High load bearing electric telescopic fork

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high bearing electric telescopic fork relates to electric fork technical field, including upper fork, bearing, chain, main fork, motor and positioner, the upper fork, the upper fork's upside is provided with the intermediate fork, the outside of upper fork is connected with clearance slide piece at equal intervals, bearing is set up at the two sides of upper fork inner wall at equal intervals, the one side of main fork is installed with positioner, the front and back both sides of main fork all are provided with butt joint base plate, and the one side of main fork is equipped with transmission mechanism, and motor output shaft directly drives driving sprocket rotation. The utility model discloses a composite drive route of servo drive chain drive and gear and rack pair is adopted, and driving sprocket is driven by motor, and the speed ratio adjustable is realized to driving sprocket through chain, and by replacing the driving sprocket of different diameter, the diameter ratio with driving sprocket is changed, thereby in the system allowable range, the speed ratio is switched fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric forklift technology, specifically a high-load-bearing electric telescopic forklift. Background Technology

[0002] With the intelligent upgrading of the global warehousing and logistics industry, automated warehouses, high-bay racking, and heavy-duty material handling scenarios, such as auto parts, heavy equipment manufacturing, and e-commerce large-item warehousing, have placed higher demands on cargo storage and retrieval equipment. As the core execution component of automated handling equipment such as stacker cranes, electric telescopic forks are used to accurately pick up goods from racks or conveyor lines and transfer them to the target location.

[0003] Currently, traditional low-load-bearing forks can no longer meet the demands. For example, scenarios such as parts pallets in automobile assembly workshops, heavy-duty material bins for chemical raw materials, and warehousing and handling of large e-commerce goods all require high-load-bearing forks with a load capacity of more than 5 tons or even more than 10 tons. In addition, the widespread use of high-bay racks has also posed more stringent challenges to the extension accuracy and dynamic stability of forks. Under heavy loads, electric telescopic forks may experience structural deformation, positioning deviation, or extension jamming, which may lead to safety accidents such as rack collisions and goods falling. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork, comprising an upper fork, a load-bearing bearing, a chain, a main fork, a motor, and a positioning switch. The upper fork has a middle fork positioned directly above it. Gap sliders are evenly spaced on the outer side of the upper fork. The load-bearing bearing is evenly spaced on both sides of the inner wall of the upper fork. A positioning switch is installed on one side of the main fork. Connecting plates are provided on both the front and rear sides of the main fork. A transmission mechanism is provided on one side of the main fork. The motor output shaft directly drives the drive sprocket to rotate. The selection of the drive sprocket depends on the operating conditions. Using drive sprockets of different diameters, the chain meshes with the driven sprockets, and the speed ratio is adjusted by the diameter ratio of the drive sprockets to the driven sprockets, ultimately achieving dynamic control of the main fork's movement speed. A displacement mechanism is configured on the other side of the upper fork, and the rotation of the driven sprocket drives the drive gear on the same side to rotate. The drive gear further meshes with and drives the synchronous rotation of the transmission gears symmetrically arranged on both sides. The displacement action of the main fork is achieved through the meshing of the transmission gears and the longitudinally arranged spur rack. Support rollers are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the main fork, and an encoder is connected to the outer wire of the motor.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the transmission mechanism includes a main fork, a motor housing, a chain, a drive sprocket, a motor, and a driven sprocket. The main fork is positioned directly above the middle fork. The motor housing is located on one side of the main fork. One end of the chain is located inside the motor housing. The drive sprocket is engaged with the outer side of the chain. The drive sprocket is connected to the output end of the motor via a coupling. The other end of the chain is engaged with the driven sprocket. The motor is mounted on one side of the main fork, and the drive sprocket is located on one side of the inner end of the motor housing.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the driven sprocket is driven by a coaxially connected driving gear, and the driving gear meshes with transmission gears arranged symmetrically on both sides.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, a power transmission link is established between a transmission shaft connected by a key and another set of transmission gears; each of the two sets of transmission gears meshes with a longitudinally fixed spur rack.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the displacement mechanism includes a gearbox, a first transmission gear, a first spur rack, a drive shaft, a drive gear, a second transmission gear, and a second spur rack. The gearbox is installed on both sides of the main fork. The first transmission gear is symmetrically arranged inside the gearbox. The outer side of the first transmission gear is meshed with another first transmission gear. The bottom end of the first transmission gear is meshed with another first spur rack. Both ends of the drive shaft are connected to the first transmission gear. The second transmission gears are evenly spaced at the bottom of the middle fork. The second spur rack is installed in the middle of the upper fork.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the bottom end of the intermediate fork is arranged with transmission gears two at equal intervals along the length direction, and the transmission gears two are connected by a shaft linkage; the transmission gears two mesh with the fixedly arranged straight tooth rack two.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the upper fork is symmetrically provided with a straight toothed rack that meshes with a transmission gear, and the upper fork is fitted to both sides of the middle fork through load-bearing bearings that are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals along the length direction.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model achieves dynamic switching of the system speed ratio by precisely adjusting the diameter ratio of the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket by replacing the driving sprocket with one of different diameters. Under light load conditions, a small diameter ratio configuration is used to increase the output speed and ensure high-speed extension efficiency; under heavy load conditions, a large diameter ratio configuration is switched to reduce the output speed while doubling the torque, ensuring smooth drive under heavy loads. It perfectly adapts to different working conditions. In the synchronous guide support module, the inner wall of the upper fork is equipped with load-bearing bearings arranged at equal intervals along the length direction, which are precisely fitted with the two sides of the middle fork to provide stable lateral support during its extension process, effectively suppressing the lateral offset and running wobbling of the middle fork, and ensuring the coaxiality and transmission accuracy of the gear and rack pair meshing.

[0013] 2. This utility model uses a two-stage gear and rack drive to control the extension and retraction of the main fork and the intermediate fork respectively, ultimately achieving precise, stable, and efficient extension and retraction under heavy loads. This meets the complex requirements of multi-stage forks in logistics, warehousing, and other scenarios. The upper load-bearing bearing supports the weight of the upper fork through rolling friction, distributing the concentrated load to the side wall of the main fork, reducing interlayer frictional resistance, and improving the overall load-bearing capacity and extension and retraction smoothness of the fork. It achieves real-time, high-precision detection and accurate positioning of the extension and retraction position of the main fork. This system effectively solves problems such as mechanical transmission errors and load deformation under high load conditions, ensuring that the fork reaches the target position stably and accurately during the extension and retraction process.

[0014] 3. The device of this utility model is mainly used for forking steel coils and aluminum coils, and is suitable for large steel plants. Currently, the maximum load of a single fork is 35 tons. The auxiliary support roller adopts an eccentric shaft design, which can be adjusted at will, so that the support roller and the middle fork fit closely together, giving the fork better load-bearing capacity. The load-bearing bearing design on the upper and lower forks can optimize the size of the forks to a smaller size while ensuring its load-bearing capacity, and the weight is also lighter, which is more beneficial to customers. The load-bearing bearings of the upper and lower forks adopt a large diameter and small cross-section design, which ensures the bearing load-bearing capacity and optimizes the cross-section of the forks to a smaller size, making the forks more flexible. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement mechanism of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the bottom structure of the intermediate fork of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the transmission gear 2 and the spur tooth rack of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from a bottom view.

[0016] The components include: 1. Upper fork; 2. Middle fork; 3. Clearance slider; 4. Bearing; 5. Connecting base plate; 6. Motor housing; 7. Chain; 8. Drive sprocket; 9. Transmission mechanism; 10. Main fork; 11. Motor; 12. Displacement mechanism; 13. Gearbox; 14. Transmission gear one; 15. Straight tooth rack one; 16. Drive shaft; 17. Drive gear; 18. Transmission gear two; 19. Straight tooth rack two; 20. Positioning switch; 21. Driven sprocket; 22. Support roller; 23. Encoder. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Example: Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork, including an upper fork 1, a load-bearing bearing 4, a chain 7, a main fork 10, a motor 11, and a positioning switch 20. An intermediate fork 2 is positioned directly above the upper fork 1. Gap sliders 3 are connected at equal intervals to the outer side of the upper fork 1. The load-bearing bearings 4 are evenly spaced on both sides of the inner wall of the upper fork 1. A positioning switch 20 is installed on one side of the main fork 10. A docking plate 5 is provided on both the front and rear sides of the main fork 10. A transmission mechanism 9 is provided on one side of the main fork 10. The output shaft of the motor 11 directly drives the drive sprocket 8 to rotate. Different diameters are selected according to the working conditions. The drive sprocket 8, the chain 7 and the driven sprocket 21 mesh and drive the transmission. The speed ratio is adjusted by the diameter ratio of the drive sprocket 8 and the driven sprocket 21, and finally the dynamic control of the movement speed of the main fork 10 is completed. The upper fork 1 is equipped with a displacement mechanism 12 on the other side. The rotation of the driven sprocket 21 drives the drive gear 17 arranged on the same side to rotate. The drive gear 17 further meshes and drives the transmission gears 14 arranged symmetrically on both sides to rotate synchronously. The displacement action of the main fork 10 is realized by the meshing transmission gears 14 and the longitudinally arranged spur rack 15. The outer side of the main fork 10 is symmetrically equipped with support rollers 22. The outer wire of the motor 11 is connected to an encoder 23.

[0019] When the motor 11 starts, the output torque is transmitted to the drive sprocket 8 through the coupling. By replacing the drive sprocket 8 with different diameters, the diameter ratio between the drive sprocket 8 and the driven sprocket 21 can be changed. If heavy load and slow speed are required, the diameter of the drive sprocket 8 can be increased or the diameter of the driven sprocket 21 can be decreased to reduce the speed of the driven sprocket 21 and increase the output torque, ensuring stable extension and retraction under heavy load. If light load and fast speed are required, the diameter of the drive sprocket 8 can be decreased or the diameter of the driven sprocket 21 can be increased to increase the speed of the driven sprocket 21 and improve the extension and retraction efficiency.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the transmission mechanism 9 includes a main fork 10, a motor housing 6, a chain 7, a drive sprocket 8, a motor 11, and a driven sprocket 21. The main fork 10 is positioned directly above the intermediate fork 2. The motor housing 6 is located on one side of the main fork 10. One end of the chain 7 is located inside the motor housing 6, and the drive sprocket 8 is engaged on the outer side of the chain 7. The drive sprocket 8 is connected to the output end of the motor 11 via a coupling. The other end of the chain 7 is engaged with the driven sprocket 21. The motor 11 is mounted on one side of the main fork 10, and the drive sprocket 8 is located on one side of the inner end of the motor housing 6. The driven sprocket 21 is driven by a coaxially connected drive gear 17. The drive gear 17 meshes with symmetrically arranged transmission gears 14 on both sides. The transmission gears 14 are connected to another set of transmission gears 14 via a keyed drive shaft 16, establishing a power transmission link. Each of the two sets of transmission gears 14 meshes with a longitudinally fixed spur rack 15.

[0021] Specifically: by replacing the driving sprocket 8 with one of different diameters, the diameter ratio between the driving sprocket 8 and the driven sprocket 21 is changed, thereby dynamically adjusting the output speed of the driven sprocket 21; by reducing the speed of the driven sprocket 21, the output torque is increased, adapting to heavy-load slow extension and retraction.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the displacement mechanism 12 includes a gearbox 13, a first transmission gear 14, a first spur rack 15, a drive shaft 16, a drive gear 17, a second transmission gear 18, and a second spur rack 19. The gearbox 13 is mounted on both sides of the main fork 10. The first transmission gear 14 is symmetrically arranged inside the gearbox 13. The outer side of the first transmission gear 14 is meshed with another transmission gear 14, and the bottom end of the first transmission gear 14 is meshed with a first spur rack 15. Both ends of the drive shaft 16 are connected to the first transmission gear 14. The transmission gears 18 are evenly spaced at the bottom of the intermediate fork 2, and the straight tooth rack 19 is installed in the middle of the upper fork 1. The transmission gears 18 are evenly spaced along the length direction at the bottom of the intermediate fork 2, and the transmission gears 18 are linked by a shaft. The transmission gears 18 mesh with the fixedly installed straight tooth rack 19. The straight tooth rack 15 is symmetrically arranged on the upper fork 1 and meshes with the transmission gear 14. The upper fork 1 is in contact with both sides of the intermediate fork 2 through the load bearings 4 symmetrically arranged at equal intervals along the length direction.

[0023] Specifically, the transmission gears 14 on both sides are linked by a key-connected transmission shaft 16, which ensures that the transmission gears 14 on both sides maintain absolute synchronous rotation at all times, further enhancing the balance and stability of power transmission. At the same time, the load-bearing bearings 4 on the inner wall of the upper fork 1 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction, fitting against the two sides of the middle fork 2, providing lateral support and constraining the movement trajectory of the middle fork 2, avoiding tilting or jamming, and ensuring the stability of its linear movement.

[0024] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The motor 11 serves as a power source, outputting a constant torque. It directly drives the drive sprocket 8 located inside the motor housing 6 to rotate via a coupling. The motor housing 6 provides a sealing and protective function for the chain 7 and sprocket, preventing dust or foreign objects from entering and causing jamming. The drive sprocket 8 meshes with the driven sprocket 21 through the chain 7, forming a primary chain drive. By replacing the drive sprocket 8 with one of different diameters, the diameter ratio between the drive sprocket 8 and the driven sprocket 21 is changed, thereby dynamically adjusting the output speed of the driven sprocket 21. The drive sprocket 8 rotates and drives the chain 7. The chain 7 drives the driven sprocket 21 to rotate synchronously through meshing. The driven sprocket 21 transmits power to the transmission gears 14 arranged symmetrically on both sides through the coaxially connected drive gear 17. The transmission gears on both sides are synchronized through the transmission shaft 16. The transmission gears 14 mesh externally with the straight tooth rack 15 fixed on the upper fork 1. Since the straight tooth rack 15 is fixed, the rotating transmission gears 14 roll along the rack, converting the rotational motion into linear motion, and finally driving the main fork 10 and the gearbox 13 to extend and retract along the length direction of the upper fork 1. The transmission gear 18 meshes externally with the spur rack 19 fixed on the upper fork 1. When the intermediate fork 2 needs to extend or retract, it usually moves synchronously with the main fork 10 or independently as needed. The transmission gear 18 is driven to rotate by its own power source and pushes the intermediate fork 2 through the hydraulic cylinder, so that the transmission gear 18 at the bottom of the intermediate fork 2 meshes and moves on the outside of the spur rack 19. Since the spur rack 19 is fixed, the transmission gear 18 rolls along the spur rack 19, driving the main fork 10 to extend or retract along the length direction of the upper fork 1. Bearing bearings 4 are evenly spaced on both sides of the inner wall of the upper fork 1. When the upper fork 1 is stacked with the middle fork 2 and the main fork 10, a positioning switch 20 is installed on one side of the main fork 10. When the main fork 10 extends to the preset limit position, the positioning switch 20 triggers a signal to control the motor 11 to stop running, preventing the fork from overtravel and causing structural damage, thus playing a safety protection role. The outer wire of the motor 11 is connected to an encoder 23. The encoder 23 monitors the rotation angle or speed of the motor 11 in real time and feeds the signal back to the control system. Through the data of the encoder 23, the system can accurately calculate the current position, extension speed and displacement of the main fork 10, realize closed-loop control, ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the fork extension action, and meet the requirements of high-precision operation.

[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork, comprising an upper fork (1), a load-bearing bearing (4), a chain (7), a main fork (10), a motor (11), and a positioning switch (20), characterized in that: The upper fork (1) has a middle fork (2) directly above it. Gap sliders (3) are connected at equal intervals on the outer side of the upper fork (1). Bearing bearings (4) are evenly spaced on both sides of the inner wall of the upper fork (1). A positioning switch (20) is installed on one side of the main fork (10). A mating plate (5) is provided on both the front and rear sides of the main fork (10). A transmission mechanism (9) is provided on one side of the main fork (10). The output shaft of the motor (11) directly drives the drive sprocket (8) to rotate. Drive sprockets (8) of different diameters are selected according to working conditions. The chain (7) meshes with the driven sprocket (21), utilizing the drive chain... The speed ratio is adjusted by the diameter ratio of the wheel (8) and the driven sprocket (21), and finally the dynamic control of the movement speed of the main fork (10) is completed. The upper fork (1) is equipped with a displacement mechanism (12) on the other side. The driven sprocket (21) rotates and drives the drive gear (17) arranged on the same side to rotate. The drive gear (17) further meshes and drives the transmission gear (14) arranged symmetrically on both sides to rotate synchronously. Through the meshing transmission of the transmission gear (14) and the longitudinally arranged straight tooth rack (15), the displacement action of the main fork (10) is realized. The outer side of the main fork (10) is symmetrically equipped with support rollers (22), and the outer wire of the motor (11) is connected to an encoder (23).

2. The high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (9) includes a main fork (10), a motor housing (6), a chain (7), a drive sprocket (8), a motor (11), and a driven sprocket (21). The main fork (10) is located directly above the intermediate fork (2). The motor housing (6) is located on one side of the main fork (10). One end of the chain (7) is located inside the motor housing (6). The drive sprocket (8) is engaged on the outside of the chain (7). The drive sprocket (8) is connected to the output end of the motor (11) via a coupling. The other end of the chain (7) is engaged with the driven sprocket (21). The motor (11) is mounted on one side of the main fork (10). The drive sprocket (8) is located on one side of the inner end of the motor housing (6).

3. A high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driven sprocket (21) is driven by the coaxially connected drive gear (17), and the drive gear (17) meshes with the transmission gears (14) arranged symmetrically on both sides.

4. A high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission gear one (14) is connected to the transmission shaft (16) via a key to establish a power transmission link with another set of transmission gear one (14); each of the two sets of transmission gear one (14) meshes with a longitudinally fixed straight toothed rack one (15).

5. A high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement mechanism (12) includes a gearbox (13), a first transmission gear (14), a first spur rack (15), a drive shaft (16), a drive gear (17), a second transmission gear (18), and a second spur rack (19). The gearbox (13) is installed on both sides of the main fork (10). The first transmission gear (14) is symmetrically arranged inside the gearbox (13). The outer side of the first transmission gear (14) is meshed with the first transmission gear (14). The bottom end of the first transmission gear (14) is meshed with the first spur rack (15). Both ends of the drive shaft (16) are connected to the first transmission gear (14). The second transmission gear (18) is evenly spaced at the bottom end of the middle fork (2). The second spur rack (19) is installed in the middle of the upper fork (1).

6. A high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the intermediate fork (2) is arranged with transmission gears (18) at equal intervals along the length direction. The transmission gears (18) are connected by shaft linkage. The transmission gears (18) mesh with the fixedly arranged straight tooth rack (19).

7. A high-load-bearing electric telescopic fork according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper fork (1) is symmetrically provided with a straight toothed rack (15) that meshes with the transmission gear (14). The upper fork (1) is attached to both sides of the middle fork (2) by load bearings (4) arranged symmetrically at equal intervals along the length direction.

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