Hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of harvesting machine hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox, specifically in the field of transmission, including shell, the shell inner cavity is sequentially provided with differential, two shaft gear shaft, one shaft gear shaft, four-wheel drive driving shaft and four-wheel drive driven shaft from top to bottom, speed change mechanism is equipped between each axle rod;Multiple gears of different sizes are equipped on one shaft gear shaft and two shaft gear shaft, power is distributed to front and rear axle by differential internal components by differential corresponding axle rod through gear meshing, corresponding gear on two shaft gear shaft is engaged with corresponding gear of one shaft gear shaft. The utility model simplifies four-wheel drive gearbox structure, and power output of gearbox is more stable and uniform by hydraulic drive, reduces the number of parts, reduces production and maintenance cost, increases reliability and durability;Vehicle can maintain high transmission efficiency, fast response and strong reliability under different road conditions, has strong traction adhesion ability, strong passability and strong climbing performance and the like advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of transmission technology, and more specifically, to a hydraulic four-wheel drive transmission for a harvester. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the agricultural machinery industry, the demand for high-power gearboxes is increasing year by year. As a crucial component of mechanical transmission, the gearbox changes the gear ratio between the engine and drive wheels, enabling the vehicle to operate under different road conditions and allowing the engine to operate at its optimal state. A four-wheel drive gearbox refers to a type of gearbox that can simultaneously provide power output to the front and rear axles of a vehicle, aiming to improve the vehicle's passability and adaptability to different road conditions. Hydraulic drive technology has advantages such as smooth power output and high control precision, making it suitable for applications in harsh road conditions such as muddy field operations, slopes, and fieldwork.

[0003] Traditional four-wheel drive transmissions mostly employ a mechanical structure, containing numerous gears and mechanical connecting parts. This not only increases the transmission's weight but also makes its structure complex and maintenance costs high. Furthermore, traditional transmissions have slow response times when switching drive modes, making them difficult to adapt to rapidly changing road conditions.

[0004] The prior art discloses a patent with publication number CN210519483U entitled "A Four-Wheel Drive Gearbox Assembly for a 6-7 Ton Harvesting Machine". This solution includes a transfer gearbox with four-wheel drive, which can adapt to the harsh harvesting environment. The transfer gearbox is located on top of the gearbox assembly, and the power output is in the middle of the corn harvester, which is beneficial to the overall layout of the corn harvesting machine and makes the whole machine structure more compact.

[0005] While existing mechanical four-wheel drive transmissions can provide high power output, their structure is not well integrated with hydraulic transmission systems. This means that the performance of four-wheel drive transmissions still has room for improvement in special road conditions, such as muddy fields, slopes, and harsh terrain. Therefore, there is a persistent demand in the transmission field for a four-wheel drive transmission that is structurally simplified, lightweight, responsive, and widely adaptable.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems and needs, a novel four-wheel drive transmission design is proposed, aiming to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a more efficient and reliable hydraulic four-wheel drive transmission solution. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of this utility model provide a hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for harvesters. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to improve the problems of insufficient power of hydraulic gearbox and complex structure of mechanical gearbox.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester, comprising a housing, wherein a differential, a second-shaft gear shaft, a first-shaft gear shaft, a four-wheel drive drive shaft, and a four-wheel drive driven shaft are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the inner cavity of the housing, and a transmission mechanism is provided between each shaft; The first and second gear shafts are equipped with multiple gears of different sizes. Through gear meshing, the power is distributed to the front and rear axles via the corresponding shaft of the differential and the internal components of the differential. The corresponding gear on the second gear shaft meshes with the corresponding gear on the first gear shaft to transmit different gear speeds. The gear shaft is configured as an input shaft, and a motor connector is externally connected to the gear shaft. The motor connector is located outside the housing, and the gear shaft is connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor through the motor connector.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the two-axis gear shaft, the one-axis gear shaft, and the four-wheel drive drive shaft are all arranged parallel to the shaft corresponding to the differential, and the four-wheel drive passive shaft is arranged perpendicular to the four-wheel drive drive shaft. The differential, the second-axis gear shaft, the four-wheel drive passive shaft, the first-axis gear shaft, and the four-wheel drive drive shaft are all provided with shaft connectors at their connection points with the housing.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the differential includes a differential housing, a planetary gear mechanism, and a side gear; the transmission mechanism includes gear seats, gear sleeves, and gears corresponding to each shaft; the differential ensures that power can be evenly distributed among the four wheels and adapts to uneven terrain.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the gear transmission mechanism corresponding to the gear shaft is configured as a three-speed drive gear, which is located inside the housing cavity.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the gear transmission mechanism corresponding to the two-axis gear shaft includes, from left to right, a third-speed driven gear, a meshing gear seat, a second-speed driven gear, a first-speed driven gear, and a four-wheel drive spur gear. The meshing gear seat is fitted with a meshing gear sleeve on its outer side, wherein the third-speed driven gear meshes with the third-speed drive gear for transmission.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism corresponding to the four-wheel drive drive shaft includes a four-wheel drive passive spur gear and a four-wheel drive drive bevel gear; the four-wheel drive passive bevel gear is provided at one end of the four-wheel drive passive shaft that extends into the inner cavity of the housing, wherein the four-wheel drive passive bevel gear meshes with the four-wheel drive drive bevel gear for transmission.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a four-wheel drive flange is provided at one end of the four-wheel drive passive shaft extending out of the housing.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model simplifies the structure of the four-wheel drive gearbox, and makes the power output of the gearbox more stable and uniform through hydraulic drive, reducing the number of parts, reducing production and maintenance costs, and increasing reliability and durability. 2. The floating connection shifting mechanism adopted in this utility model makes the gearbox shifting smoother, reduces noise, and improves the driving experience; 3. The reinforced differential and four-wheel drive separation mechanism in this utility model enhance the vehicle's adaptability to various road conditions, increase safety, and are especially suitable for driving in complex terrain environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the two-axis gear shaft structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gear shaft of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the four-wheel drive drive shaft and the four-wheel drive passive shaft of this utility model.

[0020] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1 First gear shaft, 2 Third drive gear, 3 Third driven gear, 4 Meshing gear sleeve, 5 Meshing gear seat, 6 Second driven gear, 7 Second shaft gear shaft, 8 First driven gear, 9 Fourth drive drive spur gear, 10 Fourth drive driven spur gear, 11 Fourth drive drive shaft, 12 Fourth drive drive bevel gear, 13 Fourth drive driven bevel gear, 14 Fourth drive driven shaft, 15 Fourth drive flange, 16 Housing, 17 Motor connector, 18 Differential. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] This utility model provides, for example Figures 1-4 The hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester shown includes a housing 16. Inside the housing 16, a differential 18, a second-shaft gear shaft 7, a first-shaft gear shaft 1, a four-wheel drive drive shaft 11, and a four-wheel drive driven shaft 14 are arranged from top to bottom. A transmission mechanism is provided between each shaft. Multiple gears of different sizes are provided on the first gear shaft 1 and the second gear shaft 7. Through gear meshing, power is distributed to the front and rear axles via the corresponding shaft of the differential 18 and the internal components of the differential 18. The corresponding gear on the second gear shaft 7 meshes with the corresponding gear on the first gear shaft 1 to transmit different gear speeds. The connection between the second gear shaft 7 and the third driven gear 3, the second driven gear 6 and the first driven gear 8 adopts a floating connection method. This method makes the meshing between gears more precise, reduces noise and improves smoothness. The first gear shaft 1 is set as the input shaft. The first gear shaft 1 is externally connected to the motor connector 17. The motor connector 17 is located outside the housing 16. The first gear shaft 1 is connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor through the motor connector 17. The second-axis gear shaft 7, the first-axis gear shaft 1, and the four-wheel drive drive shaft 11 are all arranged parallel to the shafts corresponding to the differential 18, and the four-wheel drive driven shaft 14 is arranged perpendicular to the four-wheel drive drive shaft 11. Shaft connectors are provided at the connection points between the differential 18, the second-axis gear shaft 7, the four-wheel drive driven shaft 14, the first-axis gear shaft 1, and the four-wheel drive drive shaft 11 and the housing 16. The differential 18 includes a differential housing, a planetary gear mechanism, and side gears. The transmission mechanism includes gear seats, gear sleeves, and gears corresponding to each shaft. The differential 18 ensures that power is evenly distributed to the four wheels and adapts to uneven terrain. It is used by the driver to operate the gear lever to select and switch different transmission ratios to adapt to changes in driving conditions. The gear transmission mechanism corresponding to the first gear shaft 1 is set as a three-speed drive gear 2, which is located in the inner cavity of the housing 16; the gear transmission mechanism corresponding to the second gear shaft 7 includes, from left to right, a three-speed driven gear 3, a meshing gear seat 5, a second-speed driven gear 6, a first-speed driven gear 8, and a four-wheel drive drive spur gear 9. A meshing gear sleeve 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the meshing gear seat 5, wherein the third-speed driven gear 3 meshes with the third-speed drive gear 2 for transmission; the gear transmission mechanism corresponding to the four-wheel drive drive shaft 11 includes a four-wheel drive driven spur gear 10 and a four-wheel drive drive bevel gear 12; a four-wheel drive driven bevel gear 13 is provided at one end of the four-wheel drive driven shaft 14 that extends into the inner cavity of the housing 16, wherein the four-wheel drive driven bevel gear 13 meshes with the four-wheel drive drive bevel gear 12 for transmission; a four-wheel drive flange 15 is provided at one end of the four-wheel drive driven shaft 14 that extends out of the housing 16.

[0023] The specific implementation method is as follows: the differential 18, corresponding shaft, second shaft gear shaft 7, first shaft gear shaft 1, four-wheel drive drive shaft 11, and four-wheel drive driven shaft 14 are used to cooperate with the gears, splines, and gear seats of the transmission mechanism. The splines are connected to the hydraulic motor via the motor connector 17 to transmit power. The first shaft gear shaft 1 and the third-speed driven gear 3, second-speed driven gear 6, and first-speed driven gear 8 on the second shaft gear shaft 7 form three pairs of gear sets to realize first, second, and third gear shifting. The second shaft gear shaft 7 uses two sets of gear hub and gear sleeve components for shifting, and also uses a brake with a braking method. The second shaft gear shaft 7 also drives the third shaft and four-wheel drive drive shaft 11 components to realize power splitting. Among them, the third shaft component includes the differential 18 and the corresponding left and right drive shafts of the differential 18, thereby driving the two end reduction gears to output power. The four-wheel drive drive component is equipped with a four-wheel drive separation mechanism, which realizes the reversal of power through a pair of bevel gears and realizes the four-wheel drive power output through the connecting plate. This four-wheel drive transmission uses a combination of hydraulic motor and gear structure. The hydraulic power has good handling and a simplified structure. At the same time, by reducing the number of parts, the overall weight and cost are effectively reduced, and the reliability and durability of the transmission are enhanced. The main purpose is to ensure the transmission of driving force and the adjustment of vehicle power performance under different road conditions. The housing 16 is made of a material with a certain strength and rigidity, and is used to install and fix all internal components and protect the internal components from the influence of the external environment; The first gear shaft 1 serves as a transmission shaft connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor, receiving power from the engine; the three-speed drive gear 2 on the first gear shaft 1 meshes with the three-speed driven gear 3, the second-speed driven gear 6, and the first-speed driven gear 8 to achieve different transmission ratios. The working principle of this transmission is as follows: When the driver operates the gear lever, the transmission mechanism selectively engages different gears on the gear shaft and output shaft according to the driver's needs, thereby changing the transmission ratio between the gears and realizing the change or reversal of vehicle speed; the differential device can cope with the problem of wheel speed difference when the vehicle is turning, ensuring stable vehicle driving. Specific Implementation Example 1: When the driver selects first gear, the transmission mechanism engages the third gear drive gear 2 corresponding to the first gear shaft 1 with the first gear driven gear 8 on the second gear shaft 7 through the meshing tooth seat 5 and meshing tooth sleeve 4. At the same time, the differential 18 ensures that the power can be evenly distributed to the four wheels, which is suitable for low-speed, high-torque vehicle starting and climbing. Specific Implementation Example 2: When the driver selects second gear, the transmission mechanism adjusts the gear meshing combination to increase the speed ratio between the gear on the first gear shaft 1 and the gear on the second gear shaft 7 (by the meshing of the third gear drive gear 2 and the second gear driven gear 6), which is used for low-speed driving of the vehicle on relatively smooth roads. Specific Implementation Example 3: When the driver selects high-speed driving, the transmission mechanism selects high-speed large gear engagement (at this time, the third-speed drive gear 2 and the third-speed driven gear 3 are engaged), so that when the vehicle is driving at high speed and stable road conditions, the engine can output more power at a lower speed, reduce fuel consumption, and improve economy.

[0024] In all implementations, the four-wheel drive transmission needs to achieve high transmission efficiency, sensitive response, and strong reliability, adapting to different road conditions and driving needs. At the same time, ease of maintenance and long service life are important factors considered in the design.

[0025] Working principle of this utility model: The transmission working principle of this product is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, when the meshing sleeve 4 moves to the left, the gearbox is in third gear (the transmission principle of other gears is the same). The hydraulic motor drives the first gear shaft 1 to rotate through the spline sleeve corresponding to the first gear shaft 1 via the motor connecting seat 17. At this time, the motion transmission sequence drives the rotation of the third gear drive gear 2 through the first gear shaft 1. Through the meshing transmission of the third gear drive gear 2 and the third gear driven gear 3, and through the combination of the meshing sleeve 4 and the meshing seat 5, it drives the rotation of the second gear shaft 7. At this time, the four-wheel drive drive spur gear 9 follows the rotation of the second gear shaft 7 and meshes with the four-wheel drive driven spur gear 10. Then, through the rotation of the four-wheel drive drive shaft 11, the four-wheel drive drive bevel gear 12 and the four-wheel drive driven bevel gear 13 mesh to drive the rotation of the four-wheel drive driven shaft 14. At this time, the rear drive axle is driven by the four-wheel drive flange 15 through the universal joint. The four-wheel drive ratio can be adjusted by changing the number of teeth of the four-wheel drive active spur gear 9, the four-wheel drive passive spur gear 10, the four-wheel drive active bevel gear 12, and the four-wheel drive passive bevel gear 13 to meet the manufacturer's requirements for different four-wheel drive ratios; adjusting the four-wheel drive ratio is simpler; the four-wheel drive active spur gear 9 is directly connected to the second shaft gear shaft 7 through a spline, making this four-wheel drive active shaft easier to assemble and maintain.

[0026] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester, comprising a housing (16), characterized in that: The housing (16) contains, from top to bottom, a differential (18), a two-axis gear shaft (7), a one-axis gear shaft (1), a four-wheel drive drive shaft (11), and a four-wheel drive passive shaft (14), with a transmission mechanism between each shaft. The first shaft gear shaft (1) and the second shaft gear shaft (7) are provided with multiple gears of different sizes. Through gear meshing, the power is distributed to the front and rear axles via the corresponding shaft of the differential (18) through the internal components of the differential (18). The corresponding gear on the second shaft gear shaft (7) meshes with the corresponding gear on the first shaft gear shaft (1). The gear shaft (1) is set as the input shaft. The gear shaft (1) is connected to a motor connector (17). The motor connector (17) is located outside the housing (16). The gear shaft (1) is connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor through the motor connector (17).

2. The hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-axis gear shaft (7), the one-axis gear shaft (1) and the four-wheel drive drive shaft (11) are all arranged parallel to the shaft corresponding to the differential (18), and the four-wheel drive passive shaft (14) is arranged perpendicular to the four-wheel drive drive shaft (11). The differential (18), the two-axis gear shaft (7), the four-wheel drive passive shaft (14), the one-axis gear shaft (1) and the four-wheel drive active shaft (11) are all provided with shaft connectors at the connection points with the housing (16).

3. The hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential (18) includes a differential housing, a planetary gear mechanism and a side gear, and the transmission mechanism includes gear seats, gear sleeves and gears corresponding to each shaft.

4. A hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear transmission mechanism corresponding to the gear shaft (1) is set as a three-speed drive gear (2), which is located in the inner cavity of the housing (16).

5. A hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear transmission mechanism on the two-axis gear shaft (7) includes, from left to right, a third-speed driven gear (3), a meshing gear seat (5), a second-speed driven gear (6), a first-speed driven gear (8), and a four-wheel drive spur gear (9). The meshing gear seat (5) is fitted with a meshing gear sleeve (4) on its outer side. The third-speed driven gear (3) meshes with the third-speed drive gear (2) for transmission.

6. A hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism corresponding to the four-wheel drive drive shaft (11) includes a four-wheel drive passive spur gear (10) and a four-wheel drive active bevel gear (12); the four-wheel drive passive shaft (14) extends into the inner cavity of the housing (16) and is provided with a four-wheel drive passive bevel gear (13), wherein the four-wheel drive passive bevel gear (13) meshes with the four-wheel drive active bevel gear (12) for transmission.

7. A hydraulic four-wheel drive gearbox for a harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four-wheel drive passive shaft (14) has a four-wheel drive flange (15) at one end of the housing (16).

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