Railway sand removing device based on sand guiding and sand blocking cooperation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a track sand removing device based on sand guiding and sand blocking synergic effect, including double -curved surface fairing, with the double -curved surface fairing connection's slide -down guide plate, be located the fixed column below the slide -down guide plate, through with the double -curved surface fairing fixed in the ballast one side, the result of combining mechanics finite element simulation and pneumatic performance analysis, developed a kind of can guarantee the premise of normal operation of railway under the condition of the high -efficient sand removing device of remarkable inhibition sand burying harm. The sand blower realizes multiple optimization in structure: its compact design fully considers the space constraint of sleeper area, and shows excellent sand guiding performance simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of track safety technology, specifically to a track sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking. Background Technology

[0002] To address the issue of wind and sand accumulation along railways in sandy areas, existing measures primarily focus on two levels: first, source stabilization, which reduces sand supply through vegetation restoration and the installation of sand barriers; and second, line-based sand control, involving the construction of various windbreak and sand-suppressing projects along the railway to weaken wind force and block sand particles. While these methods reduce sand deposition on the track surface to some extent, they cannot completely eliminate sand accumulation. Therefore, manual sand removal is still widely used along railways. Thus, developing devices with automatic sand removal and unblocking capabilities is of great significance. Utility Model Content

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: This utility model proposes a track sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking. It is set on the side of the raised steel rail and designed based on aerodynamic characteristics, which can effectively suppress sand deposition.

[0004] Technical Solution: This utility model proposes a track sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking, including ballast, a hyperboloid guide hood fixedly connected to the ballast, and a sliding guide plate connected to the hyperboloid guide hood; one end of the hyperboloid guide hood is connected to the bottom side of the ballast and extends obliquely upward from the connection point; the upper surface of the hyperboloid guide hood forms an angle with the side of the ballast; the upper surface of the hyperboloid guide hood is an outwardly convex curved surface, and the lower surface of the hyperboloid guide hood is an inwardly concave curved surface; the sliding guide plate is connected to the lower surface of the hyperboloid guide hood and the sliding guide plate is inclined downward and extends away from the ballast, and several downwardly extending fixed columns are provided below the sliding guide plate.

[0005] Preferably, the sliding guide plate and the hyperboloid flow guide are integrally formed.

[0006] Preferably, an arc-shaped protrusion is formed at the middle position of the sliding guide plate, and the fixing post is disposed below the protrusion.

[0007] Preferably, the connection between the sliding guide plate and the hyperboloid fairing forms an angle.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the fixing column is chamfered.

[0009] Preferably, the hyperboloidal fairing is fixed to the windward side of the ballast by bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the lower edge of the sliding guide plate is attached to the ballast slope area.

[0011] Beneficial effects: This utility model is installed in the side area of ​​the raised rail. Through the synergistic effect of the hyperboloid guide shroud and the sliding guide plate, it achieves the integrated function of sand blocking and sand guiding. The hyperboloid guide shroud not only plays a role in converging and guiding the incoming flow, but also enhances the airflow transport in the upwind rail gap area, thereby forming an enhanced air jet covering the entire gauge area and ensuring erosion conditions along the gauge.

[0012] This invention innovatively optimizes traditional mechanical sand-scraping devices by converting ambient wind energy into directional high-speed airflow, achieving efficient, non-powered removal of sand accumulated on railway sleepers. This hyperboloid railway sand blower not only significantly improves the efficiency of sand removal from sleeper gaps but also, compared to traditional sand-scraping methods, substantially reduces maintenance costs while effectively increasing the operational reliability of sections prone to sand damage. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a side view of the sand removal device of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the sand removal device of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is an isometric drawing of the sand removal device of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a top view of the sand removal device of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a wind speed map of the rail area without sand removal devices installed.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a wind speed map of the rail area where sand removal devices have been installed. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model proposes a track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking.

[0020] The system includes a hyperboloidal air guide hood 2 fixed to the windward side of the ballast 6. The hyperboloidal air guide hood 2 is connected to a sliding guide plate 3. Above the connection point between the hyperboloidal air guide hood 2 and the sliding guide plate 3, the hyperboloidal air guide hood 2 has an outwardly convex curved surface, while below this point, it has an inwardly concave curved surface. The outwardly convex curved surface allows the upper-layer high-speed airflow with a smaller sand load to pass smoothly, stabilizing the flow and maintaining speed. The inwardly concave curved surface precisely deflects the high-speed airflow from the upper layer to a direction parallel to the ground, forming a powerful "air jet" close to the sleeper, thus achieving the strongest shoveling effect on deposited sand particles. The hyperboloidal air guide hood 2 is fixed to the bottom of the ballast 6. From an aerodynamic perspective, the lower the bottom position of the device, the closer the formed air jet is to the surface that needs sand removal, resulting in a better sand removal effect. The hyperboloidal guide shroud 2 and the sliding guide plate 3 are integrally formed. Several fixing posts 4 are provided at the lower end of the sliding guide plate 3, which is fixed to the side of the ballast 6 via these posts. The sliding guide plate 3 is structurally designed according to the common slope ratio of track beds. The lower edge of the sliding guide plate 3 fits into the ballast shoulder slope area. The overall shape is laid out according to a 1:1.75 slope design standard. This design ensures that the sliding guide plate 3 can naturally fit the slope without disturbing the existing track bed structure, enhancing the overall stability of the device and preventing airflow disturbance from being affected by cross-sectional discontinuities. The sliding guide plate 3 also has protrusions. The fixing posts 4 are placed below these protrusions and are chamfered, which facilitates the combination of the chamfer 5 and the recessed area on the back, further strengthening the connection strength of the fixing posts 4, blocking wind and sand, and further promoting sand and gravel settling.

[0021] This embodiment of the track sand removal device features several structural optimizations: its compact design fully considers the spatial constraints of the sleeper area while exhibiting excellent sand-guiding performance. Specifically, the hyperboloidal guide shroud and the sliding guide plate are coupled, forming an aerodynamic continuum that effectively suppresses airflow swirl in the cutting section and achieves efficient sand transport and removal through directional airflow guidance. The device has a compact structure and can efficiently utilize wind energy to remove accumulated sand. Wind-driven: By converting wind power into directional airflow, the device can actively remove accumulated sand between sleepers, ensuring stable track operation. High adaptability: This device is suitable for different track structures and can be quickly installed and replaced, facilitating maintenance.

[0022] See Figures 5-6 The simulation was conducted using computational fluid dynamics software, with the wind speed set to 15 m / s to simulate the wind speed during extreme weather conditions (severe sandstorms) in desert regions. Based on the simulation results, it can be seen that without this device installed ( Figure 5 The airflow over the sleeper area is naturally divergent, with loose streamlines and obvious vortices. Wind speeds near the sleeper gaps decrease significantly (generally below 4 m / s), creating a low-speed zone and airflow shielding effect. This makes it easy for sand-carrying airflow to deposit here, resulting in severely insufficient sand-clearing power. After installing this device ( Figure 6The flow field morphology undergoes a fundamental transformation: through its hyperboloidal guide and narrow-slit acceleration structure, the device effectively converges and directs the originally dispersed airflow to the key area of ​​the sleeper, forming a dense, directional high-speed air jet with more turbulent wind speed traces, resulting in a more significant suppression effect on sand deposition. This achieves a shift from a "passive sand accumulation" to an "active sand transport" sand control mechanism, thereby significantly improving the system's automatic sand removal capability and reliability.

Claims

1. A track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking, characterized in that, It includes ballast (6), a hyperboloidal guide shroud (2) fixedly connected to the ballast (6), and a sliding guide plate (3) connected to the hyperboloidal guide shroud (2); one end of the hyperboloidal guide shroud (2) is connected to the bottom side of the ballast (6) and extends obliquely upward from the connection point; the upper surface of the hyperboloidal guide shroud (2) forms an angle with the side of the ballast (6); the upper surface of the hyperboloidal guide shroud (2) is an outwardly convex surface, and the lower surface of the hyperboloidal guide shroud (2) is an inwardly concave surface; the sliding guide plate (3) is connected to the lower surface of the hyperboloidal guide shroud (2) and the sliding guide plate (3) is inclined downward and extends away from the ballast (6); a number of downwardly extending fixed columns (4) are provided below the sliding guide plate (3).

2. The track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding guide plate (3) and the hyperboloid flow guide (2) are integrally formed.

3. The track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An arc-shaped protrusion is formed in the middle of the sliding guide plate (3), and the fixing post (4) is located below the protrusion.

4. The track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An angle is formed at the connection between the sliding guide plate (3) and the hyperboloid guide shield (2).

5. The track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the fixed column (4) is provided with a chamfer (5).

6. The track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hyperboloid shroud (2) is fixed to the windward side of the ballast (6) by bolts (1).

7. The track-based sand removal device based on the synergistic effect of sand guiding and sand blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edge of the sliding guide plate (3) is attached to the ballast slope area.

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