Low-damage bacteria bag unpacking machine based on flexible blade

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low breakage fungus bag bagging-off machine based on flexible cutting edge discloses a low breakage fungus bag bagging-off machine. Including frame, conveying component, bagging-off box body etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation equipment, and in particular to a low-damage mushroom bag removal machine based on a flexible blade. Background Technology

[0002] The edible mushroom industry is one of my country's distinctive and advantageous agricultural industries. As the core carrier for edible mushroom cultivation, the production efficiency and quality of the mushroom bags directly affect the industry's economic benefits. In the mushroom bag production process, the bag removal step is a crucial process involving peeling off the outer plastic or paper cultivation bag of the fully mycelium-covered bag, retaining the mushroom tube for subsequent inoculation and propagation. Traditional bag removal methods mainly rely on manual operation or simple mechanical assistance, which has significant limitations: First, manual bag removal is inefficient and labor-intensive. Manually cutting bags with a knife requires handling each bag individually, with a single person processing only 800-1200 bags per day, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production; moreover, the sharp blades can easily scratch the surface of the mushroom tube, increasing the risk of contamination by other microorganisms. Second, existing mechanical bag removal equipment has a high breakage rate. Some machines use rigid blades to directly cut the outer bag. Due to differences in bag size or misalignment, the blades can easily over-compress or pull the outer bag, causing the outer bag to tear and fragments to stick to the mushroom tube, or the mushroom tube to be scratched by sharp edges. The breakage rate is generally as high as 5%-8%, seriously affecting the yield of the finished product. Third, the equipment has poor adaptability and is complex to maintain. Traditional machinery mostly uses fixed-size positioning devices, which cannot be compatible with different sizes of mushroom bags; the cutting components are mostly integrated designs, and the whole unit needs to be replaced after the blade wears out, resulting in high maintenance costs; at the same time, the transmission mechanism for pushing mushroom bags is prone to jamming due to changes in the surface humidity and friction coefficient of the mushroom bags, affecting the stability of continuous operation.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a low-damage, highly adaptable, and highly automated mushroom bag removal device to resolve the contradiction between efficiency, quality, and cost in traditional technologies and promote the standardization and intelligent upgrading of edible mushroom production. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: This utility model discloses a low-damage mushroom bag removal machine based on a flexible cutting edge, comprising a frame, a conveying assembly, a bag removal box, a feeding hopper, a discharge port, a bag cutting assembly, a pushing assembly, and a blocking assembly. The frame is a frame structure. The conveying assembly is inclinedly disposed on one side above the frame, with its input end connected to the bottom discharge end of the feeding hopper and its output end connected to the top feeding port of the bag removal box. The bag removal box is an elongated cavity structure with an anti-scratch coating on its inner wall and a discharge port communicating with the interior on one side. The bag cutting assembly is disposed on the inner wall of the bag removal box near the discharge port and is used to cut the outer bag of the mushroom bag. The pushing assembly is disposed at the bottom along the length of the bag removal box and is used to push the mushroom bag towards the discharge port. The blocking assembly is disposed in the bag removal box near the feeding position of the conveying assembly's output end and is used to restrict the movement of the mushroom bag and cooperate with the bag cutting assembly to complete the cutting of the outer bag.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the conveying assembly includes a conveyor belt, a drive motor, a belt, a drive roller, and a driven roller; the conveyor belt is made of food-grade silicone material with a diamond-shaped anti-slip pattern on its surface, and its two ends are respectively wound around the drive roller and the driven roller to form a closed loop; both ends of the drive roller and the driven roller are fixed to the frame by bearing seats; the drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the frame by a bracket, and its output shaft is connected to the groove of the drive roller through a belt to drive the conveyor belt to rotate in a cycle.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the bag-cutting assembly includes a swing rod, a disc cutter, a U-shaped connecting block, a connecting rod, a cutter spring, and a horizontal fixing plate. The swing rod is inclinedly disposed inside the bag-removing box, and its top is hinged to the inner wall of the bag-removing box via a pin. The disc cutter is detachably fixed to the bottom end of the swing rod via a countersunk bolt, with the blade facing the central axis of the bag-removing box. The bottom of the U-shaped connecting block is hinged to the middle of the swing rod via a pin. The connecting rod is vertically disposed above the U-shaped connecting block, and its bottom end is provided with a limiting block and slidably connected to the groove at the top of the U-shaped connecting block. A cutter spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. The horizontal fixing plate is horizontally fixed to the inner wall of the bag-removing box, and the two ends of the cutter spring abut against the U-shaped connecting block and the horizontal fixing plate respectively. The pre-tightening force causes the swing rod to drive the disc cutter to maintain contact with the mushroom bag.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the pushing assembly includes a drive screw, a pushing bearing seat, a coupling, a servo motor, a slider, a pushing fixed seat, a rotary drive mechanism, a rotary pressing block, and a guide groove formed at the bottom of the unloading box. The drive screw is horizontally positioned below the bottom of the unloading box, and its two ends are fixed to the frame via the pushing bearing seat. One end of the coupling is fixedly connected to the input end of the drive screw, and the other end is drively connected to the output shaft of the servo motor. The slider is sleeved on the drive screw and forms a screw pair with the drive screw through a threaded engagement. The pushing fixed seat is fixed to the top of the slider and slidably connected to the guide groove. Its top passes through the guide groove at the bottom of the unloading box and has a clearance fit with the inner wall of the unloading box, used to push the mushroom bag to move along the length of the unloading box. The rotary drive mechanism is fixed to one side of the pushing fixed seat and includes a rotary motor and a rotary shaft. The side of the rotary pressing block is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the blocking assembly includes a blocking bracket, a fixed baffle, a floating baffle, a sliding bracket, a horizontal sliding shaft, a sliding drive cylinder, and a buffer pad. The blocking bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the bag-removing box, and its interior has an installation cavity communicating with the interior of the bag-removing box. The fixed baffle is semi-circular, fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the blocking bracket and close to the central axis of the bag-removing box, and its surface is covered with an elastic buffer pad. The floating baffle is semi-circular and is arranged opposite to the fixed baffle along the width direction of the bag-removing box, and its two sides are connected to the horizontal sliding shaft through the sliding bracket. The horizontal sliding shaft consists of two parallel guide rods that pass through the shaft holes on both sides of the blocking bracket and are clearance-fitted with the shaft holes. The sliding drive cylinder is fixed to the side of the blocking bracket, and its piston rod is fixedly connected to the sliding bracket, driving the floating baffle to slide along the horizontal sliding shaft to adjust the blocking spacing. The inner surface of the floating baffle is also covered with an elastic buffer pad for flexibly blocking the mushroom bags and adapting to mushroom bags of different sizes.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The bag-cutting assembly adopts a disc cutter combined with a cutter spring elastic buffer structure. The spring preload allows the cutter to adapt to fluctuations in the height and position of the mushroom bag, avoiding excessive pulling caused by rigid contact. The rotating pressure block of the pushing assembly works in coordination with the servo drive screw, ensuring uniform and controllable pressure during the pushing process. Combined with the anti-scratch coating on the inner wall of the bag-removing box, the tear rate of the outer bag is reduced from 5%-8% of traditional machinery to below 1%, and the scratch rate on the surface of the mushroom tube is basically eliminated. 2. The floating baffle of the blocking component can adjust the distance through a horizontal sliding shaft and a sliding drive cylinder, which can be adapted to different specifications of mushroom bags with diameters of 8-15cm; the modular design of the bag cutting component and the pushing component supports quick replacement of the cutting blade or adjustment of the pushing pressure to meet diverse production needs and significantly improve the equipment's versatility. 3. The conveying component uses a food-grade silicone conveyor belt and an inclined angle design to achieve stable feeding of the mushroom bags; the pushing component is precisely controlled by a servo motor to push the speed, which, together with the continuous cutting action of the bag cutting component, improves efficiency by more than 10 times compared to manual labor, and no manual intervention is required throughout the process, reducing labor costs. 4. The disc cutter is detachably fixed by countersunk bolts. After wear, only a single blade needs to be replaced, reducing maintenance time by 80%. The guide groove of the pushing component is designed to fit the clearance of the bag removal box, avoiding the screw pair from getting stuck due to impurities. Combined with the flexible contact of the buffer pad, the failure rate of the equipment during continuous operation is less than 0.5%, and the service life is extended by more than 30%. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the front view of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bag-cutting assembly in this utility model; In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Conveying assembly; 3. Bag cutting assembly; 4. Pushing assembly; 5. Blocking assembly; 6. Bag removal box; 7. Feed hopper; 8. Discharge port; 21. Conveyor belt; 22. Drive motor; 23. Belt; 24. Drive roller; 25. Driven roller; 31. Swing rod; 32. Disc cutter; 33. U-shaped connecting block; 34. Connecting rod; 35. Cutter spring; 36. Horizontal fixed plate; 41. Drive screw; 42. Push bearing housing; 43. Coupling; 44. Servo motor; 45. Slider; 46. Push fixed seat; 47. Rotary drive mechanism; 48. Rotary pressure block; 51. Blocking bracket; 52. Fixed stop; 53. Floating stop; 54. Sliding bracket; 55. Horizontal sliding shaft; 56. Sliding drive cylinder; 57. Buffer pad; 61. Anti-scratch coating; 62. Guide groove; 471. Rotary motor; 472. Rotary shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0013] In the attached diagram, all identical reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0014] Example 1: Basic Low-Breakage Mushroom Bag Removal Machine like Figure 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade. This embodiment is suitable for unpacking conventional edible mushroom bags with a diameter of 8-12cm.

[0015] The frame 1 is welded from rectangular steel pipes, with adjustable feet at the bottom and a horizontal top to provide a mounting base for each component.

[0016] Please see Figure 2 The conveying assembly 2 is installed on one side above the frame 1 at an inclination angle of 45°. The conveyor belt 21 is made of food-grade silicone with a diamond-shaped anti-slip texture on the surface. Both ends are wrapped around the drive roller 24 and the driven roller 25 to form a closed loop. The drive roller 24 and the driven roller 25 are fixed to the frame 1 by bearing seats. The drive motor 22 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 1 by a bracket. The output shaft is connected to the drive roller 24 via a belt 23 to drive the conveyor belt 21 to rotate in a cycle, and uniformly send the mushroom bags falling from the feed hopper 7 to the bag removal box 6.

[0017] The bag-removing box 6 is a long stainless steel cavity with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-scratch coating 61 on the inner wall. The top is equipped with an inlet to receive the mushroom bags output by the conveyor belt 21, and a rectangular outlet 8 is opened on one side.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 5 The bag-cutting assembly 3 is located on the inner wall of the bag-removing box 6 near the discharge port 8. The swing rod 31 is arranged at an angle, and its top end is hinged to the inner wall of the bag-removing box 6 by a pin. The disc cutter 32 is fixed to the bottom end of the swing rod 31 by a countersunk bolt, with the blade facing the center of the bag-removing box 6. The bottom of the U-shaped connecting block 33 is hinged to the middle of the swing rod 31 by a pin, and the top is provided with a vertical sliding groove. The connecting rod 34 is set vertically, with a limiting block at the bottom end that slides in cooperation with the sliding groove of the U-shaped connecting block 33, and a cutter spring 35 is sleeved on the outside. The horizontal fixing plate 36 is fixed to the inner wall of the bag-removing box 6. The two ends of the cutter spring 35 abut against the U-shaped connecting block 33 and the horizontal fixing plate 36 respectively. The pre-tightening force makes the swing rod 31 drive the disc cutter 32 to maintain contact with the mushroom bags on the conveyor belt. The cutting is adaptively adjusted according to the height fluctuation of the mushroom bags.

[0019] Please see Figure 2The blocking component 5 is located inside the bag-removing box 6 near the output end of the conveying component 2. The blocking bracket 51 is fixed to the outer wall of the bag-removing box 6 and has an internal mounting cavity. The fixed baffle 52 is a semi-circular elastic rubber plate fixed to the inner wall of the blocking bracket 51. The floating baffle 53 is a semi-circular elastic rubber plate, and its two sides are connected to two parallel horizontal sliding shafts 55 through sliding brackets 54. The horizontal sliding shafts 55 pass through the shaft holes on both sides of the blocking bracket 51 and are clearance-fitted with them. The sliding drive cylinder 56 is fixed to the side of the blocking bracket 51, and the piston rod is connected to the sliding bracket 54. It drives the floating baffle 53 to slide along the horizontal sliding shafts 55, adjusting the distance between the fixed baffle 52 and the floating baffle 53 to be slightly larger than the diameter of the mushroom bag, thus achieving flexible positioning.

[0020] Please see Figure 4 The pushing component 4 is located at the bottom along the length of the unpacking box 6. The drive screw 41 is horizontally arranged and fixed to the frame 1 at both ends via the pushing bearing seats 42. The coupling 43 connects the input end of the drive screw 41 to the output shaft of the servo motor 44. The slider 45 is threadedly engaged with the drive screw 41 and has a pushing fixing seat 46 fixed at the top. The pushing fixing seat 46 passes through the guide groove 62 at the bottom of the unpacking box 6 and is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the box, pushing the mushroom bag to move along the length of the box. The rotary drive mechanism 47 is fixed to one side of the pushing fixing seat 46 and includes a rotary motor 471 and a rotary shaft 472. The rotary pressing block 48 is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft 472 and rotates and presses the outer bag to assist in peeling as the mushroom bag moves.

[0021] Example 2: An improved bag-removing machine adapted to large-sized mushroom bags This embodiment is for large mushroom bags with a diameter of 12-15cm, by adjusting the parameters of the blocking component 5 and the bag cutting component 3.

[0022] In the blocking assembly 5, the length of the horizontal sliding shaft 55 is increased, the stroke of the sliding drive cylinder 56 is extended, and the maximum distance between the floating baffle 53 and the fixed baffle 52 is adjusted to sixteen centimeters. At the same time, the thickness of the elastic rubber plate of the fixed baffle 52 and the floating baffle 53 is increased to improve the clamping stability of large-sized mushroom bags.

[0023] In the bag-cutting assembly 3, the stiffness of the cutter spring 35 is reduced and the pre-tightening force adjustment range is expanded, which increases the up-and-down floating stroke of the swing rod 31 driving the disc cutter 32, adapting to scenarios with greater height deviation of the mushroom bags, and avoiding the cutter being unable to contact the outer bag due to excessive stacking of mushroom bags.

[0024] Example 3: Bag-removing machine for high cleanliness requirements This embodiment is used for medical or high-value-added edible fungi substrate bags, with enhanced anti-pollution design.

[0025] The conveyor belt 21 of the conveying assembly 2 is made of antibacterial food-grade silicone, and a nano-coating is added to the surface to reduce the adhesion of microorganisms; the drive motor 22 and the reduction mechanism are sealed in a dust cover to avoid dust pollution.

[0026] The inner wall anti-scratch coating 61 of the unpacking box 6 has been upgraded to a ceramic-based composite material, which is smoother and more resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the discharge port 8 is equipped with a sterile air curtain device to prevent external microorganisms from entering the box with the airflow and contaminating the unpacked mushroom tubes.

[0027] The disc cutter 32 of the bag cutting assembly 3 is made of titanium alloy and the cutting edge is blunted to reduce the generation of debris during cutting; the cutter spring 35 is covered with a dust cover to prevent bacterial residue from entering the spring gap and affecting the elastic performance.

[0028] In the above embodiments, each component achieves functional expansion through modular design. The core flexible blade, elastic buffer and precise drive technology are used throughout, which can meet the bag removal scenarios of different specifications and cleanliness requirements of mushroom bags, significantly reduce the breakage rate and improve the level of automation.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a conveying assembly (2), a bag-removing box (6), a feeding hopper (7), a discharge port (8), a bag-cutting assembly (3), a pushing assembly (4), and a blocking assembly (5); the frame (1) is a frame structure; the conveying assembly (2) is inclinedly arranged on one side above the frame (1), its input end is connected to the bottom discharge end of the feeding hopper (7), and its output end is connected to the top feeding port of the bag-removing box (6); the bag-removing box (6) is an elongated cavity structure, and the inner wall is provided with a scratch-resistant coating (61). A discharge port (8) communicating with the interior is provided on one side; the bag cutting component (3) is set on the inner wall of the bag removal box (6) near the discharge port (8) and is used to cut the outer bag of the mushroom bag; the pushing component (4) is set at the bottom of the bag removal box (6) along its length and is used to push the mushroom bag to move toward the discharge port (8); the blocking component (5) is set in the bag removal box (6) near the feed position of the output end of the conveying component (2) and is used to restrict the movement of the mushroom bag and cooperate with the bag cutting component (3) to complete the cutting of the outer bag.

2. The low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying assembly (2) includes a conveyor belt (21), a drive motor (22), a belt (23), a drive roller (24), and a driven roller (25). The conveyor belt (21) is made of food-grade silicone material and has a diamond-shaped anti-slip pattern on its surface. Its two ends are respectively wrapped around the drive roller (24) and the driven roller (25) to form a closed loop. Both ends of the drive roller (24) and the driven roller (25) are fixed to the frame (1) by bearing seats. The drive motor (22) is fixed to the bottom of the frame (1) by a bracket, and its output shaft is connected to the groove of the drive roller (24) through the belt (23) to drive the conveyor belt (21) to rotate in a cycle.

3. The low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bag-cutting assembly (3) includes a swing rod (31), a disc cutter (32), a U-shaped connecting block (33), a connecting rod (34), a cutter spring (35), and a horizontal fixing plate (36); the swing rod (31) is inclinedly arranged inside the bag-removing box (6), and its top is hinged to the inner wall of the bag-removing box (6) by a pin; the disc cutter (32) is detachably fixed to the bottom end of the swing rod (31) by a countersunk bolt, with the blade facing the central axis of the bag-removing box (6); the bottom of the U-shaped connecting block (33) is connected to the swing rod (34) by a pin. 1) The middle position is hinged; the connecting rod (34) is vertically set above the U-shaped connecting block (33), and its bottom end is provided with a limiting block and is slidably connected with the top groove of the U-shaped connecting block (33). The connecting rod (34) is sleeved with a cutter spring (35); the horizontal fixing plate (36) is horizontally fixed on the inner side wall of the bag removal box (6), and the two ends of the cutter spring (35) abut against the U-shaped connecting block (33) and the horizontal fixing plate (36) respectively. The pre-tightening force makes the swing rod (31) drive the disc cutter (32) to maintain the tendency to contact the mushroom bag.

4. The low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing assembly (4) includes a drive screw (41), a pushing bearing seat (42), a coupling (43), a servo motor (44), a slider (45), a pushing fixed seat (46), a rotary drive mechanism (47), a rotary pressure block (48), and a guide groove (62) opened at the bottom of the bag-removing box (6); the drive screw (41) is horizontally arranged below the bottom of the bag-removing box (6), and its two ends are fixed to the frame (1) through the pushing bearing seat (42); one end of the coupling (43) is fixedly connected to the input end of the drive screw (41), and the other end is drivenly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (44); the... The slider (45) is sleeved on the drive screw (41) and threadedly engaged with the drive screw (41) to form a screw pair; the push fixing seat (46) is fixed on the top of the slider (45) and slidably connected to the guide groove (62), the top of which passes through the guide groove (62) at the bottom of the bag removal box (6) and is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the bag removal box (6) to push the mushroom bag to move along the length direction of the bag removal box (6); the rotary drive mechanism (47) is fixed on one side of the push fixing seat (46) and includes a rotary motor (471) and a rotary shaft (472); the side of the rotary pressing block (48) is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft (472).

5. The low-damage mushroom bag unpacking machine based on a flexible blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking assembly (5) includes a blocking bracket (51), a fixed baffle (52), a floating baffle (53), a sliding bracket (54), a horizontal sliding shaft (55), a sliding drive cylinder (56), and a buffer pad (57); the blocking bracket (51) is fixed to the outer wall of the bag-removing box (6), and its interior has an installation cavity communicating with the interior of the bag-removing box (6); the fixed baffle (52) is semi-circular, fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the blocking bracket (51) and close to the central axis of the bag-removing box (6), and its surface is covered with an elastic buffer pad (57); the floating baffle (53) is semi-circular and is aligned with the fixed baffle (52) along the bag-removing box (6). The bag box (6) is arranged opposite each other in the width direction, and its two sides are connected to the horizontal sliding shaft (55) through the sliding bracket (54); the horizontal sliding shaft (55) consists of two parallel guide rods that pass through the shaft holes on both sides of the blocking bracket (51) and are clearance-fitted with the shaft holes; the sliding drive cylinder (56) is fixed to the side of the blocking bracket (51), and its piston rod is fixedly connected to the sliding bracket (54) to drive the floating baffle (53) to slide along the horizontal sliding shaft (55) to adjust the blocking distance; the inner surface of the floating baffle (53) is also wrapped with an elastic buffer pad (57) for flexible blocking of the mushroom bag and adapting to mushroom bags of different sizes.

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