandrels 8, and reserve the template movable groove 43 at the upper end of the mold body 4 as the feed port. Each pressure head leaves a consistent compression stroke amount (take 10~20%) according to the height of the grinding wheel, the ring width and the bulk density of the powder. Fill the mold cavity 41 with the uniformly mixed grinding wheel abrasive and binder through the feed port, and stir or vibrate to spread it flat.

[0070] Six-sided synchronous pressing: The first template 1 is placed into the feed port, and the pressurizing mechanism is started. The first template 1, the second template 5, the left press head 2, the right press head 6, the front press head 3 and the rear press head 7 apply pressure to the central billet synchronously according to the preset pressure curve (pre-pressing → uniform pressing → holding pressure) and hold pressure for a specific time.

[0071] Demolding and curing: After the pressure is released, the grinding wheel blank is ejected from the opposite direction of the feed, and the irregular grinding wheel 100 is completed through sintering, hardening and other processes.

[0072] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments according to this application, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this application. The technical scope of this application is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mold for an irregularly shaped grinding wheel, characterized in that, include: The mold body (4) includes a mold cavity (41), a plurality of pressure head movable grooves (42) surrounding the mold cavity (41), and template movable grooves (43) located at both ends of the mold cavity (41). The mold cavity (41) is used to accommodate blanks to form the irregular grinding wheel. First template (1), second template (5); the first template (1) and the second template (5) are respectively installed in the template movable grooves (43) at both ends of the mold cavity (41); The first template (1) and the second template (5) are used to move along the template movable groove (43) to extrude the blank in the mold cavity (41); A mandrel (8) passes through the center of the first template (1), the mold cavity (41), and the second template (5) along the axial direction of the mold cavity (41); A plurality of pressure heads are installed in corresponding pressure head movable grooves (42), and the plurality of pressure heads are used to move along the pressure head movable grooves (42) to squeeze the blank in the mold cavity (41).

2. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several pressure heads are arranged along the same horizontal plane.

3. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are four pressure heads, located in the front, back, left and right directions of the mold cavity (41).

4. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mold body (4) is rectangular in shape, and the pressure head movable groove (42) is located on the front, back, left and right walls of the mold body (4).

5. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The axis of the movable groove of the pressure head (42) intersects the axis of the mold cavity (41).

6. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the movable groove (43) of the template is circular, and the cross-sections of the first template (1) and the second template (5) are both annular.

7. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner diameters of the first template (1) and the second template (5) match the outer diameter of the mandrel (8).

8. The mold for the irregular-shaped grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the movable groove (42) of the pressure head is rectangular, and the length direction of the movable groove (42) of the pressure head is horizontal.

9. The mold for the irregularly shaped grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The mandrel (8), the first template (1), the second template (5) and the pressure head can all be disassembled from the mold body (4).

10. A forming device for irregularly shaped grinding wheels, characterized in that, The mold for the irregularly shaped grinding wheel as described in any one of claims 1-9 further includes a pressure mechanism, which is connected to the first template (1), the second template (5) and the pressure head, for driving the first template (1) and the second template (5) to move along the template movable groove (43) and the pressure head to move along the pressure head movable groove (42).

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