A material box pressure relief device for an aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a material box pressure relief device for aluminium electrolysis cell belongs to aluminium electrolysis production equipment technical field, the pressure relief device includes: be located in the material box top's pressure relief cylinder, be located in the pressure relief cylinder, be used for the filter core of filtering from the material box escape gas, the filter core blow -off pipeline that penetrates filter core, is equipped with at least one filter core blow -off hole of filter core to filter core on the pipe wall of filter core blow -off pipeline, the exhaust port of gas source is communicated with filter core blow -off pipeline, is used for the gas of gas source export is introduced into filter core blow -off pipeline, and through filter core blow -off hole to filter core reverse blow -off dust removal. The present application utilizes the waste gas that the shell -breaking air cylinder periodically discharges as power source, through the blow -off hole to filter core carries out automatic, regular reverse pulse blow -off dust removal to filter core, thereby effectively prevented the blockage of filter core. The device simple structure, need not additional power, realized the on -line self -cleaning of filtration system, guaranteed the long -term stable pressure relief effect of material box, improved production safety and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis production equipment, and in particular to a pressure relief device for a material box in an aluminum electrolysis cell. Background Technology

[0002] In the aluminum electrolysis production process, alumina needs to be supplied to the hopper at the top of the electrolytic cell at regular intervals via a dense phase conveying system. During feeding, a large amount of pressurized gas enters the hopper along with the alumina powder. To prevent excessive pressure inside the hopper, which could cause alumina to spray out from weak points such as inspection ports, or create a "pressure buildup" problem that makes it difficult for subsequent materials to enter, a pressure relief device must be installed at the top of the hopper to release excess gas. However, the gas discharged from the hopper inevitably carries a large amount of fine alumina dust. Direct discharge would result in material waste and environmental pollution; if discharged into the gas collection hood of the electrolytic cell, a large amount of alumina would deposit on the cell cover, increasing the cleaning burden on workers. An excessively thick alumina layer could also affect the thermal balance of the electrolytic cell and even cause production accidents.

[0003] Therefore, existing pressure relief devices usually have a filtration function.

[0004] Currently, the main existing filtration methods include: 1. Setting up pressure relief pipes or labyrinth structures: such as setting up bends or complex damping structures in the pressure relief channel, attempting to increase the gas flow path and use gravity to make dust settle. However, this method has limited separation effect on fine dust, and the channel itself is also easily clogged by powder.

[0005] II. Using filter bags or cartridges: For example, installing filter bags or cartridges at the pressure relief port. This method initially provides good filtration, but its fatal flaw is that fine alumina dust quickly clogs the pores of the filter media, causing a sharp drop in pressure relief capacity and ultimately complete failure. Once clogged, manual cleaning or replacement is required, resulting in a large workload and safety hazards in high-temperature, dusty environments. To solve the clogging problem, an additional compressed air pipeline and solenoid valve are added for periodic backflushing of the filter media. While this maintains filtration performance, it increases additional equipment investment costs.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need for a material box pressure relief solution that is simple in structure, low in cost, requires no additional power, and can achieve long-term, reliable, and automatic dust removal. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, this application provides a pressure relief device for the hopper of an aluminum electrolytic cell. The main purpose is to overcome the shortcomings of existing pressure relief devices, such as the filter system being easily clogged by alumina dust, difficult maintenance, and high cost. The application provides a simple structure that can utilize existing equipment exhaust gas for automatic backflushing and dust removal, thereby maintaining a good pressure relief effect over a long period.

[0008] According to this utility model, a pressure relief device for a material tank in an aluminum electrolytic cell is provided, comprising: a pressure relief cylinder disposed at the top of the material tank; a filter element disposed inside the pressure relief cylinder for filtering gas escaping from the material tank; a filter element blowing pipe penetrating the filter element, wherein at least one filter element blowing hole facing the filter element is provided on the pipe wall of the filter element blowing pipe; and connecting the exhaust port of a gas source to the filter element blowing pipe for introducing the gas discharged from the gas source into the filter element blowing pipe and for reverse blowing the filter element through the filter element blowing hole to clean the dust.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper part of the pressure relief cylinder is provided with a pressure relief cap, and the pressure relief cap is provided with at least one pressure relief hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the axis of the filter element blowing pipe is coaxial with the axis of the filter element, and the filter element is wrapped around the outside of the filter element blowing pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the filter element blowing pipe is provided with a protective sleeve coaxial with it, and the protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material box.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the filter element blowing pipe is provided with a removable leak-proof filter screen.

[0013] Furthermore, the leak-proof filter screen is inclined relative to the central axis of the filter element blowing pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter element adopts a multi-layer structure design, including an inner coarse filter screen for filtering large particulate materials and an outer precision filter screen for filtering fine particulate materials.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the material bin is provided with a feeding valve that communicates with the feeding port. The feeding valve is opened and closed by a control system. The control system includes a PLC controller and a material level detector. The material level detector is used to detect the material height in the material bin in real time and feed the signal back to the PLC controller to control the feeding valve.

[0016] Furthermore, a first channel for the passage of dust-laden gas is formed between the outer wall of the filter element blowing pipe and the inner wall of the filter element; a second channel for the passage of filtered clean gas is formed between the outer wall of the filter element and the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the air source is a shell-breaking cylinder installed on the electrolytic cell, and the filter element blowing pipe is connected to the exhaust port of the shell-breaking cylinder.

[0018] Beneficial effects This application ingeniously utilizes the pressurized exhaust gas that is inevitably discharged from the existing equipment on the electrolytic cell—the shell-breaking cylinder—during its working cycle. Through a simple pipe, this "exhaust gas" is converted into a "power source" for reverse pulse jet cleaning of the filter element. Because the shell-breaking cylinder operates periodically, it achieves timed and automatic dust removal of the filter element, eliminating the need for any additional energy consumption or complex control systems, thus fundamentally solving the problem of filter element clogging.

[0019] The entire device in this application consists only of a pressure relief cylinder, a filter element, and connecting pipes. Compared with complex dust collectors with independent backflushing systems, this utility model has an extremely simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient installation. It can be directly modified on the existing material box and is easy to promote and apply.

[0020] In addition, because the filter element can maintain cleanliness and high air permeability for a long time, it ensures that the pressure relief channel of the material box is always unobstructed, effectively avoiding problems such as material spraying, leakage, and feeding difficulties caused by excessive pressure, ensuring the stability of the electrolytic cell operation and reducing safety hazards.

[0021] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, as part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a pressure relief device for a feed tank in an aluminum electrolysis cell, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a pressure relief device for a feed tank in an aluminum electrolysis cell, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0024] Icon labels: 1. Electrolytic cell; 2. Material bin; 3. Feed chute; 4. Shell-breaking cylinder; 5. Exhaust port; 6. Filter element blowing pipe; 7. Filter element blowing hole; 8. Pressure relief cap; 9. Pressure relief hole; 10. Pressure relief cylinder; 11. Feed port; 12. Chute air supply pipe; 13. Connecting bolts; 14. Filter element; 15. Feeder; 16. Inspection port.

[0025] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] Example like Figure 1-2 As shown, this utility model provides a pressure relief device for the upper material box of an aluminum electrolytic cell. The pressure relief device is installed on the top of the material box 2 at the top of the electrolytic cell 1. It aims to solve problems such as alumina spraying, material leakage and equipment damage caused by the increased pressure in the sealed space during the feeding process of the electrolytic cell material box.

[0030] In one feasible embodiment, the pressure relief device mainly includes a cylindrical pressure relief cylinder 10 fixed to the top of the material box 2 by connecting bolts 13. A pressure relief cap 8 is provided at the upper opening of the pressure relief cylinder 10, and a plurality of pressure relief holes 9 are evenly opened on the pressure relief cap 8, for example, four pressure relief holes 9, for discharging the filtered clean gas and serving as a discharge channel for the filtered clean gas, effectively balancing the pressure inside and outside the material box.

[0031] In this embodiment, an annular filter element 14 is provided in the portion of the pressure relief cylinder 10 that extends into the material box 2. The filter element 14 is used to intercept dust that escapes from the material box 2 with the airflow. Preferably, the filter element 14 can adopt a multi-layer structure design, for example, the inner layer is a coarse filter screen with a larger pore size to intercept large particles, and the outer layer is a precision filter screen with a smaller pore size to filter fine dust, so as to improve filtration efficiency and service life. A first channel for dust-laden gas to pass through is formed between the outer wall of the filter element blowing pipe 6 and the inner wall of the filter element 14; a second channel for filtered clean gas to pass through is formed between the outer wall of the filter element 14 and the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder 10.

[0032] In one feasible embodiment, the pressure relief device further includes: a filter element blowing pipe 6, which is coaxially arranged along the central axis of the pressure relief cylinder 10 and passes through the annular filter element 14. The axis of the filter element blowing pipe 6 is coaxial with the axis of the filter element 14, and the filter element 14 is wrapped around the outside of the filter element blowing pipe 6. On the pipe wall of the filter element blowing pipe 6, at a height corresponding to the filter element 14, multiple filter element blowing holes 7 are formed, facing towards the inner wall of the filter element 14. The exhaust port of the air source is connected to the filter element blowing pipe 6 to guide the gas discharged from the air source into the filter element blowing pipe 6 and to reverse-blow and clean the filter element 14 through the filter element blowing holes 7.

[0033] In this embodiment, the air source is a shell-breaking cylinder 4 installed on the electrolytic cell 1. The filter element blowing pipe 6 is connected to the exhaust port 5 of the shell-breaking cylinder 4. After the shell-breaking cylinder 4 completes the shell-breaking action, the compressed air remaining in the cylinder is discharged. The key structure of this utility model is that one exhaust port of the shell-breaking cylinder 4 on the electrolytic cell 1, which is used to break the electrolyte shell, is connected to the upper end or side end of the filter element blowing pipe 6 through an exhaust pipe (not shown separately in the figure, but a pipe connecting the shell-breaking cylinder 4 and the filter element blowing pipe 6).

[0034] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: 1. Pressure relief and filtration: When alumina is supplied to the material box 2, the gas pressure inside the material box 2 increases. The airflow carrying alumina dust enters the pressure relief cylinder 10 from the material box 2. When passing through the filter element 14, the dust is intercepted on the outer surface of the filter element 14, while the clean gas passes through the filter element 14 and enters the interior of the pressure relief cylinder 10, and finally exits from the pressure relief hole 9 at the top. Most of the intercepted alumina dust will fall back into the material box 2 under the action of gravity.

[0035] II. Automatic Backflushing Cleaning: The shell-breaking cylinder 4 is a standard configuration on the electrolytic cell 1, operating periodically according to a set program (e.g., every tens of minutes or hours). When the shell-breaking cylinder 4 completes a shell-breaking action and retracts, one chamber of the cylinder 4 discharges compressed air with a certain pressure. This exhaust gas is guided through the exhaust pipe to the filter element blowing pipe 6, and then ejected at high speed from multiple filter element blowing holes 7 on the pipe wall of the filter element blowing pipe 6, forming a powerful pulsed reverse airflow that impacts the inner wall of the filter element 14. This pulsed backflushing airflow can effectively blow off the fine dust adhering to the outer surface of the filter element 14 that is difficult to detach by gravity, returning it to the material box 2, thereby completing the automatic cleaning of the filter element 14. Through such a clever structural linkage, this utility model utilizes the existing, periodic exhaust emissions in the production process to achieve zero-cost, fully automatic online maintenance of the filtration device, ensuring that the pressure relief device can operate reliably for a long time.

[0036] To further optimize the process, a protective sleeve coaxially arranged on the outside of the filter element blowing pipe 6 can be installed. This protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material hopper 2 to protect the filter element 14 from direct impact from materials inside the hopper. Simultaneously, a removable leak-proof filter screen can also be installed on the inner wall of the filter element blowing pipe 6 to prevent accidental material entry into the filter element blowing pipe 6 in extreme circumstances. Preferably, the leak-proof filter screen is inclined relative to the central axis of the filter element blowing pipe 6.

[0037] In one feasible implementation, the top of the material bin 2 is provided with a feed valve and an inspection port 16 connected to one end of the feed port 11. The feed valve is controlled to open and close by a control system; the control system includes a PLC controller and a material level detector. The material level detector is used to detect the material height in the material bin 2 in real time and feed the signal back to the PLC controller to control the feed valve. The other end of the feed port 11 is connected to the feeding chute 3 of the material bin. The feeding chute 3 is located above the feed port 11 and serves as a dedicated channel for alumina material to enter the material bin 2 from the feeding system, ensuring directional material conveying while allowing the material to slide down under gravity, reducing conveying resistance. The chute air supply pipe 12 is connected to the feeding chute 3 and is used to convey compressed air or inert gas to assist the material flow in the chute 3 and prevent the material from clogging due to friction or humidity.

[0038] In this embodiment, the inspection port 16 is located on the top side wall of the material bin 2, staggered from the feeding port 11. It serves as an entry point for equipment maintenance and repair, used to clean residual materials inside the material bin 2, check the condition of the filter element 14, or replace seals. In emergencies, it can serve as a backup channel for pressure relief or material discharge. In this application, placing the inspection port 16 on the top side wall of the material bin 2 facilitates regular maintenance, reduces downtime, and extends equipment lifespan.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the material bin 2 is equipped with a feeder 15 for controlling the quantitative delivery of material from the material bin 2 to the electrolytic cell 1, ensuring stable process parameters. Preferably, the feeder 15 may be designed with constant volume or variable frequency to adapt to the feeding requirements of different production stages. The feeder 15 in this application reduces material residue at the bottom of the material bin 2, lowering the risk of blockage.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can also be further combined or replaced. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure relief device for a feed hopper in an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that, include: Pressure relief cylinder (10) located on top of material box (2); A filter element (14) is installed inside the pressure relief cylinder (10) to filter the gas escaping from the material box (2); A filter element blowing pipe (6) that penetrates the filter element (14) has at least one filter element blowing hole (7) facing the filter element (14) on its pipe wall. The exhaust port of the air source is connected to the filter element blowing pipe (6) to introduce the gas discharged from the air source into the filter element blowing pipe (6) and to clean the filter element (14) by reverse blowing through the filter element blowing hole (7).

2. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief cylinder (10) is provided with a pressure relief cap (8) at its upper part, and the pressure relief cap (8) is provided with at least one pressure relief hole (9).

3. The pressure relief device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axis of the filter element blowing pipe (6) is coaxial with the axis of the filter element (14), and the filter element (14) is wrapped around the outside of the filter element blowing pipe (6).

4. The pressure relief device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the filter element blowing pipe (6) is provided with a protective sleeve coaxial with it, and the protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material box (2).

5. The pressure relief device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the filter element blowing pipe (6) is provided with a removable leak-proof filter screen.

6. The pressure relief device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The leak-proof filter is set at an angle.

7. The pressure relief device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter element (14) adopts a multi-layer structure design, including an inner coarse filter screen for filtering large particulate materials and an outer precision filter screen for filtering fine particulate materials.

8. The pressure relief device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the material box (2) is provided with a feeding valve that communicates with the feeding port (11), and the feeding valve is opened and closed by the control system. The control system includes a PLC controller and a material level detector. The material level detector is used to detect the material height in the material box (2) in real time and feed the signal back to the PLC controller to control the feed valve.

9. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first channel for the passage of dust-laden gas is formed between the outer wall of the filter element blowing pipe (6) and the inner wall of the filter element (14); A second channel is formed between the outer wall of the filter element (14) and the inner wall of the pressure relief cylinder (10) for the passage of filtered clean gas.

10. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas source is a shell-breaking cylinder (4) installed on the electrolytic cell (1), and the filter element blowing pipe (6) is connected to the exhaust port (5) of the shell-breaking cylinder (4).

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