Height-adjustable steering mechanism and fork truck

Abstract

The utility model relates to a forklift steering system technical field, concretely relates to a height -adjustable steering mechanism and forklift, including the fixed component for supporting lifting assembly and steering component, lifting assembly is lifted relative fixed component, and lifting assembly includes limit pin, and limit pin forms detachable connection with fixed component to adjust the height relative fixed component, the height of steering component and limit pin is relatively fixed, and steering component can output the torque to drive forklift tire assembly steering, the utility model discloses through limit pin and fixed component form detachable connection, adjust the height of lifting assembly relative fixed component, and the fixed part fixed connection of lifting assembly and steering component, and then adjust the height of steering component relative fixed component, and the rotating part of steering component rotates relative its fixed part to output the torque, and then steering component height -adjusting structure and torque transmission structure separate, and then the rotating part of steering component can stably output the torque.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of forklift steering systems, specifically to an adjustable-height steering mechanism and a forklift. Background Technology

[0002] A forklift is a type of engineering machinery used for material handling. Its cab primarily consists of: an overhead guard to protect the driver from falling objects, a driver's seat, a hood / seat mounting base for the driver's seat, and a steering system for mounting the steering wheel and transmitting steering torque. In certain operational scenarios (such as inside warehouses, containers, and trucks), there are height restrictions for loading and unloading. To adapt to low-ceilinged spaces and prevent the overhead guard from colliding with ceilings or door frames, forklift customers often request non-standard height overhead guards, which are lower than the standard height. When engineers lower the overhead guard height, they need to lower the hood height to maintain a safe headroom for the driver. This necessitates lowering the height of the hood, seat, and seat mounting base. To maintain a consistent relative height between the steering wheel and seat, ensuring driver comfort, the steering column height must be lowered simultaneously to reduce the steering wheel height.

[0003] Chinese patent CN109572799B discloses an angle-adjusting and lifting steering column mechanism, belonging to the field of electric forklift technology. It includes a steering gear, a steering wheel, and a base. A hollow guide column is fixed to the upper part of the base. A left fixed plate and a right fixed plate are hinged to both sides of the base and fixed to the vehicle frame. A hollow steering column is slidably fitted onto the guide column, and the steering wheel is mounted on the upper end of the steering column. An angle adjustment device is provided between the left fixed plate and the base; a height adjustment device is provided between the steering column and the base. This invention increases the contact area with the steering column by using a friction plate, thereby achieving height adjustment of the steering column relative to the base. However, the steering column and friction plate of this patent achieve torque transmission through static friction on the contact surface, which means that there is a maximum value of torque that the steering column can transmit. This maximum value is related to the friction coefficient of the contact surface and the pressure applied. When the friction plate wears down after long-term use, its friction coefficient decreases, which in turn reduces the maximum torque of the steering column of this patent. Furthermore, there is a risk of slippage when transmitting torque through static friction, which can cause the forklift to fail to turn. As a result, it cannot stably transmit the torque transmitted by the steering column. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention addresses the problem that existing steering column height adjustment devices cannot stably transmit the torque transmitted by the steering column, by providing an adjustable-height steering mechanism and forklift. The specific technical solution is as follows: An adjustable-height steering mechanism includes: a fixed component for supporting a lifting component and a steering component; the lifting component is raised and lowered relative to the fixed component, the lifting component includes a limit pin, the limit pin is detachably connected to the fixed component to adjust the height relative to the fixed component; the height of the steering component and the limit pin is relatively fixed, and the steering component is capable of outputting torque to drive the forklift tire assembly to steer.

[0005] Furthermore, the lifting assembly also includes a movable slider that moves up and down relative to the fixed assembly along with the limit pin, the limit pin moving closer to or further away from the fixed assembly along the movable slider to form a detachable connection with the fixed assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the movable slider includes: a slider body connected to the lifting bracket, the slider body driving the lifting bracket and the steering assembly to rise and fall; a second groove formed inside the slider body, the second groove having an open end near the fixed assembly, the bottom of the second groove forming a third through hole penetrating the slider body, a limiting pin passing through the third through hole and the second groove, and moving closer to or further away from the fixed assembly along the third through hole and the second groove to form a detachable connection with the fixed assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting assembly further includes a compression spring disposed around the periphery of the limiting pin. One end of the compression spring is connected to the lifting bracket, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to a compression plate disposed in the second groove. The compression plate can move closer to or away from the fixing assembly along the side of the second groove. The compression plate forms a fourth through hole through which the limiting pin passes, and the diameter of the end of the limiting pin near the compression plate is larger than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole. The limiting pin can move closer to or away from the fixing assembly along the second groove and the third through hole. When the limiting pin drives the compression plate away from the fixing assembly, the compression spring is compressed and deformed.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the limiting pin away from the fixed component is connected to a handle, which can drive the limiting pin away from the fixed component to open the detachable connection and move the sliding block.

[0009] Preferably, the depth H1 of the second groove and the length H2 of the detachable connection formed by the limiting pin satisfy: H1≥H2.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing component further includes a fixed slide rail that moves relative to the movable slider, and the fixed slide rail is connected to the instrument mounting plate for support and fixing; the fixed slide rail includes a slide rail body that is slidably connected to the movable slider, and the slide rail body forms a plurality of limiting through holes along the lifting direction, and the limiting pins are embedded in or not embedded in the limiting through holes to form a detachable connection.

[0011] Preferably, the movable slider includes a slider body, and the slider body has concave first grooves formed on both sides along the lifting direction; the fixed slide rail includes convex limiting protrusions, and the slide rail body has a cavity for placing the slider body along the lifting direction, and limiting protrusions are formed on both sides along the lifting direction of the cavity, and the limiting protrusions are slidably connected to the first grooves respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the steering assembly includes a steering column connected to a lifting bracket, which drives the steering column to move up and down along the axial direction; the top of the steering column is connected to a steering wheel, which can output torque through the steering column; the bottom of the steering column is connected to a hydraulic steering unit via a spline, which can amplify and transmit the torque output by the steering column to drive the forklift tire assembly to steer.

[0013] A forklift includes: a steering mechanism; a forklift tire assembly connected to the steering assembly; and a seat mounting base connected to a fixing assembly.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This utility model forms a detachable connection between the limiting pin and the fixed component, adjusting the height of the lifting component relative to the fixed component. The fixed parts of the lifting component and the steering component are fixedly connected, thereby adjusting the height of the steering component relative to the fixed component. The rotating part of the steering component rotates relative to its fixed part to output torque, thus separating the steering component height adjustment structure from the torque transmission structure, and enabling the rotating part of the steering component to stably output torque. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A; Figure 3 for Figure 2 BB section view in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point C in the image; Figure 5 A front view showing the cooperation between the fixed slide rail and the movable slider; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Fixed assembly; 11. Instrument mounting plate; 12. Fixed slide rail; 121. Slide rail body; 122. Limiting protrusion; 123. Limiting through hole; 2. Lifting assembly; 21. Moving slider; 211. Slider body; 212. First slide groove; 213. Second groove; 214. Third through hole; 22. Limiting pin; 23. Lifting bracket; 24. Compression spring; 25. Compression plate; 251. Fourth through hole; 26. Handle; 3. Steering assembly; 31. Steering column; 32. Hydraulic steering gear; 33. Steering wheel; 4. Forklift tire assembly; 5. Seat mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0019] Example 2 like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment 2 is a forklift, which includes: a steering mechanism; a seat mounting base 5 connected to the fixed component 1; and a forklift tire assembly 4 connected to the steering component 3.

[0020] Specifically, in this embodiment, the height of the forklift's overhead guard is lower than the normal height. The fixing component 1 is fixedly connected to the seat mounting base 5 by bolts, so that the steering component 3, the support component, and the fixing component 1 can all be fixed relative to the seat mounting base 5. Secondly, the forklift tire assembly 4 includes a tire and a tire bracket for mounting the tire. The tire bracket is fixedly connected to the steering component 3 and rotatably connected to the seat mounting base 5, so that the operator can output torque by rotating the steering component 3, thereby driving the tire bracket to rotate, and thus driving the tires of the non-standard height forklift to turn left or right.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment is an adjustable height steering mechanism, which includes: a fixed component 1 for supporting the lifting component 2 and the steering component 3; the lifting component 2 is raised and lowered relative to the fixed component 1, the lifting component 2 includes a limiting pin 22, the limiting pin 22 is detachably connected to the fixed component 1 to adjust the height relative to the fixed component 1; the height of the steering component 3 and the limiting pin 22 is relatively fixed, and the steering component 3 outputs torque through a spline to drive the forklift tire assembly 4 to steer.

[0022] Specifically, the fixing component 1 is fixedly connected to the seat mounting base 5, and the height direction of the fixing component 1 is the lifting direction of the lifting component 2 and the steering component 3. Secondly, the fixing component 1 and the limiting pin 22 form a movable limiting structure, which is detachably connected. The fixing component 1 adjusts the height of the limiting pin 22 relative to itself through this limiting structure. The detachable connection forms an openable limiting structure, such as the limiting pin 22 and the fixing component 1 forming an openable bolt connection, where the two are relatively fixed by the preload between the bolts. Alternatively, the limiting pin 22 can form a detachable connection with the fixing component 1 at different heights, thereby adjusting the height of the limiting pin 22 relative to itself. Thirdly, the steering component 3 and the lifting component 2 are fixedly connected by bolts or welding, so that the steering component 3 is fixed relative to the limiting pin 22. Thus, while the limiting pin 22 adjusts its own height, it can also adjust the height of the steering component 3 relative to the fixing component 1, thereby adjusting the height of the steering component 3 relative to the seat mounting base 5.

[0023] Secondly, the fixed part of the steering assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the lifting assembly 2. During the torque output process of the steering assembly 3, the lifting assembly 2 is fixed relative to the axis of the steering assembly 3 through a fixed connection structure such as welding or bolts. The steering assembly 3 outputs torque through a spline. The rotating part of the steering assembly 3 that transmits torque is separated from the lifting assembly 2, so that the rotation of the rotating part will not affect the positional relationship between the lifting assembly 2 and the fixed assembly 1 after the rotation is resisted, and will not cause the steering assembly 3 to fail to turn. This avoids the relative slippage between the lifting assembly 2 and the steering assembly 3 due to excessive output torque, which could cause steering failure and accidents. Thus, this embodiment can both adjust the height of the steering assembly 3 relative to the seat mounting base 5 and stably transmit the torque output by the steering assembly 3. The sliding structure of the lifting assembly 2 along the fixed assembly 1 and the detachable connection with the fixed assembly 1 can prevent the lifting assembly 2 from rotating relative to the fixed assembly 1, providing a resisting torque for the lifting assembly 2, thereby preventing the fixed part of the steering assembly 3 that is fixedly connected to the lifting assembly 2 from rotating relative to the fixed assembly 1.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the lifting assembly 2 also includes a movable slider 21 that moves up and down relative to the fixed assembly 1 along with the limiting pin 22. The limiting pin 22 moves closer to or further away from the fixed assembly 1 along the movable slider 21 to form a detachable connection with the fixed assembly 1.

[0025] Specifically, the movable slider 21 is slidably connected to the fixed component 1, and its movement direction is the lifting direction of the steering component 3, that is, the height direction of the fixed component 1; wherein, the limiting pin 22 passes through the movable slider 21 and is detachably connected to the fixed component 1, and its axis is perpendicular to the height direction of the fixed component 1 and the movement direction of the movable slider 21. When the limiting pin 22 moves away from the fixed component 1 along the movable slider 21, it separates from the fixed component 1. The operator can adjust the height of the lifting component 2 and the steering component 3 relative to the fixed component 1 by adjusting the height of the limiting pin 22 relative to the fixed component 1, so that the driver can operate the steering component 3 in a comfortable driving posture, thereby achieving steering. When the limiting pin 22 moves closer to the fixed component 1 along the movable slider 21, it is fixed relative to the fixed component 1, so that the steering component 3, the lifting component 2 and the fixed component 1 are relatively fixed, thereby stably maintaining the relative height between the steering component 3 and the driver. Moreover, the rotating part of the steering component 3 used to transmit torque rotates relative to the lifting component 2, thereby preventing the steering component 3 from being detached from the fixed component 1 by a large external force impact, causing an accident.

[0026] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the movable slider 21 includes: a slider body 211 connected to the lifting bracket 23, the slider body 211 driving the lifting bracket 23 and the steering assembly 3 to rise and fall; a second groove 213 formed inside the slider body 211, the second groove 213 having an open end close to the fixed assembly 1, the bottom of the second groove 213 forming a third through hole 214 penetrating the slider body 211, the limiting pin 22 passing through the third through hole 214 and the second groove 213, and moving closer to or away from the fixed assembly 1 along the third through hole 214 and the second groove 213 to form a detachable connection with the fixed assembly 1.

[0027] Specifically, the slider body 211 is slidably connected to the fixed component 1, and its side away from the fixed component 1 is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket 23 by welding. The lifting bracket 23 is fixedly connected to the non-rotating part of the steering component 3 by bolts or welding, so that when the slider body 211 moves along the height direction of the fixed component 1, the slider body 211 can drive the lifting bracket 23 and the steering component 3 to move simultaneously along the height direction of the fixed component 1, thereby adjusting the height of the steering component 3.

[0028] Secondly, a through third through hole 214 and a second groove 213 are formed inside the slider body 211. The third through hole 214 is close to the lifting bracket 23, and the second groove 213 is close to the fixing component 1. The center lines of both are perpendicular to the height direction of the fixing component 1, and the inner diameters of both are larger than the diameter of the limiting pin 22. This allows the limiting pin 22 to pass through the third through hole 214 and the second groove 213 to form a detachable connection with the fixing component 1. Thus, the slider body 211 can be raised and lowered relative to the fixing component 1 through the limiting pin 22, and can also be fixed relative to the fixing component 1, so that the steering component 3 can adjust its height relative to the fixing component 1.

[0029] Furthermore, the lifting assembly 2 also includes a compression spring 24 disposed around the periphery of the limiting pin 22. One end of the compression spring 24 is connected to the lifting bracket 23, and the other end of the compression spring 24 is connected to the compression plate 25 disposed in the second groove 213. The compression plate 25 can move closer to or away from the fixing assembly 1 along the side of the second groove 213. The compression plate 25 forms a fourth through hole 251 through which the limiting pin 22 passes, and the diameter of the end of the limiting pin 22 near the compression plate 25 is larger than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole 251. The limiting pin 22 can move closer to or away from the fixing assembly 1 along the second groove 213 and the third through hole 214. When the limiting pin 22 drives the compression plate 25 away from the fixing assembly 1, the compression spring 24 is compressed and deformed.

[0030] Specifically, a compression spring 24 is sleeved on the outer side of the limiting pin 22, and its right end passes through the compression plate 25 through the fourth through hole 251. The compression plate 25 is set in the second groove 213 and moves along its inner side. The axial right end diameter of the limiting pin 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole 251. When the limiting pin 22 moves to the left along the axis under the action of external force to move away from the fixed component 1, its axial right end can drive the compression plate 25 to move to the left, thereby compressing the compression spring 24. At this time, the axial right end of the limiting pin 22 is separated from the fixed component 1, and the slider body 211 can drive the steering component 3 to move up and down relative to the fixed component 1. When the external force acting on the limiting pin 22 is removed, the compression spring 24 pushes the compression plate 25 to the right under the action of elastic force. The compression plate 25 drives the axial right end of the limiting pin 22 to move to the right, thereby fixing the limiting pin 22 relative to the fixed component 1, and thus keeping the slider body 211 relatively fixed to the fixed component 1.

[0031] Furthermore, the end of the limiting pin 22 away from the fixing component 1 is connected to the handle 26, which can drive the limiting pin 22 away from the fixing component 1 to open the detachable connection and move the sliding slider 21.

[0032] Specifically, a thread is formed on the outer lateral surface of the axial left end of the limiting pin 22, the threaded end passes through the middle through-hole of the handle 26, and a nut pushes the handle 26 toward the lifting bracket 23 and the slider body 211 through the thread, so that the handle 26, the lifting bracket 23 and the slider body 211 are relatively fixed, thereby enabling pulling the handle 26 to the left to separate the right end of the limiting pin 22 from the fixing assembly 1. When the limiting pin 22 is separated from the fixing assembly 1, moving the handle 26 up and down can adjust the slider body 211 to move up and down relative to the fixing assembly 1, thereby driving the steering assembly 3 to move up and down. When the height of the steering assembly 3 is determined, the limiting pin 22 is embedded into the fixing assembly 1 by releasing the handle 26, so that the two are relatively fixed, and thus the steering assembly 3 and the fixing assembly 1 are fixed in height; furthermore, the handle 26 is fixedly connected with the axial left end of the limiting pin 22, which prevents the limiting pin 22 from separating from the moving slider 21, which would cause the fixing function of the limiting pin 22 to fail and lead to accidents.

[0033] Further, for the depth H1 of the second groove 213 and the length H2 of the limiting pin 22 that forms a detachable connection, the following condition is satisfied: H1≥H2.

[0034] Specifically, the depth direction of the second groove 213 is perpendicular to the height direction of the fixing assembly 1, and the length H2 of the limiting pin 22 refers to the length of its axial right end and the thickness of the compression plate 25, which enables it to form a detachable connection with the fixing assembly 1. When H1≥H2, the rightmost side surface of the axial right end of the limiting pin 22 is completely placed in the second groove 213, and does not interfere with the fixing assembly 1, so that when an operator controls the handle 26 to adjust the height of the slider body 211, the axial right end of the limiting pin 22 will not collide with the fixing assembly 1; when H1<H2, the operator pulls the limiting pin 22 to the left to make it located at the leftmost position, and when adjusting the heights of the slider body 211 and the limiting pin 22, the axial right end of the limiting pin 22 will interfere with the fixing assembly 1, preventing the height adjustment.

[0035] Further, the fixing assembly 1 further comprises a fixed sliding rail 12 that moves relative to the moving slider 21, and the fixed sliding rail 12 is connected with an instrument mounting plate 11 for supporting and fixing; the fixed sliding rail 12 comprises a sliding rail body 121 slidably connected with the moving slider 21, a plurality of limiting through holes 123 are formed on the sliding rail body 121 along the lifting direction, and the limiting pin 22 is embedded in or not embedded in the limiting through holes 123 to form a detachable connection.

[0036] Specifically, the movable slider 21 is slidably connected to the fixed slide rail 12, the slide rail body 121 is fixedly connected to the instrument mounting plate 11 by bolts, and the instrument mounting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the seat mounting base 5 of the forklift by bolts, so that the slide rail body 121 and the seat mounting base 5 of the forklift are relatively fixed; wherein, the moving direction of the movable slider 21 is the lifting direction of the steering assembly 3, the length direction of the slide rail body 121 is consistent with the moving direction of the movable slider 21, the limiting pin 22 passes through the movable slider 21 and forms a detachable connection with the slide rail body 121, and the slide rail body 121 forms three limiting through holes 123 along its length direction. The inner diameter of the limiting through hole 123 is not less than the axial right end diameter of the limiting pin 22, so that the axial right end of the limiting pin 22 can be inserted into or not inserted into the limiting through hole 123 while moving left and right along the movable slider 21. When the limiting pin 22 is inserted into the limiting through hole 123, the limiting pin 22 and the movable slider 21 are fixed relative to the slide rail body 121, and the height of the two relative to the slide rail body 121 can be adjusted by inserting into the limiting through hole 123 at different heights. When the limiting pin 22 is not inserted into the limiting through hole 123, the limiting pin 22 and the movable slider 21 slide together relative to the slide rail body 121 to adjust the height relative to the slide rail body 121.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the movable slider 21 includes a slider body 211, and the slider body 211 has concave first grooves 212 formed on both sides along the lifting direction; the fixed slide rail 12 includes an outwardly protruding limiting protrusion 122, and the slide rail body 121 has a cavity for placing the slider body 211 along the lifting direction. The cavity has limiting protrusions 122 formed on both sides along the lifting direction, and the limiting protrusions 122 are slidably connected to the first grooves 212.

[0038] Specifically, the slider body 211 forms concave first grooves 212 on both sides along the lifting direction. The cross-section of the first grooves 212 is V-shaped. The inner sides of the slide rail body 121 along the lifting direction form convex limiting protrusions 122. The cross-section of the limiting protrusions 122 is an outwardly convex V-shape that matches the V-shape. The length direction of the limiting protrusions 122 and the first grooves 212 is consistent with the lifting direction. Secondly, the first grooves 212 are embedded in the limiting protrusions 122 to form a sliding connection. The outer side of the limiting protrusions 122 can restrict the first grooves 212 from approaching or moving away from the bottom of the slide rail body 121, thereby restricting the limiting pins 22 and the lifting bracket 23 from rotating relative to the fixed slide rail 12. At the same time, it can ensure the straightness of the lifting assembly 2 during movement, thereby ensuring that the fixed part of the steering assembly 3 can only move up and down along the length direction of the limiting protrusions 122.

[0039] Furthermore, the steering assembly 3 includes a steering column 31 connected to the lifting bracket 23, which drives the steering column 31 to rise and fall along the axial direction; the top of the steering column 31 is connected to the steering wheel 33, which can output torque through the steering column 31; the bottom of the steering column 31 is connected to the hydraulic steering unit 32 through a spline, which can amplify and transmit the torque output by the steering column 31 to drive the forklift tire assembly 4 to steer.

[0040] Specifically, the steering column 31 includes a housing for fixed connection with the lifting bracket 23. A rotatable shaft is located inside the housing. The top of the shaft is fixedly connected to the steering wheel 33. The operator rotates the steering wheel 33, thereby driving the shaft to rotate and transmitting torque. The shaft is the rotating part of the steering assembly 3, and the housing is the fixed part of the steering assembly 3. Furthermore, an external spline is formed at the bottom of the shaft, and an internal spline is formed at the input end of the hydraulic steering gear 32. Its torque output end is connected to the forklift tire assembly 4, and the two are connected to transmit torque to drive the forklift tire assembly 4 to steer. The hydraulic steering gear 32 is a standard product that uses hydraulic oil as the force transmission medium. It converts the small torque applied by the driver to the steering wheel 33 into hydraulic energy, which is then used to drive the steering wheel to deflect via a hydraulic cylinder, thereby amplifying the torque and preventing muscle fatigue caused by frequent steering.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0042] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this utility model are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A height-adjustable steering mechanism, characterized in that, The steering mechanism includes: A fixing component (1) for supporting the lifting assembly (2) and the steering assembly (3); The lifting component (2) is raised and lowered relative to the fixed component (1). The lifting component (2) includes a limiting pin (22), which is detachably connected to the fixed component (1) to adjust the height relative to the fixed component (1). The heights of the steering assembly (3) and the limiting pin (22) are relatively fixed, and the steering assembly (3) can output torque to drive the forklift tire assembly to turn.

2. The steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) also includes a movable slider (21) that moves up and down relative to the fixed assembly (1) along with the limiting pin (22). The limiting pin (22) moves closer to or further away from the fixed assembly (1) along the movable slider (21) to form a detachable connection with the fixed assembly (1).

3. The steering mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable slider (21) includes: A slider body (211) connected to the lifting bracket (23) drives the lifting bracket (23) and the steering assembly (3) to rise and fall; A second groove (213) is formed inside the slider body (211). The second groove (213) has an open end near the fixing component (1). A third through hole (214) is formed at the bottom of the second groove (213) through the slider body (211). The limiting pin (22) passes through the third through hole (214) and the second groove (213) and moves closer to or further away from the fixing component (1) along the third through hole (214) and the second groove (213) to form a detachable connection with the fixing component (1).

4. The steering mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) also includes a compression spring (24) disposed on the periphery of the limiting pin (22). One end of the compression spring (24) is connected to the lifting bracket (23), and the other end of the compression spring (24) is connected to a compression plate (25) disposed in the second groove (213). The compression plate (25) can move closer to or further away from the fixing assembly (1) along the side of the second groove (213). The compression plate (25) forms a fourth through hole (251) through which the limiting pin (22) passes, and the diameter of the end of the limiting pin (22) near the compression plate (25) is larger than the inner diameter of the fourth through hole (251). The limiting pin (22) can move closer to or further away from the fixing component (1) along the second groove (213) and the third through hole (214). When the limiting pin (22) drives the compression plate (25) away from the fixing component (1), the compression spring (24) is compressed and deformed.

5. The steering mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the limiting pin (22) away from the fixing component (1) is connected to the handle (26), and the handle (26) can drive the limiting pin (22) away from the fixing component (1) to open the detachable connection and move the movable slider (21).

6. The steering mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depth H1 of the second groove (213) and the length H2 of the detachable connection formed by the limiting pin (22) satisfy: H1≥H2.

7. The steering mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing component (1) further includes a fixed slide rail (12) that moves relative to the movable slider (21), and the fixed slide rail (12) is connected to the instrument mounting plate (11) for support and fixing. The fixed slide rail (12) includes a slide rail body (121) that is slidably connected to the movable slider (21). The slide rail body (121) forms a plurality of limiting through holes (123) along the lifting direction. The limiting pin (22) is embedded or not embedded in the limiting through holes (123) to form the detachable connection.

8. The steering mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable slider (21) includes a slider body (211), and the slider body (211) has concave first grooves (212) formed on both sides along the lifting direction; The fixed slide rail (12) includes an outwardly protruding limiting protrusion (122). The slide rail body (121) forms a cavity along the lifting direction for placing the slider body (211). The limiting protrusion (122) is formed on both sides of the cavity along the lifting direction. The limiting protrusion (122) is slidably connected to the first slide groove (212).

9. The steering mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steering assembly (3) includes a steering column (31) connected to the lifting bracket (23), and the lifting bracket (23) drives the steering column (31) to move up and down along the axial direction; The top of the steering column (31) is connected to the steering wheel, and the steering wheel can output torque through the steering column (31); The bottom of the steering column (31) is connected to the hydraulic steering unit (32) via a spline. The hydraulic steering unit (32) can amplify and transmit the torque output by the steering column (31) to drive the forklift tire assembly to turn.

10. A forklift, characterized in that, include: The steering mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The forklift tire assembly (4) connected to the steering assembly (3); and the seat mounting base (5) connected to the fixing assembly (1).

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