Structure for reducing inlet wear of vertical centrifugal pump

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical centrifugal pump reduces the structure of the wear and tear of import, include: pump body, the pump body from bottom to top includes liquid inlet, mid -section cavity and connecting port in proper order, the fixedly connected with the pump cover in connecting port, the bottom of pump cover and be located in mid -section cavity insert the impeller with, the impeller is rotated and is connected with pump cover through bearing, the inside axle end of impeller buckled with impeller nut is used for fixing impeller on motor shaft, the inside ring surface of liquid inlet is evenly equipped with a plurality of baffle, and the liquid inlet upper end and the liquid inlet end of impeller are in the form of embedded and butt joint for reducing the gap between impeller and liquid inlet, the utility model relates to water pump technical field, through reducing the gap between the front cover of impeller and pump body, reduce the liquid loss of impeller without vice blade section and increase, make the flow velocity slow down, thereby slow down the wear and tear. Prevent the liquid flow rotation through the mode of adding baffle, and the form of oblique import seal, has reduced the wear and tear of medium particle in this position, has increased the service life of pump body and impeller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pump technology, and in particular to a structure for reducing inlet wear in vertical centrifugal pumps. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal pumps are widely used in the industrial field. In the chemical industry, they can transport chemical raw materials, acid and alkali solutions, etc.; in the petroleum industry, they are used for crude oil extraction, transportation and refined oil transportation; in the metallurgical industry, they are responsible for transporting cooling water and molten steel; and in the power industry, they are responsible for transporting boiler feedwater and circulating water.

[0003] Centrifugal pumps also play an important role in agriculture, urban construction, and other fields. In agriculture, they are used for farmland irrigation and drainage; in urban construction, they are used in water supply, drainage, and fire protection systems. In addition, in industries such as shipbuilding, environmental protection, and medicine, centrifugal pumps are used for ship water supply and drainage, wastewater treatment, and pharmaceutical delivery.

[0004] Compared to horizontal centrifugal pumps, vertical centrifugal pumps occupy less space, making them suitable for applications with limited installation space. The bottom of the pump body is immersed in liquid, allowing for self-priming without additional priming. The vertical shaft arrangement effectively prevents liquid leakage, ensuring good sealing and making it suitable for conveying toxic, flammable, and corrosive liquids. For these reasons, vertical centrifugal pumps are used in the chemical industry to transport various corrosive chemical raw materials; in wastewater treatment plants to treat sewage and sludge; in water supply systems of high-rise buildings to stably lift and transport water; and in the shipbuilding industry for bilge drainage and ballast water transport.

[0005] However, during use, vertical centrifugal pumps have the following drawbacks: the feed belt at the pump inlet rotates to some extent, accelerating wear at the pump inlet; the excessive gap between the impeller front cover and the pump body increases liquid loss in the impeller's bladeless section, leading to faster flow velocity and wear; and there are design flaws in the impeller and pump body design, causing high-pressure liquid leaking from the impeller outlet to flow at a 90° angle to the pump inlet flow, disrupting the liquid flow conditions at the impeller inlet and accelerating wear. These drawbacks lead to the aging of the centrifugal pump, increasing costs and causing unnecessary problems during use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a structure for reducing inlet wear of a vertical centrifugal pump, comprising: a pump body, which includes, from bottom to top, an inlet, a middle section cavity, and a connecting port. A pump cover is fixedly connected inside the connecting port. An impeller is inserted into the bottom of the pump cover and located within the middle section cavity. The impeller is rotatably connected to the pump cover via a bearing. An impeller nut is fastened to the internal shaft end of the impeller to fix the impeller to the motor shaft. A locking screw is screwed onto the bottom of the impeller nut. Several baffles are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the inlet. The upper end of the inlet is fitted into the inlet end of the impeller to reduce the gap between the impeller and the inlet.

[0007] Preferably, a self-lubricating bearing is provided between the liquid inlet and the liquid inlet end of the impeller, a first sealing gasket is provided at the upper end of the liquid inlet, the first sealing gasket seals the self-lubricating bearing from the top, and a second sealing gasket is provided at the liquid inlet end of the impeller, the second sealing gasket seals the self-lubricating bearing from the bottom.

[0008] Preferably, the self-lubricating bearing is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material and has a porous structure to adsorb lubricant.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid inlet end of the impeller is convex downwards, the liquid inlet is raised upwards and connected to the impeller, and the outer wall of the impeller blades is provided with several secondary blades, which are at an oblique angle toward the liquid inlet.

[0010] Preferably, in the front view of the impeller, the secondary blades are arranged in a spiral shape, and a gradually changing flow channel is provided between the secondary blades and the main blades to mitigate direct impact.

[0011] Preferably, a water flow sensor is installed inside the liquid inlet, a baffle is rotatably mounted inside the liquid inlet via a rotating shaft, and several motors are installed inside the liquid inlet. The motors are connected to the shaft end of the rotating shaft via a coupling to adjust the angle of the baffle.

[0012] Preferably, the water flow sensor is electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit automatically adjusts the motor speed according to the water flow velocity to dynamically control the baffle angle to adapt to fluid impact under different working conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the liquid inlet is fixedly connected to the filter sand cylinder via a flange, and the filter sand cylinder is provided with an inner spiral blade.

[0014] Preferably, the inner helical blades have a right-handed structure and are arranged along the liquid flow direction, with their starting end higher than their ending end, in order to mitigate the impact of sand particles and guide them to settle towards the bottom of the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the outer shell of the filter cylinder is made of stainless steel, and the cylinder wall is provided with a plurality of microporous filter screen structures, the micropore diameter being less than 0.5 mm, for trapping impurity particles. The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: 1. By reducing the gap between the impeller front cover plate and the pump body, the liquid loss of the impeller without auxiliary blades is reduced, the flow rate is slowed down, and thus wear is reduced.

[0016] 2. Improvements were made to the structure of the pump body and impeller; (1) Improve the sealing structure of the impeller inlet so that the high-pressure liquid leaking from the impeller outlet is in the same direction as the inlet flow of the pump; (2) Improve the pump body inlet and install a baffle to prevent the inlet liquid flow from rotating.

[0017] 3. By adding baffles to prevent liquid flow rotation, and with the inclined inlet seal, wear of media particles at this location is reduced, increasing the service life of the pump body and impeller. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label: In the diagram: 1. Pump body; 101. Inlet; 102. Intermediate cavity; 103. Connection port; 2. Pump cover; 3. Impeller; 4. Impeller nut; 5. Locking screw; 6. Baffle plate; 7. Self-lubricating bearing; 8. First sealing gasket; 9. Second sealing gasket; 10. Secondary blade; 11. Flow sensor; 12. Motor; 13. Coupling; 14. Filter cartridge; 15. Inner helical blade. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the vertical centrifugal pump to reduce inlet wear includes: a pump body, which from bottom to top includes an inlet, a middle section cavity, and a connecting port. A pump cover is fixedly connected inside the connecting port. An impeller is inserted into the bottom of the pump cover and located in the middle section cavity. The impeller is rotatably connected to the pump cover through a bearing. An impeller nut is fastened to the internal shaft end of the impeller to fix the impeller to the motor shaft. A locking screw is screwed on the bottom of the impeller nut. Several baffles are evenly arranged on the inner ring surface of the inlet. The upper end of the inlet is fitted into the inlet end of the impeller to reduce the gap between the impeller and the inlet.

[0026] Specifically, this embodiment minimizes the gap between the impeller front cover and the pump body by fitting the upper end of the inlet to the impeller inlet. This prevents turbulence or stagnation of the liquid before it enters the impeller due to excessive clearance. The uniform baffles inside the inlet suppress the rotational motion of the inlet liquid flow, slowing down the flow velocity before the liquid enters the impeller, thereby reducing wear caused by high-speed impact of the liquid on the impeller end face and the pump body inlet section.

[0027] Furthermore, during operation, this structure is suitable for working conditions where the medium contains particulate impurities, such as industrial wastewater and mineral slurry; the baffle can also be customized at an angle according to the direction of medium flow to improve wear resistance; and this structure can be used to retrofit old pump bodies to improve operational stability and service life.

[0028] Example 2: like Figure 2 As shown, a self-lubricating bearing is provided between the liquid inlet and the liquid inlet end of the impeller. A first sealing gasket is provided at the upper end of the liquid inlet, which seals the self-lubricating bearing from the top. A second sealing gasket is provided at the liquid inlet end of the impeller, which seals the self-lubricating bearing from the bottom.

[0029] The self-lubricating bearing is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and has a porous structure to absorb lubricant.

[0030] Specifically, this embodiment effectively reduces frictional losses between rotating parts by installing a PTFE self-lubricating bearing between the inlet and the impeller. Simultaneously, the upper and lower sealing gaskets ensure that the lubricating medium does not leak out, preventing premature bearing failure due to poor lubrication. The bearing's porous structure continuously absorbs and releases lubricant, achieving stable operation over a long period while preventing liquid from flowing out through gaps and causing wear.

[0031] Furthermore, this structure is particularly suitable for high-speed pumps, which can extend equipment maintenance cycles and reduce downtime caused by wear; it can also be extended to the transportation of corrosive fluids containing fine particles, adapting to more operating environments by using self-lubricating bearings made of different materials (such as PFA, PEEK, etc.).

[0032] Example 3: like Figure 3 As shown, the liquid inlet end of the impeller is convex downwards, and the liquid inlet is raised upwards and connected to the impeller. The outer wall of the impeller blades is provided with several secondary blades, which are at an oblique angle towards the liquid inlet.

[0033] In the front view of the impeller, the secondary blades are arranged in a spiral shape, and there is a gradually changing flow channel between the secondary blades and the main blades to mitigate direct impact.

[0034] Specifically, by designing the impeller inlet end to bulge downwards and the inlet port to bulge upwards to fit into it, a smooth liquid flow transition is facilitated, reducing turbulence at the front. The secondary blades act like guide vanes, and their arrangement towards the inlet forms a spiral guiding field, which can effectively mitigate the direct impact of high-speed fluid particles on the main blades and ensure that the fluid can pass normally through the inside of the impeller, rather than flowing out of the impeller without secondary blades, thereby reducing edge erosion caused by solid-liquid two-phase scouring.

[0035] Furthermore, this design is suitable for conveying highly erosive media such as quartz sand and coal slag; the angle and number of auxiliary blades can be customized according to specific working conditions to form an optimal flow field; and it can be combined with CFD simulation to optimize hydraulic performance and reduce energy consumption.

[0036] Example 4: like Figure 4 As shown, a water flow sensor is installed inside the liquid inlet, and a baffle is rotatably mounted inside the liquid inlet via a rotating shaft. Several motors are installed inside the liquid inlet, and the motors are connected to the shaft end of the rotating shaft via a coupling to adjust the angle of the baffle.

[0037] The water flow sensor is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit automatically adjusts the motor speed according to the water flow velocity to dynamically control the baffle angle to adapt to fluid impact under different working conditions.

[0038] Specifically, the system uses a water flow sensor to detect the inlet flow rate in real time, and the control unit drives the motor to adjust the baffle angle, thereby achieving dynamic control of the liquid flow rotation trend. When the flow rate increases and the impact of the medium intensifies, the system can automatically rotate the baffle to a more effective anti-vortex angle, reducing the scouring frequency of the vortex at the pump inlet and extending the service life of the components.

[0039] Furthermore, the system can be upgraded to an intelligent variable frequency control system to achieve adaptive adjustment of pump operating status; it is particularly suitable for scenarios with continuous operation under varying working conditions, such as urban water supply pumping stations, sewage lifting pumping stations, and mine slurry discharge systems; in the future, it can also be connected to an Internet of Things system to achieve remote early warning and maintenance.

[0040] Example 5: like Figure 5 As shown, the lower end of the liquid inlet is fixedly connected to the filter sand cylinder via a flange, and the filter sand cylinder is equipped with an inner spiral blade.

[0041] The inner helical blades have a right-handed structure and are arranged along the direction of liquid flow. Their starting end is higher than their ending end, which is used to reduce the impact of sand particles and guide them to settle to the bottom of the cylinder.

[0042] The outer shell of the filter cylinder is made of stainless steel, and the cylinder wall is provided with several microporous filter screen structures with a micropore diameter of less than 0.5 mm, which are used to trap impurity particles.

[0043] Specifically, the filter cartridge is located below the liquid inlet. Large sand particles are guided to the bottom of the cartridge by internal right-handed spiral blades, preventing them from entering the impeller area with the liquid and causing erosion. A microporous filter screen is installed on the cartridge wall to block fine solid particles, effectively improving filtration accuracy and reducing the risk of wear at the source. The spiral flow guide design also enables sand separation without significantly affecting the flow rate.

[0044] Furthermore, it is suitable for vertical pump applications involving the extraction of sandy groundwater, river water, or mine tailings; the filter cartridge design is modular, facilitating regular replacement and cleaning; the microporous filter screen can also be selected with different pore sizes or corrosion-resistant materials (such as titanium alloy mesh) to adapt to different field needs, such as farmland irrigation and drainage, and the petrochemical industry. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "center," "top," "bottom," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "inner side," and "outer side," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. "Inner side" refers to the interior or enclosed area or space. "Outer perimeter" refers to the area surrounding a specific component or specific area.

[0045] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "assembly" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that "-" and "~" represent a range of two numerical values, and this range includes the endpoints. For example, "AB" represents a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B. "A~B" represents a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B.

[0049] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A structure for reducing inlet wear in a vertical centrifugal pump, characterized in that, include: The pump body (1) includes, from bottom to top, an inlet (101), a middle section cavity (102), and a connection port (103). A pump cover (2) is fixedly connected inside the connection port (103). An impeller (3) is inserted into the bottom of the pump cover (2) and inside the middle section cavity (102). The impeller (3) is rotatably connected to the pump cover (2) through a bearing. An impeller nut (4) is fastened to the inner shaft end of the impeller (3) to fix the impeller (3) to the motor shaft. A locking screw (5) is screwed on the bottom of the impeller (3) nut. Several partitions (6) are evenly arranged on the inner ring surface of the inlet (101). The upper end of the inlet (101) is fitted with the inlet end of the impeller (3) to reduce the gap between the impeller (3) and the inlet (101).

2. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: A self-lubricating bearing (7) is provided between the liquid inlet (101) and the liquid inlet end of the impeller (3). A first sealing washer (8) is provided at the upper end of the liquid inlet (101), and the first sealing washer (8) seals the self-lubricating bearing (7) from the top. A second sealing washer (9) is provided at the liquid inlet end of the impeller (3), and the second sealing washer (9) seals the self-lubricating bearing (7) from the bottom.

3. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-lubricating bearing (7) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and has a porous structure to adsorb lubricant.

4. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet end of the impeller (3) is convex downwards, and the inlet port (101) is convex upwards and connected to the impeller (3). The outer wall of the blades of the impeller (3) is provided with several secondary blades (10), and the secondary blades (10) are at an oblique angle toward the inlet port (101).

5. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the main view of the impeller (3), the secondary blades (10) are spirally distributed, and a gradual flow channel is provided between the secondary blades (10) and the main blades to mitigate direct impact.

6. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water flow sensor (11) is installed inside the liquid inlet (101). The partition (6) is rotatably installed inside the liquid inlet (101) via a rotating shaft. Several motors (12) are installed inside the liquid inlet (101). The motors (12) are connected to the shaft end of the rotating shaft via a coupling (13) to adjust the angle of the partition (6).

7. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water flow sensor (11) is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit automatically adjusts the speed of the motor (12) according to the water flow speed to dynamically control the angle of the partition (6) to adapt to the fluid impact under different working conditions.

8. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the inlet (101) is fixedly connected to the filter sand cylinder (14) via a flange, and the filter sand cylinder (14) is provided with an inner spiral blade (15).

9. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner helical blade (15) has a right-handed structure and is set along the direction of liquid flow. Its starting end is higher than its ending end, which is used to reduce the impact of sand particles and guide them to sink to the bottom of the cylinder.

10. The structure for reducing inlet wear of the vertical centrifugal pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer shell of the filter cylinder (14) is made of stainless steel, and the cylinder wall is provided with several microporous filter structures with a micropore diameter of less than 0.5 mm, which are used to trap impurity particles.

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