An automatic dosing system based on flocculation state and sludge level visual monitoring

Abstract

The utility model relates to sewage treatment technical field, concretely is a kind of automatic dosing system based on flocculation state and mud level visualization monitoring, including reaction tank and dosing pump, flocculation observation tube is connected at the branch pipe of reaction tank effluent, image acquisition unit is equipped with outside flocculation observation tube, automatic dosing system further includes control system, control system is built-in with image recognition module, for identifying flocculation body state and mud height.The utility model realizes the collection of sample image information in flocculation observation tube by image acquisition unit, image information is analyzed using image recognition module in control system, replace traditional several experience-dependent " look alum flower " operation, make flocculation state and mud height in sewage into quantifiable, executable image recognition logic, through visualization monitoring, the intellectualization and objectification of dosing control are realized, improve the accuracy of dosing judgment, make dosing quantity more accurate, improve sewage treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to an automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level. Background Technology

[0002] In the treatment of domestic sewage in cities and industrial wastewater in factories, flocculation is a crucial step, and its effectiveness directly affects the effluent quality and operating costs of subsequent sedimentation and filtration units.

[0003] Nowadays, in the wastewater treatment process, wastewater is usually first introduced into a reaction tank. The water quality is judged by parameters such as the influent flow rate and turbidity of the wastewater. Then, based on the changes in these parameters, polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) are added to the reaction tank using an automatic dosing device. This allows the flocs in the wastewater to settle quickly in the sedimentation tank, significantly reducing the content of suspended solids and colloidal impurities in the wastewater and ensuring that the turbidity of the supernatant after sedimentation meets the standards.

[0004] However, this method of judging water quality based on single parameters such as influent flow rate and turbidity is inaccurate. This is because the flocculation effect is not only affected by the influent water quality but also by a variety of complex factors such as water temperature, pH value, and changes in water composition. Relying solely on pre-set parameters cannot reflect the actual effect after complete coagulation and flocculation reactions in real time, easily leading to insufficient or excessive dosage of chemicals. Experienced engineers usually use "beaker tests" to observe the morphology, size, and settling properties of flocs to determine whether the dosage is appropriate, but this relies on manual experience and cannot achieve continuous online monitoring and real-time feedback control. To address these shortcomings, this invention proposes an automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: an automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level, comprising:

[0007] The main reaction tank includes a coagulation reaction tank and a flocculation reaction tank, and the coagulation reaction tank and the flocculation reaction tank are in a connected state.

[0008] A dosing pump assembly, comprising a PAC dosing pump and a PAM dosing pump, wherein the PAC dosing pump is used to add chemicals to the coagulation reaction tank and the PAM dosing pump is used to add chemicals to the flocculation reaction tank;

[0009] A flocculation observation tube, which is a transparent tube, has its inlet connected to the outlet branch pipe of the flocculation reaction tank, and is used to obtain water samples after flocculation.

[0010] An image acquisition unit is located on the outside of the flocculation observation tube and is used to acquire images of the flocs and the sedimentation level inside the flocculation observation tube.

[0011] The control system includes a dosing pump and an image acquisition unit that are electrically connected to the control system. The control system has a built-in image recognition module for identifying the state of flocs and the height of the sludge level.

[0012] Optionally, the recognition logic of the image recognition module can classify the state of flocs into fine fragments, broken fragments, loose fragments, and dense fragments.

[0013] When the material is identified as finely fragmented, increase the PAC dosage.

[0014] When the material is identified as fragmented, increase the PAM dosage.

[0015] If the substance is identified as fluffy, maintain the current dosage.

[0016] When the condition is identified as dense, reduce the dosage of PAC and PAM.

[0017] Optionally, the inner wall of the flocculation observation tube is engraved with mud level scale lines, and the image recognition module can identify the height of the sedimented mud level through the mud level scale lines.

[0018] Optionally, the image acquisition unit includes at least two high-definition cameras, one of which faces the middle of the flocculation observation tube to capture the suspension state of the flocs, and the other of which faces the bottom of the flocculation observation tube to identify the mud level.

[0019] Optionally, the automatic dosing system further includes a cabinet for housing the flocculation observation tube, image acquisition unit, and control system. The cabinet is equipped with a total turbidity meter, which includes a flow-through turbidity meter and an immersion turbidity meter. Both the flow-through turbidity meter and the immersion turbidity meter are electrically connected to the control system. The flow-through turbidity meter is fixedly installed on the inlet branch pipe in the cabinet and is used to measure the turbidity of the inlet water. The immersion turbidity meter is placed in the flocculation observation tube and is used to measure the turbidity of the supernatant after wastewater sedimentation.

[0020] Optionally, the flocculation observation tube is equipped with an automatic cleaning unit, which includes a spray head located at the top of the flocculation observation tube, and the spray head is a spiral spray head.

[0021] The automatic cleaning unit also includes a high-pressure clean water pipe and a flushing solenoid valve connected to the spray head, which are used to inject clean water into the flocculation observation tube to clean the inner wall.

[0022] The automatic cleaning unit also includes a hydrochloric acid storage tank, which is connected to a spray head via a hydrochloric acid dosing pipe. The hydrochloric acid dosing pipe is equipped with a hydrochloric acid dosing pump and a dosing solenoid valve, which are used to periodically inject hydrochloric acid into the flocculation observation tube for chemical cleaning.

[0023] Optionally, the number of flocculation observation tubes is two or more. The inlet of the flocculation observation tube is located at the top and is connected to the outlet of the flocculation reaction tank through a diversion pipe. A diversion valve is installed in the diversion pipe. The bottom of the flocculation observation tube has an outlet and is connected to a drain pipe. An emptying valve is installed in the drain pipe.

[0024] Optionally, a honeycomb guide plate can be detachably provided at the inlet of the flocculation observation tube. The honeycomb guide plate has a porous structure and is used to stabilize the inlet water flow.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model provides an automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This utility model collects samples from the reaction tank through a flocculation observation tube, and collects sample image information in conjunction with an image acquisition unit. The image recognition module in the control system analyzes the image information, replacing the traditional experience-based "observation of alum flocs" operation. This transforms the flocculation state and sludge level in the wastewater into quantifiable and executable image recognition logic. Through visual monitoring, it realizes intelligent and objective dosing control, improves the accuracy of dosing judgment, makes the dosing dosage more precise, and improves wastewater treatment efficiency.

[0027] 2. In this utility model, the sampling point of the flocculation observation tube is located after the flocculation reaction tank, capturing the final flocculation effect. The feedback control based on this is direct and precise, effectively overcoming the interference of water quality and quantity fluctuations, and further improving the accuracy of chemical dosing judgment. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic dosing system of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is the logic diagram for the automatic dosing judgment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet and automatic cleaning unit structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flocculation observation tube structure of this utility model.

[0032] In the diagram: 11. Coagulation reaction tank; 12. Flocculation reaction tank; 13. Sedimentation tank; 21. PAC dosing pump; 22. PAM dosing pump; 3. Flocculation observation tube; 31. Sludge level scale; 32. Honeycomb baffle; 4. Image acquisition unit; 5. Control system; 61. Flow-through turbidimeter; 62. Submersible turbidimeter; 7. Automatic cleaning unit; 71. Hydrochloric acid storage tank; 72. Hydrochloric acid dosing pump; 73. Dosing solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 This application proposes an automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level. The dosing system is applied to a sewage treatment system, which includes a sedimentation tank 13 for achieving sludge-water separation. After being treated by the automatic dosing system, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank 13 and enters the subsequent treatment process for further treatment.

[0035] Furthermore, the automatic dosing system includes a total reaction tank, which includes a coagulation reaction tank 11 and a flocculation reaction tank 12, and the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12 are in a connected state.

[0036] Both the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12 are equipped with chemical dosing pipelines. A PAC dosing pump 21 and a PAM dosing pump 22 are fixedly installed on these pipelines, respectively. The PAC dosing pump 21 adds PAC to the coagulation reaction tank 11, enabling rapid mixing and charge neutralization of the PAC with the wastewater. The PAM dosing pump 22 adds PAM to the flocculation reaction tank 12, causing the PAM to react with the wastewater to form large flocs. Finally, the flocculated water enters the sedimentation tank 13 for sludge-water separation before proceeding to subsequent treatment processes.

[0037] On the other hand, the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12 are separated by a partition. A through hole is provided on the partition near the bottom of the tank to connect the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12, so that the areas of the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12 near the bottom of the tank are in a connected state.

[0038] It should be noted that both the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12 are equipped with a stirring mechanism. The stirring mechanism includes a drive motor, a stirring shaft, and stirring blades. The motor drives the coaxially connected stirring shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the blades fixedly connected to the stirring shaft to rotate, thus stirring the sewage in the tank. This allows the stirring mechanism to work slowly when adding chemicals to the coagulation reaction tank 11 and the flocculation reaction tank 12, thereby accelerating the reaction process.

[0039] Furthermore, the automatic dosing system also includes a flocculation observation tube 3, which is a transparent tube with its inlet connected to the outlet of the flocculation reaction tank 12 to obtain water samples after flocculation.

[0040] The inlet of the flocculation observation pipe 3 is located at the top and is connected to the outlet of the flocculation reaction tank 12 via a flocculation inlet branch pipe and a diversion pipe. A diversion valve is fixedly installed on the flocculation inlet branch pipe to control the flow of the reacted water in the flocculation reaction tank 12 into the flocculation observation pipe 3. The flocculation observation pipe 3 facilitates the observation of the flocculation state and sludge level in the wastewater. The bottom of the flocculation observation pipe 3 has an outlet connected to a drain pipe, and an emptying valve is installed in the drain pipe. The end of the drain pipe at the bottom of the flocculation observation pipe 3 is connected to the inlet pipe at the inlet of the sedimentation tank 13, so that the wastewater in the flocculation observation pipe 3 can be drained into the sedimentation tank 13 for sedimentation. Furthermore, the top and bottom of the flocculation observation pipe 3 are connected to the pipeline using a flexible joint, which facilitates disassembly, cleaning, maintenance, and replacement.

[0041] On the other hand, such as Figure 4 As shown, a honeycomb guide plate 32 is detachably installed at the inlet of the flocculation observation tube 3. The porous structure effectively disperses the kinetic energy of the incoming water, ensuring that the water sample enters smoothly without damaging the already formed flocs, thereby improving the accuracy of image monitoring.

[0042] Furthermore, an image acquisition unit 4 is provided on the outside of the flocculation observation tube 3. The image acquisition unit 4 is used to acquire images of flocs and sediment sludge levels inside the flocculation observation tube 3, so that the image acquisition unit 4 can acquire image information of wastewater inside the flocculation observation tube 3.

[0043] The automatic dosing system also includes a control system 5, which receives and processes image information transmitted by the image acquisition unit 4 to control the dosing amount of PAC dosing pump 21 and PAM dosing pump 22. The PAC dosing pump 21, PAM dosing pump 22, image acquisition unit 4, and electrically controlled valves in each pipeline are all electrically connected to the control system 5. The control system 5 has a built-in image recognition module that, after receiving image information transmitted by the image acquisition unit 4, identifies the state of flocs and sludge level in the wastewater, thereby determining whether the dosing amount of PAC dosing pump 21 and PAM dosing pump 22 is accurate.

[0044] To ensure clearer images of the wastewater captured by the image acquisition unit 4 in the flocculation observation tube 3, this application includes at least two high-definition cameras. One high-definition camera faces the middle of the flocculation observation tube 3 to capture the suspended state of the flocs, and the other high-definition camera faces the bottom of the flocculation observation tube 3 to identify the sludge level. The cameras are multispectral or high dynamic range cameras to make the image information more accurate, facilitating the control system 5 to make more precise dosing decisions. Optional supplementary lighting can be configured for the cameras to ensure image clarity.

[0045] On the other hand, there are two or more flocculation observation tubes 3, used for parallel comparison of flocculation effects under different dosing strategies to improve monitoring reliability. Simultaneously, the inner wall of the flocculation observation tube 3 is engraved with mud level graduation lines 31, allowing the image recognition module to identify the sediment level height through these lines. The flocculation observation tube 3 is made of corrosion-resistant transparent materials, including plexiglass or polycarbonate; its outer surface is treated with an anti-glare and anti-fog coating to ensure image clarity.

[0046] In this embodiment, the diameter to height ratio of the flocculation observation tube 3 is 1:3 to 1:6 to simulate the settling conditions of the sedimentation tank 13. After the wastewater has settled for 30 minutes, the degree of the mud-water interface is used as the settling ratio. The corresponding settling ratio is read from the value on the mud level scale line 31. If the mud level rises too quickly, it usually means that the sludge is not discharged in time or that the chemical is added in excess, resulting in an increase in the amount of sludge.

[0047] Furthermore, the image recognition module's recognition logic can classify the state of flocs into fine fragments, broken fragments, loose fragments, and dense fragments. Specifically, through binarization processing and contour extraction techniques, it identifies flocs in the image, calculates their average projected area, perimeter, roundness, and other morphological parameters, thereby determining the state of the flocs.

[0048] Specifically, when identified as finely fragmented, the flocs are small like sand, numerous in number, and without obvious aggregation, indicating insufficient PAC dosage, requiring an increase in PAC dosage. When identified as broken, there are small flocs with irregular and easily broken structures, indicating insufficient PAM dosage or poor mixing effect, requiring an increase in PAM dosage. When identified as loose, the flocs are uniform in size, loose in structure, and have good settling properties, indicating appropriate dosage, and maintaining the current dosage is sufficient. When identified as dense, the flocs are too large, dense, and may contain air bubbles or carry scum, indicating excessive dosage, requiring a reduction in both PAC and PAM dosage. A more specific dosage judgment logic for PAC and PAM is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0049] In this embodiment, the automatic dosing system also includes a cabinet for accommodating the flocculation observation tube 3, the image acquisition unit 4, and the control system 5. A total turbidity meter is installed in the cabinet. The total turbidity meter includes a flow-through turbidity meter 61 and an immersion turbidity meter 62. Both the flow-through turbidity meter 61 and the immersion turbidity meter 62 are electrically connected to the control system 5. The flow-through turbidity meter 61 is fixedly installed on the inlet branch pipe in the cabinet and is used to measure the turbidity of the inlet water. The immersion turbidity meter 62 is placed in the flocculation observation tube 3 and is used to measure the turbidity of the supernatant after sewage sedimentation.

[0050] The control system 5 receives the influent water quality signal from the flow-through turbidimeter 61 and provides an initial dosing setpoint. Simultaneously, the submersible turbidimeter 62 in the flocculation observation tube 3 measures the turbidity of the supernatant after sedimentation to determine if the supernatant is turbid, and transmits the data to the control system 5 as a basis for adjusting the dosage of the chemical. This automatic dosing system can determine the dosage based on multiple parameters such as floc state, sludge level, and supernatant turbidity, resulting in more precise dosing and improved wastewater treatment efficiency.

[0051] Furthermore, the flocculation observation tube 3 is equipped with an automatic cleaning unit 7, which includes a spray head located at the top of the flocculation observation tube 3. The spray head is a spiral nozzle. The automatic cleaning unit 7 includes a flushing solenoid valve, a high-pressure flushing spiral nozzle, a hydrochloric acid storage tank 71, a hydrochloric acid dosing pump 72, and a dosing solenoid valve 73. The high-pressure flushing spiral nozzle is installed at the top of the flocculation observation tube 3, and its spiral design ensures that the flushing water flow covers the entire inner wall of the tube. It is connected to a high-pressure water pipe via the flushing solenoid valve for periodic clean water flushing. The hydrochloric acid storage tank 71 is connected in parallel to the hydrochloric acid dosing pipe via the dosing solenoid valve 73, which is also installed on the hydrochloric acid dosing pipe. When needed, hydrochloric acid solution is injected to perform deep chemical cleaning of the inner wall of the flocculation observation tube 3, preventing sludge residue from remaining on the inner wall. After cleaning, the solution is discharged through a drain pipe at the bottom of the flocculation observation tube 3.

[0052] It is worth mentioning that the cabinet houses the flocculation observation tube 3, image acquisition unit 4, control system 5, and automatic cleaning unit 7, forming an integrated structure to protect the internal equipment. The cabinet provides IP54-level waterproof and dustproof protection. Air intake grilles and ventilation fans are located on opposite sides of the cabinet, controlling the internal temperature and humidity through forced ventilation to effectively prevent fogging on the outer wall of the flocculation observation tube 3, ensuring image acquisition quality.

[0053] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: First, the control system 5 reads the influent turbidity data detected by the flow-through turbidity meter 61 and, combined with the preset turbidity-dosage relationship model, calculates the initial dosing frequency of PAC dosing pump 21 and PAM dosing pump 22, thus realizing feedforward control based on influent water quality. After the reaction in the reaction tank is completed, a small amount of wastewater in PAM dosing pump 22 is introduced into flocculation observation tube 3 through a diversion pipe. The control system 5 controls the image acquisition unit 4 to periodically capture images of the flocculation observation tube 3, including dynamic and static images before and after settling. After analysis by the image recognition module, the control system controls PAC dosing pump 21 and PAM dosing pump 22 to perform corresponding operations to control the dosage of PAC and PAM.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level, characterized in that, include: The total reaction tank includes a coagulation reaction tank (11) and a flocculation reaction tank (12), and the coagulation reaction tank (11) and the flocculation reaction tank (12) are in a connected state. The dosing pump assembly includes a PAC dosing pump (21) and a PAM dosing pump (22), wherein the PAC dosing pump (21) is used to add chemicals to the coagulation reaction tank (11) and the PAM dosing pump (22) is used to add chemicals to the flocculation reaction tank (12); Flocculation observation tube (3), the flocculation observation tube (3) is a transparent tube, and its inlet is connected to the outlet branch pipe of the flocculation reaction tank (12) for obtaining water samples after flocculation; Image acquisition unit (4), the image acquisition unit (4) is set outside the flocculation observation tube (3) and is used to acquire images of flocs and sedimentation mud in the flocculation observation tube (3); The control system (5) is electrically connected to the dosing pump and the image acquisition unit (4). The control system (5) has a built-in image recognition module for recognizing the state of flocs and the height of mud level.

2. The automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image recognition module's recognition logic can classify the state of flocs into fine fragments, broken fragments, loose fragments, and dense fragments. When the material is identified as finely fragmented, increase the PAC dosage. When the material is identified as fragmented, increase the PAM dosage. If the substance is identified as fluffy, maintain the current dosage. When the condition is identified as dense, reduce the dosage of PAC and PAM.

3. The automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flocculation observation tube (3) is engraved with mud level scale lines (31), and the image recognition module can identify the height of the sedimented mud level through the mud level scale lines (31).

4. An automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The image acquisition unit (4) includes at least two high-definition cameras. One high-definition camera faces the middle of the flocculation observation tube (3) to capture the suspension state of the flocs, and the other high-definition camera faces the bottom of the flocculation observation tube (3) to identify the mud level.

5. An automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The automatic dosing system also includes a cabinet for housing the flocculation observation tube (3), the image acquisition unit (4), and the control system (5). The cabinet is equipped with a total turbidity meter, which includes a flow-through turbidity meter (61) and an immersion turbidity meter (62). Both the flow-through turbidity meter (61) and the immersion turbidity meter (62) are electrically connected to the control system (5). The flow-through turbidity meter (61) is fixedly installed on the inlet branch pipe in the cabinet and is used to measure the turbidity of the inlet water. The immersion turbidity meter (62) is placed in the flocculation observation tube (3) and is used to measure the turbidity of the supernatant after sewage sedimentation.

6. The automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flocculation observation tube (3) is equipped with an automatic cleaning unit (7), which includes a spray head located at the top of the flocculation observation tube (3). The spray head is a spiral spray head. The automatic cleaning unit (7) also includes a high-pressure clean water pipe and a flushing solenoid valve connected to the spray head, which are used to inject clean water into the flocculation observation tube (3) to clean the inner wall. The automatic cleaning unit (7) also includes a hydrochloric acid storage tank (71), which is connected to a spray head via a hydrochloric acid dosing pipe. The hydrochloric acid dosing pipe is equipped with a hydrochloric acid dosing pump (72) and a dosing solenoid valve (73) for periodically injecting hydrochloric acid into the flocculation observation tube (3) for chemical cleaning.

7. The automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the flocculation observation tubes (3) is two or more. The inlet of the flocculation observation tube (3) is opened at the top and connected to the outlet of the flocculation reaction tank (12) through a diversion pipe. A diversion valve is installed in the diversion pipe. The bottom of the flocculation observation tube (3) has an outlet and is connected to a drain pipe. An emptying valve is installed in the drain pipe.

8. The automatic dosing system based on visual monitoring of flocculation state and sludge level according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet of the flocculation observation tube (3) is detachably equipped with a honeycomb guide plate (32), which has a porous structure and is used to stabilize the inlet water flow.

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