A high pressure hydraulic breaking hammer structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high pressure hydraulic breaking hammer structure, a plurality of oil seal rings are equipped between the one end of middle cylinder body close to front cylinder body and piston, DU seal ring, ster seal ring, gas seal ring are sequentially equipped from left to right between the one end of middle cylinder body close to rear cylinder body and piston cover, still be equipped with no. 1 chamber, no. 2 chamber, no. 3 chamber in the middle cylinder body, no. 1 chamber is connected with energy accumulator, still be equipped with buffer groove in the one end of no. 1 chamber close to front cylinder body, no. 2 chamber is connected with control valve through passage, the access groove of passage is seted up in the approach of no. 2 chamber to passage, still be equipped with back pressure effect groove in the one end of no. 2 chamber close to rear cylinder body, no. 3 chamber is also connected with control valve. The utility model discloses work pressure is between 300bar 350bar, has powerful striking force, and production efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic breaker technology, specifically a high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure. Background Technology

[0002] A hydraulic breaker is a device used for breaking rocks. Powered by pressurized hydraulic fluid supplied by the pump station of an excavator or loader, it more effectively removes loose rocks and mud from rock crevices during the excavation of building foundations. The principle for selecting a hydraulic breaker is to choose the most suitable one based on the excavator model and the operating environment.

[0003] Overseas, hydraulic breakers operate at pressures below 180 bar, resulting in lower striking force. In some harsh environments, they may fail to break the target, leading to low productivity. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure with a working pressure between 300 bar and 350 bar, which has a strong striking force, higher production efficiency, simple structure, low cost, and is easy to promote and use on a large scale.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure, comprising a chisel, a piston, a nitrogen chamber, a front cylinder, a middle cylinder, a rear cylinder, an accumulator, and a control valve. The chisel is inserted into the front cylinder. The middle cylinder is located between the front and rear cylinders. The piston is located in the middle cylinder and fixed by a piston sleeve. A nitrogen chamber is provided in the rear cylinder. Multiple oil seals are provided between the piston and the end of the middle cylinder near the front cylinder. The middle cylinder is located near the rear cylinder. From left to right, a DU seal ring, a Step seal ring, and a gas seal ring are arranged between one end and the piston sleeve; the middle cylinder body is also provided with chamber 1, chamber 2, and chamber 3. Chamber 1 is connected to the accumulator. A buffer groove is also provided at the end of chamber 1 near the front cylinder body. Chamber 2 is connected to the control valve through a channel. A channel access groove is opened at the end of chamber 2 near the channel. A back pressure action groove is also provided at the end of chamber 2 near the rear cylinder body. Chamber 3 is also connected to the control valve.

[0006] More preferably, the middle cylinder block, near the front cylinder block, has a dustproof oil seal ring, a U-shaped oil seal ring, and a buffer oil seal ring arranged from left to right between it and the piston.

[0007] More preferably, a DU seal and an O-ring are provided sequentially from left to right between the end of the middle cylinder near the rear cylinder and the piston sleeve.

[0008] More preferably, the piston sleeves are provided with a step seal ring and a gas seal ring arranged sequentially from left to right.

[0009] More preferably, when the piston is close to the front cylinder at a certain distance, the channel access groove and the back pressure action groove are connected through chamber No. 2; when the piston is far away from the front cylinder at a certain distance, the channel access groove and the back pressure action groove are not connected.

[0010] More preferably, the control valve is further provided with a frequency regulating valve, the frequency regulating valve including a frequency regulating screw and a frequency regulating nut threadedly connected to the frequency regulating screw, the frequency regulating screw being inserted between the first return oil channel and the second return oil channel via a threaded connection.

[0011] Further preferably, it also includes a first oil return groove, a second oil return groove, and a third oil return groove provided on the cylinder block. The first oil return groove is located between the U-shaped oil seal ring and the buffer oil seal ring. The third oil return groove is located close to the buffer oil seal ring. The second oil return groove is located between the third oil return groove and the buffer oil seal ring.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. This utility model provides a high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure with a working pressure between 300 bar and 350 bar, which has a strong impact force and higher production efficiency.

[0014] 2. In order to overcome the back pressure force during the piston stroke, this utility model also provides a buffer groove at the end of the No. 1 chamber near the front cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the buffer groove applies a downward force to the back pressure surface 22 of the piston, thereby increasing the impact force.

[0015] 3. In this utility model, a channel access groove is provided in the No. 2 chamber near the channel, and a back pressure action groove is also provided at one end of the No. 2 chamber near the rear cylinder. When the piston returns, the channel access groove and the back pressure action groove are connected, and the hydraulic oil flows from the channel access groove to the back pressure action groove. At this time, an upward force is applied to the piston, thereby greatly increasing the working pressure.

[0016] 4. The present invention is equipped with a buffer groove, a channel access groove, and a back pressure action groove to coordinate the values ​​of the hydraulic breaker piston weight, the nitrogen pressure of the rear cylinder, and the return oil back pressure of the hydraulic breaker to between 300 bar and 350 bar, so as to ensure that the hydraulic breaker has a large impact force.

[0017] 5. To ensure the hydraulic breaker operates within this pressure range, its matching sealing rings must be able to withstand the corresponding pressure. In this utility model, a DU sealing ring and an O-ring are sequentially installed between the cylinder body and the piston sleeve from left to right. Between the piston sleeves, a Step sealing ring and an air seal are sequentially installed from left to right. This provides a good sealing effect for the hydraulic breaker and allows it to withstand working pressures of 300-350 bar.

[0018] 6. This utility model can control the return oil speed through the frequency adjustment valve, thereby cooperating with the buffer tank, channel access tank, back pressure action tank, etc., to coordinate the weight of the hydraulic breaker piston, the nitrogen pressure of the rear cylinder, and the value of the return oil back pressure of the hydraulic breaker to be between 300 bar and 350 bar.

[0019] 7. This utility model has a simple structure, low modification cost, and does not require additional or separate parts, making it easy to promote and use on a large scale.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 3D diagram;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-pressure hydraulic breaker of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-pressure hydraulic breaker of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure hydraulic breaker of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the piston stroke of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the piston return stroke of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the control valve of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frequency modulation valve of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 12 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the buffer groove structure of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 13 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the back pressure groove of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 14 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the high-pressure oil working surface of the piston of this utility model;

[0035] The components are as follows: 1. Chisel; 2. Piston; 3. Piston sleeve; 4. Nitrogen chamber; 5. Front cylinder block; 6. Middle cylinder block; 7. Rear cylinder block; 8. Accumulator; 9. Control valve; 10. Gas seal ring; 11. Dustproof oil seal ring; 12. U-shaped oil seal ring; 13. Buffer oil seal ring; 14. Channel inlet groove; 15. Back pressure action groove; 16. DU seal ring; 17. Step seal ring; 18. O-ring seal ring; 19. Buffer groove; 20. Nitrogen action surface of piston; 21. High-pressure oil action surface of piston; 22. Back pressure action surface; 601. Chamber 1; 602. Chamber 2; 603. Chamber 3. 604, First oil return groove; 605, Second oil return groove; 606, Third oil return groove; 901, Frequency control valve; 901, Frequency control nut; 902, Frequency control screw; 903, First oil return channel; 904, Second oil return channel; Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] A hydraulic breaker mainly consists of a nitrogen chamber, a hydraulic chamber, an accumulator, a control valve, a piston, and a chisel. Its working principle is as follows: The hydraulic breaker has two circuit systems: a nitrogen system and a hydraulic oil system. When hydraulic oil is injected into the cylinder chamber, the piston moves upward and compresses the nitrogen in the accumulator. When the piston reaches the top, another oil pipe of the control valve is connected, injecting hydraulic oil into the upper piston and compressing it downward. Simultaneously, the pressure in the nitrogen chamber increases the piston's impact force. Thus, the piston rod strikes the chisel at high speed, completing one impact. During the impact, the breaker stores the remaining energy and the piston's recoil energy in the accumulator, releasing them simultaneously during the next strike to increase its impact power.

[0039] However, existing hydraulic breakers operate at pressures below 180 bar, resulting in low striking force. In some harsh environments, they may fail to break the target, leading to low productivity.

[0040] Example

[0041] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a technical solution: a high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure, such as... Figure 1-14 As shown, the assembly includes a drill bit 1, a piston 2, a nitrogen chamber 4, a front cylinder 5, a middle cylinder 6, a rear cylinder 7, an accumulator 8, and a control valve 9. The drill bit 1 is inserted into the front cylinder 5. The middle cylinder 6 is located between the front cylinder 5 and the rear cylinder 7. The piston 2 is located in the middle cylinder 6 and fixed by a piston sleeve 3. The rear cylinder 7 contains a nitrogen chamber 4. Multiple oil seals are provided between the middle cylinder 6 and the piston 2 at the end near the front cylinder 5. From left to right, a DU seal 16, a ST seal 17, and a gas seal 10 are provided between the middle cylinder 6 and the piston sleeve 3 at the end near the rear cylinder 7. The middle cylinder 6 also contains a chamber number 1. Chamber 601, chamber 602, and chamber 603 are connected to accumulator 8. Chamber 601 is also provided with a buffer groove 19 at the end near the front cylinder 5. Chamber 602 is connected to control valve 9 through a channel. Chamber 602 is provided with a channel access groove 14 at the end near the channel. Chamber 602 is also provided with a back pressure groove 15 at the end near the rear cylinder 7. Chamber 603 is also connected to control valve 9. Between the end of the middle cylinder 6 near the front cylinder 5 and the piston 2, from left to right, there is a dustproof oil seal ring 11, a U-shaped oil seal ring 12, and a buffer oil seal ring 13.

[0042] To ensure the hydraulic breaker operates within a high-pressure range, a DU seal ring 16 and an O-ring 18 are sequentially installed from left to right between the end of the middle cylinder 6 near the rear cylinder 7 and the piston sleeve 3. A Step seal ring 17 and an air seal ring 10 are sequentially installed from left to right between the piston sleeves 3. Preferably, there are 111 dustproof oil seals, 122 U-ring oil seals, 131 buffer oil seals, 162 DU seals, and 174 Step seals.

[0043] This invention utilizes the unique combination and materials of these oil seals to provide a better sealing effect for the hydraulic breaker, enabling the middle cylinder 6 to withstand a working pressure of 300-350 bar.

[0044] The DU sealing ring 16 is a polyurethane oil seal. A seal is a device that prevents fluid leakage by having at least one pair of end faces perpendicular to the axis of rotation maintain contact and relative sliding under the action of fluid pressure, the elastic force (or magnetic force) of the compensation mechanism, and the cooperation of auxiliary seals. Polyurethane oil seals are mainly used in hydraulic cylinders, are easy to install, and can scrape away dust adhering to the piston rod. Green polyurethane oil seals have slightly lower hardness, while blue ones have higher hardness and can withstand greater pressure. Polyurethane oil seals have good physical and mechanical properties, wear resistance, and oil resistance, making them suitable for the most demanding working conditions. They effectively prevent the entry of external impurities, thus achieving excellent sealing performance, and are the most commonly used sealing component in medium and high pressure hydraulic cylinders.

[0045] When piston 2 is a certain distance away from front cylinder 5, channel access groove 14 and back pressure action groove 15 are connected through chamber 2 602. When piston 2 is a certain distance away from front cylinder 5, channel access groove 14 and back pressure action groove 15 are not connected.

[0046] This utility model also includes a first oil return groove 604, a second oil return groove 605, and a third oil return groove 606 provided on the middle cylinder 6. The first oil return groove 604 is located between the U-shaped oil seal ring 12 and the buffer oil seal ring 13. The third oil return groove 606 is located close to the buffer oil seal ring 13. The second oil return groove 605 is located between the third oil return groove 606 and the buffer oil seal ring 13. These three oil return grooves (i.e., the first oil return groove 604, the second oil return groove 605, and the third oil return groove 606) all have multiple oblique holes opened in the circumferential direction at the center of the groove, and the oblique holes are connected to the oil return holes. This can not only ensure smooth oil drainage, but also ensure that the hydraulic breaker can work more stably under high pressure. The oil return holes are existing technology and therefore are not shown in the figure.

[0047] This invention provides a high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure with a working pressure between 300 bar and 350 bar, possessing powerful impact force and higher production efficiency. The working pressure of the hydraulic breaker is determined by its internal structure, mainly consisting of three parts: the weight of the hydraulic breaker piston 2, the nitrogen pressure in the rear cylinder 7, and the return oil back pressure. This invention coordinates these three values ​​to a range of 300 bar to 350 bar, ensuring the hydraulic breaker has a large impact force.

[0048] Working principle: When hydraulic oil is injected into the cylinder chamber, when piston 2 reaches the top, as... Figure 9As shown, control valve 9 is connected to chamber 3 603, injecting hydraulic oil into chamber 3 603 to compress piston 2 downwards. Simultaneously, the pressure in nitrogen chamber 4 and the pressure in the accumulator in the middle cylinder further increase the impact force of piston 2. Since the upper area of ​​the piston is larger than the lower area, the force is directed downwards, thus piston 2 performs a stroke. When piston 2 contacts the chisel 1, as... Figure 8 As described above, control valve 9 is connected to chamber 2 602. After the reversing valve reverses, the high pressure in chamber 3 603 changes to low pressure, while chamber 1 601 remains at constant high pressure. Therefore, piston 2 is pushed upward, causing piston 2 to move upward and compress nitrogen chamber 4. This process repeats itself.

[0049] During the piston 2 stroke: the nitrogen-acting surface 20 of piston 2 is subjected to a downward force of nitrogen, and the high-pressure oil-acting surface 21 of piston 2 is subjected to a downward force of high-pressure oil (this is the force of working pressure). The weight of piston 2 is downward. In order to increase the impact force and increase the working pressure, the force that needs to be overcome at this time is the back pressure force, which is upward. Therefore, this utility model also provides a buffer groove 19 at the end of chamber 1 601 near the front cylinder 5. The hydraulic oil in the buffer groove 19 applies a downward force to the back pressure-acting surface 22 of piston 2, thereby increasing the impact force.

[0050] When piston 2 returns, the greatest force is the upward force of the high-pressure oil (working pressure). The forces that need to be overcome are: the weight of piston 2 (downward), the back pressure force (downward), and the nitrogen force (downward). Therefore, this invention provides a channel access groove 14 near the channel in chamber 2 602, and a back pressure groove 15 is also provided at one end of chamber 2 602 near the rear cylinder 7. When piston 2 returns, the channel access groove 14 and the back pressure groove 15 are connected, and the hydraulic oil flows from the channel access groove 14 to the back pressure groove 15. At this time, an upward force is applied to piston 2, thereby greatly increasing the working pressure.

[0051] It should be noted that the minimum working pressure of the hydraulic breaker is determined when the piston 2 returns. In other words, the working pressure must at least ensure that the piston 2 can rise to the position where the signal hole is open; otherwise, the hydraulic breaker excavator will not make a sound. Therefore, this utility model sets up a buffer groove 19, a channel access groove 14, and a back pressure action groove 15 to coordinate the values ​​of the weight of the hydraulic breaker piston 2, the nitrogen pressure of the rear cylinder 7, and the return oil back pressure of the hydraulic breaker to between 300 bar and 350 bar, so as to ensure that the hydraulic breaker has a large impact force.

[0052] On the other hand, in order for the hydraulic breaker to operate within this pressure range, its matching sealing rings must be able to withstand the corresponding pressure. In this utility model, a DU seal ring 16 and an O-ring 18 are sequentially arranged from left to right between the end of the cylinder body 6 near the rear cylinder body 7 and the piston sleeve 3. A Step seal ring 17 and an air seal ring 10 are sequentially arranged from left to right between the piston sleeves 3. This provides a good sealing effect for the hydraulic breaker and can withstand working pressures of 300-350 bar.

[0053] In this context, the nitrogen-acting surface 20 of piston 2 refers to the upper diameter of piston 2, which is also the working area of ​​nitrogen chamber 4.

[0054] The high-pressure oil working surface 21 of piston 2 refers to the difference in area between the upper and lower diameters of piston 2, which is also the working area of ​​high-pressure oil acting on piston 2.

[0055] The back pressure action surface 22 refers to the difference between the diameter of the middle part of piston 2 and the diameter of the upper part of piston 2, which is also the action area of ​​piston 2 during its stroke.

[0056] like Figure 10-11 As shown, the control valve 9 is also equipped with a frequency adjustment valve 901. The frequency adjustment valve 901 includes a frequency adjustment screw 902 and a frequency adjustment nut 901 threadedly connected to the frequency adjustment screw 902. The frequency adjustment screw 902 is inserted between the first return oil channel 903 and the second return oil channel 904 through a threaded connection.

[0057] When the frequency control valve 901 controls the return oil speed, it adjusts the position of the frequency control screw 902 between the first return oil channel 903 and the second return oil channel 904 to control the connection area between the first return oil channel 903 and the second return oil channel 904, thereby controlling the return oil speed.

[0058] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure, comprising a chisel, a piston, a nitrogen chamber, a front cylinder, a middle cylinder, a rear cylinder, an accumulator, and a control valve, wherein the chisel is inserted into the front cylinder, the middle cylinder is disposed between the front and rear cylinders, the piston is disposed in the middle cylinder and fixed by a piston sleeve, and the rear cylinder is provided with a nitrogen chamber, characterized in that... Multiple oil seals are provided between the middle cylinder body and the piston at the end near the front cylinder body; from left to right, a DU seal, a Step seal, and a gas seal are provided between the middle cylinder body and the piston sleeve at the end near the rear cylinder body; the middle cylinder body also has chamber 1, chamber 2, and chamber 3. Chamber 1 is connected to the accumulator and has a buffer groove at the end near the front cylinder body. Chamber 2 is connected to the control valve through a channel and has a channel access groove at the end near the channel. Chamber 2 also has a back pressure groove at the end near the rear cylinder body. Chamber 3 is also connected to the control valve.

2. The high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle cylinder block, near the front cylinder block, has a dustproof oil seal, a U-shaped oil seal, and a buffer oil seal between it and the piston, arranged from left to right.

3. The high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle cylinder block, near the rear cylinder block, is provided with a DU seal and an O-ring between the piston sleeve and the piston sleeve from left to right.

4. The high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston sleeves are provided with a step seal ring and a gas seal ring arranged sequentially from left to right.

5. The high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the piston is close to the front cylinder at a certain distance, the channel access groove and the back pressure action groove are connected through the No. 2 chamber; when the piston is far away from the front cylinder at a certain distance, the channel access groove and the back pressure action groove are not connected.

6. The high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control valve is also equipped with a frequency adjustment valve, which includes a frequency adjustment screw and a frequency adjustment nut threadedly connected to the frequency adjustment screw. The frequency adjustment screw is inserted between the first return oil channel and the second return oil channel through a threaded connection.

7. The high-pressure hydraulic breaker structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first oil return groove, a second oil return groove, and a third oil return groove provided on the cylinder block. The first oil return groove is located between the U-shaped oil seal ring and the buffer oil seal ring. The third oil return groove is located close to the buffer oil seal ring. The second oil return groove is located between the third oil return groove and the buffer oil seal ring.

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