A PCB board drilling guide capable of switching different hole diameters

Abstract

The utility model relates to bore guiding technical field, and disclose a kind of PCB board bore guider of different aperture can be switched, including bore base, the one side of bore base is provided with control display box, the top of bore base is fixedly installed with workstation, the top of workstation is fixedly installed with protective shell, bore guiding assembly, the bore guiding assembly is set in the top of workstation;The bore guiding assembly includes: bore site, guiding site. Through being provided with small motor drive first gear and second gear meshing transmission, rotating guide disc is driven accurate rotation, to facilitate switching different aperture, the vertical hole of cooperation vertical guide plate provides stable sliding track for moving slide, ensure that moving slide drives below guiding structure and bore head synchronous lifting, make bore head always with guiding bore keep coaxial, reach the effect of facilitating switching aperture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling guidance technology, specifically a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of electronics manufacturing, PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) are indispensable key components in electronic devices, providing electrical connections and mechanical support for electronic components. Drilling is a crucial step in PCB manufacturing, aiming to create vias, blind vias, and buried vias of various diameters on the PCB for mounting electronic components, achieving interlayer electrical connections, and heat dissipation. With the rapid development of electronic technology, electronic devices are constantly evolving towards miniaturization, high integration, and high performance, placing higher demands on PCB design. Traditional drilling guidance equipment is no longer sufficient to meet these needs, mainly exhibiting the following technical challenges: Traditional PCB drilling guides often rely on manual knob adjustment for height or simple cylinder drive, lacking a precise transmission structure. When manually adjusted, operators judge the drilling depth based on experience, which can easily lead to uneven force and deviation in height. This can result in shallow drilling that fails to penetrate the PCB or excessive drilling that damages the worktable or components below. Furthermore, traditional PCB drilling guides are often designed as "one guide per hole," meaning one fixed guide module corresponds to one hole diameter. When switching between different hole diameters (e.g., from 0.5mm to 2.5mm), the machine must be stopped and the old guide module manually removed and the new module installed, a process that takes more than 30 seconds. Improper operation during removal can easily damage the coaxiality between the guide and the drill head. Therefore, it is necessary to design a PCB drilling guide that can switch between different hole diameters. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters, which solves the technical problems of single hole diameter and guiding stability during drilling in existing PCB board drilling guides, and achieves the goal of switchable hole diameter and improved drilling accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters, comprising a drilling base, a control display box disposed on one side of the drilling base, a workbench fixedly mounted on the top of the drilling base, and a protective shell fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench; a drilling guide assembly disposed above the workbench; the drilling guide assembly comprising: a drilling portion disposed above the workbench; and a guiding portion disposed above the workbench and below the drilling portion.

[0005] Preferably, the drilling part includes: a lifting support vertical seat, which is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, and a lifting slide groove is provided on the front of the lifting support vertical seat; a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting support vertical seat, and an adjusting screw is provided at the output end of the motor, and the adjusting screw is located inside the lifting slide groove; a movable plate is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting screw, and a connecting frame is fixedly installed in front of the movable plate.

[0006] Preferably, a drilling base is fixedly installed on the front end face of the connecting frame, a drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the drilling base, a drilling head is provided at the output end of the drive motor through the connecting base, a board placement platform is provided below the drilling head, and a PCB board is placed on the top of the board placement platform.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the plate placement platform is provided with a sliding hole, and a limiting plate is slidably connected inside the sliding hole. A driving cylinder is provided on the outside of the limiting plate through a connecting rod. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0008] Preferably, the guide portion includes: an L-shaped support plate, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the platform, and has a through hole at the top, located in front of the lifting support vertical seat; two sets of vertical guide plates are fixedly installed on the top of the L-shaped support plate, arranged symmetrically, and the outer wall of the vertical guide plate has a vertical hole, and a movable slide is slidably connected inside the vertical hole, and the movable slide is adapted to the through hole.

[0009] Preferably, a lifting rod is fixedly installed on the top of the movable slide, and the top of the lifting rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting frame. A small motor is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable slide through a motor cover. A connecting cover is fixedly installed on the bottom of the small motor, and a rotating hole is opened on the top of the connecting cover. A first gear is set on the output end of the small motor through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft extends through the rotating hole into the interior of the connecting cover.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the first gear is provided with a second gear through gear meshing, and the second gear is located inside the connecting cover. A connecting column is provided at the center of the second gear through a rotating bearing, and the connecting column is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the connecting cover.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating guide disk is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the second gear by a mounting post, and the rotating guide disk is positioned above the plate placement platform. Guide holes are equidistantly opened on the top circumference of the rotating guide disk, and the diameter of the guide holes increases clockwise.

[0012] This invention provides a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters. It offers the following advantages: (1) This utility model provides a stable installation base for the entire drilling mechanism by setting up a lifting support vertical seat. With the help of the motor-driven adjusting screw, the moving plate can be driven to achieve smooth and precise vertical movement. Then, through the connecting frame, the drilling seat and drilling head can be driven to accurately adjust the drilling depth, avoiding the depth deviation caused by traditional manual lifting and reducing the problem of drilling too shallow and not penetrating or drilling too deep and damaging the worktable. At the same time, the limiting plate on the top of the board placement table realizes the automatic clamping of the PCB board through the driving cylinder. The clamping force can be flexibly adjusted, which can fix the PCB board to prevent displacement and avoid excessive pressure that damages the copper foil or components on the surface of the PCB board, thereby improving the drilling accuracy.

[0013] (2) This utility model is equipped with a small motor to drive the first gear and the second gear to mesh and drive the rotating guide disc to rotate precisely, thereby facilitating the switching of different hole diameters. The vertical hole of the vertical guide plate provides a stable sliding track for the moving slide, ensuring that the moving slide drives the lower guide structure and the drill head to rise and fall synchronously, so that the drill head always remains coaxial with the guide drill hole, thus achieving the effect of facilitating the switching of hole diameters. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a rear view of a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a side view of the guide structure of a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a top view of the rotating part of a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Drilling base, 2. Control and display box, 3. Workbench, 4. Protective shell, 5. Drilling guide assembly, 51. Drilling part, 511. Lifting support vertical seat, 512. Motor, 513. Moving plate, 514. Connecting frame, 515. Drilling seat, 516. Drive motor, 517. Drilling head, 518. Plate placement platform, 519. Limiting plate, 52. Guide part, 521. L-shaped support plate, 522. Vertical guide plate, 523. Vertical hole, 524. Moving slide, 525. Lifting rod, 526. Small motor, 527. Connecting cover, 528. First gear, 529. Second gear, 5210. Rotating guide disc, 5211. Guide drilling. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Example

[0018] Addressing the issues of limited hole diameter and unstable guidance during drilling in existing PCB board drilling guides, this invention provides a preferred embodiment of a PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters, for example... Figure 1-4 As shown: A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters includes a drilling base 1, a control display box 2 disposed on one side of the drilling base 1, a workbench 3 fixedly mounted on the top of the drilling base 1, a protective shell 4 fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench 3; a drilling guide assembly 5 disposed above the workbench 3; the drilling guide assembly 5 includes: a drilling part 51 disposed above the workbench 3; and a guiding part 52 disposed above the workbench 3 and below the drilling part 51.

[0019] The drilling part 51 includes: a lifting support vertical seat 511, which is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 3, and a lifting slide groove is provided on the front of the lifting support vertical seat 511; a motor 512 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting support vertical seat 511, and an adjusting screw is provided at the output end of the motor 512, which is located inside the lifting slide groove. A movable plate 513 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting screw, and a connecting frame 514 is fixedly installed in front of the movable plate 513.

[0020] A drill bit 515 is fixedly installed on the front end face of the connecting bracket 514. A drive motor 516 is fixedly installed on the top of the drill bit 515. A drill head 517 is set at the output end of the drive motor 516 through the connecting bracket. A board placement platform 518 is set below the drill head 517, and a PCB board is placed on the top of the board placement platform 518.

[0021] The top of the plate placement platform 518 has a sliding hole, and a limit plate 519 is slidably connected inside the sliding hole. A drive cylinder is set on the outside of the limit plate 519 through a connecting rod. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated further.

[0022] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a stable installation base for the entire drilling mechanism by setting up a lifting support vertical seat 511. With the adjustment screw driven by the motor 512, the moving plate 513 can be driven to achieve smooth and precise vertical movement. Then, through the connecting frame 514, the drilling seat 515 and the drilling head 517 are driven to accurately adjust the drilling depth, avoiding the depth deviation caused by traditional manual lifting and reducing the problem of drilling too shallow and not penetrating or drilling too deep and damaging the worktable. At the same time, the limiting plate 519 on the top of the board placement platform 518 realizes automatic clamping of the PCB board through the driving cylinder. The clamping force can be flexibly adjusted, which can fix the PCB board to prevent displacement and avoid excessive pressure that damages the copper foil or components on the surface of the PCB board. Example

[0023] Based on Embodiment 1, a preferred embodiment of the PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters provided by this utility model is as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown: The guide part 52 includes: an L-shaped support plate 521, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the plate placement platform 518, and the top of the L-shaped support plate 521 has a through hole, located in front of the lifting support vertical seat 511; the top of the L-shaped support plate 521 is fixedly installed with two sets of vertical guide plates 522, which are symmetrically arranged. The outer wall of the vertical guide plate 522 has a vertical hole 523, and a movable slide 524 is slidably connected inside the vertical hole 523, and the movable slide 524 is adapted to the through hole.

[0024] A lifting rod 525 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable slide 524, and the top of the lifting rod 525 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting frame 514. A small motor 526 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable slide 524 through a motor cover. A connecting cover 527 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the small motor 526, and a rotating hole is opened on the top of the connecting cover 527. The output end of the small motor 526 is provided with a first gear 528 through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft extends through the rotating hole into the interior of the connecting cover 527.

[0025] The outer wall of the first gear 528 is provided with a second gear 529 through gear meshing, and the second gear 529 is located inside the connecting cover 527. A connecting column is provided at the center of the second gear 529 through a rotating bearing, and the connecting column is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the connecting cover 527.

[0026] The bottom of the second gear 529 is fixedly mounted with a rotating guide disc 5210 by a mounting column, and the rotating guide disc 5210 is positioned above the plate placement platform 518. The top circumference of the rotating guide disc 5210 is provided with guide holes 5211 at equal intervals, and the diameter of the guide holes 5211 increases in a clockwise direction.

[0027] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a small motor 526 drives the first gear 528 and the second gear 529 to mesh and transmit power, thereby driving the rotating guide disk 5210 to rotate precisely, which facilitates the switching of different hole diameters. The vertical hole 523 of the vertical guide plate 522 provides a stable sliding track for the moving slide 524, ensuring that the moving slide 524 drives the lower guide structure and the drill head 517 to rise and fall synchronously, so that the drill head 517 always remains coaxial with the guide drill hole 5211.

[0028] When in use, the equipment is first started through the control display box 2 on one side of the drilling base 1. The drilling depth is set to adapt to PCB boards of different thicknesses, the drilling head speed is adjusted according to the hole diameter, and the target hole diameter parameters are set on the control display box 2. After the parameters are set, the system automatically initializes each component: the moving plate 513 of the drilling part 51 is in the initial position at the top of the lifting support vertical seat 511, the rotating guide disk 5210 of the guide part 52 is in the state of the minimum hole diameter guide drill 5211 aligned with the drilling head 517 by default, and the protective shell 4 is in the closed state to prevent drilling debris from splashing.

[0029] Furthermore, the PCB board to be drilled is placed on top of the placement platform 518. The existing technology of the drive cylinder on the outer side of the limiting plate 519 inside the sliding hole of the placement platform 518 is activated. The cylinder pushes the limiting plate 519 to slide along the sliding hole. Two sets of symmetrical limiting plates 519 clamp the PCB board from both sides, ensuring no displacement of the PCB board during drilling. The clamping force can be finely adjusted via the control display box 2 to avoid damaging the PCB board surface. Simultaneously, the relative coordinates between the drilling position of the PCB board and the placement platform 518 are confirmed via the control display box 2 to ensure accurate subsequent drilling positions. Furthermore, if it is necessary to switch to the target aperture, the aperture switching command is sent through the control display box 2, and the small motor 526 of the guide part 52 starts. The motor speed is automatically adjusted by the system according to the aperture difference to ensure smooth switching. The output of the small motor 526 drives the first gear 528 to rotate inside the connecting cover 527 via a rotating shaft. The first gear 528 and the second gear 529 are driven by gear meshing. Since the second gear 529 is fixed to the connecting column at the top of the inner wall of the connecting cover 527 through the central rotating bearing, the second gear 529 only rotates on a fixed axis. Then, it drives the rotating guide disk 5210 to rotate synchronously through the mounting column at the bottom. Since the guide hole 5211 at the top of the rotating guide disk 5210 gradually increases in diameter in a clockwise direction, the system calculates the rotation angle according to the target hole diameter. For example, from 0.5mm to 2mm, it needs to rotate 120° clockwise. The specific angle is determined by the number of guide holes. When the rotating guide disk 5210 rotates to the point where the guide hole 5211 of the target hole diameter is directly below the drill head 517, the position sensor of the control display box 2, which is not separately labeled, is integrated into the control module to trigger the small motor 526 to stop, thus completing the hole diameter switching.

[0030] Furthermore, after confirming the hole diameter, the motor 512 of the drilling section 51 is started. The output end of the motor 512 drives the adjusting screw in the lifting slide groove of the lifting support vertical seat 511 to rotate. The moving plate 513 on the outer wall of the adjusting screw slides vertically down the lifting slide groove, and the sliding speed is set by the control display box 2 according to the drilling depth. The connecting frame 514 in front of the moving plate 513 moves down synchronously, on the one hand, driving the drilling seat 515 and the bottom drilling head 517 closer to the PCB board, and on the other hand, the lifting rod 525 at the bottom of the connecting frame 514 drives the moving slide 524 to slide down synchronously along the vertical hole 523 of the vertical guide plate 522. This linkage structure can ensure that the drilling head 517 always remains coaxial with the guide drill hole 5211 of the rotating guide disk 5210, avoiding hole diameter errors caused by drilling head offset. When the drill bit 517 descends to a distance of 5mm from the top of the guide hole 5211, the drive motor 516 on the top of the drill holder 515 is activated. The drive motor 516 drives the drill bit 517 to rotate at high speed through the connecting seat, matching the preset parameters. At the same time, the motor 512 continues to drive the drill bit to descend slowly, so that the rotating drill bit 517 accurately passes through the guide hole 5211 to drill the PCB board below. The inner wall of the guide hole 5211 is polished, which can effectively constrain the radial runout of the drill bit, reduce drill bit wear, and prevent burrs from appearing on the edge of the PCB board. Finally, when the drilling depth reaches the set value, as monitored by the displacement sensor in the control display box 2, the drive motor 516 stops first, and the drill head stops rotating; then the motor 512 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the moving plate 513, the connecting frame 514, and the drill head 517 to rise and reset to the initial position. At the same time, the lifting rod 525 drives the moving slide 524 to move upward and reset along the vertical hole 523, and the drive cylinder drives the limit plate 519 to retract. The operator then removes the PCB board that has been drilled. If continuous drilling is required, simply repeat the process of fixing the PCB board to the hole diameter and switching to the drilling process; there is no need to stop the entire machine.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters, comprising a drilling base (1), characterized in that: A control display box (2) is provided on one side of the drilling base (1), and a workbench (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the drilling base (1). A protective shell (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (3). Drilling guide assembly (5), which is disposed above the worktable (3); The drilling guide assembly (5) includes: Drilling section (51), the drilling section (51) is located above the workbench (3); The guide part (52) is located above the worktable (3) and below the drilling part (51).

2. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilled portion (51) includes: The lifting support vertical seat (511) is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (3), and the lifting support vertical seat (511) has a lifting groove on its front side. A motor (512) is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting support vertical seat (511). An adjusting screw is provided at the output end of the motor (512), and the adjusting screw is located inside the lifting slide groove. A movable plate (513) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting screw, and a connecting frame (514) is fixedly installed in front of the movable plate (513).

3. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drill bit (515) is fixedly installed on the front end face of the connecting frame (514). A drive motor (516) is fixedly installed on the top of the drill bit (515). A drill bit (517) is set at the output end of the drive motor (516) through the connecting frame. A board placement platform (518) is set below the drill bit (517), and a PCB board is placed on the top of the board placement platform (518).

4. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the plate placement platform (518) is provided with a sliding hole, and a limiting plate (519) is slidably connected inside the sliding hole. A driving cylinder is provided on the outside of the limiting plate (519) through a connecting rod.

5. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide portion (52) includes: L-shaped support plate (521), the L-shaped support plate (521) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the plate placement platform (518), and the top of the L-shaped support plate (521) is provided with a through hole, located in front of the lifting support vertical seat (511); The top of the L-shaped support plate (521) is fixedly installed with a vertical guide plate (522), and there are two sets in total, arranged symmetrically. The outer wall of the vertical guide plate (522) is provided with a vertical hole (523), and a movable slide (524) is slidably connected inside the vertical hole (523), and the movable slide (524) is compatible with the through hole.

6. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting rod (525) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable slide (524), and the top of the lifting rod (525) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting frame (514). A small motor (526) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable slide (524) through a motor cover. A connecting cover (527) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the small motor (526), ​​and a rotating hole is opened on the top of the connecting cover (527). The output end of the small motor (526) is provided with a first gear (528) through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft extends through the rotating hole into the interior of the connecting cover (527).

7. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first gear (528) is provided with a second gear (529) through gear meshing, and the second gear (529) is located inside the connecting cover (527). A connecting column is provided at the center of the second gear (529) through a rotating bearing, and the connecting column is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the connecting cover (527).

8. A PCB board drilling guide with switchable hole diameters according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the second gear (529) is fixedly mounted with a rotating guide disk (5210) by a mounting column, and the rotating guide disk (5210) is positioned above the plate placement platform (518). The top circumference of the rotating guide disk (5210) is provided with guide holes (5211) at equal intervals, and the diameter of the guide holes (5211) increases in a clockwise direction.

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