Coal gangue ditch filling land creation pollution prevention structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to solid waste pollution prevention and control technical field, concretely relates to a kind of coal gangue ditch filling land construction for preventing and controlling pollution, comprising: first coal gangue layer (1-1);Microorganism reaction layer (7) is set on first coal gangue layer (1-1);Second coal gangue layer (1-2) is set on microorganism reaction layer (7);Adsorption cushion layer (6) is set on second coal gangue layer (1-2);Third coal gangue layer (1-3) is set on adsorption cushion layer (6);Neutralization cushion layer (5) is set on third coal gangue layer (1-3);Fourth coal gangue layer (1-4) is set on neutralization cushion layer (5);Shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4) is set on fourth coal gangue layer (1-4) and fifth coal gangue layer (1-5) is set on shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solid waste pollution prevention and control technology, specifically to a structure for preventing pollution by filling ditches and creating land with coal gangue. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste produced as a byproduct of coal mining. Coal gangue stockpiles consist of a mixture of low-quality coal and shale, slate, clay, and other rock-like minerals. The main components of coal gangue are SiO2 and Al2O3, with their combined content reaching 50%–95%, along with substances such as Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, and Na2O, as well as trace amounts of rare metals. In addition, coal gangue contains a certain amount of heavy metals, generally in the form of sulfides. After the decomposition of these sulfide minerals, the heavy metals in the coal gangue are also oxidized and decomposed when exposed to the air. The stockpiling of coal gangue can lead to acidic leaching water and heavy metal pollution, posing a threat to the surrounding environment. Traditional coal gangue disposal sites typically involve direct stockpiling followed by compaction, with the slopes eventually covered with soil and greenery. This passive approach fails to effectively manage internal seepage water and pollutants, ultimately requiring collection ponds for further treatment. Furthermore, similar problems exist with some traditional mine spoil heaps and unregulated waste disposal sites.

[0003] Therefore, new technological approaches are needed to at least partially eliminate the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a structure and construction method suitable for pollution prevention and control in coal gangue filling and land reclamation. It overcomes the problem of passive and delayed treatment of coal gangue leaching water in traditional methods. The technical structure can actively control pollutants in seepage water within the coal gangue site, such as acidic water and heavy metal pollution, effectively controlling pollutant risks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation, characterized in that it comprises: a first coal gangue pile layer (1-1); a microbial reaction layer (7) disposed on the first coal gangue pile layer (1-1); a second coal gangue pile layer (1-2) disposed on the microbial reaction layer (7); an adsorption pad layer (6) disposed on the second coal gangue pile layer (1-2); a third coal gangue pile layer (1-3) disposed on the adsorption pad layer (6); a neutralization pad layer (5) disposed on the third coal gangue pile layer (1-3); a fourth coal gangue pile layer (1-4) disposed on the neutralization pad layer (5); a shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4) disposed on the fourth coal gangue pile layer (1-4); and a fifth coal gangue pile layer (1-5) disposed on the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4).

[0007] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the structure for preventing pollution by filling ditches with coal gangue to create land also includes a retaining dam (2) set outside the first coal gangue pile (1-1).

[0008] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the microbial reaction layer (7) includes two microbial reaction tensile mesh layers (71), two microbial reaction geotextile layers (72), a fiber material layer (73), and a microbial channel tube (74). The two microbial reaction geotextile layers (72) are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the fiber material layer (73), and the two microbial reaction tensile mesh layers (71) are respectively disposed on one side of the two microbial reaction geotextile layers (72), serving as the outermost layer of the microbial reaction layer (7); the microbial channel tube (74) is disposed in the fiber material layer (73).

[0009] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption pad layer (6) includes two adsorption tensile mesh layers (61), two adsorption geotextile layers (62), and an adsorption material layer (63). The two adsorption geotextile layers (62) are respectively disposed on both sides of the adsorption material layer (63), and the two adsorption tensile mesh layers (61) are respectively disposed on one side of the two adsorption geotextile layers (62), serving as the outermost layer of the adsorption pad layer (6).

[0010] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the neutralizing pad (5) includes two neutralizing tensile mesh layers (51), two neutralizing geotextile layers (52), and a neutralizing material layer (53). The two neutralizing geotextile layers (52) are respectively disposed on both sides of the neutralizing material layer (53), and the two neutralizing tensile mesh layers (51) are respectively disposed on one side of the two neutralizing geotextile layers (52), serving as the outermost layer of the neutralizing pad (5).

[0011] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4) includes two isolation and drainage tensile mesh layers (41), two isolation and drainage geotextile layers (42), a geomembrane layer (43), and a drainage pipe (44). The two isolation and drainage geotextile layers (42) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the geomembrane layer (43), and the two isolation and drainage tensile mesh layers (41) are respectively arranged on one side of the two isolation and drainage geotextile layers (42), serving as the outermost layer of the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4); the drainage pipe (44) is arranged in the isolation and drainage geotextile layer (42).

[0012] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the tensile mesh layer has a bidirectional tensile mesh structure with a tensile strength of not less than 25KN / m and a mesh spacing of 20-40mm; the geotextile layer has a mass of not less than 200g / m2.

[0013] According to the implementation scheme of this utility model, the thickness of the fiber material layer (73) is not less than 0.3m, the thickness of the adsorbent material layer (63) is not less than 0.3m, and the thickness of the neutralizing material layer (53) is not less than 0.3m.

[0014] According to the implementation scheme of this utility model, the geomembrane layer (43) has a hydrostatic pressure resistance of not less than 0.1 MPa.

[0015] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the thickness of the coal gangue pile is approximately 20-40m.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Overcoming the problem of passive and delayed treatment of coal gangue leaching water in traditional coal gangue plants, the technology can internally control the generation of pollutants;

[0018] 2. This technology can actively control the amount of pollutants seeping out of the coal gangue dump and effectively control the discharge of pollutants.

[0019] 3. A shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer is arranged in the coal gangue yard to divert rainwater, especially during the rainy season and heavy rainfall, to prevent it from seeping into the soil and causing a greater amount of treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer of the structure for preventing pollution by filling ditches and creating land with coal gangue according to the embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the neutralization cushion layer in the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to the embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the adsorption cushion layer in the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to an embodiment of this utility model; and

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the microbial reaction layer structure for pollution prevention and control in coal gangue ditch filling and land reclamation according to the embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram, 1-1, First coal gangue pile; 1-2, Second coal gangue pile; 1-3, Third coal gangue pile; 1-4, Fourth coal gangue pile; 1-5, Fifth coal gangue pile; 2, Retaining dam; 3, Original topographic line; 4, Shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer; 5, Neutralization cushion layer; 6, Adsorption cushion layer; 7, Microbial reaction layer; 41, Isolation and tensile strength mesh layer; 42, Isolation and geotextile layer; 43, Geomembrane layer; 44, Drainage pipe; 51, Neutralization and tensile strength mesh layer; 52, Neutralization geotextile layer; 53, Neutralization material layer; 61, Adsorption and tensile strength mesh layer; 62, Adsorption geotextile layer; 63, Adsorption material layer; 71, Microbial reaction tensile strength mesh layer; 72, Microbial reaction geotextile layer; 73, Fiber material layer; 74, Microbial channel pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The content shown is intended to fully illustrate the content of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to the embodiment may include: a first coal gangue pile 1-1; a microbial reaction layer 7 disposed on the first coal gangue pile 1-1; a second coal gangue pile 1-2 disposed on the microbial reaction layer 7; an adsorption pad layer 6 disposed on the second coal gangue pile 1-2; a third coal gangue pile 1-3 disposed on the adsorption pad layer 6; a neutralization pad layer 5 disposed on the third coal gangue pile 1-3; a fourth coal gangue pile 1-4 disposed on the neutralization pad layer 5; a shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer 4 disposed on the fourth coal gangue pile 1-4; a fifth coal gangue pile 1-5 disposed on the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer 4; and a retaining dam 2 disposed outside the first coal gangue pile 1-1.

[0028] In addition, the structure for filling ditches and creating land to prevent pollution can be used to fill gullies, so one side can rely on the terrain, as shown in the original topographic line 3; the other side can be treated with slope closure, not shown.

[0029] The structure of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer of the structure for preventing pollution by filling ditches and creating land with coal gangue according to the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the neutralization cushion layer in the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the adsorption pad layer in the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the microbial reaction layer structure for pollution prevention and control in coal gangue ditch filling and land reclamation according to the embodiment of this utility model.

[0030] As shown in the figure, the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer 4 may include two isolation and drainage tensile mesh layers 41, two isolation and drainage geotextile layers 42, a geomembrane layer 43, and a drainage pipe 44. The two isolation and drainage geotextile layers 42 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the geomembrane layer 43, and the two isolation and drainage tensile mesh layers 41 are respectively arranged on one side of the two isolation and drainage geotextile layers 42, serving as the outermost layer of the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer 4; the drainage pipe 44 is arranged in the isolation and drainage geotextile layers 42. The shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer can be located 10m to 20m below the ground. The isolation and drainage tensile mesh layer 41 has a bidirectional tensile mesh structure with a tensile strength of not less than 25KN / m and a mesh spacing of 20-40mm; the isolation and drainage geotextile layer 42 has a mass of not less than 200g / m³. 2 The waterproof geomembrane layer should withstand a hydrostatic pressure of not less than 0.1 MPa, and the drainage pipes, such as corrugated hoses, should have a diameter of not less than 50 mm and a horizontal spacing of not more than 5 m.

[0031] The neutralizing cushion layer 5 may include two neutralizing tensile mesh layers 51, two neutralizing geotextile layers 52, and a neutralizing material layer 53. The two neutralizing geotextile layers 52 are respectively disposed on both sides of the neutralizing material layer 53, and the two neutralizing tensile mesh layers 51 are respectively disposed on one side of the two neutralizing geotextile layers 52, serving as the outermost layer of the neutralizing cushion layer 5. The material layer may be, for example, a layer of quicklime, with a thickness of not less than 0.3 m. The tensile strength of the neutralizing tensile mesh layer is not less than 25 KN / m, and the mesh spacing is 20–40 mm; the mass of the neutralizing geotextile layer is not less than 200 g / m³. 2 .

[0032] The adsorption pad 6 may include two adsorption tensile mesh layers 61, two adsorption geotextile layers 62, and an adsorption material layer 63. The two adsorption geotextile layers 62 are respectively disposed on both sides of the adsorption material layer 63, and the two adsorption tensile mesh layers 61 are respectively disposed on one side of the two adsorption geotextile layers 62, serving as the outermost layer of the adsorption pad 6. The adsorption material layer 63 may be, for example, a steel slag layer, with a thickness of not less than 0.3 m. The tensile strength of the neutralizing tensile mesh layer is not less than 25 KN / m, with a mesh spacing of 20–40 mm; the mass of the adsorption geotextile layer is not less than 200 g / m³. 2 .

[0033] The microbial reaction layer 7 may include two microbial reaction tensile mesh layers 71, two microbial reaction geotextile layers 72, a fiber material layer 73, and microbial channel pipes 74. The two microbial reaction geotextile layers 72 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the fiber material layer 73, and the two microbial reaction tensile mesh layers 71 are respectively disposed on one side of the two microbial reaction geotextile layers 72, serving as the outermost layer of the microbial reaction layer 7. The microbial channel pipes 74 are disposed within the fiber material layer 73. The fiber material layer can be, for example, straw or stalks, with a thickness of not less than 0.3 m. The corrugated flexible hose used for the microbial channel pipes has a diameter of not less than 50 mm, a horizontal spacing of not more than 5 m, and an upper water outlet hole with a diameter of 5–10 mm at the lower part of the hose. The tensile strength of the microbial reaction tensile mesh layer is not less than 25 KN / m, with a mesh spacing of 20–40 mm; the mass of the microbial reaction geotextile layer is not less than 200 g / m³. 2 .

[0034] The construction process of the structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling ditch creation is further described below.

[0035] As shown in the figure, this utility model can complete the construction of relevant structural layers during the disposal of coal gangue.

[0036] The first step involves laying a 20-30m layer of coal gangue at the bottom, followed by the installation of a microbial reaction layer 7. This involves compacting the discarded coal gangue, leveling it to a 2% inward slope, and then laying a layer of tensile mesh with a tensile strength of not less than 25KN / m and a mesh spacing of 20-40mm. Next, a layer of geotextile with a mass of not less than 200g / m² and an overlap width of not less than 200mm is laid, following the slope direction from top to bottom. Then, a layer of straw or stalks is laid as a fibrous material layer 73, 0.3m thick. Microbial channel hoses are then installed, which can be bent and connected to adjacent hoses. The horizontal spacing between adjacent hoses should not exceed 5m. Water outlets with a diameter of 5-10mm are installed in the lower part of the hoses. After compaction, the geotextile and tensile mesh layers are laid. It should be understood that a retaining dam 2 can be constructed before laying the coal gangue at the bottom.

[0037] The second step involves stacking the coal gangue 20-40m further up the slope, then laying an adsorption layer 6. First, the discarded coal gangue is compacted and leveled to a 2% inward slope. Then, a layer of tensile mesh is laid, followed by a layer of geotextile with an overlap of at least 200mm, laid and overlapped from top to bottom along the slope. Next, a layer of steel slag is laid and compacted as the adsorption material layer, with a thickness of 0.3m. After compaction, the geotextile and tensile mesh layers are laid.

[0038] The third step involves stacking the coal gangue 20-40m further up the slope, then laying a neutralization layer 5. First, the discarded coal gangue is compacted and leveled to a 2% inward slope. Then, a layer of tensile mesh is laid, followed by a layer of geotextile, with an overlap of at least 200mm, laid and overlapped from top to bottom along the slope direction. Next, a layer of quicklime is laid and compacted as the neutralization material layer, with a thickness of 0.3m. After compaction, the geotextile and tensile mesh layers are laid.

[0039] The fourth step involves stacking the coal gangue 20-40m further up, then laying a shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer 4. First, the discarded coal gangue is compacted and leveled to a 2% outward slope. Then, a layer of tensile mesh is laid, followed by a layer of geotextile, and then a geomembrane, with an overlap width of at least 200mm, laid and overlapped from top to bottom along the slope direction. Next, corrugated flexible drainage hoses with a diameter of at least 50mm are laid, with a horizontal spacing of no more than 5m. Afterward, the geotextile and tensile mesh layers are laid.

[0040] The fifth step involves piling the coal gangue 20-40m uphill and sealing the slope. There are no particular restrictions on sealing the slope; well-known techniques in the field can be used.

[0041] The embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling ditch creation, characterized in that: include: First coal gangue stockpile (1-1); Microbial reaction layer (7) is set above the first coal gangue pile layer (1-1); A second coal gangue pile layer (1-2) is set above the microbial reaction layer (7); An adsorption pad (6) is placed on top of the second coal gangue pile (1-2); a third coal gangue pile (1-3) is placed on top of the adsorption pad (6); a neutralization pad (5) is placed on top of the third coal gangue pile (1-3); a fourth coal gangue pile (1-4) is placed on top of the neutralization pad (5); a shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4) is placed on top of the fourth coal gangue pile (1-4); and a fifth coal gangue pile (1-5) is placed on top of the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4).

2. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a retaining dam (2) set outside the first coal gangue pile (1-1).

3. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial reaction layer (7) includes two microbial reaction tensile mesh layers (71), two microbial reaction geotextile layers (72), a fiber material layer (73), and a microbial channel tube (74). The two microbial reaction geotextile layers (72) are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the fiber material layer (73), and the two microbial reaction tensile mesh layers (71) are respectively disposed on one side of the two microbial reaction geotextile layers (72), serving as the outermost layer of the microbial reaction layer (7). The microbial channel tube (74) is disposed in the fiber material layer (73).

4. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption pad (6) includes two adsorption tensile mesh layers (61), two adsorption geotextile layers (62), and an adsorption material layer (63). The two adsorption geotextile layers (62) are respectively disposed on both sides of the adsorption material layer (63), and the two adsorption tensile mesh layers (61) are respectively disposed on one side of the two adsorption geotextile layers (62), serving as the outermost layer of the adsorption pad (6).

5. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The neutralization cushion layer (5) includes two neutralization tensile mesh layers (51), two neutralization geotextile layers (52), and a neutralization material layer (53). The two neutralization geotextile layers (52) are respectively disposed on both sides of the neutralization material layer (53), and the two neutralization tensile mesh layers (51) are respectively disposed on one side of the two neutralization geotextile layers (52), serving as the outermost layer of the neutralization cushion layer (5).

6. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4) includes two isolation and drainage tensile mesh layers (41), two isolation and drainage geotextile layers (42), a geomembrane layer (43), and a drainage pipe (44). The two isolation and drainage geotextile layers (42) are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the geomembrane (43), and the two isolation and drainage tensile mesh layers (41) are respectively set on one side of the two isolation and drainage geotextile layers (42), serving as the outermost layer of the shallow rainwater isolation and drainage layer (4). The drainage pipe (44) is set in the isolation and drainage geotextile layer (42).

7. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The tensile mesh layer has a bidirectional tensile mesh structure with a tensile strength of not less than 25 KN / m and a mesh spacing of 20–40 mm; the geotextile layer has a mass of not less than 200 g / m. 2 .

8. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation according to claim 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the fiber material layer (73) is not less than 0.3m, the thickness of the adsorbent material layer (63) is not less than 0.3m, and the thickness of the neutralizing material layer (53) is not less than 0.3m.

9. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The geomembrane layer (43) has a hydrostatic pressure resistance of not less than 0.1 MPa.

10. The structure for pollution prevention and control through coal gangue filling and land reclamation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the coal gangue pile is approximately 20-40m.

Images