Continuous shot blasting protective device for aero-engine blade machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of continuous type shot blasting protective devices for aero-engine blade processing, including sand blasting support, sand blasting box and pretreatment box, the sand blasting box and the pretreatment box are installed in the inboard of the sand blasting support, chain type conveyor is installed on the sand blasting support, the inboard of the pretreatment box is installed with pretreater, the pretreater includes a pair of sealed hydraulic push rod group, the utility model relates to aero-engine blade processing technical field, by the design of replaceable clamping block and mould groove, high-precision, low-stress clamping to complex blade profile blade is realized, effectively avoid the clamping deformation of thin-walled workpiece;Utilize the protective connection structure of polyurethane board and electromagnetic expansion locking, can realize quick, accurate and reliable automation protection to blade key area, greatly improve shielding accuracy and operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aero-engine blade processing technology, specifically a continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing. Background Technology

[0002] As a core hot-end component, the surface integrity and fatigue performance of aero-engine blades have a decisive impact on engine reliability. Shot blasting is a key process for improving the compressive stress on the blade surface and extending its service life, but it still faces many challenges in actual continuous production.

[0003] In existing technologies, blade shot blasting often uses general-purpose fixtures for fixing, which has problems such as low matching degree with blade shape and concentrated clamping stress, making thin-walled blades prone to micro-deformation under shot blasting impact. At the same time, precision areas such as blade roots and tenons need to be protected during shot blasting. Traditional methods of wrapping with tape or manually installing protective covers have problems such as low efficiency, poor shielding accuracy, and residual pollution from protective materials, making them difficult to adapt to the pace of mass production.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional shot blasting equipment has limited automation. The processes of blade loading, positioning, protection, shot blasting, and unloading largely rely on manual operation, resulting in low production efficiency and human intervention that can easily introduce quality fluctuations. Although some automation solutions have attempted to use robotic arms to directly grip the blades, bottlenecks such as insufficient positioning stability and cumbersome switching of protective tooling still exist, leading to uneven shot blasting coverage and poor process stability. In view of this, in-depth research was conducted to address the above problems, resulting in this case. Utility Model Content

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing, comprising a sandblasting bracket, a sandblasting box, and a pretreatment box. The sandblasting box and the pretreatment box are installed inside the sandblasting bracket. A chain-type conveyor is installed on the sandblasting bracket. A preprocessor is installed inside the pretreatment box. The preprocessor includes a pair of sealed hydraulic push rods. An insert cylindrical block is installed on the pushing end of the sealed hydraulic push rods. A replaceable clamping block is installed on the insert cylindrical block. The replaceable clamping block has a mold groove and an insert cylindrical hole. The insert cylindrical block is movably inserted into the inside of the insert cylindrical hole. A protective connection structure is installed on the replaceable clamping block.

[0006] Preferably, the protective connection structure includes multiple polyurethane plates, each polyurethane plate having a limiting hole. Multiple expansion cylindrical blocks are mounted on the replaceable clamping block. Multiple expansion convex grooves are respectively formed on the insert cylindrical block and the expansion cylindrical block. Multiple positioning holes are formed on the insert cylindrical hole and the limiting hole. A convex expansion block is mounted on the inner side of the expansion convex groove. A compression spring post is mounted on the expansion convex groove and the convex expansion block. An adsorption electromagnet is mounted on the expansion convex groove. An adsorption magnet is mounted on the convex expansion block. Multiple fixing threaded tubes are formed on the replaceable clamping block, and a fixing threaded rod is mounted on the inner side of each fixing threaded tube.

[0007] Preferably, a handling robotic arm is installed on the sandblasting bracket, and a negative pressure suction cup is installed on the handling robotic arm.

[0008] Preferably, the blasting box is equipped with multiple directional shot blasting nozzles and a shot circulation system. The directional shot blasting nozzles are connected to the shot circulation system through pipelines. The shot circulation system includes a shot elevator, a separator, and a storage hopper, which is used to realize the automatic recovery, screening, and reuse of the shot blasting media.

[0009] Preferably, a sealed transition door is provided between the sandblasting box and the pretreatment box. The sealed transition door is linked to the chain conveyor and can be automatically opened after the blade clamping and assembly is completed, so that the replaceable clamping block with blades can be smoothly entered from the pretreatment box into the sandblasting box for shot blasting.

[0010] Preferably, a control system is also provided on one side of the sandblasting bracket. The control system is electrically connected to the sealed hydraulic push rod assembly, the adsorption electromagnet, the handling robotic arm, the chain conveyor, the shot circulation system, and the sealed transition chamber door, respectively, to coordinate the various components to achieve continuous automated operation of blade feeding, clamping protection, shot blasting, and unloading.

[0011] This utility model provides a continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing. It offers the following advantages: Through replaceable clamping blocks and mold slots, this continuous shot blasting protection device achieves high-precision, low-stress clamping of complex blade shapes, effectively preventing deformation of thin-walled workpieces. Utilizing a protective connection structure of polyurethane plates and electromagnetic expansion locking, it enables rapid, accurate, and reliable automated protection of critical areas of the blade, significantly improving shielding accuracy and operational efficiency. Through the coordinated operation of a chain conveyor, a handling robotic arm, and a central control system, a complete automated production line is constructed, from clamping, protection, shot blasting to unloading. This completely solves the pain points of traditional processes that rely on manual labor and have poor process connections. Ultimately, while ensuring consistent shot blasting strengthening quality, it significantly improves the mass production efficiency and overall process level of aero-engine blades. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of a continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the letter "A" in the image.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Sandblasting bracket; 2. Pretreatment box; 3. Sealed hydraulic push rod assembly; 4. Inserted cylindrical block; 5. Mold groove; 6. Inserted cylindrical hole; 7. Polyurethane board; 8. Limiting hole; 9. Expansion cylindrical block; 10. Expansion convex groove; 11. Positioning hole; 12. Convex expansion block; 13. Extrusion spring column; 14. Adsorption electromagnet; 15. Adsorption magnet; 16. Fixed threaded tube; 17. Fixed threaded rod. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0017] Those skilled in the art should connect all electrical components and their compatible power supplies in this case via wires. Appropriate controllers and encoders should be selected according to the actual situation to meet control requirements. The specific connection and control sequence should refer to the working principle described below, where the electrical components are connected in sequence. The detailed connection methods are well-known in the art. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and will not describe the electrical control further. Example

[0018] Please see Figure 1-3 In the field of shot blasting strengthening of aero-engine blades, existing technologies mainly face three major bottlenecks: First, traditional general-purpose fixtures have low compatibility with complex blade profiles, and stress concentration during clamping can easily lead to deformation of thin-walled blades; second, the protection of critical areas such as blade roots and tenons relies heavily on manual wrapping, which poses risks of low efficiency, poor shielding accuracy, and material residue contamination, making it difficult to meet the requirements of mass production; finally, the connection between various processes in the entire shot blasting process relies heavily on manual operation, resulting in insufficient automation and continuity, which not only leads to low production efficiency but also easily introduces quality fluctuations, restricting the improvement of high-performance and high-consistency processing levels of blades. Therefore, this application protects a continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing. A pair of replaceable clamping blocks are transported via a chain conveyor. A fixed threaded rod 17 is movably inserted into the inner side of a fixed threaded tube 16 on another replaceable clamping block, thereby threading the pair of replaceable clamping blocks. Simultaneously, a pair of sealed hydraulic push rod assemblies 3 operate, driving the insert cylindrical blocks 4 on them, thus movably inserting the insert cylindrical blocks 4 into the inner side of the insert cylindrical holes 6 on the inner side of the replaceable clamping blocks. An electromagnet 14 magnetically attracts an adsorption magnet 15, which in turn drives a convex expansion block 12 on it. Simultaneously, the convex expansion block 12 compresses the spring. The spring column 13 is squeezed and contracted, disconnecting the current on the electromagnet 14. The spring column 13 is squeezed and pushed to push the convex expansion block 12, thereby inserting the convex expansion block 12 into the inner side of the positioning hole 11, thereby expanding, squeezing and fixing it, and thus carrying out transportation and squeezing. This allows a pair of replaceable clamping blocks to clamp and squeeze the blade. Then, the polyurethane plate 7 is attracted and transported by the handling robot arm and its negative pressure suction cup, thereby installing the polyurethane plate 7 one by one onto a pair of replaceable clamping blocks. The limiting hole 8 on the polyurethane plate 7 is inserted into the expansion cylindrical block 9 on the replaceable clamping block through the cooperation of the limiting hole 8 on the polyurethane plate 7 and the expansion cylindrical block 9 on the replaceable clamping block, thereby packaging and protecting the fixed position of the blade. In summary, the entire process begins at the pre-processing station. A chain conveyor transports a pair of replaceable clamping blocks to a designated position, where they are threaded together by the engagement of a fixed threaded rod 17 and a fixed threaded tube 16, forming a single clamping unit. Subsequently, a pair of sealed hydraulic push rods 3 of the pre-processor begin operation, pushing the insert cylindrical block 4 at its end into the insert cylindrical hole 6 of the clamping block. At this time, the electromagnet 14 is energized to generate magnetic force, attracting the magnet 15 on the convex expansion block 12, causing the convex expansion block 12 to overcome the elastic force of the compression spring column 13 and retract into the expansion convex groove 10. After insertion, the electromagnet 14 is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the compression spring column 13 pushes the convex expansion block 12 out and into the positioning hole 11. This expansion and compression mechanism achieves rigid locking between the insert cylindrical block 4 and the replaceable clamping block, thereby driving the pair of clamping blocks to close and using the mold groove 5 on them to firmly clamp the blade. Next, under the control system's command, the robotic arm uses a negative pressure suction cup to pick up the polyurethane plates 7 and installs them one by one onto the clamping blocks that have already clamped the blades. The limiting holes 8 on the polyurethane plates 7 precisely engage with the expansion cylindrical blocks 9 on the clamping blocks. This protective connection structure is locked using the same electromagnetic control and spring expansion principle, ensuring that the polyurethane plates 7 tightly cover the areas of the blades that need protection. After the protection work is completed, the sealed transition door between the pretreatment box 2 and the sandblasting box automatically opens under the control system's command, and the chain conveyor smoothly delivers the clamped and protected blade assembly into the sandblasting box. Inside the sandblasting box, the shot circulation system (including the elevator, separator, and storage hopper) continuously supplies and circulates the shot blasting medium, and multiple directional shot blasting nozzles continuously and uniformly blast the non-protected areas of the blades. After the treatment is completed, the assembly is transported out, and the equipment releases the clamps and protection in reverse order, completing one work cycle. This achieves full automation and efficient protection from clamping, protection, shot blasting to unloading.

[0019] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing, characterized in that, The device includes a sandblasting support, a sandblasting box, and a pretreatment box. The sandblasting box and the pretreatment box are installed inside the sandblasting support. A chain conveyor is installed on the sandblasting support. A preprocessor is installed inside the pretreatment box. The preprocessor includes a pair of sealed hydraulic push rods. An insert cylindrical block is installed on the pushing end of the sealed hydraulic push rods. A replaceable clamping block is installed on the insert cylindrical block. The replaceable clamping block has a mold groove and an insert cylindrical hole. The insert cylindrical block is movably inserted into the inside of the insert cylindrical hole. A protective connection structure is installed on the replaceable clamping block.

2. The continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective connection structure includes multiple polyurethane plates, each with a limiting hole. Multiple expansion cylindrical blocks are mounted on the replaceable clamping block. Multiple expansion convex grooves are respectively formed on the insert cylindrical blocks and the expansion cylindrical blocks. Multiple positioning holes are formed on the insert cylindrical holes and the limiting holes. A convex expansion block is mounted on the inner side of each expansion convex groove. A compression spring post is mounted on each expansion convex groove and the convex expansion block. An adsorption electromagnet is mounted on each expansion convex groove. An adsorption magnet is mounted on each convex expansion block. Multiple fixed threaded tubes are formed on the replaceable clamping block, and a fixed threaded rod is mounted on the inner side of each fixed threaded tube.

3. The continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sandblasting support is equipped with a handling robotic arm, and the handling robotic arm is equipped with a negative pressure suction cup.

4. The continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sandblasting box is equipped with multiple directional shot peening nozzles and a shot circulation system.

5. A continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealed transition door is provided between the sandblasting box and the pretreatment box, and the sealed transition door is linked to the chain conveyor for control.

6. A continuous shot blasting protection device for aero-engine blade processing according to claim 5, characterized in that, A control system is also provided on one side of the sandblasting support. The control system is electrically connected to the sealed hydraulic push rod assembly, the adsorption electromagnet, the handling robotic arm, the chain conveyor, the shot circulation system, and the sealed transition chamber door.

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