Woven fabric

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of woven fabric, belong to textile and fabric technical field, including interwoven warp and weft, the fineness of weft is greater than the fineness of warp, warp is divided into warp A, warp B, warp C three groups, weft is divided into weft A, weft B, weft C three groups, warp A and warp B and weft A and weft B are interwoven according to left-right complementary and top-bottom complementary weaving method, the interwoven structure formed in the repeat unit of warp and weft forms regular open aperture unit, warp C and weft C are arranged using positive and negative long line organization, and periodic convex unit is formed in fabric surface layer.The woven fabric disclosed in the utility model can realize the cooling and breathable effect of fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of textile and fabric technology, and in particular to a woven fabric. Background Technology

[0002] Woven fabric is a type of fabric made by weaving blended and interlaced fiber yarns using a weaving method. It is one of the raw materials for woven garments and other finished products. Blending involves spinning two or more components into yarns in a certain proportion. Interlacing involves weaving two different types of fiber yarns into a fabric for both warp and weft.

[0003] When clothing is made from woven fabrics that are blended and interwoven with cooling fibers and other fibers, the surface temperature of the body parts that come into contact with the garment rises less over the same period of time compared to woven garments made from other traditional fibers, thus improving the comfort of the body when in contact for extended periods.

[0004] Traditional woven fabrics meet basic requirements for strength, crispness, and hand feel through yarn combinations and weaving structures. To improve the comfort of close-fitting clothing, the industry has introduced elastic core-spun yarns and functional fibers with cooling, thermal conductivity, or phase-change heat absorption properties into the yarn materials. However, existing technologies generally have the following shortcomings: on the one hand, the cooling effect produced by relying solely on functional fibers (such as so-called cooling fibers) at the yarn or fabric level is limited; on the other hand, traditional fabric structures have trade-offs in simultaneously considering macroscopic breathability, localized contact feel, and multi-directional elasticity, making it difficult to provide sufficient deformation adaptation and resilience for complex human movements while maintaining fabric stability. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model proposes a woven fabric that can achieve a cool and breathable effect.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a woven fabric comprising interwoven warp and weft yarns, wherein the weft yarns are thicker than the warp yarns. The warp yarns are divided into three groups: warp A, warp B, and warp C, and the weft yarns are divided into three groups: weft A, weft B, and weft C. Warp A and warp B, as well as weft A and weft B, are interwoven in a complementary left-right and top-bottom weaving pattern. The resulting interwoven structure forms regular open pore units within the repeating units in the warp and weft directions. Warp C and weft C are arranged using a positive and negative float yarn structure, forming periodic raised units on the fabric surface.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the length of the surface formed by the alternating arrangement of the warp yarn C and the weft yarn C is 3 units, and the covering length is 3 units, forming a surface protrusion unit array with a repeating cycle of 6 units.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the warp yarn is an elastic yarn of nylon wrapped with spandex.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the weft yarn is a core-spun elastic yarn made of cotton and cool-feeling fibers.

[0011] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the ratio of cotton and cool-feeling fiber blend in the weft yarn is 1:(0.9-1.1).

[0012] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the thickness of the weft yarn C is 0.06-0.09 mm greater than the thickness of the warp yarn C.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the size of a single pore in the open pore unit is 0.00045-0.00123 square micrometers, and the pore density is 3450-3500 pores per square centimeter.

[0014] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that the protrusion height of the highest point of the periodic protrusion unit relative to the fabric plane is 0.25-0.35mm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention proposes a woven fabric that, through the grouping and differentiated weaving of warp and weft yarns, organically constructs a fabric surface layer that promotes air circulation and enhances heat exchange through skin contact. Warp yarns A and B, and weft yarns A and B, employ a complementary left-right and top-bottom interweaving pattern, forming regular open pore units within repeating units in the warp and weft directions. These pores act as macroscopic channels, reducing the fabric's air resistance and increasing convection and evaporative heat dissipation pathways. Warp yarns C and weft yarns C are woven with alternating faceted and covered long yarns. Because the weft yarns are thicker than the warp yarns, they form a periodic array of raised units. These raised units can conduct heat from the hot skin to the cold fabric, achieving an instant cooling sensation upon contact and thus enhancing the cooling effect. Through the combined effect of these two elements, this invention, by linking the weaving process at the structural level, ultimately achieves comprehensive cooling and breathability performance of the fabric. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the interlaced warp and weft structure of a woven fabric according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interlacing of weft yarn A and warp yarn, either visible or covered, in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interlacing of warp yarn A and weft yarn, either visible or covered, in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment provides a woven fabric, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the interwoven warp and weft structure of a woven fabric according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Black squares represent warp yarns on the surface, and white squares represent weft yarns on the surface. The black cells where warp C and weft C intersect are represented by gray, and these are the highest points where the weft yarns on the back bulge upwards, which are the points of contact where the fabric provides a cooling sensation upon contact with the skin. For better illustration, Figure 1 Two cross-sectional views were added to the shaded area, as shown below. Figure 2-3As shown. This woven fabric includes interwoven warp and weft yarns. The warp yarns are divided into three groups: warp A, warp B, and warp C. The weft yarns are divided into three groups: weft A, weft B, and weft C. Warp A and warp B, as well as weft A and weft B, are interwoven in a complementary left-right and top-bottom pattern. The resulting interwoven structure forms regular open-pore units within the repeating units in the warp and weft directions. The weft yarns are thicker than the warp yarns. Warp C and weft C are arranged using a positive and negative float yarn structure, forming periodic raised units on the fabric surface. The technical solution of this embodiment organically constructs a fabric surface layer that promotes air circulation and enhances skin contact heat exchange by grouping and differentiating the warp and weft yarns: the warp yarns are divided into three groups: warp A, warp B, and warp C, and the weft yarns are divided into three groups: weft A, weft B, and weft C. Warp A and warp B, and weft A and weft B, are interwoven in a complementary left-right and top-bottom pattern, forming regular open pore units within the repeating units in the warp and weft directions. These pores act as macroscopic channels, reducing the fabric's air resistance and increasing convection and evaporative heat dissipation pathways. Their size and density can be adjusted by warp density, weft density, and the number of parallel plies to balance breathability and strength. The warp and weft yarns C are constructed using a reverse float length weave with alternating exposed / covered surfaces. The weft yarns C are thicker than the warp yarns C, and this contrast in yarn thickness creates periodic raised units. These raised units locally protrude the weft yarns C containing functional components (such as fibers blended with high thermal conductivity or phase change microcapsules) from the surface layer, enhancing the direct contact area with the skin and the instantaneous heat conduction path, thereby improving the cooling sensation. Simultaneously, the three sets of structures, each composed of multiple parallel yarns, maintain fabric stability while creating a localized micro-spring effect, allowing the raised areas to quickly recover after being compressed, maintaining the geometry of the raised points and pores to ensure continuous air circulation and heat exchange. This can be achieved by controlling the float length (number of exposed / covered grids), tension, parallel ply configuration, and finishing processes (such as steam setting) to adjust the pore size, raised point height, and distribution. This structural integration of material properties and weaving technology ultimately achieves the fabric's comprehensive cooling and breathability.

[0024] Preferably, the exposed and covered sections formed by the alternating exposed and covered sections of the warp yarns C and weft yarns C are arranged with an exposed length of 3 units and a covered length of 3 units, forming a surface protrusion unit array with a repeating cycle of 6 units. The above lengths are chosen because this regular periodic pattern forms a stable, uniform, and processably replicable three-dimensional microstructure on the fabric plane, allowing the distribution, size, and frequency of the protrusion units to be precisely controlled through the weaving program, achieving the desired functional effect while ensuring the consistency of the fabric appearance. The term "3 exposed sections / 3 covered sections" refers to a group of long floats continuously exposing three sections (exposed sections) on the fabric plane before being covered by three sections (covered sections) by cover yarns in the opposite direction, thus alternating to form a grid-like protrusion array with a cycle of six sections. This can be achieved by setting the float length and the number of covered sections through the continuous weft (warp beam) programming of the loom, controlling the float tension and weft insertion rhythm. Subsequently, the float shape is fixed through steam setting or heat setting processes, and softening finishing is applied if necessary to adjust the feel. In terms of technical effectiveness, the periodic raised array can form micro air cavities and contact points on the fabric surface: the raised tips provide a local direct heat conduction path when in contact with the skin (especially when the raised points contain thermally conductive or phase-change components), while the covered area between the raised points and the gaps between the floats form microcirculation channels, promoting sweat evaporation and air convection; the uniform six-grid cycle can also avoid local pressure concentration, maintain stable heat dissipation and hand feel during long-term wear, and take into account durability and mass production, which is the optimal balance between weaving controllability, functional realization and industrialization.

[0025] Preferably, the warp yarn is an elastic yarn of nylon with open-spun spandex. "Open-spun" here refers to an outer nylon yarn forming a covering layer, with small gaps in the middle or outer structure to wrap around or accommodate the spandex core yarn; "nylon with open-spun spandex" means the outer layer is a nylon fiber covering layer, and the core is a spandex elastomer. This is achieved by employing core-spun spinning technology (core-spun or co-spun), selecting appropriate outer nylon count (e.g., 70D / 68F, commonly used specifications) and spandex core yarn density (e.g., 40D) to obtain the required elasticity and resilience, and simultaneously ensuring uniform elasticity distribution under warp stress through twist and parallel ply design. As the main structural component responsible for load-bearing and shape control, the open-cell characteristics of the warp yarn play several roles in the fabric: First, they enhance the overall shape recovery of the fabric (which helps maintain the geometry of the raised units); second, the outer nylon layer provides abrasion-resistant and tensile-resistant mechanical support, reducing the risk of the raised points collapsing under repeated contact or friction; third, the microcavities in the open-cell layer can form gas buffers and heat conduction paths at the microscale, making heat conduction and dissipation paths more diverse when the weft yarns contain cooling components and the warp yarns together form the surface structure. By adjusting the warp tension, warping density, and post-forming temperature, the stability of the open-cell structure during weaving and finishing processes can be ensured, thus balancing the manufacturability and functionality of the fabric.

[0026] Preferably, the weft yarn is a core-spun elastic yarn made from a blend of cotton and cooling fibers. The combination of "the weft yarn being a blend of cotton and cooling fibers with core-spun spandex" is a preferred implementation because it combines the skin-friendly properties of natural fibers with the thermal advantages of cooling functional fibers, while the core-spun spandex provides the necessary elasticity in the weft direction. Here, "cooling fibers" broadly refers to fibers with high thermal conductivity, phase change heat absorption, or a cooling surface, such as fibers containing thermally conductive particles (e.g., metal / graphite), coated with phase change materials (PCM), or modified cellulose fibers. The implementation involves first blending cotton fibers and cooling fibers according to a designed mass ratio to form blended strands, and then using a core-spun or wrapping process to wrap the blended strands around the spandex core yarn, forming a core-spun elastic yarn in the weft direction. This structure allows the weft yarn C, within the raised units on the fabric surface, to possess both a soft, skin-friendly feel (provided by cotton) and instantaneous or continuous heat absorption / conduction capabilities (provided by cooling fibers). When this weft yarn is exposed as the raised element material on the surface layer, it directly enhances heat exchange between the skin and the functional yarn. Simultaneously, the core-spun spandex provides weft elastic recovery, ensuring that the raised elements quickly rebound to their geometric shape after pressure (e.g., during wear), thus maintaining long-term cooling effects and the stability of the breathable structure. By controlling the twist and count of the blended fibers, the linear density of the core-spun spandex, and the float and tension during weaving, the hardness, thermal conductivity, and rebound speed of the raised elements can be finely adjusted. This weft yarn combination satisfies both comfort and functionality, making it a preferred implementation scheme for functional fabrics for close-fitting clothing.

[0027] Preferably, the ratio of cotton to cooling fiber blend in the weft yarn is 1:(0.9–1.1). This range achieves a good balance between skin affinity, cooling effect, and spinning process stability. In this embodiment, "1:(0.9–1.1)" means that, by mass ratio, cotton:cooling fiber = 1:0.9 to 1:1.1, that is, the mass of cooling fiber is equivalent to 90% to 110% of cotton. This is achieved by first mixing the raw material fibers according to this ratio before blending with blending rollers or ring spinning, and then producing blended yarn or core-spun yarn through ring spinning or core-spun processes. At the lower limit of the ratio, the blended weft yarn is still mainly cotton, retaining good hand feel and moisture absorption, while introducing sufficient cooling fiber to improve surface heat conduction or phase change heat absorption; at the upper limit of the ratio, the proportion of cooling component is higher, which can significantly improve the instantaneous or cumulative heat extraction capacity, but too high a proportion may affect the yarn softness and spinning formability. Therefore, this range is a preferred range that is technically feasible and can achieve significant functional enhancement. In this embodiment, the ratio of cotton to cooling fibers is 1:1, achieving a performance balance between good hand feel and moisture absorption and instant cooling functionality.

[0028] Preferably, the thickness of the weft yarn C is 0.06-0.09 mm greater than that of the warp yarn C. This difference of 0.06-0.09 mm is preferred, based on considerations of bulge formation and fabric balance design. Here, "thickness" refers to yarn diameter or equivalent diameter. A difference of 0.06-0.09 mm, within the conventional textile range, ensures that the weft yarn C forms a noticeable volumetric bulge (protrusion) in the float weave without causing tension imbalance or warp-weft shrinkage difference during weaving. This can be achieved by using a weft yarn C with a higher count or ply count than the warp yarn C during yarn selection (e.g., using a thicker count or three parallel plies to increase the equivalent diameter), or by reducing the twist of the weft yarn C to increase hairiness and thickness, while appropriately reducing the weft tension during warping and weaving to facilitate float formation. In terms of technical effectiveness, using a thicker weft yarn C as the main material for the raised dots increases the height of the dots and provides a more substantial feel, allowing the dots to offer a more stable contact area and heat exchange pathway when in contact with the skin. Simultaneously, a thicker weft yarn can encapsulate more cooling components or phase change microcapsules during core-sleeving, thereby increasing the heat capacity or thermal conductivity per unit of raised dot. However, if the difference is too large, it may cause uneven tension within the fabric and problems in loom production. Therefore, limiting the difference to 0.06-0.09 is the preferred balance between functional improvement and process feasibility. In this embodiment, the thickness of the weft yarn C is approximately 0.17 mm, and the thickness of the warp yarn C is approximately 0.09 mm, with a difference of 0.06 mm.

[0029] Preferably, the size of a single pore in the open pore unit is 0.00045-0.00123 square micrometers, and the pore density is 3450-3500 pores per square centimeter. Setting the size of a single pore in the open pore unit to 0.00045-0.00123 square micrometers and the pore density to 3450-3500 pores per square centimeter is based on considerations of air permeability, mechanical strength, and a balance between transparency and warmth retention. Here, "open pore unit" refers to a regular small hole formed on the fabric plane by the complementary interweaving of warp yarns A / B and weft yarns A / B. This hole is neither large enough to destroy the integrity of the fabric nor too small enough to prevent convection. Implementation methods include controlling the pore size by adjusting the warp / weft density, the number of parallel strands (e.g., three strands per group), and the warp / weft tension, and manufacturing the complementary units on the loom at a specific interweaving rhythm; the finishing process (steam setting) can fine-tune the pore size stability. A pore size of 0.00045-0.00123 square micrometers is more conducive to macroscopic convection and air exchange, significantly improving sweat evaporation and air circulation during wear; a pore density of 3450-3500 pores / cm³ 2This ensures sufficient channels per unit area for gas exchange while maintaining adequate yarn cross-linking to preserve overall strength and hand feel. Pores that are too dense or too large will reduce the fabric's mechanical strength and affect its appearance, while those that are too small or too dense will result in insufficient breathability. Therefore, the ranges listed represent the preferred ranges that balance functionality and structural strength.

[0030] Preferably, the protrusion height of the highest point of the periodic raised unit relative to the fabric plane is 0.25-0.35 mm. Setting the protrusion height of the highest point of the periodic raised unit relative to the fabric plane at 0.25-0.35 mm is a trade-off between tactile feel, heat exchange, and durability. "Protrusion height" refers to the vertical distance from the main plane of the fabric (base yarn layer) to the top of the protrusion; the lower limit of 0.25 mm ensures that the protrusion is visually and tactilely perceptible and provides a path for localized heat conduction, while the upper limit of 0.35 mm prevents the protrusion from deforming prematurely or snagging under washing, friction, or compression, thus avoiding durability issues. This can be achieved by increasing the number of ply or yarn count of the weft yarn C, extending the float length (preferably 3 counts in this design), reducing float tension, and using light setting in finishing to maintain the float shape; simultaneously, the linear density and resilience of the core-spun spandex ensure that the protrusion quickly returns to its original position after compression. In terms of technical effectiveness, an appropriate protrusion height can create a smaller contact area when in contact with the skin, improving instantaneous heat conduction efficiency in short-term contact. At the same time, the microcavities formed between the protrusions facilitate sweat dispersion and air convection, enhancing the overall cooling experience. If it is too high, it can easily cause structural fragility or appearance problems; if it is too low, its function will be significantly reduced. Therefore, a range of 0.25-0.35mm can meet the functional requirements of cooling and breathability while also ensuring the reliability of manufacturing and use.

[0031] When wearing garments made from the woven fabric of this embodiment, prolonged contact with the body produces a cooling sensation. Simultaneously, the breathable structure with its small pores facilitates heat conduction and dissipation, while the six-dimensional elasticity enhances wearing comfort. Testing according to GB / T 35263-2017 shows that the fabric of this embodiment exhibits an instantaneous cooling sensation of 0.24 upon contact, significantly exceeding the required 0.15.

[0032] This utility model has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. This utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A woven fabric, characterized in that: It includes interwoven warp and weft yarns, wherein the thickness of the weft yarn is greater than that of the warp yarn, the warp yarn is divided into three groups: warp A, warp B, and warp C, and the weft yarn is divided into three groups: weft A, weft B, and weft C. The warp yarns A and B, as well as the weft yarns A and B, are interwoven in a complementary manner on the left and right and on the top and bottom, and the resulting interwoven structure forms regular open pore units in the repeating units in the warp and weft directions. The warp yarns C and weft yarns C are arranged in a positive and negative floating long yarn structure, forming periodic raised units on the fabric surface.

2. The woven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warp yarns C and weft yarns C form an alternating pattern of surface covering with a length of 3 units and a covering length of 3 units, forming a surface protrusion unit array with a repeating cycle of 6 units.

3. The woven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warp yarn is an elastic yarn made of nylon with a loosely wrapped spandex.

4. The woven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weft yarn is a core-spun elastic yarn made of cotton and cool-feeling fibers.

5. The woven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the weft yarn C is 0.06-0.09 mm greater than that of the warp yarn C.

6. The woven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The size of a single pore in the open pore unit is 0.00045-0.00123 square micrometers, and the pore density is 3450-3500 pores per square centimeter.

7. The woven fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: The highest point of the periodic protrusion unit protrudes 0.25-0.35 mm above the fabric plane.

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