Cyclone continuous recycle gasification device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of cyclone continuous return material gasification devices, including device ontology, device ontology includes gasification furnace, material leg, cyclone separator, conveying pipeline and cyclone return material pipe, material leg and cyclone separator are located gasification furnace right side, cyclone separator is installed in material leg top, gasification furnace top is connected with cyclone separator by conveying pipeline, gasification furnace bottom is connected with material leg bottom by cyclone return material pipe, cyclone separator top is equipped with process gas pipe;Material leg bottom is funnel-shaped structure, material leg bottom is equipped with fly ash sending cavity, fly ash sending cavity bottom is equipped with clear blockage, material leg, fly ash sending cavity and clear blockage are all through type structure, fly ash sending cavity is equipped with material conveying ejection pipe, material conveying ejection pipe right end is located fly ash sending cavity outside.This kind of device greatly improves secondary gasification efficiency, reduces fine powder accumulation and escape to downstream system, reduces downstream equipment dust removal load and failure rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluidized bed gasification technology, specifically to a cyclone continuous return gasification device. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional fluidized bed gasification processes, cyclones return the collected material to the gasifier via components such as material sealing valves and wing valves. Because the cyclone return relies entirely on gravity to create a pressure differential, it cannot be controlled by external force. This necessitates a sufficiently high cyclone system to maintain a high enough pressure differential within the material legs for proper material return to the gasifier. Consequently, fluidized bed gasification units are typically designed to be quite tall; for example, high-pressure fluidized bed units can exceed 100 meters in height, significantly increasing civil engineering costs. The height also presents safety challenges for process personnel during inspections and for fire prevention.

[0003] Because cyclones rely on the pressure difference between the material legs and the fluidized bed for material return, when the fluidized bed is high, the cyclone often fails to return material or has difficulty doing so, causing the system to malfunction. The material captured by the cyclone is mostly fine, low-volatile, stubborn carbon, but the traditional cyclone return method makes it difficult for it to enter the high-pressure, high-temperature zone of the gasifier, resulting in very low secondary gasification efficiency. Most of the dust enters the cyclone system with the airflow, and this cycle continues, gradually increasing the fine powder inside the gasifier, gradually deteriorating the operating conditions, and eventually entering the downstream system with the airflow, placing a large processing load on the dust removal of downstream equipment and leading to a high failure rate of downstream equipment. During the gasification process, a large amount of CO2 gas is generated, which cannot be effectively utilized and is emitted into the atmosphere, causing not only environmental pollution problems but also low carbon utilization efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, a solution is needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a cyclone continuous return gasification device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a cyclone continuous return gasification device, comprising a device body, the device body including a gasifier, a material leg, a cyclone separator, a conveying pipe, and a cyclone return pipe. The material leg and the cyclone separator are located on the right side of the gasifier. The cyclone separator is installed on the top of the material leg. The top of the gasifier is connected to the cyclone separator via the conveying pipe. The bottom of the gasifier is connected to the bottom of the material leg via the cyclone return pipe. A process gas pipe is provided on the top of the cyclone separator. The bottom of the material leg has a funnel-shaped structure and a fly ash sending chamber is provided at the bottom of the material leg. A blockage removal port is provided at the bottom of the fly ash sending chamber. The material leg, the fly ash sending chamber, and the blockage removal port are all through-type structures. A material conveying ejector is installed inside the fly ash sending chamber. The right end of the material conveying ejector is located outside the fly ash sending chamber. A high-temperature carbon dioxide conveying gas pipe is provided at the right end of the material conveying ejector. A material leg sulfurization gas pipe is provided on the right side of the bottom of the material leg.

[0009] Preferably, an upper pressure sensor is provided on the top right side of the material leg, and a temperature sensor and a lower pressure sensor are respectively installed on the bottom right side of the material leg. The measuring ends of the upper pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the lower pressure sensor are all inside the material leg.

[0010] Preferably, the gasifier has a bottom slag discharge area, which is funnel-shaped. The bottom of the bottom slag discharge area is provided with a central jacketed jet pipe. The bottom slag discharge area is provided with a slag discharge port installed at an angle. A superheated steam and oxygen pipe is provided on the right side of the central jacketed jet pipe. A gas distribution plate is installed inside the bottom slag discharge area.

[0011] Preferably, the gasifier has a circular structure with an arc-shaped top, a feed pipe is installed at the bottom left side of the gasifier, and a superheated steam pipe is installed at the bottom right side of the gasifier.

[0012] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0013] This utility model provides a cyclone continuous return gasification device. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This solution employs a cyclone continuous return gasification device that achieves active return of materials through high-temperature CO2 jet injection, eliminating reliance on traditional gravity pressure differentials. This eliminates the need for ultra-high-rise structures, significantly reducing civil engineering investment and safety challenges related to inspection and fire prevention. Furthermore, the return speed can be adjusted using the pressure difference between the upper and lower material legs, resolving the difficulty of material return when the fluidized bed is high, ensuring normal system operation. Secondly, the device precisely delivers stubborn carbon fines captured by the cyclone into the high-temperature zone of the central jet in the gasifier. Combined with the internal material circulation formed by the gas distribution plate, this significantly improves secondary gasification efficiency, reduces fine powder accumulation and escape to downstream systems, and lowers the dust removal load and failure rate of downstream equipment. Thirdly, using CO2 as the fluidizing gas and material conveying gas for the material legs not only cools the material legs but also converts them into CO through a CO2 reduction reaction, achieving CO2 resource utilization, reducing environmental pollution from atmospheric emissions, and improving the effective utilization rate of carbon. In addition, monitoring the material leg temperature to control the CO2 flow rate and setting up a clearing port further ensures the stability of system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at point A of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material leg of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram, 1. Main body of the device; 2. Gasifier; 3. Material leg; 4. Cyclone separator; 5. Conveying pipeline; 6. Cyclone return pipe; 7. Fly ash sending chamber; 8. Unblocking port; 9. Material conveying ejector pipe; 10. High-temperature carbon dioxide conveying gas pipe; 11. Material leg vulcanizing gas pipe; 12. Upper pressure sensor of material leg; 13. Material leg temperature sensor; 14. Lower pressure sensor of material leg; 15. Slag discharge area at the bottom of the gasifier; 16. Gas distribution plate; 17. Central jacket jet pipe; 18. Slag discharge port; 19. Superheated steam pipe; 20. Superheated steam and oxygen pipe; 21. Feed pipe; 22. Process gas pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-3 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0021] Example 1

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems: Since cyclones rely on the pressure difference between the material legs and the fluidized bed for material return, when the fluidized bed is high, cyclones often fail to return material or have difficulty doing so, leading to system malfunctions. The material captured by cyclones is mostly fine, low-volatile, stubborn carbon. However, traditional cyclone return methods make it difficult for this material to enter the high-pressure, high-temperature zone of the gasifier, resulting in very low secondary gasification efficiency. Most dust enters the cyclone system with the airflow, creating a cycle where the fine powder inside the gasifier gradually increases, the operating conditions gradually deteriorate, and it eventually enters the downstream system with the airflow, placing a significant processing load on the dust removal equipment and leading to a high failure rate in downstream systems. During gasification, a large amount of CO2 gas is generated, which, due to its ineffective utilization, is emitted into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution and resulting in low carbon utilization efficiency.

[0023] The solution is as follows: A cyclone continuous return gasification device includes a device body 1. The device body 1 includes a gasifier 2, a feed leg 3, a cyclone separator 4, a conveying pipe 5, and a cyclone return pipe 6. The feed leg 3 and the cyclone separator 4 are located on the right side of the gasifier 2. The cyclone separator 4 is installed on top of the feed leg 3. The top of the gasifier 2 is connected to the cyclone separator 4 through the conveying pipe 5. The bottom of the gasifier 2 is connected to the bottom of the feed leg 3 through the cyclone return pipe 6. The top of the cyclone separator 4 is equipped with a working part. The material leg 3 has a funnel-shaped bottom structure and a fly ash sending chamber 7 at the bottom. The fly ash sending chamber 7 has a blockage removal port 8 at the bottom. The material leg 3, fly ash sending chamber 7 and blockage removal port 8 are all through-type structures. A material conveying ejector pipe 9 is installed inside the fly ash sending chamber 7. The right end of the material conveying ejector pipe 9 is located outside the fly ash sending chamber 7. A high-temperature carbon dioxide conveying gas pipe 10 is provided at the right end of the material conveying ejector pipe 9. A material leg vulcanizing gas pipe 11 is provided on the right side of the bottom of the material leg 3.

[0024] Analysis of the above content: The high-temperature crude gas generated by gasifier 2 carries dust into cyclone separator 4 through conveying pipe 5. After the dust is separated, it falls into material leg 3. High-temperature CO2 fluidizing gas is introduced into the sulfurization gas pipe 11 of the material leg to cool the fly ash in the material leg 3 and cause a CO2 reduction reaction. The cooled fine ash enters the fly ash sending chamber 7. The material conveying ejector pipe 9 introduces high-speed CO2 through the high-temperature carbon dioxide conveying gas pipe 10 to form a jet, which sends the fine ash into gasifier 2 through cyclone return pipe 6. The purified process gas is discharged through process gas pipe 22. Material leg 3, fly ash sending chamber 7, and unblocking port 8 are connected, forming a complete system. The material conveying channel is designed to facilitate manual unblocking when the fly ash sending chamber 7 or the material conveying ejector pipe 9 becomes blocked, without requiring machine shutdown and disassembly. When the return material rate needs to be adjusted, the ejector force is changed by controlling the CO2 gas volume in the high-temperature carbon dioxide conveying pipe 10. High-speed CO2 jets replace traditional gravity return, eliminating dependence on high equipment height and significantly reducing civil engineering investment. CO2 resource utilization is achieved, combining fluidization, reduction, and conveying functions, reducing emissions and improving carbon utilization. The unblocking port 8 provides a rapid handling channel for blockage faults, ensuring continuous system operation.

[0025] Example 2:

[0026] Please see Figure 1-3 Based on Embodiment 1, this utility model provides a technical solution: the upper pressure sensor 12 of the material leg 3 is provided on the top right side, and the lower pressure sensor 14 of the material leg 3 is installed on the bottom right side respectively. The measuring ends of the upper pressure sensor 12, the temperature sensor 13, and the lower pressure sensor 14 are all inside the material leg 3.

[0027] Analysis of the above: The upper pressure sensor 12 and lower pressure sensor 14 of the material leg monitor the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the material leg 3 in real time, and calculate the material accumulation height through the pressure difference; the material leg temperature sensor 13 collects the fly ash temperature at the bottom of the material leg 3 in real time, reflecting the cooling effect of fluidizing gas and the reduction reaction; if the pressure difference is too high and the material accumulation is too large: increase the CO2 flow rate of the high-temperature carbon dioxide conveying pipe 10 or the material leg vulcanizing gas pipe 11 to accelerate the return of material and reduce the material level; if the pressure difference is too low and the material is insufficient: reduce the CO2 conveying flow rate to slow down the return of material; if the temperature is too high: increase the CO2 flow rate of the material leg vulcanizing gas pipe 11 to enhance cooling; if the temperature is too low: reduce the CO2 flow rate of the material leg vulcanizing gas pipe 11 to maintain the temperature required for the reaction; achieve precise quantitative control of the material height and temperature of the material leg, and completely solve the problems of "difficulty in returning material" and "overheating of material leg" in traditional processes; replace manual judgment with sensor monitoring to improve the accuracy of operation and system stability.

[0028] Example 3:

[0029] Please see Figure 1-3This utility model provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: The bottom of the gasifier 2 is provided with a bottom slag discharge area 15, which has a funnel-shaped structure. The bottom of the bottom slag discharge area 15 is provided with a central jacketed jet pipe 17. The bottom slag discharge area 15 is provided with a slag discharge port 18 installed at an incline. The right side of the central jacketed jet pipe 17 is provided with a superheated steam and oxygen pipe 20. A gas distribution plate 16 is installed inside the bottom slag discharge area 15.

[0030] Analysis of the above: The fine ash conveyed by the cyclone return pipe 6 enters the inner tube of the central jacket jet pipe 17, and the superheated steam + oxygen pipe 20 introduces oxidant into the outer tube. The two react violently and release heat in the jet zone; the gas distribution plate 16 introduces high-temperature airflow, which blows the furnace charge laterally into the central jet zone, forming a fluidized bed internal circulation in conjunction with the central pipe jet; the molten ash generated by the reaction is dispersed by the airflow and falls into the ash discharge zone 15 at the bottom of the gasifier, and is discharged from the system through the inclined ash discharge port 18; when the ash discharge is not smooth, check the ash discharge port 18. 8. Whether it is blocked and cleaned, the airflow intensity of the gas distribution plate 16 can be adjusted to enhance the pushing force on the slag particles; when the reaction intensity is insufficient, the oxidant supply is increased through the superheated steam + oxygen pipe 20; the central jacket jet pipe 17 realizes the precise mixing of the returned fine ash and oxidant, which greatly improves the secondary gasification efficiency of stubborn carbon; the internal circulation constructed by the gas distribution plate 16 allows unreacted fine powder to participate in the reaction repeatedly, reducing dust escape; the funnel-shaped slag discharge area 15 cooperates with the inclined slag discharge port 18 to avoid slag particle accumulation and ensure smooth slag discharge.

[0031] Example 4:

[0032] Please see Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution based on Embodiment 1: the gasifier 2 has a circular structure and an arc-shaped top, a feed pipe 21 is installed on the bottom left side of the gasifier 2, and an overheated steam pipe 19 is installed on the bottom right side of the gasifier 2.

[0033] Analysis of the above: The material enters the gasifier 2 through the feed pipe 21 located in the lower part of the gasifier. During its downward movement, it undergoes drying and volatile matter removal pretreatment in a high-temperature environment. The superheated steam pipe 19 introduces high-temperature superheated steam into the gas distribution plate 16, providing basic power and heat source for the internal circulation airflow and material gasification. The circular body and arc-shaped top structure of the gasifier 2 reduce airflow disturbance and material adhesion to the wall. When the material humidity or volatile matter content is too high, the temperature inside the gasifier 2 can be indirectly controlled to extend the pretreatment time. When the internal circulation intensity of the fluidized bed is insufficient, the steam supply of the superheated steam pipe 19 is increased. The feed pipe 21 in the lower part realizes material pretreatment and avoids reaction fluctuations caused by wet material directly entering the high-temperature zone. The superheated steam pipe 19 and the gas distribution plate 16 work together to ensure stable internal circulation and improve overall gasification efficiency.

[0034] Working principle: After the material enters the gasifier 2 through the feed pipe 21, it undergoes a gasification reaction in a high-temperature environment. The generated high-temperature crude coal gas carries dust particles and enters the cyclone separator 4 through the conveying pipe 5. After centrifugal separation, the dust falls into the material leg 3. CO2 fluidizing gas is introduced into the material leg sulfurizing gas pipe 11 at the bottom of the material leg 3 to fluidize the material in the material leg 3. The pressure sensor 12 at the top of the material leg and the pressure sensor 14 at the bottom of the material leg determine the material height by monitoring the pressure difference. The material leg temperature sensor 13 monitors the material temperature, and then the material level and temperature are controlled by adjusting the CO2 flow rate. After the material enters the fly ash sending chamber 7 at the bottom of the material leg 3, the material conveying ejector pipe 9 passes through the high-temperature carbon dioxide... High-speed CO2 is introduced through carbon conveying pipe 10 to form a jet, which sends the material through cyclone return pipe 6 into the inner tube of the central jacket jet pipe 17 at the bottom of gasifier 2; the outer tube of the central jacket jet pipe 17 is introduced with superheated steam and oxygen pipe 20 to introduce oxidant, which reacts violently with the material in the inner tube in the jet zone and releases heat. At the same time, superheated steam pipe 19 introduces superheated steam into the gas distribution plate 16, which promotes the material in the fluidized bed to form an internal circulation; the molten ash produced by the reaction falls into the ash discharge zone 15 at the bottom of the gasifier and is discharged through the inclined ash discharge port 18. The purified process gas is discharged from the process gas pipe 22 at the top of the cyclone separator 4. If the fly ash sending chamber 7 is blocked, it can be treated through the unblocking port 8.

[0035] The components of this utility model are: 1. Device body; 2. Gasifier; 3. Material leg; 4. Cyclone separator; 5. Conveying pipe; 6. Cyclone return pipe; 7. Fly ash sending chamber; 8. Unblocking port; 9. Material conveying ejector pipe; 10. High-temperature carbon dioxide conveying gas pipe; 11. Material leg sulfurization gas pipe; 12. Upper pressure sensor of material leg; 13. Material leg temperature sensor; 14. Lower pressure sensor of material leg; 15. Slag discharge area at the bottom of gasifier; 16. Gas distribution plate; 17. Central jacket jet pipe; 18. Slag discharge port; 19. Superheated steam pipe; 20. Superheated steam and oxygen pipe; 21. Feed pipe; 22. Process gas pipe. All components are general standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. The problem solved by this utility model is that the cyclone relies on the pressure difference between the material leg and the fluidized bed for material return. When the fluidized bed... At high temperatures, the cyclone often fails to return material or has difficulty returning it, causing the system to malfunction. The material captured by the cyclone is mostly fine, low-volatile, stubborn carbon. However, the traditional cyclone return method makes it difficult for this material to enter the high-pressure, high-temperature zone of the gasifier, resulting in very low secondary gasification efficiency. Most of the dust enters the cyclone system with the airflow. This cycle continues, gradually increasing the fine powder inside the gasifier, worsening the operating conditions, and eventually sending it into the downstream system with the airflow. This places a heavy processing load on the dust removal equipment in the downstream system, leading to a high failure rate. During the gasification process, a large amount of CO2 gas is generated. Since it cannot be effectively utilized, it is emitted into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution and low carbon utilization. This invention, through the combination of the above components, can significantly improve the secondary gasification efficiency, reduce the accumulation of fine powder and its escape to the downstream system, and reduce the dust removal load and failure rate of the downstream equipment.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A cyclone continuous return gasification device, characterized in that: The device includes a main body (1), which includes a gasifier (2), a material leg (3), a cyclone separator (4), a conveying pipe (5), and a cyclone return pipe (6). The material leg (3) and the cyclone separator (4) are located on the right side of the gasifier (2). The cyclone separator (4) is installed on the top of the material leg (3). The top of the gasifier (2) is connected to the cyclone separator (4) through the conveying pipe (5). The bottom of the gasifier (2) is connected to the bottom of the material leg (3) through the cyclone return pipe (6). The top of the cyclone separator (4) is provided with a process gas pipe (22). The bottom of the material leg (3) has a funnel-shaped structure. The bottom of the material leg (3) is provided with a fly ash sending chamber (7). The bottom of the fly ash sending chamber (7) is provided with a blockage removal port (8). The material leg (3), the fly ash sending chamber (7) and the blockage removal port (8) are all through-type structures. A material conveying ejector pipe (9) is installed inside the fly ash sending chamber (7). The right end of the material conveying ejector pipe (9) is located outside the fly ash sending chamber (7). A high-temperature carbon dioxide conveying gas pipe (10) is provided at the right end of the material conveying ejector pipe (9). A material leg vulcanizing gas pipe (11) is provided on the right side of the bottom of the material leg (3).

2. The cyclone continuous return gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure sensor (12) of the material leg (3) is provided on the top right side, and the lower pressure sensor (14) of the material leg (3) is installed on the bottom right side. The measuring ends of the upper pressure sensor (12), the temperature sensor (13) and the lower pressure sensor (14) are all inside the material leg (3).

3. The cyclone continuous return gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasifier (2) has a bottom slag discharge area (15) at the bottom. The bottom slag discharge area (15) has a funnel-shaped structure. The bottom of the bottom slag discharge area (15) has a central jacketed jet pipe (17) at the bottom. The bottom slag discharge area (15) has a slag discharge port (18) installed at an incline. The right side of the central jacketed jet pipe (17) has a superheated steam and oxygen pipe (20). A gas distribution plate (16) is installed inside the bottom slag discharge area (15).

4. The cyclone continuous return gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasifier (2) has a circular structure and an arc-shaped top. A feed pipe (21) is installed on the bottom left side of the gasifier (2), and an overheated steam pipe (19) is installed on the bottom right side of the gasifier (2).

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