Cutting tool, ultrasonic machining apparatus, and machine tool

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machining, and discloses a cutting tool, ultrasonic machining equipment and a machine tool. The cutting tool comprises a tool handle, a tool edge, the tool edge is fixedly arranged on the tool handle, the tool edge comprises a blade body and a reinforcing part which are connected with each other, the reinforcing part is fixedly connected with the tool handle, the reinforcing part has first and second side walls which are parallel to each other, the blade body is provided with a main cutting edge and an auxiliary cutting edge in sequence, the auxiliary cutting edge is arranged at an end of the blade body which is away from the reinforcing part, a tool tip is formed at the abutting position of the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge, the rake face of the main cutting edge and the rake face of the auxiliary cutting edge are located on the same side of the blade body, a plane which is parallel to the first and second side walls and in which the center axis of the tool handle is located is a center plane, and the relief face of the main cutting edge has an included angle with the center plane. Thus, by arranging asymmetric rake faces on the two sides of the main cutting edge, the thickness size of the blade body can be reduced, so that the extrusion degree of a workpiece during cutting of the cutting tool can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a cutting tool, an ultrasonic machining device, and a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] NOMEX (poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber) honeycomb material is a composite material with a porous thin-walled honeycomb structure. The honeycomb material contains a large number of fibers and is a weak stiffness material, which is very easy to deform, squeeze and tear during the cutting and processing.

[0003] Before curing, carbon fiber prepreg has high tensile strength and is prone to elastic deformation. During the cutting process, it is very easy to cause defects such as deformation, delamination and burrs on the cut surface.

[0004] In related technologies, when existing ultrasonic processing equipment processes honeycomb materials and carbon fiber prepregs, the cutting blades of these equipment often have symmetrical bi-directional cutting edges with both sides having the same inclination angle. To ensure the smooth formation of the cutting edges, the cutting blade body needs to have a large thickness, causing the cutting blade to squeeze the workpiece during cutting and resulting in deformation defects. Furthermore, when cutting complex surfaces, especially internal cavities and curved surfaces, the bi-directional cutting edge is affected by the tool width, making it prone to interference when processing small-radius arcs and curved surface features. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to reduce the thickness of the cutting blade, thereby reducing the degree of compression on the workpiece during cutting and minimizing deformation defects. Another purpose of this application is to reduce interference between the workpiece and the cutting tool in complex surface cutting processes, particularly when machining small-radius arcs and curved surface features.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a cutting tool.

[0007] This application further provides an ultrasonic processing device.

[0008] This application further provides a machine tool.

[0009] According to the cutting tool of this application, the cutting tool includes: a shank; a cutting edge, the cutting edge being fixedly disposed on the shank, the cutting edge including a blade body and a reinforcing portion connected to each other, the reinforcing portion being fixedly connected to the shank, and the reinforcing portion having a first sidewall and a second sidewall parallel to each other along the thickness direction of the reinforcing portion; the blade body being located on the side of the reinforcing portion away from the shank, the blade body being provided with a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge being disposed adjacent to each other, the secondary cutting edge being disposed at the end of the blade body away from the reinforcing portion, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge being disposed at the end of the blade body away from the reinforcing portion, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge being disposed at the end of the blade body away from the reinforcing portion, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge being disposed at the end of the blade body away from the reinforcing portion, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge being disposed at the end of the blade body away from the reinforcing portion, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge being disposed at the end of the blade body away from the reinforcing portion, the blade body ... The cutting edge forms a cutting tip at the junction of the cutting edges. The rake face of the main cutting edge and the rake face of the secondary cutting edge are located on the same side of the cutting body. The central plane is the plane where the central axis of the tool holder is located and is parallel to the first side wall and the second side wall. The flank face of the main cutting edge has an angle with the central plane. Based on the deflection reference of the cutting edge of the main cutting edge, the flank face of the main cutting edge deflects the rake face of the main cutting edge. The cutting body has a clearance notch on the side away from the main cutting edge. The clearance notch extends from the end of the cutting body near the reinforcing part to the secondary cutting edge.

[0010] According to the cutting tool of this application, by setting asymmetrical cutting faces on both sides of the main cutting edge, the thickness of the cutting edge can be reduced compared with the prior art. This reduces the degree of compression on the workpiece during cutting, thereby minimizing the risk of deformation defects. Furthermore, by setting an avoidance notch on the side opposite to the main cutting edge while maintaining a shorter secondary cutting edge, interference between the tool and the material being cut is cleverly reduced, while the downward cutting function of the secondary cutting edge is preserved. This makes the tool's entry into the material smoother and more flexible, significantly improving the tool's cutting capability and machining accuracy.

[0011] In some examples of this application, the angle between the flank face of the main cutting edge and the center plane is α, and α satisfies the relationship: 0.5°≤α≤20°.

[0012] In some examples of this application, the reinforcing part is connected to the blade body by a first transition part, the first transition part having a first transition arc surface, one end of the first transition arc surface being connected to the edge of the first sidewall, the other end of the first transition arc surface being connected to the edge of the corresponding sidewall of the blade body, the first transition arc surface being recessed toward the inner side of the first transition part, and / or, one end of the first transition arc surface being connected to the edge of the second sidewall, the other end of the first transition arc surface being connected to the edge of the corresponding other sidewall of the blade body, the first transition arc surface being recessed toward the inner side of the first transition part.

[0013] In some examples of this application, the included angle between the primary cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is β, and β satisfies the relationship: 60°≤β≤90°.

[0014] In some examples of this application, the length dimension of the cutting edge is L, the width dimension of the main cutting edge is W, the thickness dimension of the cutting edge is H, and the ratio between the length dimension of the secondary cutting edge and the length dimension of the main cutting edge is A. L, W, H and A satisfy the following relationships: 10mm≤L≤30mm, 1.5mm≤W≤4.5mm, 0.5mm≤H≤5mm, 0.05≤A≤0.2.

[0015] In some examples of this application, the main cutting edge has an included angle γ with the central axis of the tool holder. From the direction near the reinforcing part to the direction away from the reinforcing part, the main cutting edge is inclined toward the side away from the Y-direction feed direction of the cutting tool. The Y-direction feed direction is parallel to the central plane and perpendicular to the central axis of the tool holder. The main cutting edge is located at the end of the cutting body facing the Y-direction feed direction. γ satisfies the relationship: 3°≤γ≤45°.

[0016] In some examples of this application, the knife handle includes a clamping section and a connecting section fixedly connected to each other. The connecting section is located on the side of the clamping section away from the cutting edge. The clamping section has two clamping surfaces that are parallel to each other and spaced apart. The outer peripheral wall of the connecting section is provided with external threads, and a second transition arc surface is provided between the connecting section and the clamping section. The clamping section is constructed as a rotating body with the central axis of the knife handle as its axis of rotation, and the clamping surface is located on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating body. The outer diameter of the clamping section is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting section, so that a positioning plane is formed on the end wall of the clamping section near the connecting section.

[0017] In some examples of this application, a second transition portion is connected between the handle and the blade. The second transition portion has a retraction arc surface. One end of the retraction arc surface is connected to the edge of the first sidewall, and the other end of the retraction arc surface is connected to the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle. The retraction arc surface is recessed towards the inner side of the second transition portion. And / or, one end of the retraction arc surface is connected to the edge of the second sidewall, and the other end of the retraction arc surface is connected to the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle. The retraction arc surface is recessed towards the inner side of the second transition portion.

[0018] The ultrasonic processing equipment according to this application includes the aforementioned cutting tool.

[0019] The ultrasonic processing equipment according to this application includes an electrical transmission device, a transducer, and an amplitude transformer. The electrical transmission device is electrically connected to the transducer, and the transducer is connected to one end of the amplitude transformer. The ultrasonic processing equipment is also provided with a cutting tool, which is connected to the other end of the amplitude transformer. By setting asymmetrical cutting edges on both sides of the main cutting edge, the thickness of the cutting edge can be reduced compared with the prior art, thereby reducing the degree of extrusion on the workpiece when the cutting tool cuts the workpiece, and thus minimizing the occurrence of deformation defects in the workpiece.

[0020] The machine tool according to this application includes: a machine tool body; the ultrasonic processing equipment described above, wherein the ultrasonic processing equipment is connected and cooperates with the machine tool body, and the machine tool body is used to drive the ultrasonic processing equipment to move along the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0021] According to the machine tool of this application, the machine tool is equipped with an ultrasonic machining device, and the ultrasonic machining device is equipped with a cutting tool. When the machine tool uses the ultrasonic machining device to process the workpiece, by setting asymmetrical cutting edges on both sides of the main cutting edge, the thickness of the cutting edge can be reduced compared with the prior art. This reduces the degree of compression on the workpiece during cutting, thereby minimizing the possibility of workpiece deformation defects. Simultaneously, by setting an avoidance notch on the side opposite to the main cutting edge and maintaining a shorter secondary cutting edge, the interference of the tool with the material being cut can be cleverly reduced, while maintaining the cutting function of the secondary cutting edge. This makes the tool's entry into the material smoother and more flexible, significantly improving the tool's cutting ability and machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cutting tool according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool from another angle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the cutting tool according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view at point AA;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0028] In the diagram, 100 represents the cutting tool;

[0029] 1. Tool holder; 11. Clamping section; 111. Clamping surface; 12. Connecting section; 13. Second transition arc surface; 14. Positioning plane;

[0030] 2. Cutting edge; 21. Cutting body; 211. Main cutting edge; 212. Secondary cutting edge; 213. Cutting tip; 214. Rake face of the main cutting edge; 215. Flank face of the main cutting edge; 216. Clearance notch;

[0031] 22. Reinforcing section; 221. First sidewall; 222. Second sidewall; 23. Center plane; 24. First transition section; 241. First transition arc surface;

[0032] 3. Second transition section; 31. Retraction arc surface. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0034] like Figures 1-6 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a cutting tool 100, which is installed on an ultrasonic processing equipment. The ultrasonic processing equipment also includes a device body, which is adapted to be connected and cooperated with the machine tool body. The machine tool body drives the device body to move the cutting tool 100 along the surface to be processed, so that the cutting tool 100 can cut the workpiece. It should be noted that the cutting tool 100 of this application can be made of cemented carbide or high-speed steel. The cutting tool 100 of this application is suitable for processing workpieces such as NOMEX honeycomb materials and carbon fiber prepreg.

[0035] The device body is equipped with a transducer and an amplitude transformer. The cutting tool 100 is installed at the end of the ultrasonic processing equipment. The amplitude transformer is connected between the transducer and the cutting tool 100. The transducer is used to convert electrical energy into high-frequency vibration. The amplitude transformer is used to transmit vibration and amplify the vibration amplitude generated by the transducer. The tool can receive vibration and process the workpiece.

[0036] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the cutting tool 100 according to an embodiment of this application includes a tool holder 1 and a cutting edge 2. One end of the tool holder 1 is used for mounting the cutting tool 100 on an ultrasonic processing device. Specifically, the cutting tool 100 can be mounted on the ultrasonic processing device by connecting and cooperating with the amplitude transformer of the tool holder 1.

[0037] Furthermore, the blade 2 is fixed to the other end of the handle 1. The blade 2 includes a blade body 21 and a reinforcing part 22 connected to each other. The reinforcing part 22 is fixedly connected to the handle 1. The blade body 21 is located on the side of the reinforcing part 22 away from the handle 1. The reinforcing part 22 can make the thickness change between the handle 1 and the blade body 21 more gradual. The reinforcing part 22 is used to improve the structural strength of the blade body 21 to prevent the blade body 21 from bending and deforming.

[0038] Along the thickness direction of the reinforcing portion 22, the reinforcing portion 22 has a first sidewall 221 and a second sidewall 222 that are parallel to each other. It should be noted that the thickness direction of the reinforcing portion 22 can refer to... Figure 2 In the left and right direction, the first sidewall 221 of the reinforcing part 22 can refer to Figure 1 The right side wall of the middle reinforcing part 22, the second side wall 222 of the reinforcing part 22 can refer to Figure 2 The left side wall of the central reinforcing section 22.

[0039] Furthermore, the cutting body 21 is provided with a main cutting edge 211 and a secondary cutting edge 212, which are arranged adjacent to each other. The secondary cutting edge 212 is located at the end of the cutting body 21 away from the reinforcing part 22, that is, the secondary cutting edge 212 is located at... Figure 2 At the lower end of the middle cutting edge 21, the main cutting edge 211 is located at the front end of the cutting edge 21. One end of the main cutting edge 211 extends to the reinforcing part 22, and the other end of the main cutting edge 211 forms a cutting tip 213 at the junction with the secondary cutting edge 212. When the cutting tool 100 is driven and moves along the Z-direction feed direction, the cutting tip 213 first contacts the workpiece and penetrates into the workpiece. Then, the main cutting edge 211 and the secondary cutting edge 212 cut the workpiece together along the thickness direction of the workpiece. When the cutting tool 100 is driven and moves along the Y-direction feed direction, the main cutting edge 211 cuts the workpiece along the length or width direction of the workpiece.

[0040] Among them, the Z-axis feed direction can be the same as... Figure 2 The vertical direction is parallel or approximately parallel, and the Y-axis feed direction is parallel to... Figure 2 The cutting edges are parallel in the front and rear directions, and the main cutting edge 211 is located at the end of the cutting body 21 facing the Y-direction feed direction. It should be noted that the X, Y, and Z axes are feed directions determined based on the cutting tool 100, which is for the convenience of describing the cutting direction of the cutting tool 100. This feed direction is different from the feed direction determined based on the X, Y, and Z axes of the machine tool in the actual machining process. In the actual machining process, the feed direction determined based on the X, Y, and Z axes of the machine tool shall prevail.

[0041] The rake face 214 of the main cutting edge and the rake face of the secondary cutting edge 212 are located on the same side of the cutting body 21. The plane containing the central axis of the tool holder 1 and parallel to the first and second sidewalls 221 and 222 of the reinforcing part 22 is the center plane 23. The flank face 215 of the main cutting edge has an angle with the center plane 23. The angle α between the flank face 215 and the center plane 23 is smaller than the angle between the rake face 214 and the center plane 23. The cutting edge of the main cutting edge 211 is used as the deflection reference. The rake face 214 of the main cutting edge is deflected towards the main cutting edge. This arrangement allows for different inclinations on both sides of the main cutting edge 211. The rake face 214 of the main cutting edge is positioned opposite the scrap material being cut from the workpiece, while the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge is positioned opposite the portion of the workpiece remaining after machining. Because the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge has an angle with the center plane 23, the contact area between the portion of the workpiece remaining after machining and the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge is smaller, thereby reducing the degree of compression on the workpiece when the cutting tool 100 cuts the workpiece. The cutting edge is the solid portion connecting the rake face 214 and the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge.

[0042] Therefore, by providing non-parallel cutting faces on both sides of the main cutting edge 211, the thickness of the cutting edge 21 can be reduced compared to the prior art. This reduces the pressure exerted on the workpiece during cutting by the cutting tool 100, thereby minimizing the risk of workpiece deformation defects. Furthermore, the aforementioned improvements optimize the machining stability and efficiency of the cutting tool 100. In addition, the larger angle between the rake face 214 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23 ensures that the main cutting edge 211 can cut and separate the workpiece, while also ensuring that the cutting edge 21 has a sufficiently large thickness to prevent bending and breakage during workpiece machining.

[0043] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the angle between the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23 is α, and α satisfies the relationship: 0.5°≤α≤20°. Figure 5 A parallel plane parallel to the center plane 23 is provided on the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge. The angle between the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the parallel plane is α. Therefore, the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23 have an angle α. By setting an angle between the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23, the cutting tool 100 does not need to add an additional side tilt angle during the cutting process. The cutting tool 100 can closely fit the cutting surface of the workpiece, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the ultrasonic machining equipment.

[0044] Therefore, when the angle α between the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23 is too small (e.g., less than 0.5°), the cutting tool 100 needs to add an additional side angle before machining the workpiece, resulting in an angle between the main cutting edge 211 and the upper end face of the workpiece, leading to a decrease in the machining accuracy of the workpiece. When the angle α between the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23 is too large (e.g., greater than 20°), the cutting edge thickness will be too small, resulting in insufficient strength of the cutting body 21 at the main cutting edge 211, and the cutting edge of the cutting body 21 is prone to chipping. By setting the angle α between the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge and the center plane 23 to 0.5° to 20°, the machining accuracy of the cutting tool 100 can be effectively improved while ensuring that the thickness of the cutting tool 100 is appropriate.

[0045] According to some specific embodiments of this application, the angle between the flank face 215 and the rake face of the main cutting edge is 15° to 40°. When the angle α between the flank face 215 and the center plane 23 of the main cutting edge increases, the angle between the rake face 214 and the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge decreases accordingly. This helps to control the thickness of the cutting edge 21 and also enables the main cutting edge 211 to have good sharpness, while ensuring rigidity and strength and avoiding chipping.

[0046] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a first transition portion 24 connects the reinforcing portion 22 and the blade body 21. The first transition portion 24 has a first transition arc surface 241. One end of the first transition arc surface 241 is connected to the edge of the first sidewall 221, and the other end of the first transition arc surface 241 is connected to the edge of the corresponding sidewall of the blade body 21. The first transition arc surface 241 is recessed towards the inner side of the first transition portion 24. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the first transition arc surface 241 is connected to the side wall of the cutting edge 21 where the rake face 214 with the main cutting edge is located. In some other embodiments, one end of the first transition arc surface 241 is connected to the edge of the second side wall 222, and the other end of the first transition arc surface 241 is connected to the edge of the corresponding side wall of the cutting edge 21. The first transition arc surface 241 is recessed towards the inner side of the first transition portion 24. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the first transition arc surface 241 is connected to the side wall of the cutting edge 21 where the flank face 215 with the main cutting edge is located. Of course, in some embodiments, the first transition arc surface 241 is provided on both sides of the first transition portion 24.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, a first transition arc surface 241 is provided between the edge of the first sidewall 221 and the edge of the sidewall of the blade 21, and between the edge of the second sidewall 222 and the edge of the sidewall of the blade 21. The first transition portion 241 enables a smooth transition between the outer wall of the reinforcing portion 22 and the outer wall of the blade 21, thus preventing the formation of a step at the connection between the reinforcing portion 22 and the blade 21, reducing the likelihood of workpiece deformation defects due to compression. Furthermore, the curvature of the first transition arc surface 241 can be set as gently as possible, thereby extending the effective cutting length of the main cutting edge.

[0048] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the included angle between the main cutting edge 211 and the secondary cutting edge 212 is β, where β satisfies the relationship: 60°≤β≤90°. Specifically, when the included angle β between the main cutting edge 211 and the secondary cutting edge 212 is too small (i.e., when β is less than 60°), although the included angle between the secondary cutting edge 212 and the upper end face of the workpiece is larger, and the secondary cutting edge 212 has higher sharpness, making it easier for the cutting tool 100 to penetrate the workpiece, it results in a narrower local width of the cutting edge 21 and poorer rigidity of the cutting edge 21. This makes the cutting tool 100 prone to bending and deformation during workpiece processing, and also causes greater runout of the cutting tool 100, thus reducing the cutting accuracy of the cutting tool 100. It should be noted that the width direction of the cutting edge 21 can refer to... Figure 2 The front and back directions in the middle.

[0049] Conversely, when the included angle β between the main cutting edge 211 and the secondary cutting edge 212 is too large—specifically, when the included angle β is greater than 90°—although the local width of the cutting edge 21 is relatively wide and the cutting edge 21 has good rigidity, the cutting tool 100 is not prone to bending or deformation when machining the workpiece. However, when cutting inside the cavity structure of the workpiece, if the secondary cutting edge 212 needs to be engaged, the shank 1 and the reinforcing part 22 of the cutting tool 100 will press against the workpiece. Therefore, by setting the included angle β between the main cutting edge 211 and the secondary cutting edge 212 to 60°–90°, the cutting tool 100 can possess both good rigidity and high sharpness, resulting in better workpiece machining performance.

[0050] like Figures 1-3As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the cutting body 21 may have a clearance notch 216 on the side opposite to the main cutting edge 211 (i.e., the rear side of the cutting body 21). The clearance notch 216 extends from the end of the cutting body 21 near the reinforcing part 22 to the secondary cutting edge 212, that is, from the rear end of the cutting body 21 to the secondary cutting edge 212. When the cutting tool 100 extends into the workpiece to cut the workpiece, the clearance notch 216 can avoid some structures inside the workpiece, which can reduce the interference between the workpiece and the side wall of the cutting body 21. The cutting body 21 can cut the material more flexibly inside the workpiece, which can improve the machining accuracy of the cutting tool 100 and enable the cutting tool 100 to cut more complex edge shapes on the workpiece.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the length dimension of the cutting edge 21 is L, the width dimension of the main cutting edge 211 is W, and the thickness dimension of the cutting edge 21 is H. At the same time, the thickness of the cutting edge is constant along the length extension direction of the main cutting edge 211, that is, the thickness of the solid part between the rake face 214 and the flank face 215 of the main cutting edge is constant along the axial direction of the cutting tool 100. The ratio between the length dimension of the secondary cutting edge 212 and the length dimension of the main cutting edge 211 is A. L, W, H and A satisfy the following relationship: 10mm≤L≤30mm, 1.5mm≤W≤4.5mm, 0.5mm≤H≤5mm, 0.05≤A≤0.2.

[0052] The length of the cutting edge 21 can be adjusted according to the clearance requirements within the workpiece. If the workpiece's preset cutting shape contains areas with large curvature, an excessively large clearance notch 216 will result in insufficient strength of the cutting edge 21, limiting the clearance space. To maximize the space occupied by the clearance notch 216 on the cutting edge 21, allowing for clearance of more material within the workpiece, and to prevent the cutting edge 21 from breaking near the tip 213, the length of the cutting edge 21 needs to be reduced accordingly. In this case, the cutting edge 21 can process workpieces with smaller thicknesses, making it easier for the cutting tool 100 to cut material within the workpiece. The thickness of the cutting edge 21 can be appropriately reduced to decrease the pressure on the cutting surface of the workpiece.

[0053] Conversely, if there is a region with a small curvature in the preset cutting shape of the workpiece, the space required for the avoidance notch 216 on the blade body 21 is reduced, and the length of the blade body 21 can be increased accordingly. At this time, the thickness of the workpiece that the blade body 21 can process is larger, and the cutting tool 100 is not easy to cut the material in the workpiece. The thickness of the blade body 21 can be appropriately increased to ensure that the blade body 21 has sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0054] The width of the main cutting edge 211 is determined based on the width of the clearance notch 216. In order to maximize the clearance while ensuring the support effect on the main cutting edge 211, in some preferred embodiments, the width of the main cutting edge 211 can be 2mm to 3mm. At this time, the clearance and support effect of the cutting tool 100 are better.

[0055] Simultaneously, as the length of the main cutting edge of the cutting body 21 increases, the ratio of the length of the secondary cutting edge 212 to the length of the main cutting edge 211 decreases accordingly, and thus the ratio A between the lengths of the secondary cutting edge 212 and the main cutting edge 211 decreases accordingly. Conversely, as the length of the main cutting edge 211 of the cutting body 21 decreases, the ratio of the length of the secondary cutting edge 212 to the length of the effective cutting edge increases accordingly, and thus the ratio A between the lengths of the secondary cutting edge 212 and the main cutting edge 211 increases accordingly. By making more precise adjustments to the length and width dimensions of the cutting body 21 based on the ratio A between the lengths of the secondary cutting edge 212 and the main cutting edge 211, the cutting tool 100 can achieve both good clearance and cutting performance.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the main cutting edge 211 has an included angle γ with the central axis of the tool holder 1. From the direction near the reinforcing part 22 to the direction away from the reinforcing part 22, the main cutting edge 211 is inclined toward the Y-direction feed direction of the cutting tool 100. The Y-direction feed direction is parallel to the central plane 23. When the cutting tool 100 moves forward along the Y-direction feed direction, this design can make the force angle of the main cutting edge 211 more reasonable, thereby preventing the connection between the blade body 21 and the reinforcing part 22 from breaking.

[0057] Furthermore, γ satisfies the relationship: 3°≤γ≤45°. When the angle γ between the main cutting edge 211 and the central axis of the tool holder 1 is too small, specifically, when the angle γ is less than 3°, it can be approximated as having no cutting angle. During machining, the contact area between the cutting edge (i.e., the main cutting edge 211 and the secondary cutting edge 212) and the workpiece is larger, resulting in greater cutting resistance. Correspondingly, burrs are easily formed on the edge of the workpiece during feed. In addition, although the machine tool can adjust the cutting angle of the cutting tool 100, if the angle is too small, the thickness of the workpiece being cut also decreases, which will affect the cutting efficiency and effect of the cutting tool 100. When the angle γ between the main cutting edge 211 and the central axis of the tool holder 1 is too large, specifically, when the angle γ is greater than 45°, the cutting edge length of the cutting tool 100 is shorter, which will affect the cutting efficiency and effect of the cutting tool 100. In summary, under the cutting angle γ of this application, the feed resistance is appropriate, and the workpiece is not prone to burrs. At the same time, the thickness of the workpiece being cut is relatively large, and the cutting efficiency and effect of the cutting tool 100 can be guaranteed.

[0058] Therefore, setting the included angle γ between the main cutting edge 211 and the central axis of the tool holder 1 to 3° to 45° can make the magnitude of the frictional force and the length of the cutting edge on both sides of the cutting edge 21 more reasonable. In some more preferred embodiments, the included angle γ between the main cutting edge 211 and the central axis of the tool holder 1 can be set to 5° to 25°.

[0059] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the tool holder 1 includes a clamping section 11 and a connecting section 12 that are fixedly connected to each other. The connecting section 12 is located on the side of the clamping section 11 away from the cutting edge 2. The connecting section 12 can be used to connect and cooperate with the amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic processing equipment. Specifically, the amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic processing equipment has a connecting hole at the end near the cutting tool 100. The connecting section 12 extends into the connecting hole so that the connecting section 12 is connected and cooperated with the amplitude transformer. Thus, the cutting tool 100 is indirectly connected and cooperated with the transducer through the amplitude transformer. In this way, the transducer can transmit vibration to the cutting tool 100 through the connecting section 12. When the ultrasonic processing equipment is driven, the cutting tool 100 is driven to move relative to the workpiece to be processed through the connecting section 12.

[0060] And, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the clamping section 11 has two parallel and spaced clamping surfaces 111. The clamping surfaces 111 are parallel to the center plane 23. The clamping surfaces 111 can be clamped and engaged with a clamping tool, such as a wrench or a robotic arm. The clamping tool uses the two clamping surfaces 111 to clamp the cutting tool 100, and then drives the cutting tool 100 to move relative to the amplitude transformer. The clamped cutting tool 100 can be installed on the amplitude transformer or removed from the amplitude transformer, thereby achieving the technical effect of the cutting tool 100 being replaceable on the ultrasonic processing equipment.

[0061] Furthermore, the outer peripheral wall of the connecting section 12 may be provided with external threads, and the connecting hole of the amplitude transformer rod is correspondingly provided with internal threads. The connecting section 12 and the amplitude transformer rod are connected and fitted by a threaded connection. The clamping tool can rotate the cutting tool 100 to make the cutting tool 100 move relative to the amplitude transformer rod. In addition, a second transition arc surface 13 is provided between the connecting section 12 and the clamping section 11. The second transition arc surface 13 can make the connection between the connecting section 12 and the clamping section 11 smooth, so that the connection between the connecting section 12 and the clamping section 11 is easy to be machined and formed.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the clamping section 11 is constructed as a rotating body with the central axis of the tool holder 1 as its axis of rotation, and the clamping surface 111 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating body. The rotating body can be a cylinder, a polygon (e.g., a hexagon), or a combination of both. The rotating body can make the weight of the clamping section 11 more balanced, and the clamping surface 111 can be formed by removing part of the material from the outer peripheral wall of the rotating body.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the outer diameter of the clamping section 11 is larger than that of the connecting section 12, so that the end wall of the clamping section 11 near the connecting section 12 forms a positioning plane 14. The positioning plane 14 can abut against the end wall of the amplitude transformer near the cutting tool 100, ensuring that the transducer, amplitude transformer, and tool holder 1 are precisely coaxially arranged, which can improve the installation accuracy of the cutting tool 100 on the ultrasonic processing equipment, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the cutting tool 100. The positioning plane 14 is also used to transmit the vibration of the amplitude transformer to the cutting blade 21.

[0064] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a second transition portion 3 connects the handle 1 and the blade 2. The second transition portion 3 has a retraction arc surface 31. One end of the retraction arc surface 31 is connected to the edge of the first sidewall 221, and the other end is connected to the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle 1. The retraction arc surface 31 is recessed towards the inner side of the second transition portion 3. Alternatively, one end of the retraction arc surface 31 is connected to the edge of the second sidewall 222, and the other end is connected to the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle 1. The retraction arc surface 31 is recessed towards the inner side of the second transition portion 3. In some preferred embodiments, retraction arc surfaces 31 are connected between the edge of the first sidewall 221 and the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle 1, and between the edge of the second sidewall 222 and the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle 1. The second transition portion 3 allows for a smooth transition between the handle 1 and the blade 2, and it supports the blade 2 to improve the strength of the connection between the handle 1 and the blade 2. Furthermore, the retraction arc surface 31 makes it easier for the cutting tool 100 to move away from the workpiece after machining.

[0065] The machining process of the cutting tool 100 in this application is as follows: During the machining of the workpiece using ultrasonic machining equipment, the transducer causes the cutting tool 100 to vibrate at a high frequency along the axial direction of the tool holder 1 at an ultrasonic frequency, causing the cutting tool 100 to cut the workpiece. The machine tool body controls the cutting tool 100 to feed in the X-axis and Y-axis feed directions, and controls the cutting tool 100 to rotate around the Z-axis perpendicular to the X and Y axes, thereby controlling the cutting direction of the cutting tool 100. The X-axis feed direction, Y-axis feed direction, and Z-axis feed direction are arranged perpendicularly to each other. By rotating the cutting tool 100 around the Z-axis, it is also ensured that the orientation of the main cutting edge 211 and the direction of the cutting surface generated by the cutting tool 100 are consistent with the feed direction of the cutting tool 100.

[0066] Furthermore, the machine tool body controls the cutting tool 100 to feed in the Z-axis direction to control the depth of insertion of the cutting tool 100 into the workpiece. In addition, by controlling the cutting tool 100 to tilt forward around the X-axis by the machine tool body, an angle can be formed between the central axis of the tool holder 1 and the upper end face of the workpiece, thereby enabling the cutting tool 100 to perform vibration cutting.

[0067] It should be understood that, since the cutting tool 100 of this application has an asymmetrical structure on both sides of the main cutting edge 211, the cutting tool 100 of this application can only perform unidirectional cutting. If it is necessary to process the workpiece in reverse, the ultrasonic processing equipment should be replaced with a mirror cutting tool 100 corresponding to the installed cutting tool 100.

[0068] Based on this, this application further discloses an ultrasonic processing device, including an electrical transmission device, a transducer, and an amplitude transformer. The electrical transmission device is electrically connected to the transducer, and the transducer is connected to one end of the amplitude transformer. The ultrasonic processing device according to the embodiment of this application also includes a cutting tool 100 as described above. The cutting tool 100 is connected to the other end of the amplitude transformer. The ultrasonic processing device is provided with a cutting tool 100. By providing asymmetrical cutting surfaces on both sides of the main cutting edge 211 of the cutting tool 100, the thickness of the cutting edge 21 can be reduced compared with the prior art, thereby reducing the degree of extrusion on the workpiece when the cutting tool 100 cuts the workpiece, and thus preventing deformation defects in the workpiece as much as possible.

[0069] Based on this, this application further discloses a machine tool, which includes a machine tool body and an ultrasonic processing device as described above. The ultrasonic processing device is connected and cooperates with the machine tool body, and the machine tool body is used to drive the ultrasonic processing device to move along the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0070] According to the embodiment of this application, the machine tool is equipped with an ultrasonic processing device, and the ultrasonic processing device is equipped with a cutting tool 100. When the machine tool processes the workpiece using the ultrasonic processing device, by setting asymmetrical cutting surfaces on both sides of the main cutting edge 211, the thickness of the cutting edge 21 can be reduced compared with the prior art, thereby reducing the degree of extrusion on the workpiece when the cutting tool 100 cuts the workpiece, and thus preventing deformation defects in the workpiece as much as possible.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cutting tool, characterized in that, The cutting tool includes: Handle; The blade is fixedly disposed on the handle. The blade includes a blade body and a reinforcing part that are connected to each other. The reinforcing part is fixedly connected to the handle. Along the thickness direction of the reinforcing part, the reinforcing part has a first sidewall and a second sidewall that are parallel to each other. The cutting edge is located on the side of the reinforcing part away from the handle. The cutting edge is provided with a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge, and the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge are arranged adjacent to each other. The secondary cutting edge is located at the end of the cutting edge away from the reinforcing part. The junction of the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge forms a cutting tip. The rake face of the main cutting edge and the rake face of the secondary cutting edge are located on the same side of the cutting edge. The central plane is the plane in which the central axis of the handle is located and is parallel to the first side wall and the second side wall. The flank face of the main cutting edge has an angle with the central plane. The flank face of the main cutting edge deflects the rake face of the main cutting edge using the cutting edge of the main cutting edge as the deflection reference. The blade body has an avoidance notch on the side opposite to the main cutting edge, and the avoidance notch extends from the end of the blade body near the reinforcing part to the secondary cutting edge.

2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the back face of the main cutting edge and the center plane is α, and α satisfies the relationship: 0.5°≤α≤20°.

3. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first transition portion is connected between the reinforcing portion and the blade body. The first transition portion has a first transition arc surface. One end of the first transition arc surface is connected to the edge of the first sidewall, and the other end of the first transition arc surface is connected to the edge of the corresponding sidewall of the blade body. The first transition arc surface is recessed towards the inner side of the first transition portion. And / or, one end of the first transition arc surface is connected to the edge of the second sidewall, and the other end of the first transition arc surface is connected to the edge of the corresponding sidewall of the blade body. The first transition arc surface is recessed towards the inner side of the first transition portion.

4. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is β, and β satisfies the relationship: 60°≤β≤90°.

5. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the cutting edge is L, the width of the main cutting edge is W, the thickness of the cutting edge is H, and the ratio between the length of the secondary cutting edge and the length of the main cutting edge is A. L, W, H and A satisfy the following relationships: 10mm≤L≤30mm, 1.5mm≤W≤4.5mm, 0.5mm≤H≤5mm, 0.05≤A≤0.

2.

6. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main cutting edge has an included angle γ with the central axis of the tool holder. From the direction near the reinforcing part to the direction away from the reinforcing part, the main cutting edge is inclined toward the side away from the Y-direction feed direction of the cutting tool. The Y-direction feed direction is parallel to the central plane and perpendicular to the central axis of the tool holder. The main cutting edge is located at the end of the cutting edge body facing the Y-direction feed direction. γ satisfies the relationship: 3°≤γ≤45°.

7. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The knife handle includes a clamping section and a connecting section fixedly connected to each other. The connecting section is located on the side of the clamping section away from the cutting edge. The clamping section has two clamping surfaces that are parallel to each other and spaced apart. The outer peripheral wall of the connecting section is provided with external threads, and a second transition arc surface is provided between the connecting section and the clamping section. The clamping section is constructed as a rotating body with the central axis of the knife handle as its axis of rotation, and the clamping surface is located on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating body. The outer diameter of the clamping section is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting section, so that a positioning plane is formed on the end wall of the clamping section near the connecting section.

8. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second transition portion connects the handle and the blade. This second transition portion has a retraction arc surface. One end of the retraction arc surface connects to the edge of the first sidewall, and the other end connects to the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle. The retraction arc surface is recessed towards the inner side of the second transition portion, and / or... One end of the retraction arc surface is connected to the edge of the second sidewall, and the other end of the retraction arc surface is connected to the edge of the outer peripheral wall of the handle. The retraction arc surface is recessed towards the inner side of the second transition portion.

9. An ultrasonic processing device, comprising an electrical transmission device, a transducer, and an amplitude transformer, wherein the electrical transmission device is electrically connected to the transducer, and the transducer is connected to one end of the amplitude transformer, characterized in that, It includes a cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-8, the cutting tool being connected to the other end of the amplitude transformer.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that, include: Machine tool body; According to claim 9, the ultrasonic processing equipment is connected and cooperates with the machine tool body, and the machine tool body is used to drive the ultrasonic processing equipment to move along the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

Images