A tunnel deformation joint cavity treatment structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of tunnel deformation joint cavity treatment structure, including primary support structure layer, the lower portion of primary support structure layer is equipped with secondary lining structure layer, first waterproof layer is equipped between primary support structure layer and secondary lining structure layer, cavity is formed on secondary lining structure layer, multiple pressure relief holes are set up on secondary lining structure layer, the outer side of the cavity is located in pressure relief hole, plugging layer is equipped in pressure relief hole.In the utility model, before the cavity at tunnel deformation joint is treated, first drill and hit pressure relief hole around cavity, so that water seepage in stratum can be discharged through pressure relief hole, avoid water seepage into cavity to cause slurry to be washed out or water to enter slurry to cause intensity to reduce when repairing, can enhance the repairing effect of cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel cavity treatment technology, and in particular to a tunnel expansion joint cavity treatment structure. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, the pouring and curing of lining concrete are crucial steps. If these steps are not properly controlled, voids or cavities often appear in the lining concrete at expansion joints. Once voids or cavities appear at expansion joints, not only is the overall strength of the lining concrete severely reduced, but serious water leakage also occurs. If voids appear at tunnel expansion joints, they need to be repaired and filled. Currently, most repair methods involve directly injecting grout and filling materials into the void. However, in areas with high water content, seepage water from the strata can enter the void. When the void contains a large amount of seepage water, it mixes with the filling material, reducing the strength of the repair material or washing it away from the void. This affects the repair effect and fails to solve the leakage problem, leading to severe water seepage after repair. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel expansion joint cavity treatment structure to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A tunnel expansion joint cavity treatment structure includes an initial support structure layer, a secondary lining structure layer below the initial support structure layer, a first waterproof layer between the initial support structure layer and the secondary lining structure layer, a cavity formed in the secondary lining structure layer, and multiple pressure relief holes opened in the secondary lining structure layer. The pressure relief holes are located on the outside of the cavity, and a sealing layer is provided inside the pressure relief holes.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of pressure relief holes are evenly arranged around the cavity along the circumferential direction, the distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes is 50-100cm, and the diameter of the pressure relief holes is 14mm.

[0007] Preferably, the secondary lining structure layer is provided with an expansion joint, the expansion joint is connected to the cavity, the expansion joint is provided with an embedded waterstop in the middle, and a back-adhesive waterstop is provided between the expansion joint and the first waterproof layer.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the expansion joint is provided with a first sealing layer for sealing the expansion joint.

[0009] Preferably, a water collection box is provided on the secondary lining structure layer, the water collection box is located below the cavity and the expansion joint, and the water collection box covers the cavity and the expansion joint.

[0010] Preferably, a second sealing layer is provided between the water receiving box and the secondary lining structure layer.

[0011] Preferably, a second waterproof layer is provided between the cavity and the first waterproof layer.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows:

[0013] 1. In this utility model, before treating and repairing the voids at the expansion joint, pressure relief holes are first drilled in the secondary lining structure layer. The upper end of the pressure relief holes extends to the top of the secondary lining structure layer but does not damage the first waterproof layer. Therefore, when water seepage occurs, the seepage water can be discharged from the pressure relief holes, avoiding a large amount of water accumulation in the voids, thereby ensuring the quality of the treatment and repair of the voids.

[0014] 2. In this utility model, after the cavity at the expansion joint is repaired, a first grouting hole and a second grouting hole are drilled on the secondary lining structure layer. The first grouting hole is connected to the expansion joint, and the second grouting hole extends to the top of the cavity. Grout is injected into the expansion joint through the first grouting hole, and grout is injected into the upper end of the cavity through the second grouting hole to form a second waterproof layer, which can play a waterproof role and prevent leakage in the later stage. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity treatment process of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the completed cavity treatment structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0018] In the diagram: 1 is the initial support structure layer, 2 is the secondary lining structure layer, 3 is the first waterproof layer, 4 is the void, 5 is the pressure relief hole, 6 is the expansion joint, 7 is the embedded waterstop, 8 is the back-adhesive waterstop, 9 is the first sealing layer, 10 is the water collection box, 11 is the second sealing layer, 12 is the first grouting hole, 13 is the second grouting hole, 14 is the formwork, 15 is the grouting pipe, and 16 is the sealing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] A tunnel expansion joint cavity treatment structure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the structure includes a primary support layer 1, a secondary lining layer 2 below the primary support layer 1, and a first waterproof layer 3 between the primary support layer 1 and the secondary lining layer 2. The first waterproof layer 3 is used to prevent water from the primary support layer 1 and the water above the primary support layer 1 from seeping into the secondary lining layer 2, causing water to drip into the tunnel. During construction, due to maintenance and pouring, voids 4 are easily formed on the secondary lining layer 2. In order to repair the voids 4, the voids 4 are filled with repair grout to form a repair layer, which can repair the voids 4 and avoid the risk of collapse of the secondary lining layer 2. Multiple pressure relief holes 5 are opened on the secondary lining layer 2. The pressure relief holes 5 are located on the outside of the voids 4, and a sealing layer 16 is provided inside the pressure relief holes 5. In tunnel construction, cavities 4 are easily formed in the secondary lining layer 2. In some strata with high water content, seepage water can easily penetrate into the cavities 4 through gaps. This can cause the seepage water to wash away the grout injected into the cavities 4 during the treatment of the cavities 4, or the seepage water to enter the grout, reducing its strength after solidification. Therefore, in this invention, before treating and repairing the cavities 4, multiple pressure relief holes 5 are drilled around the cavities 4. The pressure relief holes 5 penetrate the secondary lining layer 2, but the pressure relief holes 5 The first waterproof layer 3 was not damaged, thus preventing leakage later. After the pressure relief hole 5 was drilled, a pressure relief pipe could be inserted into it, allowing seepage water in the stratum to drain out and preventing it from entering the cavity 4. Subsequently, grouting could be performed on the cavity 4 to effectively reduce the water content and improve the treatment effect. After the cavity 4 was repaired, grouting was performed on the pressure relief hole 5 to seal it, forming a sealing layer inside the pressure relief hole 5 and preventing seepage water from leaking out.

[0023] Furthermore, multiple pressure relief holes 5 are evenly arranged around the cavity 4 along the circumferential direction, that is, multiple pressure relief holes 5 are evenly arranged around the cavity 4 with the cavity 4 as the center. The distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes 5 is 50-100cm, and the diameter of the pressure relief hole 5 is 14mm. In this embodiment, water that seeps in from around the cavity 4 can be discharged through the pressure relief holes 5, thereby preventing a large amount of seepage water from entering the cavity 4 and affecting the treatment and repair of the cavity 4.

[0024] Furthermore, the secondary lining layer 2 is provided with expansion joints 6. Cavities 4 are generally prone to appear near expansion joints 6. Therefore, expansion joints 6 and voids 4 are connected. An embedded waterstop 7 is provided in the middle of expansion joint 6. A back-adhesive waterstop 8 is provided between expansion joint 6 and the first waterproof layer 3. The embedded waterstop 7 and the back-adhesive waterstop 8 can prevent water leakage and avoid water seepage in the later stage.

[0025] Furthermore, a first sealing layer 9 is provided at the lower end of the expansion joint 6 for sealing the expansion joint 6.

[0026] Furthermore, a water collection box 10 is provided on the secondary lining layer 2. The water collection box 10 is located below the cavity 4 and the expansion joint 6. The water collection box 10 covers the cavity 4 and the expansion joint 6 and can receive a small amount of seepage water from the cavity 4 and the expansion joint 6, so as to prevent water droplets from falling into the tunnel and affecting the passage of vehicles.

[0027] Furthermore, a second sealing layer 11 is provided between the water receiving box 10 and the secondary lining structure layer 2.

[0028] Furthermore, a second waterproof layer 17 is provided between the cavity 4 and the first waterproof layer 3. The second waterproof layer 17 is located below the first waterproof layer 3, which can prevent water seepage in the cavity 4 after the treatment is completed and play a waterproof role for the cavity 4. In this embodiment, after the cavity 4 is treated and repaired, grout is injected into the deformation joint 6 through the first grouting hole 12 for sealing. As the grout is continuously injected into the deformation joint 6, the grout will also enter the first grouting hole 12 and seal the first grouting hole 12. Similarly, grout is injected into the cavity 4 through the second grouting hole 13. As the grout is continuously injected, the grout will also seal the second grouting hole 13.

[0029] When treating voids at tunnel expansion joints, the following treatment methods can be adopted, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Drill multiple pressure relief holes 5 on the secondary lining layer 2. The pressure relief holes 5 are located on the outside of the cavity 4. When drilling, the pressure relief holes 5 are drilled vertically upward from the bottom of the secondary lining layer 2 until the upper end of the pressure relief hole 5 penetrates the top of the secondary lining layer 2. However, the upper end of the pressure relief hole 5 does not penetrate the first waterproof layer 3 to avoid damage to the first waterproof layer 3 and to ensure that the first waterproof layer 3 continues to maintain its waterproof effect. The multiple pressure relief holes 5 are evenly arranged around the cavity 4 in a circumferential direction to ensure that seepage water around the cavity 4 can be discharged from the pressure relief holes 5 and to ensure that the construction environment within the cavity 4 is free of standing water.

[0031] Step 2: Clean the base layer of the cavity surface, chisel and remove loose concrete and debris inside the expansion joint, on the surface and around the embedded waterstop 7 and the cavity 4, and blow the base surface clean with a high-pressure air gun to ensure that the base layer is firm.

[0032] Step 3: Fix template 14 on the secondary lining layer 2. Template 14 is located at the lower part of cavity 4. Template 14 is customized according to the size and shape of expansion joint 6 and cavity 4, and is used to seal cavity 4. Before installation, apply sealant or install sealing gasket within 100mm of the upper surface edge of template 14. When installing template 14, the sealing gasket or sealant is located between secondary lining layer 2 and template 14. Template 14 and secondary lining layer 2 are fixedly connected by expansion bolts. Grouting pipe 15 is detachably fixedly connected to template 14. One end of grouting pipe 15 extends to the top of template 14 and connects to cavity 4, and the other end extends to the bottom of template 14.

[0033] It should be noted that, in order to prevent grout from entering the expansion joint 6 connected to the cavity 4 during grouting, foam board is filled into the expansion joint 6 before the formwork 14 is installed. The width of the foam board is the same as the width of the expansion joint 6.

[0034] Step 4: Grouting is injected into the cavity 4 through the grouting pipe 15 to fill the cavity 4. During grouting, the grouting pump can be connected to the grouting pipe 15, and the grouting pump can inject grout into the cavity 4 through the grouting pipe 15. The grout can be a water-resistant cement-based grout, and the pressure can be controlled at 0.2-0.3MPa until the grout fills the cavity 4. Since the expansion joint 6 is filled with foam board, the grout will not enter the expansion joint 6. After the grout solidifies, the foam board in the expansion joint 6 can be removed and cleaned.

[0035] Step 5: Remove formwork 14. Remove formwork 14 24 hours after grouting is completed, clean the surface of residual grout, and grind the edges and joints.

[0036] Step 6: Drill a first grouting hole 12 and a second grouting hole 13 on the secondary lining structure layer 2. One end of the first grouting hole 12 is connected to the expansion joint 6, and one end of the second grouting hole 13 extends to the top of the cavity 4. After drilling, grout is injected through the first grouting hole 12 and the second grouting hole 13. Grout is injected into the expansion joint 6 through the first grouting hole 12 to seal the expansion joint 6 and form a waterproof structure. Grout is injected into the cavity 4 through the second grouting hole 13 to form a second waterproof layer 17. The second waterproof layer 17 is located below the first waterproof layer 3, thereby preventing water seepage in the cavity 4 after the repair is completed.

[0037] It should be noted that when drilling the first grouting hole 12 and the second grouting hole 13, the first grouting hole 12 is drilled at a distance of 300mm-400mm from the expansion joint, facing the expansion joint 6, until the first grouting hole 12 is connected to the expansion joint 6. The inclination angle of the first grouting hole 12 is 30-45°, and the end of the first grouting hole 12 connected to the expansion joint 6 is located above the embedded waterstop 7. After the first grouting hole 12 is drilled, grout is injected into the expansion joint 6 through the first grouting hole 12. The grout can be a flexible acrylic grout, which can fill the expansion joint 6 and prevent leakage. When drilling the second grouting hole 13, drilling is performed from the other side of the expansion joint 6, so that the second grouting hole 13 passes through the cavity 4 and extends to the top of the cavity 4. The upper end of the second grouting hole 13 is located below the first waterproof layer 3, without damaging the first waterproof layer 3, thus avoiding damage to the first waterproof layer 3 and leakage. After the second grouting hole 13 is drilled, grout is injected into the top of the cavity 4 through the second grouting hole 13 to form the second waterproof layer 17. The grout can be high-penetration epoxy resin grouting material, so that a high-viscosity and high-durability first waterproof layer is formed above the cavity 4, preventing subsequent water seepage into the gaps of the cavity 4.

[0038] Step 7: Grout the bottom of the expansion joint 6 to form the first sealing layer 9 and seal the expansion joint 6. The first sealing layer 9 can be made of polyurethane material and has a thickness of 2cm.

[0039] It should be noted that before grouting the bottom of the expansion joint 6 to form the first sealing layer 9, grout is injected into the expansion joint 6 through the opening at the bottom of the expansion joint 6 to seal the part of the expansion joint 6 located below the embedded waterstop 7. The grouting material can be one of non-curing rubber asphalt grout, elastic epoxy resin grout, polyurea grout, or liquid rubber grout. After the grouting is completed, the first sealing layer 9 is injected to form the first sealing layer 9 at the bottom of the expansion joint 6, preventing water from seeping out of the expansion joint 6.

[0040] Step 8: Install water collection box 10 below expansion joint 6 and cavity 4. Water collection box 10 is fixedly installed below cavity 4 and expansion joint 6 to collect leaked water. During the installation of water collection box 10, apply water-swellable polyurethane sealant between water collection box 10 and secondary lining layer 2. The sealant is embedded in the gap between water collection box 10 and secondary lining layer 2 to form a second sealing layer 11 to prevent water leakage. Drainage pipe is provided on water collection box 10 and connected to the tunnel drainage system for draining water accumulated in water collection box 10.

[0041] It should be noted that before the water receiving box 10 is installed, a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the secondary lining layer 2, the lower end of the expansion joint 6, and the lower surface of the filled cavity 4. The coating thickness is 2mm, and the coverage area extends 15cm outward from the cavity 4 area.

[0042] Step 9: Grouting is performed inside the pressure relief hole 5 to form a sealing layer 16 inside the pressure relief hole 5. After the grout solidifies inside the pressure relief hole 5, it is coated with quick-setting cement to make the coated surface flush with the original structure. Water-resistant cement-based grouting material can be used.

[0043] Furthermore, in step one, after drilling the pressure relief hole 5, a pressure relief pipe is inserted into the pressure relief hole 5. The pressure relief pipe is equipped with a valve. After the valve is opened, the seepage water in the base layer can be discharged through the pressure relief pipe to prevent water accumulation in the cavity 4. After the cavity 4 is treated, the pressure relief pipe is cut so that the lower end of the pressure relief pipe is flush with the lower end face of the secondary lining structure layer 2. Then, grout is injected into the pressure relief pipe to form a sealing layer 16.

[0044] Furthermore, in step six, sealant is applied to the upper surface edge of the template. After the template is fixedly set on the secondary lining structure layer, the sealant is used to seal between the template and the secondary lining structure layer.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A structure for treating voids in tunnel expansion joints, characterized in that, It includes a primary support structure layer (1), a secondary lining structure layer (2) is provided below the primary support structure layer (1), a first waterproof layer (3) is provided between the primary support structure layer (1) and the secondary lining structure layer (2), a cavity (4) is formed on the secondary lining structure layer (2), and multiple pressure relief holes (5) are opened on the secondary lining structure layer (2). The pressure relief holes (5) are located outside the cavity (4), and a sealing layer (16) is provided inside the pressure relief holes (5).

2. The tunnel expansion joint void treatment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple pressure relief holes (5) are evenly arranged around the cavity (4) along the circumferential direction. The distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes (5) is 50-100cm, and the diameter of the pressure relief hole (5) is 14mm.

3. The tunnel expansion joint void treatment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary lining structure layer (2) is provided with a deformation joint (6), the deformation joint (6) is connected to the cavity (4), the middle part of the deformation joint (6) is provided with a central embedded waterstop (7), and a back-adhesive waterstop (8) is provided between the deformation joint (6) and the first waterproof layer (3).

4. The tunnel expansion joint void treatment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the expansion joint (6) is provided with a first sealing layer (9) for sealing the expansion joint (6).

5. The tunnel expansion joint void treatment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A water collection box (10) is provided on the secondary lining structure layer (2). The water collection box (10) is located below the cavity (4) and the expansion joint (6). The water collection box (10) covers the cavity (4) and the expansion joint (6).

6. The tunnel expansion joint void treatment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second sealing layer (11) is provided between the water receiving box (10) and the secondary lining structure layer (2).

7. The tunnel expansion joint void treatment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second waterproof layer (17) is provided between the cavity (4) and the first waterproof layer (3).

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