Plant oil physical refining deacidification tower

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of deacidification towers of vegetable oil physical refining, it is related to the technical field of vegetable oil processing.It includes deacidification tower, and the top of deacidification tower is equipped with fatty acid steam outlet, and the innovation point is that: deacidification tower side upper portion is equipped with preheater, and the preheater is composed of feed tank, discharge tank and the multiple heat exchange pipes of intercommunication two. The heat exchange pipe is immersed in the fatty acid steam space of the top of deacidification tower, and forms built-in heat exchange structure. Heat exchange pipe adopts U type tube bundle design, and is connected by detachable first connecting flange and second connecting flange respectively to realize elbow pipe place and the connection of tube bundle and tank body, and it is convenient to maintain. Further, detachable flow-around member is arranged in the straight pipe section of heat exchange pipe, for heat transfer enhancement. The utility model effectively recycles latent heat of high-temperature fatty acid steam generated in deacidification process to preheat crude oil, reduces system energy consumption, and its modularization, detachable design facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vegetable oil processing technology, specifically to a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil. Background Technology

[0002] Physical refining of vegetable oils is currently the mainstream technology in oil processing. One of its core processes involves removing free fatty acids from crude oil using steam distillation in a high-temperature, high-vacuum deacidification tower. During this process, the fatty acid vapor discharged from the top of the deacidification tower reaches extremely high temperatures, typically 240°C to 260°C, containing a large amount of heat energy.

[0003] Currently, the industry's conventional method for handling this high-temperature fatty acid vapor is to introduce it into an external condenser and directly condense it into liquid fatty acids using circulating cooling water. While this method achieves fatty acid recovery, it results in a significant waste of high-quality heat energy. On the one hand, the latent heat of the high-temperature fatty acid vapor is completely transferred to the cooling water and ultimately dissipated into the environment, failing to achieve effective energy recovery. On the other hand, in order to heat the cold crude oil entering the deacidification tower to the high temperature required for deacidification, a large amount of additional steam or other external heat sources are needed, resulting in persistently high energy consumption for the entire system.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a deacidification tower for the physical refining of vegetable oils. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oils. By incorporating a preheater and utilizing the waste heat of fatty acid steam, energy conservation is achieved. At the same time, its modular and detachable structure facilitates maintenance and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil, comprising a deacidification tower, a fatty acid vapor outlet provided at the top of the deacidification tower, an installation box fixedly installed on the upper part of one side of the outer surface of the deacidification tower, a preheater installed between the installation box and the deacidification tower, the preheater comprising a discharge box, a feed box, and heat exchange tubes, the number of heat exchange tubes being multiple sets, the feed box and the discharge box being connected by multiple heat exchange tubes; the heat exchange tubes are immersed in the fatty acid vapor space at the top of the deacidification tower; the feed box is used to introduce crude oil to be preheated, the discharge box is used to discharge the preheated crude oil; a discharge valve is installed at the end of the discharge box away from the heat exchange tubes, and a feed valve is installed at the end of the feed box away from the heat exchange tubes; the heat exchange tubes are U-shaped tube bundles, and the bends of the U-shaped tube bundles are connected by a detachable first connecting flange.

[0007] Preferably, the two ends of the U-shaped tube bundle are also connected to the feed box and the discharge box via a detachable second connecting flange.

[0008] Preferably, the straight section of the heat exchange tube is provided with a detachable flow-around component; the flow-around component is used to agitate the crude oil flowing inside the tube to enhance heat transfer.

[0009] Preferably, the flow-around component is a helical twisted plate.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing limiting ring is fixedly installed at the end of the straight tube cavity away from the bend in the heat exchange tube, an insertion limiting ring is provided at one end of the flow-around component, and connecting shafts are fixedly installed between the two sides of one end of the flow-around component and the insertion limiting ring.

[0011] Preferably, after the flow-around component is inserted into the straight section of the heat exchange tube, the insertion limiting ring is located on one side of the fixed limiting ring and is fixed by bolts.

[0012] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil integrates a preheater directly into the top of the tower and utilizes the latent heat of high-temperature fatty acid vapor to preheat the cold crude oil flowing through the heat exchange tubes, thus realizing energy utilization. This not only reduces the external heat energy consumption required to heat the crude oil to the deacidification temperature, but also reduces the demand for cooling water from the external condenser, thereby achieving overall energy saving and consumption reduction in the production process and effectively reducing operating costs.

[0013] 2. The deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil has a core component—the heat exchange tube—that adopts a U-shaped tube bundle structure and achieves a fully flanged detachable connection through a first connecting flange (at the bend) and a second connecting flange (at both ends of the tube bundle). This allows single or multiple heat exchange tubes to be disassembled, cleaned, or replaced independently, making maintenance more flexible and faster, and reducing maintenance difficulty, time, and cost.

[0014] 3. This deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil effectively disturbs the flow pattern of crude oil inside the tube by setting detachable flow-around components (such as spiral twisting blades) inside the straight section of the heat exchange tube, breaking the laminar boundary layer near the tube wall, enhancing the turbulence of the fluid, and improving the processing efficiency and operational stability of the entire deacidification system.

[0015] 4. This deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil has a limiting and fixing structure for the flow-around component, which consists of a fixed limiting ring, an insert limiting ring and a connecting shaft. It can be disassembled, which makes it easy to clean or replace the flow-around component separately when it is scaled or its performance deteriorates, thus reducing the difficulty of cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the preheater in a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube in a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a partial side cross-sectional view of the heat exchange tube in a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Deacidification tower; 2. Fatty acid vapor outlet; 3. Mounting box; 4. Preheater; 5. Discharge box; 6. Feed box; 7. Heat exchange tube; 8. Discharge valve; 9. Feed valve; 10. First connecting flange; 11. Second connecting flange; 12. Flow bypass component; 13. Fixed limiting ring; 14. Insertion limiting ring; 15. Connecting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil, including a deacidification tower 1, with a fatty acid vapor outlet 2 at the top of the deacidification tower 1. An installation box 3 is fixedly installed on the upper part of one side of the outer surface of the deacidification tower 1, and a preheater 4 is installed between the installation box 3 and the deacidification tower 1.

[0023] The preheater 4 includes a discharge box 5, a feed box 6, and heat exchange tubes 7. Multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 7 connect the feed box 6 and the discharge box 5. The heat exchange tubes 7 are immersed in the fatty acid vapor space at the top of the deacidification tower 1. The discharge box 5 and the feed box 6 are fixed in the mounting box 3. The feed box 6 is used to introduce the crude oil to be preheated, and the discharge box 5 is used to discharge the preheated crude oil. A discharge valve 8 is installed at the end of the discharge box 5 away from the heat exchange tubes 7, and a feed valve 9 is installed at the end of the feed box 6 away from the heat exchange tubes 7.

[0024] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 7 is a U-shaped tube bundle, and the bends of the U-shaped tube bundle are connected by a detachable first connecting flange 10. This structure allows one or more U-shaped heat exchange tubes to be easily disassembled from the bends, facilitating cleaning and reducing the difficulty of cleaning.

[0025] Furthermore, the two ends of the U-shaped tube bundle are also connected to the feed box 6 and the discharge box 5 via a detachable second connecting flange 11. Through the cooperation of the first connecting flange 10 and the second connecting flange 11, a fully flanged detachable connection of the heat exchange tube 7 is achieved, which facilitates subsequent maintenance.

[0026] To enhance heat transfer, a detachable flow-around component 12 is installed inside the straight section of the heat exchange tube 7. The flow-around component 12 is used to agitate the crude oil flowing inside the tube, break the laminar boundary layer, enhance turbulence, and thus improve heat transfer efficiency. As a preferred embodiment, the flow-around component 12 is a helical twisted vane.

[0027] To enable the detachable installation of the flow-around component 12, a fixing limiting ring 13 is fixedly installed at the end of the straight tube cavity away from the bend in the heat exchange tube 7. An insertion limiting ring 14 is provided at one end of the flow-around component 12, and connecting shafts 15 are fixedly installed between the two sides of one end of the flow-around component 12 and the insertion limiting ring 14.

[0028] During installation, the flow-around component 12 is inserted into the straight section of the heat exchange tube 7, so that the insertion limiting ring 14 is positioned on one side of the fixed limiting ring 13. Then, the insertion limiting ring 14 and the fixed limiting ring 13 are fixed with bolts. This facilitates the cleaning of the flow-around component 12 later and reduces the difficulty of cleaning.

[0029] The working process of this utility model is as follows: During normal operation of the deacidification tower 1, its top space is filled with high-temperature fatty acid vapor (typically 240°C to 260°C). The cold crude oil to be treated enters the feed box 6 through the feed valve 9 and is then distributed to each U-shaped heat exchange tube 7. As the cold crude oil flows through the heat exchange tubes 7 immersed in the high-temperature fatty acid vapor, it exchanges heat with the vapor outside the tubes through the tube walls and is rapidly preheated.

[0030] The preheated crude oil is collected in discharge box 5 and discharged through discharge valve 8, then enters the subsequent processing unit or directly enters the lower part of deacidification tower 1 for deacidification operation. At the same time, the high-temperature fatty acid vapor outside the pipe is partially condensed after releasing its latent heat, and the remaining vapor is discharged through fatty acid vapor outlet 2 and enters the subsequent condensation recovery system.

[0031] The advantages of this utility model are: 1. By integrating the preheater 4 into the top of the deacidification tower 1, the high-quality waste heat (latent heat of fatty acid vapor) generated during the deacidification process is directly used to preheat the feed crude oil, which reduces the external heat energy consumption required to heat the crude oil to the deacidification temperature, and at the same time reduces the cooling load of the external fatty acid condenser, thus achieving energy saving.

[0032] 2. The heat exchange tube 7 adopts a fully flanged detachable connection (first connecting flange 10 and second connecting flange 11), which makes maintenance, cleaning and replacement very convenient and effectively solves the problem of heat exchange tubes being difficult to maintain due to scaling or damage that may occur during long-term operation.

[0033] 3. A detachable flow-around component 12 (spiral twisting blade) is installed inside the heat exchange tube 7, which enhances the turbulence of the fluid inside the tube, strengthens the heat transfer process, and improves the preheating efficiency.

[0034] 4. The flow-around component 12 is fixed by a limiting ring structure (fixed limiting ring 13, plug-in limiting ring 14) and bolts, which enables quick disassembly and assembly, and facilitates the cleaning or replacement of the flow-around component separately.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second (number one, number two), etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil, comprising a deacidification tower (1), wherein the top of the deacidification tower (1) is provided with a fatty acid vapor outlet (2), characterized in that: An installation box (3) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer surface of one side of the deacidification tower (1). A preheater (4) is installed between the installation box (3) and the deacidification tower (1). The preheater (4) includes a discharge box (5), a feed box (6) and heat exchange tubes (7). There are multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (7). The feed box (6) and the discharge box (5) are connected by multiple heat exchange tubes (7). The heat exchange tubes (7) are immersed in the fatty acid vapor space at the top of the deacidification tower (1). The feed box (6) is used to introduce crude oil to be preheated. The discharge box (5) is used to discharge the preheated crude oil. A discharge valve (8) is installed at the end of the discharge box (5) away from the heat exchange tubes (7). A feed valve (9) is installed at the end of the feed box (6) away from the heat exchange tubes (7). The heat exchange tubes (7) are U-shaped tube bundles. The bends of the U-shaped tube bundles are connected by a detachable first connecting flange (10).

2. The deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the U-shaped tube bundle are also connected to the feed box (6) and the discharge box (5) via a detachable second connecting flange (11).

3. The deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight section of the heat exchange tube (7) is provided with a detachable flow-around component (12); the flow-around component (12) is used to disturb the crude oil flowing inside the tube to enhance heat transfer.

4. The deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow-around component (12) is a helical twisted plate.

5. The deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed limiting ring (13) is fixedly installed at the end of the straight tube cavity away from the bend in the heat exchange tube (7). A plug-in limiting ring (14) is provided at one end of the flow-around component (12). A connecting shaft (15) is fixedly installed between the two sides of one end of the flow-around component (12) and the plug-in limiting ring (14).

6. The deacidification tower for physical refining of vegetable oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the flow-around component (12) is inserted into the straight section of the heat exchange tube (7), the insertion limiting ring (14) is limited to one side of the fixed limiting ring (13) and fixed by bolts.

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