A full trailer self-unloading vehicle traction device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full hitched dump truck traction device relates to trailer traction equipment technical field, including main car, the hanger, be equipped with the traction device between main car, the hanger: the traction device includes traction butt joint frame, self -adaptation and adjusts the frame to and be equipped with the self -unhooking lock catch structure between traction butt joint frame, self -adaptation and adjusts the frame. The utility model discloses through the design of quick butt joint or the separation of traction butt joint frame, self -adaptation and adjusts the frame, one aspect realizes the great enhancement of work efficiency, the other side self -unhooking lock catch structure does not need the mode of manual unhooking, greatly simplifies traditional hanger separation process, and the driver usually only needs to operate in the cab to complete, reduces the work difficulty and physical exertion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of trailer traction equipment, specifically a traction device for a full-trailer dump truck. Background Technology

[0002] A full trailer flatbed trailer, also known as a "full trailer, flatbed truck, flatbed trailer, or trailer", requires a towing device to connect to the main vehicle during operation, thereby extending the vehicle body. However, the existing towing devices of full trailers have problems in actual use, such as complicated operation, requiring the driver to repeatedly get on and off the vehicle or other staff to manually operate multiple steps (such as shaking the outriggers and aligning the saddle), which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, a towing device for a full-trailer dump truck is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a towing device for a full-trailer dump truck. This device, through the design of a towing docking frame and an adaptive steering frame for quick docking or disengagement, achieves a significant improvement in work efficiency. On the other hand, the self-disengaging locking structure eliminates the need for manual disengagement, greatly simplifying the traditional trailer disengagement process. Drivers can usually complete the process simply by operating the device from the cab, reducing the difficulty of the work and the physical exertion.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a towing device for a full-trailer dump truck, comprising a main vehicle and a trailer, and a towing device disposed between the main vehicle and the trailer; the towing device includes a towing docking frame, an adaptive steering frame, and a self-unhooking locking structure disposed between the towing docking frame and the adaptive steering frame; the towing docking frame is disposed at the leading end of the trailer along the forward direction, and the adaptive steering frame is disposed at the trailing end of the main vehicle along the forward direction; when the towing docking frame and the adaptive steering frame are docked, the self-unhooking locking structure can connect the main vehicle and the trailer into a towing system.

[0005] Preferably, the adaptive steering bracket includes an assembly plate fixed to the rear end of the main vehicle, with crossbeams fixed on both sides of the assembly plate; and a crossbeam rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two crossbeams, with a connecting frame and a first engagement transmission assembly respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical section of the crossbeam; it also includes a second engagement transmission assembly provided at one end of the horizontal section of the crossbeam, and under the action of the first and second engagement transmission assemblies, the bracket can adaptively reset during the movement of the main vehicle.

[0006] Preferably, the first meshing transmission assembly and the second meshing transmission assembly have the same structure; the first meshing transmission assembly includes an elastic column assembled at the bottom end of the vertical section of the connecting frame; a rack fixed to the telescopic end of the elastic column; and a first gear fixed at the bottom end of the vertical section of the cross, wherein the first gear meshes with the rack.

[0007] Preferably, the elastic column includes a mounting block; a through hole formed on the mounting block; and a telescopic column disposed in the through hole, wherein one end of the telescopic column is assembled with a rack and the other end is fixed with a connecting block; and further includes a first spring disposed on the outer wall of the telescopic column between the connecting block and the mounting block.

[0008] Preferably, the self-unhooking locking structure includes a docking slot mechanism disposed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame; and a coupling mechanism disposed on the traction docking frame and adapted to and snapped with the docking slot mechanism; and further includes a limiting component disposed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame for automatic unlocking of the docking slot mechanism and the coupling mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the docking slot mechanism includes two support rods fixed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame, and a frame body fixed to the two support rods; and vertical slots respectively opened on the upper and lower parts of the frame body, each of the two vertical slots having a locking block structure, and the two locking block structures being symmetrically distributed; it also includes a horizontal slot opened in the middle of the frame body and communicating with the two vertical slots, which is used for locking the docking slot mechanism and the docking joint mechanism when the docking joint mechanism extends into the horizontal slot and passes over the two locking block structures.

[0010] Preferably, the locking block structure includes an insert block disposed within the vertical groove, wherein the insert block has a wedge surface at one end near the horizontal groove, a vertical rod is fixed at the other end away from the horizontal groove, and the end of the vertical rod away from the insert block passes through an installation hole opened in the side wall of the frame and is fixed with a pressure handle; and a second spring disposed on the outer wall of the vertical rod between the insert block and the vertical groove for resetting the insert block.

[0011] Preferably, the docking mechanism includes a top rod fixed to the front end of the traction docking frame; a first wedge-shaped top block and a second wedge-shaped top block respectively disposed at the front and rear ends of the top rod, wherein the diameter of the first wedge-shaped top block increases progressively from front to back and is fixed to the top rod, and the diameter of the second wedge-shaped top block increases first and then decreases from front to back and is slidably installed with the top rod; and a groove formed on the rear side of the first wedge-shaped top block and adapted to engage with the front end of the second wedge-shaped top block.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting component includes an electric telescopic rod fixed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod extends into the transverse groove and can abut against the first wedge-shaped top block.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model utilizes a self-disengaging locking structure to quickly connect or disconnect the traction docking frame and the adaptive bogie. On one hand, it significantly improves work efficiency. After the main vehicle arrives at its destination, the self-disengaging locking structure allows the main vehicle to quickly separate from the fully loaded trailer and immediately engage another trailer that has been unloaded (or loaded) to continue driving. This avoids the long wait for the main vehicle during loading and unloading, shortening the loading and unloading cycle. On the other hand, the self-disengaging locking structure eliminates the need for manual disengagement, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional connection methods that require the driver to repeatedly get on and off the vehicle and manually perform multiple steps (such as shaking the outriggers and aligning the saddle). This greatly simplifies the process, and the driver can usually complete the operation from the cab, reducing the difficulty of the work and the physical exertion. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 4 This is a second-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0015] In the diagram: 111, Main vehicle; 112, Trailer; 211, Traction docking frame; 212, Top rod; 213, First wedge-shaped top block; 214, Second wedge-shaped top block; 215, Support rod; 216, Frame body; 217, Vertical slot; 218, Insert block; 219, Vertical rod; 220, Second spring; 221, Pressure handle; 222, Electric telescopic rod; 223, Groove; 311, Assembly plate; 312, Cross frame; 313, Cross; 314, Connecting frame; 315, Mounting block; 316, Telescopic column; 317, Connecting block; 318, First spring; 319, Rack; 320, First gear; 321, Second gear. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The various embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Example 1 Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention preferably provides the following technical solution: a towing device for a full-trailer dump truck, comprising a main vehicle 111 and a trailer 112, and a towing device disposed between the main vehicle 111 and the trailer 112: the towing device includes a towing docking frame 211, an adaptive steering frame, and a self-unhooking locking structure disposed between the towing docking frame 211 and the adaptive steering frame; the towing docking frame 211 is disposed at the front end of the trailer 112 along the forward direction, and the adaptive steering frame is disposed at the rear end of the main vehicle 111 along the forward direction; when the towing docking frame 211 and the adaptive steering frame are docked, the self-unhooking locking structure can connect the main vehicle 111 and the trailer 112 into a towing system.

[0018] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the traction device provided in this application is mainly assembled on the opposite sides of the main vehicle 111 and the trailer 112. Specifically, the traction docking frame 211 and the adaptive bogie are respectively located at the front end of the trailer 112 along the forward direction and the rear end of the main vehicle 111 along the forward direction. A self-unhooking locking structure is provided at their opposite ends. Simultaneously, the traction docking frame 211 and the adaptive bogie are adapted to be connected. When the traction docking frame 211 and the adaptive bogie are connected, the self-unhooking locking structure can connect the main vehicle 111 and the trailer 112 into a towing system, such as... Figure 1-4 As shown in the diagram, this application utilizes a self-disengaging locking structure to quickly engage or disengage the traction docking frame 211 from the adaptive bogie. This significantly improves work efficiency. Once the main vehicle 111 reaches its destination, the self-disengaging locking structure allows it to quickly separate from the fully loaded trailer 112 and immediately engage another trailer 112 that has been unloaded (or loaded) to continue driving. This avoids the long wait for the main vehicle 111 during loading and unloading, shortening the loading and unloading cycle. Furthermore, the self-disengaging locking structure eliminates the need for manual disengagement, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional connection methods that require the driver to repeatedly get on and off the vehicle and manually perform multiple steps (such as shaking the outriggers and aligning the saddle). This greatly simplifies the process, allowing the driver to typically operate 111 from the cab, reducing work difficulty and physical exertion.

[0019] Example 2 In another embodiment of this utility model, the adaptive steering bracket includes a mounting plate 311 fixed to the rear end of the main vehicle 111, with crossbeams 312 fixed on both sides of the mounting plate 311; and a crossbeam 313 rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two crossbeams 312, with a connecting frame 314 and a first engagement transmission assembly respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical section of the crossbeam 313; it also includes a second engagement transmission assembly provided at one end of the horizontal section of the crossbeam 313, and under the action of the first and second engagement transmission assemblies, the bracket 112 can adaptively reset during the movement of the main vehicle 111; furthermore, the first engagement transmission assembly and the second engagement transmission assembly... The components have the same structure; the first meshing transmission assembly includes an elastic column mounted on the bottom end of the vertical section of the connecting frame 314; a rack 319 fixed to the telescopic end of the elastic column; and a first gear 320 fixed on the bottom end of the vertical section of the cross 313, and the first gear 320 meshes with the rack 319; further, the elastic column includes a mounting block 315; a through hole opened on the mounting block 315; and a telescopic column 316 disposed in the through hole, and one end of the telescopic column 316 is assembled with the rack 319, and the other end is fixed with a connecting block 317; it also includes a first spring 318 disposed on the outer wall of the telescopic column 316 between the connecting block 317 and the mounting block 315.

[0020] In this embodiment, since the first meshing transmission assembly and the second meshing transmission assembly have the same structure, only the first meshing transmission assembly will be explained. Specifically, as shown below... Figure 5 , 7 As shown, the horizontal section of the cross 313 is rotatably mounted to two crossbeams 312 at both ends, while its vertical section is equipped with a connecting frame 314 and a first meshing transmission assembly at both ends. Simultaneously, a second meshing transmission assembly is mounted at one end of one of the horizontal sections of the cross 313. Therefore, when the mounting bracket 112 follows the main vehicle 111 forward, backward, or turning, as... Figure 5 As shown, the connecting frame 314 can rotate left and right around the cross 313, while the cross 313 itself can tilt and deflect around the fixed cross frame 312, thereby realizing the flexible turning process of the connecting frame 314 and the hanging frame 112. The design highlight of this application is that the first gear 320, where the first meshing transmission assembly is located, and the second gear 321, where the second meshing transmission assembly is located, are respectively fixed to the vertical and horizontal sections of the cross 313. Together with the elastic column, this achieves the automatic reset process after the angle adjustment of the connecting frame 314 and the hanging bracket 112. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the telescopic column 316 can be automatically reset by the first spring 318.

[0021] Example 2 As another embodiment of this utility model, the self-unhooking locking structure includes a docking slot mechanism disposed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame 314; and a coupling mechanism disposed on the traction docking frame 211 and adapted to and snapped with the docking slot mechanism; and also includes a limiting component disposed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame 314 for automatic unlocking of the docking slot mechanism and the coupling mechanism.

[0022] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, the opposite ends of the connecting frame 314 and the traction docking frame 211 are respectively provided with mutually compatible docking slot mechanisms and docking joint mechanisms. When the docking joint structure is inserted into the docking slot mechanism, the traction connection between the connecting frame 314 and the top rod 212 or the main vehicle 111 and the bracket 112 can be realized. In order to improve the convenience of separating the docking slot mechanism and the joint mechanism, this application provides a limiting component that extends into the docking slot mechanism on the connecting frame 314. When the limiting component restricts the forward extension of the joint mechanism, it is used to lock the docking slot mechanism and the joint mechanism. When the limiting component retracts and reserves forward extension space for the joint mechanism, the joint mechanism further extends forward and retracts to achieve the automatic separation process from the docking slot mechanism.

[0023] Furthermore, the docking slot mechanism includes two support rods 215 fixed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame 314, and a frame body 216 fixed to the two support rods 215; vertical slots 217 respectively opened on the upper and lower parts of the frame body 216, each of the two vertical slots 217 having a locking block structure, and the two locking block structures being symmetrically distributed; it also includes a horizontal slot opened in the middle of the frame body 216 and communicating with the two vertical slots 217, which is used for docking slot machines when the docking mechanism extends into the horizontal slot and passes over the two locking block structures. The locking mechanism of the connector is further described as follows: The locking block structure includes an insert block 218 disposed in the vertical groove 217, wherein the insert block 218 has a wedge surface at one end near the horizontal groove, and a vertical rod 219 is fixed at the other end away from the horizontal groove. The end of the vertical rod 219 away from the insert block 218 passes through the mounting hole opened in the side wall of the frame 216 and is fixed with a pressure handle 221; and a second spring 220 disposed on the outer wall of the vertical rod 219 between the insert block 218 and the vertical groove 217 for resetting the insert block 218. Furthermore, the coupling mechanism includes a top rod 212 fixed to the front end of the traction docking frame 211; a first wedge-shaped top block 213 and a second wedge-shaped top block 214 respectively disposed at the front and rear ends of the top rod 212, wherein the diameter of the first wedge-shaped top block 213 increases progressively from front to back and is fixed to the top rod 212, and the diameter of the second wedge-shaped top block 214 increases progressively from front to back and then decreases progressively and is slidably installed with the top rod 212; and a groove 223 formed on the rear side of the first wedge-shaped top block 213 and adapted to engage with the front end of the second wedge-shaped top block 214.

[0024] The upper and lower parts of the frame 216 are equipped with a locking block structure. Each locking block 218 has a wedge-shaped surface at the end near the transverse groove and a vertical rod 219 fixed at the end away from the transverse groove. The vertical rod 219 is equipped with a second spring 220 and a pressure handle 221 fixed at its outer end. Therefore, when the coupling mechanism and the limiting mechanism are inserted into the transverse groove in the middle of the frame 216, the first wedge-shaped top block 213 where the coupling mechanism is located can squeeze the two blocks 218 away from each other because its diameter increases from front to back. As the squeezing process proceeds, when the first wedge-shaped top block 213 where the coupling mechanism is located can pass over the two blocks 218 and contact the limiting component, the two blocks 218 are embedded between the first wedge-shaped top block 213 and the second wedge-shaped top block 214 through the second spring 220 to realize the connection process of the coupling mechanism and the docking groove mechanism. Conversely, when the two need to be separated, if only the driver is present, such as... Figure 6 As shown, firstly, the limiting component retracts to reserve space for the further extension of the first wedge-shaped top block 213. Then, the main vehicle 111 brakes suddenly, and the bracket 112 will move forward due to inertia. Since the diameter of the second wedge-shaped top block 214 increases from front to back and then decreases and is slidably installed with the top rod 212, the two inserts 218 can be moved away from each other during the forward movement of the second wedge-shaped top block 214. That is, both the first wedge-shaped top block 213 and the second wedge-shaped top block 214 move towards the limiting component, while the two inserts 218 are positioned on the second wedge-shaped top block 214 away from the first wedge-shaped top block 212. On one side of 3, when the main vehicle 111 moves backward, the two insert blocks 218 can move the second wedge-shaped top block 214 forward and embed its front end into the groove 223 opened on the rear side of the first wedge-shaped top block 213. As the main vehicle 111 continues to move backward, the two insert blocks 218 pass over the matched second wedge-shaped top block 214 and the first wedge-shaped top block 213 to realize the disengagement process of the joint mechanism and the docking slot mechanism. This operation is suitable for situations where the driver needs to unload the cargo alone. The driver can complete the separation process of the main vehicle 111 and the trailer 112 by skillfully operating the device to move it back and forth. With the help of staff, the pressure handle 221 is pushed outward to disengage the two inserts 218 from the first wedge-shaped top block 213.

[0025] Example 3 In another embodiment of this utility model, the limiting component includes an electric telescopic rod 222 fixed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame 314, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 222 extends into the transverse groove and can abut against the first wedge-shaped top block 213. Figure 6 As shown, the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod 222 allows the connector mechanism to extend forward in its direction so that the two inserts 218 disengage from between the first wedge-shaped top block 213 and the second wedge-shaped top block 214.

[0026] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "fixation" and other terms should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part. There are various ways to install detachably, such as by using a plug-in and snap-fit ​​method, or by using a bolt connection, etc.

[0027] The above description of the specific embodiments of this utility model is only used to further illustrate this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made to this utility model by technical engineers based on the above description of the utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A towing device for a full-trailer dump truck, comprising a main vehicle (111), a trailer (112), and a towing device disposed between the main vehicle (111) and the trailer (112), characterized in that: The traction device includes a traction docking frame (211), an adaptive steering frame, and a self-unhooking locking structure disposed between the traction docking frame (211) and the adaptive steering frame; The traction docking frame (211) is located at the front end of the trailer (112) along the forward direction, and the adaptive steering frame is located at the rear end of the main vehicle (111) along the forward direction. When the traction docking frame (211) and the adaptive steering frame are docked, the self-unhooking locking structure can connect the main vehicle (111) and the trailer (112) into a towing system.

2. The towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive steering frame includes a mounting plate (311) fixed to the rear end of the main vehicle (111), and crossbars (312) are fixed on both sides of the mounting plate (311). And a cross (313) rotatably mounted on opposite sides of two cross frames (312), and a connecting frame (314) and a first meshing transmission assembly are respectively provided on the upper and lower ends of the vertical section of the cross (313); It also includes a second engagement transmission assembly disposed at one end of the horizontal section of the cross (313), and under the action of the first and second engagement transmission assemblies, the bracket (112) can adaptively reset as it moves with the main vehicle (111).

3. The towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first meshing transmission assembly and the second meshing transmission assembly have the same structure; The first meshing transmission assembly includes an elastic column mounted at the bottom end of the vertical section of the connecting frame (314); A rack (319) fixed to the telescopic end of the elastic column. And a first gear (320) fixed at the bottom of the vertical section of the cross (313), and the first gear (320) meshes with the rack (319).

4. The towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic column includes a mounting block (315); A through hole is formed in the mounting block (315); And a telescopic column (316) is provided in the through hole, and one end of the telescopic column (316) is assembled with a rack (319), and the other end is fixed with a connecting block (317). It also includes a first spring (318) disposed on the outer wall of the telescopic column (316) between the connecting block (317) and the mounting block (315).

5. A towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-unhooking locking structure includes a docking slot mechanism located in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame (314); And a coupling mechanism provided on the traction docking frame (211) and adapted to and snapped with the docking slot mechanism; It also includes a limiting component located in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame (314) for automatic unlocking of the docking slot mechanism and the connector mechanism.

6. A towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The docking slot mechanism includes two support rods (215) fixed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame (314), and a frame (216) fixed to the two support rods (215). And vertical slots (217) respectively opened on the upper and lower parts of the frame (216), each of the two vertical slots (217) is provided with a locking block structure, and the two locking block structures are symmetrically distributed; It also includes a horizontal groove opened in the middle of the frame (216) and connected to two vertical grooves (217), which is used for locking the docking groove mechanism and the docking mechanism when the docking mechanism extends into the horizontal groove and passes over the two locking block structures.

7. A towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 6, characterized in that: The card block structure includes an insert block (218) provided in the vertical groove (217), wherein the insert block (218) has a wedge surface at one end near the horizontal groove, and a vertical rod (219) is fixed at the other end away from the horizontal groove, and the other end of the vertical rod (219) away from the insert block (218) passes through an installation hole opened in the side wall of the frame (216) and is fixed with a pressure handle (221). And a second spring (220) is provided on the outer wall of the vertical rod (219) between the insert (218) and the vertical groove (217) for resetting the insert (218).

8. A towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 6, characterized in that: The docking mechanism includes a top rod (212) fixed to the front end of the traction docking frame (211). A first wedge-shaped top block (213) and a second wedge-shaped top block (214) are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the top rod (212). The diameter of the first wedge-shaped top block (213) increases gradually from front to back and is fixed to the top rod (212). The diameter of the second wedge-shaped top block (214) increases first and then decreases from front to back and is slidably installed with the top rod (212). And a groove (223) is provided on the rear side of the first wedge-shaped top block (213) and is adapted to and engaged with the front end of the second wedge-shaped top block (214).

9. A towing device for a full-trailer dump truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting component includes an electric telescopic rod (222) fixed in the middle of the vertical section of the connecting frame (314), and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (222) extends into the transverse groove and can abut against the first wedge-shaped top block (213).

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