Intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to oil and gas transmission technical field, concretely relates to an intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transmission. Including flange connecting piece, outer cylinder, first flow guide cylinder, second flow guide cylinder and electromagnetic heating coil, second flow guide cylinder is coaxially arranged in the first flow guide cylinder and forms second flow guide heating chamber, the first flow guide cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder and forms annular first flow guide heating chamber, and electromagnetic heating coil is arranged between two flow guide cylinders; Crude oil flows through second flow guide heating chamber and first flow guide heating chamber in turn and completes secondary heating; Temperature sensor, cooperate temperature control system and power regulator in control cabinet and constitute intelligent control system, and the power of electromagnetic heating coil is adjusted in real time to realize accurate temperature control. The utility model adopts double-cavity series heating structure, and heat efficiency is high, can adapt to oil and gas mixed transmission system flow fluctuation, effectively prevents wax precipitation and blockage problem caused by temperature reduction in the process of high wax content crude oil transmission, has the advantages of uniform heating, energy saving and high efficiency, reliable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil and gas transportation equipment technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation pipelines that can adaptively adjust heating power. Background Technology

[0002] During the gathering and transportation of oil and gas, when the temperature of high-wax crude oil is below its wax precipitation point, wax crystals will precipitate and adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline, leading to increased transportation resistance and even pipeline blockage. This phenomenon is particularly prominent in winter or in gathering and transportation branches in cold regions and remote well sites. Existing technologies often use electromagnetic heaters to heat crude oil, but these generally suffer from the following drawbacks: low thermal efficiency and poor dynamic adaptability: traditional heaters are mostly single-chamber structures, which cannot fully utilize thermal energy, and under conditions of large fluctuations in oil and gas flow and ratio, the heating response is lagy, making it difficult to achieve stable and efficient heating. Uneven heating: limited by the heater's size and structure, it is difficult to achieve uniform and sufficient heating of flowing crude oil. Low level of intelligence: lacking a closed-loop control system that automatically adjusts the heating power in real time based on the outlet oil temperature, resulting in high energy consumption and the risk of overheating. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an electromagnetic heating device that can adapt to the dynamic characteristics of mixed oil and gas transportation, has high heating efficiency, and possesses intelligent control capabilities. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation, so as to solve the problems of low heating efficiency, poor dynamic adaptability and insufficient intelligence in the existing technology.

[0004] An intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation includes a flange connector, an outer cylinder, and a flow guiding heating assembly. The flange connector has an oil inlet pipe at its oil inlet end, and the outer cylinder is connected to the downstream end of the flange connector. The flow guiding heating assembly is disposed in the outer cylinder and is used to form a series flow channel for the fluid to flow in a tortuous manner and to heat the fluid flowing through it. The inlet of the series flow channel is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the outlet is connected to an oil discharge pipe disposed at one end of the outer cylinder near the flange connector.

[0005] The flow guiding and heating assembly includes a first flow guiding cylinder, a second flow guiding cylinder, and an electromagnetic heating coil. The second flow guiding cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the first flow guiding cylinder, with one end connected to the flange connector and the other end being an open end, thereby forming an annular second flow guiding and heating cavity between the second flow guiding cylinder and the first flow guiding cylinder. The oil inlet end of the second flow guiding and heating cavity is connected to the crude oil conduit. The first flow guiding cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the outer cylinder, with one end connected to the flange connector and the other end being an open end, thereby forming an annular first flow guiding and heating cavity between the first flow guiding cylinder and the outer cylinder. The oil inlet end of the first flow guiding and heating cavity is connected to the open end at the far end of the second flow guiding and heating cavity, and the outlet is connected to the crude oil discharge conduit. The electromagnetic heating coil is arranged around the first flow guiding cylinder and the second flow guiding cylinder for heating the fluid flowing through the series flow channels.

[0006] A sealing ring is provided between the open ends of the first guide tube and the second guide tube to seal the annular cavity between them.

[0007] The first and second guide tubes are made of materials with the same thermal conductivity.

[0008] The outer cylinder is made of low-carbon steel.

[0009] Several lifting lugs are provided on the upper outer side of the outer cylinder.

[0010] Several supports are provided at the lower outer side of the outer cylinder.

[0011] The crude oil discharge pipe is equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the discharged liquid.

[0012] The temperature sensor is electrically connected to an intelligent control system, which includes a control cabinet containing a temperature control system and a power regulator. The temperature control system is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and is used to receive temperature signals, compare them with a set temperature value, and output a control signal to the power regulator. The power regulator is electrically connected to the electromagnetic heating coil and is used to adjust the power of the electromagnetic heating coil according to the control signal.

[0013] The crude oil conduit and / or crude oil discharge conduit are also equipped with control valves, and the control cabinet is signal-connected to the control valves for adjusting the pipeline opening.

[0014] The control logic of the temperature control system is as follows: when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to output at full power; when the detected temperature enters the range of ±3℃ of the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to reduce the output power; when the detected temperature is higher than the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to stop outputting.

[0015] Beneficial effects 1. High-efficiency heating and energy saving: This invention features a series secondary heating method where the crude oil flow path is limited to the second guiding heating chamber and then to the first guiding heating chamber, forming a progressive heating process from the inside out. This structure ensures that the lowest temperature crude oil first contacts the hottest inner cylinder wall, maintaining the maximum heat transfer temperature difference, thereby achieving efficient and rapid heat transfer and extremely high thermal energy utilization.

[0016] 2. Excellent dynamic adaptability: The dual-chamber series structure of this utility model naturally increases the heat exchange area and the total flow rate, providing the fluid with a longer residence time for heating. When the system flow rate fluctuates, this structure provides stronger thermal buffering capacity, effectively solving the 'heating lag' problem of traditional single-chamber heaters, and can perfectly adapt to the operating conditions of flow fluctuations in oil and gas mixed transportation systems.

[0017] 3. Uniform heating and tiered energy utilization: In this invention, crude oil flows sequentially through two heating chambers, with the flow direction reversing during the process. This unique design achieves thorough mixing of materials and temperature equilibrium, effectively preventing localized overheating and coking. Simultaneously, this process enables tiered heat utilization, fully recovering waste heat. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the intelligent electromagnetic heater of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the intelligent electromagnetic heater of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A transverse sectional view at point AA; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point B (showing the sealing ring structure); Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the control principle of the intelligent electromagnetic heater of this utility model.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Flange connector; 101. Crude oil conduit; 2. Outer cylinder; 201. Crude oil discharge conduit; 3. Lifting lug; 4. Support; 5. First guide tube; 6. Electromagnetic heating coil; 7. Second guide tube; 8. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model is a vertically installed "cold-wrapped-heat" structure device, particularly suitable for outdoor installation. Crude oil flows sequentially through two heating chambers, and the flow direction reverses during the process, achieving thorough mixing of materials and temperature equilibrium. Its core structure includes a flange connector 1, an outer cylinder 2, and a flow-guiding heating assembly. The flange connector 1 serves as the interface between the device and external pipelines, and its oil inlet end is equipped with a crude oil conduit 101 for receiving low-temperature crude oil from upstream. The outer cylinder 2 is sealed to the oil outlet side of the flange connector 1 via a flange, forming the main shell of the device. The flow-guiding heating assembly is located inside the outer cylinder 2, forming a series of flow channels for the fluid tortuous flow and heating the flowing fluid. The inlet of the series flow channels is connected to the crude oil conduit 101, and the outlet is connected to the crude oil discharge conduit 201 located in the outer cylinder 2. The end of the outer cylinder 2 (i.e., the end away from the flange connector 1) is a welded seal end, which forces the fluid to change its flow direction inside; an crude oil discharge conduit 201 is welded on the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder 2 near the flange connector 1 for discharging the heated crude oil; in this embodiment, the outer cylinder 2 is preferably made of Q235B low carbon steel with a low thermal conductivity to reduce the shell temperature, ensure operational safety, and at the same time play a role in heat preservation and reduce heat loss.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the flow guiding and heating assembly includes a first flow guiding cylinder 5, a second flow guiding cylinder 7, and an electromagnetic heating coil 6. The second flow guiding cylinder 7 is coaxially disposed inside the first flow guiding cylinder 5, with one end connected to the flange connector 1 and the other end being an open end, thereby forming an annular second flow guiding and heating chamber between the second flow guiding cylinder 7 and the first flow guiding cylinder 5 for initial heating of the fluid. The oil inlet end of the second flow guiding and heating chamber is connected to the crude oil conduit 101. The first flow guiding cylinder 5 is coaxially disposed inside the outer cylinder 2, with one end connected to the flange connector 1 and the other end being an open end, from which... An annular first flow-guiding heating chamber is formed between the first flow-guiding cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder 2. This first flow-guiding heating chamber is used for secondary heating of the fluid. The oil inlet end of the first flow-guiding heating chamber is connected to the far end of the opening of the second flow-guiding heating chamber, and the outlet is connected to the crude oil discharge conduit 201. The electromagnetic heating coil 6 is arranged around the first flow-guiding cylinder 5 and the second flow-guiding cylinder 7. It is fixed by an insulating frame and a high-temperature resistant wire and is the core heat source of the equipment. When the coil is energized, it generates an alternating magnetic field, causing the walls of the first flow-guiding cylinder 5 and the second flow-guiding cylinder 7 to generate eddy current heating due to electromagnetic induction. Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in order to prevent crude oil from flowing into the chamber where the electromagnetic heating coil 6 is located from the opening end of the second guide tube 7 during the flow process, a sealing ring 8 is provided at the connection between the opening ends of the first guide tube 5 and the second guide tube 7. The sealing ring 8 is made of a high-temperature resistant and oil-corrosion resistant elastic material (such as fluororubber) or flexible graphite material, and the annular chamber between the two guide tubes is completely sealed by interference fit or bolt tightening.

[0024] Furthermore, to ensure heating efficiency and uniformity, the first guide tube 5 and the second guide tube 7 are made of metal materials with the same thermal conductivity, preferably stainless steel 304 or alloy steel with a higher thermal conductivity, so as to ensure that heat can be efficiently and uniformly conducted to the two heating chambers.

[0025] Furthermore, the outer cylinder 2 is made of low-carbon steel.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, for ease of installation and maintenance, several lifting lugs 3 are welded to the upper outer side of the outer cylinder 2 for hoisting the equipment; and several supports 4 are welded to the lower outer side for stably supporting the equipment on the foundation platform.

[0027] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is disposed on the outer wall or inside the crude oil discharge conduit 201, preferably a platinum resistance temperature sensor.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system includes a control cabinet, which contains a temperature control system and a power regulator. The temperature control system is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and is used to receive temperature signals, compare them with a set temperature value, and output a control signal to the power regulator. The power regulator is electrically connected to the electromagnetic heating coil 6 and is used to adjust the power of the electromagnetic heating coil 6 according to the control signal.

[0029] Furthermore, the crude oil conduit 101 and / or crude oil discharge conduit 201 are also equipped with control valves. The control cabinet is signal-connected to the control valves and dynamically adjusts the opening of the control valves according to the deviation between the real-time temperature and the set temperature and the changes in system flow, so as to achieve coordinated control of flow and heating power.

[0030] Furthermore, the control logic of the temperature control system is as follows: when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to output at full power; when the detected temperature is close to the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to reduce the output power; when the detected temperature is higher than the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to stop outputting.

[0031] The working process of this electromagnetic heater is as follows: 1. Primary heating: Low-temperature, high-wax crude oil from upstream enters the second flow heating chamber (inside the second flow tube 7) directly through the crude oil conduit 101; during this process, the heat generated by the electromagnetic heating coil 6 is directly and efficiently transferred to the crude oil through the wall of the second flow tube 7 for the first strong heating.

[0032] 2. Reversal of flow and secondary heating: After primary heating, the crude oil flows out from the open end of the second guide cylinder 7 and enters the first guide heating chamber (the annular cavity between the first guide cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder 2) under the guidance of the sealing ring 8. Subsequently, the crude oil flows in reverse (backflow towards the flange connection 1). During this process, the heat continues to heat the crude oil a second time through the wall of the first guide cylinder 5, while making full use of the residual heat.

[0033] 3. Final discharge: After the crude oil has completed secondary heating and reached the set temperature, it flows to the proximal end of the first guiding heating chamber and is finally discharged from the crude oil discharge pipe 201 into the downstream conveying pipeline.

[0034] This series of secondary heating channels, "from the inside out," ensures that the coldest crude oil comes into contact with the hottest inner cylinder wall first, maintaining the maximum heat transfer temperature difference and achieving extremely high thermal efficiency. At the same time, the dual-chamber structure greatly increases the heat exchange area and crude oil flow, enabling it to better adapt to the fluctuating flow conditions of the oil and gas mixed transportation system.

[0035] Furthermore, the intelligent control process of this utility model is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, this utility model integrates an intelligent control system to achieve precise and adaptive heating control. The intelligent control system includes a control cabinet: serving as the control center, the temperature control system can be implemented using a PLC or a dedicated temperature controller, and the power regulator is a thyristor power regulator, achieving smooth power adjustment through a PID algorithm; its control process is a closed-loop feedback system. The temperature sensor transmits the detected real-time temperature signal to the temperature control system inside the control cabinet. The temperature control system compares this real-time temperature with a preset target temperature value (e.g., a temperature 10-15°C higher than the wax separation point of crude oil), and outputs a control signal according to the preset control logic; the control logic specifically is: when the detected temperature is lower than the set temperature... When the temperature reaches its set value, the temperature control system determines that full heating is required and instructs the power regulator to output 100% full power, driving the electromagnetic heating coil 6 to work at full capacity. When the detected temperature enters the range of ±3℃ of the set temperature, the power regulator is controlled to gradually reduce the output power through PID adjustment to achieve precise temperature control and avoid overshoot. When the detected temperature is higher than the set temperature value, the temperature control system instructs the power regulator to stop power output to prevent energy waste and overheating of crude oil. At the same time, the control cabinet can adjust the opening of the control valve according to the system operating conditions to coordinate the control of flow and heating process, thereby optimizing the overall efficiency of the system.

[0036] Where there is no conflict, those skilled in the art can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to the actual situation to achieve the corresponding technical effects. Specific details of the various combinations will not be elaborated here.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation, characterized in that: It includes a flange connector (1), an outer cylinder (2), and a flow guiding and heating assembly; the oil inlet end of the flange connector (1) is provided with an oil crude oil conduit (101), and the outer cylinder (2) is connected to the downstream end of the flange connector (1); the flow guiding and heating assembly is disposed inside the outer cylinder (2) and is used to form a series flow channel for the fluid to flow in a tortuous manner and to heat the fluid flowing through it; the inlet of the series flow channel is connected to the oil crude oil conduit (101), and the outlet is connected to an oil crude oil discharge conduit (201) disposed at one end of the outer cylinder (2) near the flange connector (1).

2. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding and heating assembly includes a first flow guiding cylinder (5), a second flow guiding cylinder (7), and an electromagnetic heating coil (6); the second flow guiding cylinder (7) is coaxially disposed inside the first flow guiding cylinder (5), one end of which is connected to the flange connector (1), and the other end is an open end, thereby forming an annular second flow guiding and heating cavity between the second flow guiding cylinder (7) and the first flow guiding cylinder (5), and the oil inlet end of the second flow guiding and heating cavity is connected to the crude oil conduit (101); the first flow guiding cylinder (5) is coaxially disposed outside the flange connector (101). Inside the cylinder (2), one end is connected to the flange connector (1), and the other end is an open end, thereby forming an annular first flow guiding heating cavity between the first flow guiding cylinder (5) and the outer cylinder (2). The oil inlet end of the first flow guiding heating cavity is connected to the open end of the far end of the second flow guiding heating cavity, and the outlet is connected to the crude oil discharge conduit (201). The electromagnetic heating coil (6) is arranged around the first flow guiding cylinder (5) and the second flow guiding cylinder (7) to heat the fluid flowing through the series flow channel.

3. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing ring (8) is provided between the opening ends of the first guide tube (5) and the second guide tube (7) to seal the annular cavity between them.

4. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first guide tube (5) and the second guide tube (7) are made of materials with the same thermal conductivity.

5. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (2) is made of low-carbon steel.

6. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (2) is provided with several lifting lugs (3) on its upper outer side.

7. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several supports (4) are provided at the lower outer side of the outer cylinder (2).

8. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crude oil discharge conduit (201) is equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the discharged liquid.

9. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is electrically connected to an intelligent control system, which includes a control cabinet. The control cabinet contains a temperature control system and a power regulator. The temperature control system is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and is used to receive temperature signals, compare them with a set temperature value, and output control signals to the power regulator. The power regulator is electrically connected to the electromagnetic heating coil (6) and is used to adjust the power of the electromagnetic heating coil (6) according to the control signal.

10. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The crude oil conduit (101) and / or crude oil discharge conduit (201) are also equipped with control valves, and the control cabinet is signal-connected to the control valves for adjusting the pipeline opening.

11. The intelligent electromagnetic heater for oil and gas mixed transportation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control logic of the temperature control system is as follows: when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to output at full power; when the detected temperature enters the range of ±3℃ of the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to reduce the output power; when the detected temperature is higher than the set temperature value, the power regulator is controlled to stop outputting.

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