Waterproof sealing structure of anti-floating anchor rod

Abstract

The application relates to the field of building waterproofing, in particular to an anti-floating anchor rod waterproof sealing structure, which comprises an anti-floating anchor rod waterproof sealing structure applied to building underground engineering, has a rammed earth layer, a concrete cushion layer and a waterproof roll, further comprises a sleeve ring, sealing glue and a water-swelling waterstop, the sleeve ring is bonded and sealed with the waterproof roll through the sealing glue to form a containing groove, an anti-floating anchor rod steel bar penetrates through the containing groove, the water-swelling waterstop is filled in the containing groove and the gathering gap of the anti-floating anchor rod steel bar, and water-swelling is achieved to realize water sealing. The application achieves the technical effect that waterproof sealing at the anti-floating anchor rod is effectively realized through reasonable structural design and material selection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building waterproofing, and in particular to a waterproof sealing structure for anti-buoyancy anchor rods. Background Technology

[0002] Waterproofing and sealing technology for the detailed construction of underground engineering structures plays a crucial role in the construction industry. With the continuous development of the construction industry, the scale and complexity of underground projects are increasing, leading to higher requirements for waterproofing and sealing. A good waterproofing and sealing structure can effectively prevent groundwater leakage, protect the structural safety of underground engineering projects, extend the service life of buildings, and reduce maintenance costs and safety hazards caused by leakage problems. It is of great significance for ensuring the normal use of underground engineering projects and the overall stability of buildings.

[0003] In underground building engineering, various methods have traditionally been used to address the waterproofing and sealing issues of anti-buoyancy anchors. One common approach is to refer to pile head waterproofing and sealing methods, applying a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing coating outwards from the anchor within a certain range. Another approach emphasizes the laying of the waterproofing membrane on the foundation slab, with the membrane's termination located at the base of the anti-buoyancy anchor. Additionally, some methods involve using conventional sealing materials around the anti-buoyancy anchor for simple sealing.

[0004] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings. Currently, there are no guiding atlases for waterproofing and sealing anti-buoyancy anchors in underground building engineering; most methods simply refer to the waterproofing and sealing practices for pile heads. Cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing coatings are rigid and have low elongation, making them prone to cracking and leakage during rebar tying due to contact with the anti-buoyancy anchors. Furthermore, the central area of ​​a group of anti-buoyancy anchors, where multiple rebars are clustered together, is a weak point for waterproofing and sealing. Previous methods referencing pile head waterproofing and sealing cannot meet the waterproofing and sealing requirements of anti-buoyancy anchors. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a waterproof sealing structure for anti-buoyancy anchors.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: a waterproof sealing structure for anti-buoyancy anchor rods, comprising a rammed earth layer, a concrete pad layer poured on the rammed earth layer, and a waterproof membrane laid on the concrete pad layer, and further comprising a collar, a sealant, and a water-swellable sealing element; the collar is bonded and sealed to the waterproof membrane by the sealant, and the collar and the waterproof membrane together form a receiving groove; the anti-buoyancy anchor rod reinforcement passes through the receiving groove, and the water-swellable sealing element fills the receiving groove and the aggregation gap of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod reinforcement, and the water-swellable sealing element can achieve water sealing by expanding upon contact with water.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the defects of the existing waterproof sealing method for anti-buoyancy anchor rods, which references the waterproof structure of the pile head, can be specifically solved. The reliable bonding and sealing of the collar and waterproof membrane is achieved through sealant, avoiding the problem of traditional cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coatings cracking easily when the reinforcing bars are tied due to their rigidity and low elongation. Simultaneously, the receiving groove formed by the collar and waterproof membrane provides a stable filling space for the water-swellable waterstop. This waterstop not only fully fills the receiving groove and the gaps between the anti-buoyancy anchor rod reinforcing bars, but also forms a physical water barrier when groundwater rises due to its water-swellable properties. This effectively fills gaps that may be caused by deformation due to buoyancy impact, completely solving the leakage problem at weak points in the waterproofing of multiple reinforcing bars. This ensures that the underground structure of the building is protected from groundwater erosion, extends the overall service life of the building, reduces maintenance costs and property losses caused by leakage, and ensures the long-term stable use of underground engineering projects.

[0008] Optionally, the collar includes a bottom connecting portion and an annular sidewall; the lower surface of the bottom connecting portion contacts the sealant, and the sealant is used to bond it to the waterproof membrane; the annular sidewall extends upward along the edge of the bottom connecting portion, and the inner sidewall of the annular sidewall and the upper surface of the waterproof membrane together form the receiving groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the collar is refined into a combination structure of a bottom connecting part and an annular sidewall. The bottom connecting part can provide a flat and sufficient contact area for the sealant, ensuring that the collar and the waterproof membrane are bonded more tightly and firmly with the sealant, reducing sealing gaps caused by irregular joint surfaces, and improving the waterproof reliability of the base connection. At the same time, the design of the annular sidewall extending upward along the edge of the bottom connecting part can make the enclosed receiving groove have a clear and regular boundary, avoiding overflow or incomplete filling when the water-swellable waterstop is filled, ensuring that the waterstop can be stably filled in the receiving groove and the gap of the anti-buoyancy anchor bar, further strengthening the sealing coverage effect on the weak points of the bar concentration. Moreover, this structured collar design is also more convenient for precise positioning and installation during construction, reducing the impact of assembly errors on the waterproof sealing effect, thereby more stably preventing the risk of groundwater leakage.

[0010] Optionally, the collar is made of an elastic material, and the bottom connecting part and the annular sidewall are integrally formed.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the collar made of elastic material can better adapt to the buoyancy impact caused by groundwater rise in underground engineering, as well as the stress caused by slight deformation of concrete structures. It can elastically adapt to slight structural displacements, avoiding the problem of traditional rigid components cracking under stress and compromising the sealing effect. At the same time, it can also provide a certain buffer when the anti-buoyancy anchor bar is installed or when it comes into contact with the material during subsequent construction, reducing damage to the collar and surrounding sealing structure. The integrated design of the bottom connection and the annular sidewall can completely eliminate the gaps that may exist at the splice of the split collar, eliminating the risk of leakage at the splice seam from the structural root. Moreover, the integrated collar has stronger overall structural stability and higher dimensional accuracy. During construction, there is no need for component assembly, and it can be directly and quickly positioned and installed. This simplifies the construction process, improves construction efficiency, and ensures the sealing performance of the collar with the sealant and waterproof membrane, further improving the reliability and service life of the entire waterproof sealing structure.

[0012] Optionally, the height of the annular sidewall is 30mm to 50mm.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom connection ensures that the sealant has sufficient bonding area to achieve a stable seal between the collar and the waterproof membrane, while avoiding material waste or excessive occupation of underground construction space due to excessive diameter. It is also compatible with the conventional arrangement spacing of anti-buoyancy anchors in most underground building projects. The 30mm~50mm height setting of the annular sidewall ensures that the receiving groove has sufficient volume to fully fill the water-swellable waterstop, ensuring that the waterstop can completely wrap the anti-buoyancy anchor reinforcement and fill the gap. At the same time, it avoids the problem of insufficient concrete pouring due to excessive height, or insufficient filling of the waterstop due to insufficient height, which affects the water-stopping effect. This size range takes into account the sealing reliability, construction convenience and material economy, and can meet the waterproof sealing requirements of anti-buoyancy anchors in most underground projects, improving the versatility and practicality of the structure.

[0014] Optionally, the sealant includes polyurethane sealant, which can achieve bonding and sealing between the collar and the waterproof membrane.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the polyurethane sealant contained in the sealant, with its high bonding strength, can tightly adhere to the contact surface between the bottom connection of the collar and the waterproof membrane, forming a seamless and stable bonding effect. This effectively avoids the risk of leakage caused by gaps due to loosening of the connection. At the same time, the polyurethane sealant has good flexibility and weather resistance, and can adapt to the stress caused by temperature fluctuations, slight deformation of concrete, or groundwater pressure in underground engineering. Unlike traditional rigid sealing materials, it is not prone to cracking or falling off, and can continuously maintain the stability of the sealing connection between the collar and the waterproof membrane. In addition, the polyurethane sealant itself has waterproof properties. While achieving the bonding function, it can also form an additional waterproof barrier, further enhancing the waterproof capability of the connection between the collar and the waterproof membrane. Moreover, it is easy to apply evenly during construction, and can fully cover the contact surface of the bottom connection, ensuring the consistency of the bonding and sealing. Ultimately, it lays a reliable foundation connection for the entire anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof sealing structure, more effectively resisting groundwater leakage and ensuring the long-term stability of the underground engineering structure.

[0016] Optionally, the water-swellable sealing component includes a water-swellable sealing adhesive, and can achieve water-stopping and sealing by swelling upon contact with water.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the water-swellable sealant used in the water-swellable sealant not only avoids the defects of traditional rigid waterproofing materials (such as cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing coatings) that are prone to cracking due to contact with reinforcing bars due to their flexible paste-like properties, but also, due to its own fluidity, can fully fill the interior of the containment groove and the tiny gaps formed by the aggregation of multiple reinforcing bars of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod—especially the weak sealing points that are difficult to cover by traditional waterproofing methods—ensuring a comprehensive and tight fit between the sealant and the reinforcing bars and the inner wall of the collar. At the same time, after the sealant cures, it can firmly hold the anti-buoyancy anchor rod reinforcing bars, building a stable initial sealing defense line. It blocks the channel for groundwater to seep through the gap between the steel bars and the retaining ring at the source; more importantly, when the groundwater rises and causes buoyancy, resulting in slight deformation of the concrete bottom structure and potential openings in the joints between the anti-buoyancy anchor rod and the waterproof layer, the water-swellable sealant will actively expand in volume upon contact with water, precisely filling the gaps caused by deformation, forming a dynamic and self-adaptive physical water barrier. This completely solves the leakage risk caused by structural deformation at the root of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod, ultimately reducing property losses and subsequent maintenance costs caused by leakage in underground engineering, and effectively ensuring the long-term stability and design service life of the building's underground structure.

[0018] In summary, this application has at least the following beneficial effect: 1. This method specifically addresses the shortcomings of existing waterproof sealing methods for anti-buoyancy anchors, particularly those referencing the waterproof structure of pile heads. It utilizes sealant to achieve reliable bonding and sealing between the collar and the waterproof membrane, avoiding the cracking issues common with traditional cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coatings due to their rigidity and low elongation when reinforcing bars are tied together. Simultaneously, the receiving groove formed by the collar and the waterproof membrane provides a stable filling space for the water-swellable sealing element. This sealing element not only fully fills the receiving groove and the gaps between the anti-buoyancy anchor bars but also forms a physical water barrier when groundwater rises due to its water-swellable properties. This effectively fills gaps that may be caused by deformation due to buoyancy impact, completely resolving leakage problems at weak points in the waterproofing of multiple reinforcing bars. This protects the underground structure from groundwater erosion, extends the overall service life of the building, reduces maintenance costs and property losses due to leakage, and ensures the long-term stable use of underground engineering projects.

[0019] 2. The elastic collar is better able to adapt to the buoyancy impact caused by groundwater rise in underground engineering, as well as the stress caused by slight deformation of the concrete structure. It can elastically adapt to the slight displacement of the structure, avoiding the problem of traditional rigid components cracking under stress and compromising the sealing effect. At the same time, it can also provide a certain buffer when the anti-buoyancy anchor bar is installed or when it comes into contact with the material during subsequent construction, reducing damage to the collar and the surrounding sealing structure. The integrated design of the bottom connection and the annular sidewall can completely eliminate the gaps that may exist at the splice of the split collar, eliminating the risk of leakage at the splice seam from the structural root. Moreover, the integrated collar has stronger overall structural stability and higher dimensional accuracy. No component assembly is required during construction, and it can be directly and quickly positioned and installed. This simplifies the construction process, improves construction efficiency, and ensures the sealing performance of the collar with the sealant and waterproof membrane, further improving the reliability and service life of the entire waterproof sealing structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a waterproof sealing structure for an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collar structure.

[0021] Figure Labels 1. Rammed earth layer; 2. Concrete cushion layer; 3. Waterproof membrane; 4. Ring; 41. Bottom connection; 42. Annular sidewall; 5. Sealant; 6. Water-swellable waterstop; 7. Receiving groove; 8. Anti-buoyancy anchor reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 1-2The waterproof sealing structure for anti-buoyancy anchors provided in this application includes a rammed earth layer 1, a concrete cushion layer 2, a waterproof membrane 3, a collar 4, a sealant 5, and a water-swellable sealing element 6. The concrete cushion layer 2 is poured on the rammed earth layer 1, the waterproof membrane 3 is laid on the concrete cushion layer 2, and the collar 4 is bonded and sealed to the waterproof membrane 3 by the sealant 5. The collar 4 and the waterproof membrane 3 together form a receiving groove 7, through which the anti-buoyancy anchor reinforcement 8 passes. The water-swellable sealing element 6 fills the receiving groove 7 and the gaps where the anti-buoyancy anchor reinforcement 8 is concentrated. The water-swellable sealing element 6 achieves water sealing through water expansion, effectively preventing groundwater leakage and protecting the safety of underground engineering structures. This is because the structure utilizes the bonding and sealing effect of the collar 4 and the sealant 5, as well as the water-swellable sealing element 6, to form multiple waterproof barriers, capable of meeting the waterproofing requirements of anti-buoyancy anchors in complex environments.

[0024] Specifically, the collar 4 includes a bottom connecting portion 41 and an annular sidewall 42. The bottom connecting portion 41 is characterized by its relatively flat lower surface, allowing for better contact with the sealant 5. The collar 4 can be made of an elastic material, such as rubber, which has good flexibility and sealing performance. Alternatively, silicone can be used, which has advantages such as resistance to high and low temperatures and good chemical stability. The bottom connecting portion 41 is annular, with a diameter of 120mm to 200mm, a size range suitable for different specifications. The annular sidewall 42 extends upwards along the inner edge of the bottom connecting portion 41. The inner sidewall of the annular sidewall 42 is smooth, allowing for better enclosure with the upper surface of the waterproof membrane 3 to form a receiving groove 7. The height of the annular sidewall 42 is 30mm to 50mm, ensuring sufficient space for the water-swellable sealing element 6. The annular sidewall 42 can also be made of the same elastic material as the bottom connecting part 41, and the bottom connecting part 41 and the annular sidewall 42 are integrally molded, which can enhance the overall sealing and stability of the collar 4. The integral molding process can be injection molding, which can make the various parts of the collar 4 tightly connected and reduce the possibility of leakage.

[0025] The sealant 5 includes polyurethane sealant, which has high adhesion properties and can firmly bond the collar 4 to the waterproof membrane 3. Its structural features include good flowability and tack, allowing it to be evenly distributed between the bottom connection portion 41 of the collar 4 and the waterproof membrane 3 during application. An alternative sealing material can be silicone sealant, which has advantages such as good weather resistance and strong aging resistance. In use, the polyurethane sealant is evenly applied to the lower surface of the bottom connection portion 41, and then the collar 4 is accurately placed on the waterproof membrane 3, applying a certain amount of pressure to ensure full adhesion between the two.

[0026] The water-swellable sealing component 6 includes a water-swellable sealing adhesive, which is a flexible paste and exhibits a certain degree of fluidity under high temperatures. This allows it to effectively fill the receiving groove 7 and the gaps between the anti-buoyancy anchor bars 8. Its structural feature is that it expands rapidly upon contact with water, increasing in volume to achieve a water-stopping seal. An alternative water-swellable sealing material can be a water-swellable rubber strip, which offers advantages such as easy installation and stable expansion performance. When filling with the water-swellable sealing adhesive, it is essential to ensure that it completely fills the receiving groove 7 and the gaps between the anchor bars to guarantee a proper seal.

[0027] The bottom connecting part 41 of the collar 4 and the annular sidewall 42 combine to form a structure with a specific space, which is the receiving groove 7. This space provides a filling space for the water-swellable sealing element 6. The sealant 5 bonds the collar 4 and the waterproof membrane 3 together, ensuring the seal between the collar 4 and the waterproof membrane 3 and preventing water leakage from the joint. The water-swellable sealing element 6 fills the gap between the receiving groove 7 and the reinforcing steel. When it comes into contact with water, it expands, further enhancing the waterproof sealing effect. The three components work together to form a complete waterproof sealing system.

[0028] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This anti-buoyancy anchor waterproof sealing structure solves the problem of insufficient waterproof sealing of anti-buoyancy anchors in the prior art through reasonable structural design and material selection. The collar 4 and the waterproof membrane 3 are tightly bonded together with sealant 5, forming a preliminary waterproof barrier. The water-swellable waterstop 6 is filled in key areas, expanding when it encounters groundwater to fill gaps and prevent water penetration. This structure can effectively cope with the impact of the buoyancy force generated by the rise of the groundwater level on the bottom structure of the concrete, preventing the joint between the waterproof layer and the anti-buoyancy anchor from opening or being pulled apart, thereby preventing basement leakage. Compared with the prior art, it improves the reliability of waterproof sealing, reduces the maintenance cost of building projects, extends the service life of building structures, and provides a more effective solution for waterproofing and sealing of underground building projects.

[0029] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A waterproof sealing structure for anti-buoyancy anchor rods, applied to underground building engineering, comprising a rammed earth layer (1), a concrete cushion layer (2) poured on the rammed earth layer (1), and a waterproof membrane (3) laid on the concrete cushion layer (2), characterized in that, It also includes a collar (4), sealant (5) and a water-swellable sealing element (6); the collar (4) is bonded and sealed to the waterproof membrane (3) by the sealant (5), and the collar (4) and the waterproof membrane (3) together form a receiving groove (7); the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (8) passes through the receiving groove (7), and the water-swellable sealing element (6) fills the receiving groove (7) and the gathering gap of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod (8), and the water-swellable sealing element (6) can achieve water-stop sealing by expanding upon contact with water.

2. The waterproof sealing structure for an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collar (4) includes a bottom connecting part (41) and an annular sidewall (42); the lower surface of the bottom connecting part (41) is in contact with the sealant (5), and the sealant (5) is used to bond with the waterproof membrane (3); the annular sidewall (42) extends upward along the edge of the bottom connecting part (41), and the inner sidewall of the annular sidewall (42) and the upper surface of the waterproof membrane (3) enclose the receiving groove (7).

3. The waterproof sealing structure for an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collar (4) is made of elastic material, and the bottom connecting part (41) and the annular sidewall (42) are integrally formed.

4. The waterproof sealing structure for an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the annular sidewall (42) is 30mm~50mm.

5. The waterproof sealing structure for an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealant (5) includes polyurethane sealant and can achieve bonding and sealing between the collar (4) and the waterproof membrane (3).

6. The waterproof sealing structure for an anti-buoyancy anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-swellable sealing component (6) includes water-swellable sealing adhesive and can achieve water-stopping and sealing by swelling upon contact with water.

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