A hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey appearance, include: unmanned plane, the bottom fixed setting of unmanned plane has two symmetrical distribution's support leg. Compared with the prior art, through setting up the protective shell and the transparent window located at its bottom, make the dust in the operation environment unable to directly adhere on the lens. Meanwhile, utilize the wind power that unmanned plane removes in the process to drive the wiping mechanism, and the wiping mechanism can timely wipe the transparent window, can effectively remove the dust and other sundries that adhere on the window, guarantee the cleanliness and the light transmittance of transparent window, and then ensure that hyperspectral survey appearance can continuously gather accurate data, through setting up the buffer mechanism, when unmanned plane lands and ground contact produces the impact force, and the buffer mechanism can effectively buffer and absorb this impact force, avoid the impact force direct action to hyperspectral survey appearance, thereby reduced the risk of survey appearance and damaged because of the impact force, be favorable to prolong the service life of instrument.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to a hyperspectral remote sensing geological exploration instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instruments are professional instruments that use hyperspectral remote sensing technology to capture the reflection or emission information of ground objects in different spectral bands, so as to accurately detect and analyze geological structures, mineral resources, rock types, etc. They have important application value in geological exploration, resource survey and other fields.

[0003] Currently, to improve the flexibility and coverage of surveys, hyperspectral survey instruments are often carried out using drones, leveraging the drone's mobility to complete geological surveys in different areas. However, in actual operation, this method has two prominent problems: First, dust in the working environment easily adheres to the lens of the hyperspectral survey instrument. As dust accumulates, the lens's light transmittance and clarity are severely affected, leading to a significant reduction in the accuracy of the data collected by the instrument, making it difficult to provide accurate and reliable data support for geological surveys. Second, when the drone lands after completing its operation, the impact force generated upon contact with the ground directly affects the hyperspectral survey instrument. This impact force can easily damage the instrument's internal precision components, affecting its service life and even causing direct damage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument that can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument, comprising: The drone has two symmetrically distributed outriggers fixedly mounted on its bottom. A protective shell, which is fixedly installed on the bottom of the drone, has a transparent viewing window at the bottom; A hyperspectral survey instrument, wherein the hyperspectral survey instrument is housed within a protective casing and the lens of the hyperspectral survey instrument faces a transparent viewing window; Side shell, which is fixedly mounted on one outer wall of the protective shell; A wiping mechanism is disposed inside the side shell and is used to reciprocate wiping the transparent window; A buffer mechanism, housed within a protective casing, is used to buffer and protect the hyperspectral survey instrument during UAV landing.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution, the wiping mechanism includes a miniature electromagnetic clutch, which is fixedly installed inside the side shell. A rotating shaft is rotatably provided on one side wall of the side shell. One end of the rotating shaft is keyed to the drive shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch, and the other end is fixedly connected to an impeller. A reciprocating screw is rotatably provided on the other inner wall of the side shell. The other end of the reciprocating screw is keyed to the driven shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch. Two guide rods are fixedly connected between the two inner walls of the side shell and below the reciprocating screw. A movable seat that cooperates with the reciprocating screw is slidably sleeved on the two guide rods. A movable plate is provided below the transparent window. A cleaning cotton swab is provided on the upper side wall of the movable plate. An L-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the movable seat. The other end of the L-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution, the buffer mechanism includes two buffer grooves symmetrically opened on the upper inner wall of the protective shell, a buffer block is slidably arranged in the buffer groove, a buffer spring is provided between the buffer block and the buffer groove, a connecting rod is hinged on the lower side wall of the buffer block, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the top of the hyperspectral survey instrument, and the two connecting rods are distributed in a V shape.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution, the bottom of the support leg is provided with a shock-absorbing pad.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution, heat dissipation vents are provided on both sides of the protective shell, and dustproof mesh is embedded in the heat dissipation vents.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution, a damper is installed at the center of the upper inner wall of the protective shell, and the telescopic end of the damper is fixedly connected to the hyperspectral survey instrument.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution, guide grooves are provided on both inner walls of the protective shell, and sliders are slidably provided in the guide grooves. Adapter arms are fixedly connected to both inner walls of the hyperspectral survey instrument, and the other end of the adapter arm is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution, the miniature electromagnetic clutch is connected to the control system of the UAV via wired communication.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By incorporating a protective shell and a transparent window at its bottom, the shell effectively shields the lens of the hyperspectral imager, preventing dust from the working environment from directly adhering to the lens. Simultaneously, the wind power generated during the drone's movement drives a wiping mechanism that promptly wipes the transparent window, effectively removing dust and other debris, ensuring its cleanliness and light transmittance. This, in turn, ensures the hyperspectral imager can continuously acquire accurate data, providing reliable data support for geological exploration.

[0014] 2. By setting up a buffer mechanism, when the UAV lands and makes contact with the ground, the buffer mechanism can effectively buffer and absorb the impact force, preventing the impact force from acting directly on the hyperspectral survey instrument. This reduces the risk of the survey instrument being damaged by the impact force and helps to extend the service life of the instrument. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective shell structure of a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective shell of a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wiping mechanism of a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Drone; 11. Legs; 2. Protective shell; 21. Transparent window; 3. Hyperspectral imager; 4. Side shell; 5. Wiping mechanism; 6. Buffer mechanism; 51. Miniature electromagnetic clutch; 52. Shaft; 53. Impeller; 54. Reciprocating screw; 55. Guide rod; 56. Moving seat; 57. Moving plate; 571. Cleaning wipe; 58. L-shaped connecting plate; 61. Buffer groove; 62. Buffer block; 63. Buffer spring; 64. Connecting rod; 12. Shock absorber; 22. Heat dissipation vent; 23. Dustproof net; 24. Damper; 25. Guide groove; 26. Slider; 27. Adapter arm. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the technical means, creative features, and objectives of this utility model easier to understand, the following describes this utility model in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument, including: a drone 1, a protective shell 2, a hyperspectral survey instrument 3, a side shell 4, a wiping mechanism 5, and a buffer mechanism 6. Two symmetrically distributed support legs 11 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the drone 1. The protective shell 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drone 1, and the bottom of the protective shell 2 has a transparent window 21. The hyperspectral survey instrument 3 is installed inside the protective shell 2, with its lens facing the transparent window 21. The side shell 4 is fixedly installed on one outer wall of the protective shell 2. The wiping mechanism 5 is installed inside the side shell 4 and is used to repeatedly wipe the transparent window 21 to remove dust, water vapor condensate, and other impurities adhering to the transparent window 21. The buffer mechanism 6 is installed inside the protective shell 2 and is used to buffer and protect the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 when the drone 1 lands, preventing damage to the internal precision components of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3, such as the spectral sensor and lens module.

[0020] To further explain, the UAV 1 serves as the mobile carrier of the entire surveying instrument, enabling comprehensive surveying of different geological areas through its mobility. Symmetrically arranged support legs 11 at the bottom support the UAV 1 during landing, preventing direct contact between the fuselage and the ground. The protective shell 2 provides a sealed protective space for the hyperspectral surveying instrument 3. Its transparent viewing window 21 at the bottom is preferably made of high-transmittance acrylic or quartz material, ensuring that the lens of the hyperspectral surveying instrument 3 can clearly acquire ground spectral data while preventing external dust from directly adhering to the lens. The hyperspectral surveying instrument 3 is the core detection component, housing a built-in spectral acquisition module and data processing unit. With its lens facing the transparent viewing window 21, it can capture the reflection and emission information of ground objects in different spectral bands in real time, providing raw data for geological structure and mineral resource analysis. The hyperspectral surveying instrument 3 is common knowledge in the field, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here. The side shell 4 serves as the mounting carrier for the wiping mechanism 5. Its internal space can accommodate the power and transmission components of the wiping mechanism 5, preventing the components from being exposed to external environmental interference.

[0021] Further explanation: The wiping mechanism 5 includes a miniature electromagnetic clutch 51, which is fixedly installed inside the side shell 4. A rotating shaft 52 is rotatably installed on one side wall of the side shell 4. One end of the rotating shaft 52 is keyed to the drive shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51, and the other end is fixedly connected to an impeller 53. A reciprocating screw 54 is rotatably installed on the other inner wall of the side shell 4. The other end of the reciprocating screw 54 is keyed to the driven shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51. Two guide rods 55 are fixedly connected between the two inner walls of the side shell 4 and below the reciprocating screw 54. A movable seat 56 that cooperates with the reciprocating screw 54 is slidably sleeved on the two guide rods 55. A movable plate 57 is provided below the transparent window 21. A cleaning cotton swab 571 is provided on the upper side wall of the movable plate 57. An L-shaped connecting plate 58 is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the movable seat 56. The other end of the L-shaped connecting plate 58 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 57.

[0022] To further explain, when the drone 1 flies, it generates relative airflow, which drives the impeller 53 to rotate, providing a power source for the wiping mechanism 5 without additional energy consumption. The rotating shaft 52 can transmit the rotational power of the impeller 53 to the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51. When the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 is energized, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are engaged, and the power can be transmitted to the reciprocating screw 54. When the power is off, the two are separated, and the impeller 53 rotates idling but does not drive the reciprocating screw 54, thus achieving control of the wiping function. The reciprocating screw 54 has two threaded grooves with the same pitch but opposite directions. A slider adapted to the threaded grooves is provided above the moving seat 56. Rotation of the reciprocating screw 54 causes the side of the threaded grooves to push the slider placed within the threaded grooves to perform axial reciprocating motion. This allows the moving seat 56 to reciprocate without changing the direction of rotation of the reciprocating screw 54. Two guide rods 55 are fixed parallel to the inner wall of the side shell 4 to limit the direction of movement of the moving seat 56 and prevent it from rotating with the reciprocating screw 54. The reciprocating screw 54 and the moving seat 56 are common mechanical transmission structures and will not be described in detail here. The L-shaped connecting plate 58 transmits the reciprocating motion of the moving seat 56 to the moving plate 57. The cleaning wipe 571 on the moving plate 57 is in close contact with the lower surface of the transparent window 21. When the moving plate 57 reciprocates, the cleaning wipe 571 can thoroughly wipe the transparent window 21, removing accumulated dust. The cleaning wipe 571 is preferably made of high-density dust-free cotton.

[0023] To further explain, the buffer mechanism 6 includes two buffer grooves 61 symmetrically opened on the upper inner wall of the protective shell 2. A buffer block 62 is slidably arranged in the buffer groove 61. A buffer spring 63 is provided between the buffer block 62 and the buffer groove 61. A connecting rod 64 is hinged to the lower side wall of the buffer block 62. The other end of the connecting rod 64 is hinged to the top of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3. The two connecting rods 64 are distributed in a V shape.

[0024] To further explain, the buffer groove 61 provides sliding space for the buffer block 62, restricting the movement direction of the buffer block 62. A hinge seat is provided on the lower side wall of the buffer block 62 for connecting the connecting rod 64. The buffer spring 63 is initially in a naturally extended state; when compressed, it generates an elastic restoring force to absorb impact force. The two connecting rods 64 are arranged in a V-shape, with their upper ends hinged to the two buffer blocks 62 respectively, and their lower ends hinged together to the top of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3. The V-shaped structure converts the vertically downward impact force on the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 into a horizontal component force on both sides of the two buffer blocks 62 along the buffer groove 61, thus dispersing the force.

[0025] To further explain, the bottom of the outrigger 11 is equipped with a shock-absorbing pad 12.

[0026] To further explain, the shock-absorbing pad 12 is preferably made of highly elastic rubber or silicone. When the drone 1 lands, the shock-absorbing pad 12 can absorb some of the landing impact through its own elastic deformation, reducing the subsequent impact transmitted to the protective shell 2 and the hyperspectral survey instrument 3. In addition, the shock-absorbing pad 12 can also increase the friction between the outriggers 11 and the ground, improving the parking stability of the drone 1.

[0027] To further explain, heat dissipation vents 22 are provided on both sides of the protective shell 2, and dustproof mesh 23 is embedded in the heat dissipation vents 22.

[0028] To further explain, when the hyperspectral surveyor 3 is working, the internal spectral sensor and data processing chip generate heat. If this heat accumulates inside the enclosed protective housing 2, it will cause the instrument temperature to rise, affecting the accuracy of spectral acquisition. The heat dissipation vent 22 can form a side-in, side-out air convection channel, expelling hot air from inside the protective housing 2 and drawing in cool outside air, achieving passive heat dissipation and maintaining a stable operating temperature for the hyperspectral surveyor 3. The dustproof mesh 23 can prevent dust and sand particles from the external environment from entering the interior of the protective housing 2 through the heat dissipation vent 22, preventing dust from adhering to the lens, circuit board, or sensor surface of the hyperspectral surveyor 3 and avoiding component failure. The dustproof mesh 23 is preferably a metal dustproof mesh or a high-density nylon mesh.

[0029] To further explain, a damper 24 is installed at the center of the upper inner wall of the protective shell 2, and the telescopic end of the damper 24 is fixedly connected to the hyperspectral survey instrument 3.

[0030] To further explain, after absorbing the impact force, the buffer spring 63 in the buffer mechanism 6 will rebound due to the elastic restoring force, meaning the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 will sway up and down. This continuous vibration may still damage precision components. The damper 24 uses the viscous resistance of its internal damping medium to dissipate the vibrational energy generated by the rebound of the buffer spring 63, allowing the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 to quickly stabilize at its initial position and avoid repeated shaking.

[0031] To further explain, guide grooves 25 are provided on both inner walls of the protective shell 2, and sliders 26 are slidably provided in the guide grooves 25. Adapter arms 27 are fixedly connected to both inner walls of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3, and the other end of the adapter arm 27 is fixedly connected to the slider 26.

[0032] To further explain, when the UAV 1 lands or is subjected to turbulence, the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 can only drive the slider 26 to move vertically up and down along the guide groove 25 via the adapter arm 27, avoiding lateral or tilting, and ensuring that the lens of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 is always aligned with the center area of ​​the transparent window 21, without affecting the acquisition of spectral data.

[0033] To further explain, the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 is connected to the control system of the UAV 1 via wired communication.

[0034] To further explain, the operator can send on / off commands to the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 via the ground control system or remote controller of the UAV 1. When the data collected by the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 has poor clarity, the operator controls the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 to be energized and engaged, activating the wiping mechanism 5. When the transparent window 21 is clean or does not require wiping, the operator controls the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 to be de-energized and disengaged, stopping the wiping process.

[0035] It should be noted that this utility model is a hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument. In use, the operator controls the drone 1 to take off via remote control. After the outriggers 11 leave the ground, the drone 1 flies along a preset survey route, or is manually controlled, to cover the target geological area. The hyperspectral survey instrument 3 starts working, collecting spectral data of ground features in real time through the transparent window 21, such as the reflectance spectra of rocks, soil, and vegetation. The data can be transmitted in real time to the ground control system for storage, or temporarily stored in the built-in storage module of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3. During flight, the guide groove 25 and the slider 26 ensure that the lens of the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 is always aligned with the transparent window 21, preventing lens displacement due to airflow turbulence. The operator uses the data clarity collected by the hyperspectral imager 3 to determine whether the transparent viewing window 21 is dusty. If wiping is required, an energizing command is sent to the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51. The drive shaft and driven shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 engage. The airflow generated by the UAV 1 during flight drives the impeller 53 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 52, the driven shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51, and the reciprocating screw 54 to rotate. This causes the moving seat 56 to reciprocate linearly along the guide rod 55. Through the L-shaped connecting plate 58, the moving plate 57 and the cleaning cotton swab 571 slide below the transparent viewing window 21 to wipe away the dust. Once the aerial image becomes clear again, an energizing command is sent to de-energize the clutch. The driven shaft and drive shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch 51 disengage, the impeller 53 idles, and the wiping mechanism 5 stops working. The UAV 1 returns to the landing point along the preset route, gradually decreasing its altitude and adjusting its attitude so that its outriggers 11 face the ground. The outriggers 11 make initial contact with the ground, and the shock-absorbing pads 12 absorb some of the impact force through elastic deformation, reducing the vibration transmitted to the protective shell 2. The remaining impact force is transmitted to the interior through the protective shell 2. The hyperspectral survey instrument 3 pushes two connecting rods 64, which in turn cause the buffer block 62 to slide laterally along the buffer groove 61, compressing the buffer spring 63. The elastic force of the buffer spring 63 absorbs most of the impact force. Simultaneously, the damper 24 extends and retracts, consuming the rebound energy of the buffer spring 63 and preventing the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 from repeatedly shaking. After the UAV 1 has completely landed on the ground, the power to both the hyperspectral survey instrument 3 and the UAV 1 is turned off, the survey data is exported, and the survey operation is completed.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument, characterized in that, include: The drone (1) has two symmetrically distributed legs (11) fixedly installed at its bottom. A protective shell (2) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drone (1), and the bottom of the protective shell (2) has a transparent window (21). Hyperspectral survey instrument (3), the hyperspectral survey instrument (3) is installed inside the protective shell (2), and the lens of the hyperspectral survey instrument (3) faces the transparent window (21). Side shell (4), the side shell (4) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the protective shell (2); Wiping mechanism (5), the wiping mechanism (5) is disposed inside the side shell (4), the wiping mechanism (5) is used to wipe the transparent window (21) back and forth; A buffer mechanism (6) is provided inside the protective shell (2) to buffer and protect the hyperspectral survey instrument (3) when the UAV (1) lands.

2. The hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wiping mechanism (5) includes a miniature electromagnetic clutch (51), which is fixedly installed inside the side shell (4). A rotating shaft (52) is rotatably provided on one side wall of the side shell (4). One end of the rotating shaft (52) is keyed to the drive shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch (51), and the other end is fixedly connected to an impeller (53). A reciprocating screw (54) is rotatably provided on the other inner wall of the side shell (4). The other end of the reciprocating screw (54) is keyed to the driven shaft of the miniature electromagnetic clutch (51). (4) Two guide rods (55) are fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides and below the reciprocating screw (54). The two guide rods (55) are slidably fitted with movable seats (56) that cooperate with the reciprocating screw (54). A movable plate (57) is provided below the transparent window (21). A cleaning cotton swab (571) is provided on the upper side wall of the movable plate (57). An L-shaped connecting plate (58) is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the movable seat (56). The other end of the L-shaped connecting plate (58) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (57).

3. The hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer mechanism (6) includes two buffer grooves (61) symmetrically opened on the upper inner wall of the protective shell (2). A buffer block (62) is slidably provided in the buffer groove (61). A buffer spring (63) is provided between the buffer block (62) and the buffer groove (61). A connecting rod (64) is hinged on the lower side wall of the buffer block (62). The other end of the connecting rod (64) is hinged to the top of the hyperspectral survey instrument (3). The two connecting rods (64) are distributed in a V shape.

4. The hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the outrigger (11) is provided with a shock-absorbing pad (12).

5. The hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell (2) has heat dissipation vents (22) on both sides, and a dustproof mesh (23) is embedded in the heat dissipation vents (22).

6. The hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A damper (24) is installed at the center of the upper inner wall of the protective shell (2), and the telescopic end of the damper (24) is fixedly connected to the hyperspectral survey instrument (3).

7. The hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Guide grooves (25) are provided on both inner walls of the protective shell (2), and sliders (26) are slidably provided in the guide grooves (25). Adapter arms (27) are fixedly connected to both inner walls of the hyperspectral survey instrument (3), and the other end of the adapter arm (27) is fixedly connected to the slider (26).

8. A hyperspectral remote sensing geological survey instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The micro electromagnetic clutch (51) is connected to the control system of the UAV (1) via wired communication.

Images