Single-blade shield cutter capable of preventing eccentric wear

Abstract

The utility model relates to single blade shield construction cutter technology field especially relates to a kind of single blade shield construction cutter of preventing eccentric wear, including cutter shaft, bearing is set outside cutter shaft, bearing is set outside cutter hub, cutter hub is set outside cutter ring and snap ring, snap ring is located cutter ring side, bearing both sides are provided with end cap, further include two groups of guide rings, two groups of guide rings are symmetrically set in cutter ring inner wall both sides, guide ring is set outside cutter hub, guide ring cross section is triangle, the inclined slot corresponding to two groups of guide rings is set in cutter ring inner wall both sides, sealing ring is inlayed in the outer wall of cutter hub, sealing ring is connected with cutter hub by bolt structure, and sealing ring shields the joint gap of cutter hub and end cap, a kind of single blade shield construction cutter of preventing eccentric wear of the utility model, the self-centering structure formed by the design 15 ° bevel guide ring and inclined slot, simultaneously, sealing ring can prevent slag into the inside of bearing, effectively prolongs cutter ring replacement cycle, significantly improves eccentric wear prevention performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of single-blade shield tunnel cutter technology, and in particular to a single-blade shield tunnel cutter with anti-wear properties. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment in the field of modern underground engineering, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) bear the heavy responsibility of breaking up rock and soil and advancing tunnels during tunnel excavation. The single-edged shield cutterhead mounted on its cutterhead is a key actuator that directly contacts the rock and soil, and breaks up the rock and soil through high-speed rotation and compression.

[0003] Traditional single-edged shield cutterheads typically employ a direct-drive structure consisting of a cutter shaft, bearing, cutter hub, and cutter ring. The cutter shaft directly drives the cutter hub to rotate via rolling bearings, while the cutter ring is fixed to the outer circumference of the cutter hub through an interference fit or key connection. During shield construction, the cutter ring directly bears complex lateral forces from the strata (such as shear forces generated by uneven strata and eccentric forces during curved sections). Due to the lack of effective radial limiting and automatic correction mechanisms in traditional structures, when the cutter ring is subjected to unilateral lateral forces, it is prone to radial displacement along the cutter hub axis. This displacement leads to uneven stress distribution on the contact surface between the cutter ring and the cutter hub, resulting in excessive wear in localized areas (i.e., uneven wear). In severe cases, the wear on one side of the cutter ring may exceed the design threshold, causing premature failure.

[0004] Therefore, to address the issue of inconvenience in improving the anti-wear properties of single-edged cutterheads when used in continuous shield tunneling scenarios, an anti-wear single-edged shield cutterhead can be designed. When this single-edged cutterhead is in use, the cutter shaft drives the cutter hub to rotate via bearings. Two sets of guide rings are symmetrically arranged at a 15° angle within inclined grooves on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring. Their triangular cross-sections form a self-centering structure with the outer wall of the cutter hub. When the cutter ring is subjected to lateral forces and tends to shift, the inclined surfaces of the guide rings will create a wedge effect with the surface of the cutter hub, automatically correcting the shift trajectory. Furthermore, the cutter... A sealing ring is embedded in the outer wall of the hub and installed with the cutter hub by bolts. The sealing ring also blocks the gap between the cutter hub and the end cover, thus preventing soil from entering the bearing and preventing the bearing from seizing. In summary, this hob, through the design of a 15° angled guide ring and an inclined groove forming a self-centering structure, can control the radial offset of the cutter ring to within 0.1mm, which is lower than the wear of traditional hobs. At the same time, the sealing ring can prevent soil from entering the bearing, effectively extending the cutter ring replacement cycle and significantly improving the anti-wear performance. Utility Model Content

[0005] Traditional single-edged shield cutterheads typically employ a direct-drive structure consisting of a cutter shaft, bearing, cutter hub, and cutter ring. Due to the lack of effective radial limiting and automatic correction mechanisms in this traditional structure, the cutter ring is prone to radial displacement along the cutter hub axis when subjected to unilateral lateral force. Therefore, when used in continuous shield tunneling scenarios, it is inconvenient to improve the anti-wear problem of single-edged cutters.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a single-edged shield tunnel cutter with anti-wear properties, including a cutter shaft, a bearing sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft, a cutter hub sleeved on the outside of the bearing, a cutter ring and a retaining ring sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub, the retaining ring being located on one side of the cutter ring, end caps being provided on both sides of the bearing, and two sets of guide rings symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring, the guide rings being sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub, the guide rings having a triangular cross section, inclined grooves corresponding to the two sets of guide rings being opened on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring, and a sealing ring being embedded in the outer wall of the cutter hub, the sealing ring being connected to the cutter hub by a bolt structure, and the sealing ring blocking the connection gap between the cutter hub and the end cap.

[0007] Preferably, when the single-edged shield cutter is in use, the cutter shaft drives the cutter hub to rotate through the bearing. Two sets of guide rings are symmetrically arranged in inclined grooves on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring at a 15° angle. Their triangular cross-sections form a self-centering structure with the outer wall of the cutter hub. When the cutter ring is subjected to lateral force and tends to shift, the inclined surface of the guide ring will produce a wedge effect with the surface of the cutter hub, automatically correcting the shift trajectory. In summary, by designing a self-centering structure formed by the 15° angled guide ring and the inclined groove, the cutter can control the radial offset of the cutter ring to within 0.1mm, which reduces the wear of traditional cutters, effectively extends the cutter ring replacement cycle, and significantly improves the anti-wear performance.

[0008] Preferably, the guide ring forms a 15° angle with the blade hub, creating a self-centering structure.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom cross section of the cutter ring is an isosceles trapezoid, and the cutter ring and the cutter hub are fitted with an interference fit.

[0010] Preferably, the guide ring is made of tungsten carbide-based composite material with a hardness of HRC65-70 and a nano-scale molybdenum disulfide coating on its surface.

[0011] Preferably, the cutter hub is composed of a high-strength alloy steel substrate and a surface hard alloy coating.

[0012] As a preferred option, the single-edged blade ring adopts a segmented gradient hardness design, with the outer working layer having a hardness of HRC58-62 and the inner buffer layer having a hardness of HRC45-50.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. When this single-edged shield cutterhead is in use, the cutter shaft drives the cutter hub to rotate via bearings. Two sets of guide rings are symmetrically arranged at a 15° angle in the inclined grooves on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring. Their triangular cross-sections form a self-centering structure with the outer wall of the cutter hub. When the cutter ring is subjected to lateral forces and tends to shift, the inclined surface of the guide ring will produce a wedge effect with the surface of the cutter hub, automatically correcting the shift trajectory. In addition, a sealing ring is embedded in the outer wall of the cutter hub and is installed with the cutter hub by bolts. The sealing ring blocks the gap between the cutter hub and the end cover, thereby preventing soil from entering the bearing and preventing the bearing from seizing. In summary, by designing a self-centering structure formed by the 15° angled guide ring and the inclined groove, this cutterhead can control the radial offset of the cutter ring to within 0.1mm, which is lower than the wear of traditional cutterheads. At the same time, the sealing ring can prevent soil from entering the bearing, effectively extending the cutter ring replacement cycle and significantly improving the anti-wear performance.

[0015] 2. Firstly, the segmented hardness design of the cutter ring, with its hard exterior and tough interior, enhances the wear resistance of the working layer and improves the impact resistance of the buffer layer, achieving a balance between the contradictory performance of "wear-resistant without brittleness". Secondly, the nano-level molybdenum disulfide coating maintains an ultra-low coefficient of friction (μ≤0.05) below 200℃, which, combined with the high hardness of the tungsten carbide substrate, reduces the wear rate of the guide ring to below 0.01g / km. Thirdly, the bottom design of the cutter ring with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section increases the contact area with the cutter hub, and the interference fit assembly method enhances the connection strength, effectively resisting the alternating loads during tunneling and improving structural reliability. Fourthly, through material innovation and structural optimization, the service life of the single-edged shield cutterhead is extended, construction efficiency is improved, and maintenance costs are reduced, which is particularly significant in hard rock strata construction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a first three-dimensional structural schematic of a single-edged shield cutter for preventing uneven wear according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a first half-section planar structural diagram of a single-edged shield cutter for preventing uneven wear according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a partial planar structural schematic of a single-edged shield cutter for preventing uneven wear according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 What is shown is Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the planar structure at the circled area;

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Bearing; 3. Cutter hub; 4. Cutter ring; 5. Snap ring; 6. Guide ring; 7. End cap; 8. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an embodiment: a single-edged shield tunnel cutter with anti-wear properties, including a cutter shaft 1, a bearing 2 sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft 1, a cutter hub 3 sleeved on the outside of the bearing 2, a cutter ring 4 and a retaining ring 5 sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub 3, the retaining ring 5 being located on one side of the cutter ring 4, end caps 7 being provided on both sides of the bearing 2, and also including two sets of guide rings 6, the two sets of guide rings 6 being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring 4, the guide rings 6 being sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub 3, the guide rings 6 having a triangular cross section, inclined grooves corresponding to the two sets of guide rings 6 being opened on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring 4, and a sealing ring 8 being embedded in the outer wall of the cutter hub 3, the sealing ring 8 being connected to the cutter hub 3 by a bolt structure, and the sealing ring 8 covering the connection gap between the cutter hub 3 and the end caps 7.

[0023] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The guide ring 6 forms a 15° angle with the cutter hub 3, creating a self-centering structure. This cutter, through the design of the 15° angled guide ring 6 and the inclined groove forming a self-centering structure, can control the radial offset of the cutter ring 4 to within 0.1mm, reducing the wear of traditional cutters, effectively extending the replacement cycle of the cutter ring 4, and significantly improving anti-wear performance. The bottom cross-section of the cutter ring 4 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the cutter ring 4 and cutter hub 3 are interference-fitted. The isosceles trapezoidal cross-section of the cutter ring 4 increases the contact area with the cutter hub 3. Combined with the interference fit assembly method, this improves the connection strength, effectively resisting alternating loads during tunneling and enhancing structural reliability. The guide ring 6 is made of tungsten carbide-based composite material with a hardness of HRC65-70, and its surface is coated with a nano-level molybdenum disulfide coating. This nano-level molybdenum disulfide coating maintains an ultra-low coefficient of friction (μ≤0.05) below 200℃. Combined with the high hardness of the tungsten carbide matrix, this reduces the wear rate of the guide ring 6 to below 0.01g / km.

[0024] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cutter hub 3 is composed of a high-strength alloy steel substrate and a surface hard alloy coating. The high-strength alloy steel substrate of the cutter hub 3 provides core support, while the surface hard alloy coating enhances wear resistance, forming a composite reinforcement system of "hard on the outside and tough on the inside". The retaining ring 5 prevents the axial movement of the cutter ring 4 by axial limiting, and together with the guide ring 6, it forms a three-dimensional anti-wear system. The single-edged cutter ring 4 adopts a segmented gradient hardness design. The hardness of the outer working layer is HRC58-62, and the hardness of the inner buffer layer is HRC45-50. The outer working layer of the cutter ring 4 directly participates in rock and soil cutting due to its high hardness of HRC58-62, while the gradient hardness design of the inner buffer layer HRC45-50 can absorb impact energy and reduce stress concentration.

[0025] When this single-edged shield cutter is used, the working principle of this utility model anti-wear single-edged shield cutter is as follows: During shield construction, the cutter shaft 1 drives the cutter hub 3 to rotate through the bearing 2. The outer working layer of the cutter ring 4 directly participates in rock and soil cutting due to its high hardness of HRC58-62. The inner buffer layer with a gradient hardness design of HRC45-50 can absorb impact energy and reduce stress concentration.

[0026] Two sets of guide rings 6 are symmetrically arranged at a 15° angle in the inclined grooves on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring 4. Their triangular cross-sections form a self-centering structure with the outer wall of the cutter hub 3. When the cutter ring 4 is subjected to lateral force and tends to deviate, the inclined surface of the guide ring 6 will produce a wedge effect with the surface of the cutter hub 3, automatically correcting the deviation trajectory. At the same time, the ultra-high hardness of the tungsten carbide-based composite material and the nano-scale molybdenum disulfide coating can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction and reduce the wear between the guide ring 6 and the cutter hub 3.

[0027] The high-strength alloy steel substrate of the cutter hub 3 provides core support, while the surface hard alloy coating enhances wear resistance, forming a composite reinforcement system of "hard on the outside and tough on the inside". The retaining ring 5 prevents the axial movement of the cutter ring 4 by axial limiting, and together with the guide ring 6, they form a three-dimensional anti-wear system.

[0028] In addition, a sealing ring 8 is embedded in the outer wall of the cutter hub 3 and is installed with the cutter hub 3 by bolt structure. The sealing ring 8 blocks the gap between the cutter hub 3 and the end cover 7, thereby preventing soil from entering the bearing 2 and preventing the bearing 2 from jamming.

[0029] A gap is left between the sealing ring 8 and the end cover 7. The end cover 7 and the seal are controlled by the cover plate to prevent the internal damage caused by mud or water entering due to excessive sealing range, which would cause the tool to be unable to rotate and the tool ring 4 to wear unevenly.

[0030] In summary, firstly, by designing a self-centering structure formed by a 15° angled guide ring 6 and an inclined groove, this hob can control the radial offset of the cutter ring 4 to within 0.1mm, which reduces the amount of uneven wear compared to traditional hobs, effectively extends the replacement cycle of the cutter ring 4, and significantly improves the anti-uneven wear performance.

[0031] Secondly, the four-segment hardness design of the blade ring, which is hard on the outside and tough on the inside, improves the wear resistance of the working layer and enhances the impact resistance of the buffer layer, achieving a balance between the contradictory performance of "wear-resistant and non-brittle".

[0032] Third, the nano-scale molybdenum disulfide coating maintains an ultra-low coefficient of friction μ≤0.05 below 200℃, which, combined with the high hardness of the tungsten carbide substrate, reduces the wear rate of the guide ring 6 to below 0.01g / km.

[0033] Fourth, the bottom design of the cutter ring 4 with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section increases the contact area with the cutter hub 3. Combined with the interference fit assembly method, the connection strength is improved, effectively resisting the alternating load during the tunneling process, and the structural reliability is enhanced.

[0034] Fifth, through material innovation and structural optimization, the service life of the single-edged shield cutterhead has been extended, construction efficiency has been improved, and maintenance costs have been reduced, which is particularly evident in hard rock strata construction.

[0035] In summary, this technology, through the three-dimensional design concept of "structural self-correction - material gradient reinforcement - lubrication synergy", fundamentally solves the problem of early failure caused by uneven wear of shield cutterheads, and provides a highly reliable and long-life rock-breaking tool solution for tunnel construction.

[0036] Through the above steps, when the single-edged shield cutter is in use, the cutter shaft 1 drives the cutter hub 3 to rotate through the bearing 2. Two sets of guide rings 6 are symmetrically arranged in the inclined grooves on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring 4 at a 15° angle. Their triangular cross-sections form a self-centering structure with the outer wall of the cutter hub 3. When the cutter ring 4 is subjected to lateral force and tends to shift, the inclined surface of the guide ring 6 will produce a wedge effect with the surface of the cutter hub 3, automatically correcting the shift trajectory. In addition, a sealing ring 8 is embedded in the outer wall of the cutter hub 3 and is installed with the cutter hub 3 by bolts. The sealing ring 8 blocks the gap between the cutter hub 3 and the end cover 7, thereby preventing soil from entering the bearing 2 and preventing the bearing 2 from jamming. In summary, by designing a self-centering structure formed by the 15° angled guide ring 6 and the inclined groove, the cutter can control the radial offset of the cutter ring 4 to within 0.1mm. At the same time, the sealing ring 8 can prevent soil from entering the bearing 2. Compared with traditional cutter, the wear is reduced, effectively extending the replacement cycle of the cutter ring 4 and significantly improving the anti-wear performance.

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-edged shield cutter with anti-wear properties, comprising a cutter shaft (1), a bearing (2) sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft (1), a cutter hub (3) sleeved on the outside of the bearing (2), a cutter ring (4) and a retaining ring (5) sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub (3), the retaining ring (5) being located on one side of the cutter ring (4), and end caps (7) provided on both sides of the bearing (2), characterized in that: It also includes two sets of guide rings (6), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring (4). The guide rings (6) are sleeved on the outside of the cutter hub (3). The cross section of the guide rings (6) is triangular. Inclined grooves corresponding to the two sets of guide rings (6) are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the cutter ring (4). A sealing ring (8) is embedded between the end cap (7) and the two sides of the contact surface of the cutter hub (3). A sealing ring (8) is embedded in the outer wall of the cutter hub (3). The sealing ring (8) is connected to the cutter hub (3) by a bolt structure, and the sealing ring (8) covers the connection gap between the cutter hub (3) and the end cap (7).

2. The anti-wear single-edged shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide ring (6) forms a 15° angle with the blade hub (3), thus forming a self-centering structure.

3. The anti-wear single-edged shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom cross section of the cutter ring (4) is an isosceles trapezoid, and the cutter ring (4) and the cutter hub (3) are fitted with an interference fit.

4. The anti-wear single-edged shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide ring (6) is made of tungsten carbide-based composite material with a hardness of HRC65-70 and a nano-level molybdenum disulfide coating on its surface.

5. The anti-wear single-edged shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade hub (3) is composed of a high-strength alloy steel substrate and a surface hard alloy coating.

6. The anti-wear single-edged shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-edged blade ring (4) adopts a segmented gradient hardness design, with the outer working layer hardness HRC58-62 and the inner buffer layer hardness HRC45-50.

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