Air purification assembly and air purifier

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air purification assembly and air purifier, air purification assembly includes base material and discoloration layer, and is equipped with discoloration layer on the surface of at least partial base material, wherein, discoloration layer is the modified photocatalyst layer. According to the air purification assembly of the utility model, through setting the modified photocatalyst layer as discoloration layer on base material, the sensitivity of the modified photocatalyst layer to light makes the discoloration layer change color, to increase the perceptible characteristic of air purification assembly, improve the use experience of user to air purification assembly, and simple structure is favorable to promote the production efficiency of air purification assembly, reduce the preparation cost of air purification assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air purifier technology, and in particular to an air purification component and an air purifier. Background Technology

[0002] Air purifiers typically purify indoor air through mechanisms such as mechanical interception, chemical reactions, and catalytic decomposition. Core filtration components in air purifiers include pleated filters, carbon-coated meshes, porous honeycomb structures, and membrane materials. Related technologies often integrate various sensors, such as pressure sensors and pollutant concentration sensors, into the machine structure to enhance interaction between the air purifier and the consumer. However, the use of sensors increases the structural complexity of air purifiers and consequently raises their operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide an air purification component that utilizes the light sensitivity of a modified photocatalyst layer to cause a color-changing layer to change color, thereby increasing the perceptible characteristics of the air purification component and improving the user experience.

[0004] Another objective of this invention is to provide an air purifier.

[0005] An air purification component according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a substrate; a color-changing layer, wherein the color-changing layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate, and wherein the color-changing layer is a modified photocatalyst layer.

[0006] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the air purification component uses a modified photocatalyst layer as a color-changing layer on the substrate. By utilizing the light sensitivity of the modified photocatalyst layer, the color of the color-changing layer changes, thereby increasing the perceptible characteristics of the air purification component, improving the user experience, and having a simple structure, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the air purification component and reducing the manufacturing cost of the air purification component.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate includes a plurality of substrate layers arranged sequentially along the thickness direction, and the color-changing layer is at least one, wherein the color-changing layer is disposed on at least one side of the substrate in the thickness direction.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate includes at least one of meltblown material substrate, activated carbon, nonwoven fabric, sponge, ceramic, porous microspheres and membrane.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is the meltblown material substrate, the substrate includes a windward surface, and at least a portion of the color-changing layer is disposed on the windward surface of the substrate.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the color-changing layer is D1, wherein D1 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D1≤1000μm; and / or, the ratio of the surface area of ​​the color-changing layer to the surface area of ​​the substrate is 0.001~1.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is activated carbon, and the color-changing layer is provided on the inner wall of the pores of the activated carbon.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the porosity of the activated carbon is α, wherein α satisfies: 50%≤α≤99%.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is ceramic, and the thickness of the color-changing layer on the ceramic is D2, wherein D2 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D2≤1μm.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the porosity of the ceramic is β, wherein β satisfies: 50%≤β≤99%.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is a non-woven fabric, and the surface of the fiber structure of the non-woven fabric is provided with the color-changing layer, the thickness of the color-changing layer is D3, wherein D3 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D3≤1μm.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is a sponge, and the surface of the pore structure of the sponge is provided with the color-changing layer, the thickness of the color-changing layer is D4, wherein D4 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D4≤1μm.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is a porous microsphere, the porous microsphere contains the color-changing layer in its pore structure, and the mass ratio of the color-changing layer to the mass of the porous microsphere is m, wherein m satisfies: 0.001≤m≤0.5.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is a film, the surface of the film is provided with the color-changing layer, and the thickness of the color-changing layer is D5, wherein D5 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D5≤1μm.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the membrane is a porous membrane with a pore structure and / or a solid membrane without a pore structure.

[0020] An air purifier according to a second aspect of the present invention includes: an air purification component according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an air purification component according to an embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the substrate is the meltblown material substrate; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an air purification component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein only the upper half of the air purification component with a color-changing layer changes color when exposed to sunlight; Figure 3 It refers to the change in the absorption band of the modified photocatalyst for visible light before and after excitation; Figure 4 The air purification component according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model has a toluene removal effect in both the normal state (white) and the excited state (blue). Figure 5 This is the process flow of the air purification component according to an embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the substrate is non-woven fabric.

[0023] Figure label: 100: Air purification components; 1: Substrate; 11: Substrate layer; 2: Color-changing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is for reference. Figures 1-5 An air purification component 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0025] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the air purification component 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a substrate 1 and a color-changing layer 2.

[0026] Specifically, at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 1 is provided with a color-changing layer 2, wherein the color-changing layer 2 is a modified photocatalyst layer. The substrate 1 is the core carrier of the air purification component 100, and its material, structure and performance directly determine the filtration efficiency, applicable scenarios and service life.

[0027] For example, in Figure 1In the example, a color-changing layer 2 is provided on the surface of the substrate 1. The color change of the color-changing layer 2 increases the perceptible characteristics of the air purification component 100, thereby improving the user experience of the air purification component 100. The color-changing layer 2 is a modified photocatalyst layer. The modified photocatalyst undergoes energy level transitions after absorbing light energy, producing a noticeable color change on the one hand, and enhancing the ability of the modified photocatalyst layer to generate active oxygen substances, thus improving the purification capacity. As a result, the user can judge the working status of the air purification component 100 by the color change.

[0028] The modified photocatalyst layer can absorb certain wavelengths of light, thus macroscopically exhibiting a color change. For example, the obvious color change of the color-changing layer 2 can allow the air purification component 100 to switch between white and blue-green in a state perceptible to the human eye. No specific limitations are made here.

[0029] Therefore, the color-changing layer 2 increases the interactivity between the air purification component 100 and the user. The structure is simple, which helps to improve the production efficiency of the air purification component 100 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the air purification component 100.

[0030] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the air purification component 100 uses a modified photocatalyst layer as a color-changing layer 2 on the substrate 1. By utilizing the light sensitivity of the modified photocatalyst layer, the color-changing layer 2 changes color, thereby increasing the perceptible characteristics of the air purification component 100, improving the user experience of the air purification component 100, and the structure is simple, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the air purification component 100 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the air purification component 100.

[0031] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figure 1 The substrate 1 includes components along the thickness direction (e.g., Figure 1 Multiple substrate layers 11 are sequentially arranged in the front-to-back direction of the substrate 1, and at least one color-changing layer 2 is provided on at least one side of the substrate 1 in the thickness direction. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more. The substrate 1 may include two, three, or five substrate layers 11. No specific limitation is made here. The multiple substrate layers 11 are stacked sequentially to form the substrate 1, and the color-changing layer 2 may be provided on one side of the substrate 1 in the thickness direction; or, the color-changing layer 2 may be provided on both sides of the substrate 1 in the thickness direction.

[0032] In addition, a color-changing layer 2 can be provided between adjacent substrate layers 11 to enhance the purification capacity of the air purification component 100 by utilizing the ability of the modified photocatalyst layer of the color-changing layer 2 to generate active oxygen substances.

[0033] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the substrate 1 includes at least one of the following: meltblown material substrate 1, activated carbon, nonwoven fabric, sponge, ceramic, porous microspheres, and membrane. The meltblown material substrate 1 provides high-efficiency filtration (intercepting PM2.5 and bacteria) using ultrafine fibers. Activated carbon is a porous carbon material formed by the activation treatment of carbon-containing materials (such as wood, coconut shells, and coal). It has numerous pore structures (micropores, mesopores, and macropores) and a high specific surface area, giving it a strong adsorption capacity and allowing for reusability, thus extending its service life. The nonwoven fabric forms a loose three-dimensional network structure between its fibers, offering advantages of high flux and low resistance during purification. The sponge achieves purification through its three-dimensional porous network structure, is easy to clean, reusable, and helps extend the service life of the air purification component. Ceramic is resistant to high temperatures and chemical corrosion (except hydrofluoric acid), and its rigid structure supports backwashing regeneration, allowing for reusability and reducing costs. Porous microspheres offer advantages such as high specific surface area and high selectivity for filtration, resulting in good purification effects. The membrane exhibits selective permeability, resulting in high purification precision. Consequently, the air purification component 100 employing the aforementioned substrate 1 possesses strong purification capabilities, easily meeting user needs.

[0034] According to the first embodiment of this utility model, the substrate 1 is a meltblown material substrate 1, and the substrate 1 includes a windward surface, with at least a portion of the color-changing layer 2 disposed on the windward surface of the substrate 1. The placement of the color-changing layer 2 on the windward surface of the substrate 1 facilitates the contact between the color-changing layer 2 and light, thereby ensuring sufficient color change of the color-changing layer 2 and allowing users to observe and interactively perceive the color change effect. Simultaneously, air first passes through the color-changing layer 2 and then is blown away from the windward surface of the substrate 1 in a direction away from the windward surface.

[0035] Furthermore, the thickness of the color-changing layer 2 is D1, where D1 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D1≤1000μm. Therefore, the thickness of the color-changing layer 2 is reasonable, which facilitates its air purification function and reduces the influence of the substrate layer 11's color on the color of the color-changing layer 2. This makes it easier for users to perceive the color change of the color-changing layer 2, allowing them to understand the current status of the air purification component 100.

[0036] The ratio of the surface area of ​​the color-changing layer 2 to the surface area of ​​the substrate 1 is 0.001 to 1. Therefore, the area of ​​the color-changing layer 2 on the surface of the substrate 1 is relatively reasonable, which is conducive to giving full play to the purification function, ensuring the color-changing area of ​​the color-changing layer 2, making the color change of the color-changing layer 2 highly recognizable, visually eye-catching, and easy for users to see directly.

[0037] According to two embodiments of this utility model, the substrate 1 is activated carbon, and a color-changing layer 2 is provided on the inner wall of the pores of the activated carbon. By providing the color-changing layer 2 in the pores of the activated carbon, the presence of the color-changing layer 2 on the activated carbon is increased, thereby facilitating the full utilization of the function of the color-changing layer 2. Specifically, the color-changing layer 2 can be uniformly distributed in the pores of the activated carbon by methods such as ultrasonic-assisted impregnation or gradient concentration solution wetting.

[0038] Furthermore, the porosity of the activated carbon is α, where α satisfies: 50% ≤ α ≤ 99%. Porosity refers to the proportion of pore volume to the total volume of the activated carbon. The reasonable porosity of the activated carbon ensures the adsorption capacity of the substrate 1, which is beneficial for improving the purification effect of the air purification component 100, while also making the pores suitable for setting a color-changing layer 2 on the inner wall.

[0039] According to the third embodiment of this utility model, the substrate 1 is ceramic, and the thickness of the color-changing layer 2 on the ceramic is D2, wherein D2 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D2≤1μm. Therefore, the thickness of the color-changing layer 2 on the ceramic is relatively reasonable, allowing the color-changing layer 2 to be stably and reliably disposed on the surface of the ceramic, and facilitating the air purification function of the color-changing layer 2. Simultaneously, ensuring a reasonable thickness of the color-changing layer 2 reduces the influence of the color of the substrate layer 11 on the color of the color-changing layer 2, thereby making it easier for users to perceive the color change of the color-changing layer 2 and understand the current status of the air purification component 100.

[0040] Furthermore, the porosity of the ceramic is β, where β satisfies: 50%≤β≤99%. This setting makes the porosity of the ceramic more reasonable, providing more adsorption sites and a stronger total capacity for adsorbate, thereby improving the purification capacity of the air purification component 100.

[0041] According to the fourth embodiment of this utility model, the substrate 1 is a non-woven fabric, and a color-changing layer 2 is provided on the surface of the fiber structure of the non-woven fabric. The thickness of the color-changing layer 2 is D3, wherein D3 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D3≤1μm. By setting a color-changing layer 2 of appropriate thickness on the fiber surface of the non-woven fabric, the purification capacity of the air purification component 100 is improved, and the user can understand and judge the working status of the air purification component 100 by the color change of the color-changing layer 2.

[0042] According to the fifth embodiment of this utility model, the substrate 1 is a sponge, and a color-changing layer 2 is provided on the surface of the sponge's porous structure. The thickness of the color-changing layer 2 is D4, wherein D4 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D4≤1μm. The thickness of the color-changing layer 2 on the surface of the sponge's porous structure is reasonable, which is beneficial to improving the purification capacity of the air purification component 100, while also allowing users to understand and judge the working status of the air purification component 100 through the color change of the color-changing layer 2.

[0043] According to the sixth embodiment of this utility model, the substrate 1 is a porous microsphere, and the porous microsphere contains a color-changing layer 2 in its pore structure. The mass ratio of the color-changing layer 2 to the mass of the porous microsphere is m, where m satisfies: 0.001 ≤ m ≤ 0.5. The mass of the color-changing layer 2 in the pore structure of the porous microsphere is reasonably determined, which is beneficial to fully utilizing the function of the color-changing layer 2 while avoiding the color-changing layer 2 from clogging the pore structure of the porous microsphere and affecting the purification effect of the porous microsphere, thus ensuring the normal use of the substrate 1.

[0044] According to the seventh embodiment of this utility model, the substrate 1 is a membrane, and a color-changing layer 2 is provided on the surface of the membrane. The thickness of the color-changing layer 2 is D5, wherein D5 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D5≤1μm. The thickness of the color-changing layer 2 provided on the membrane surface is reasonable, which is conducive to giving full play to the functions of the membrane and the color-changing layer 2, avoiding the color-changing layer 2 from affecting the use of the membrane, and at the same time avoiding the color of the membrane from interfering with the recognition of the color change of the color-changing layer 2.

[0045] Furthermore, the membrane can be a porous membrane with a porous structure or a solid membrane without a porous structure. Among them, porous membranes with a porous structure (such as microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes, etc.) are used as substrate 1. They possess a precisely controllable pore structure (pore size, distribution, connectivity) and high selective permeability, resulting in high purification efficiency and ease of operation. Solid membranes (non-porous membranes, also known as dense membranes) are used as the purification medium. Through the principle of molecular-level selective permeation, molecules with strong affinity (such as polar molecules and polar membranes) diffuse more rapidly within the membrane. Therefore, selecting porous membranes with a porous structure and / or solid membranes without a porous structure as substrate 1 is beneficial for improving the purification efficiency and precision of substrate 1 for air.

[0046] An air purifier (not shown) according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: an air purification component 100 according to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention described above.

[0047] The air purifier according to the present invention, by employing the above-mentioned air purification component 100, improves the purification effect of the air purifier and enhances its reusability, thereby extending its service life.

[0048] The modified photocatalyst layer can be transition metal oxide nanoparticles prepared by a modified grafting process. These transition metal oxide nanoparticles can be tungsten oxide nanoparticles, bismuth oxide nanoparticles, cerium oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, nickel oxide nanoparticles, manganese dioxide nanoparticles, copper oxide nanoparticles, or iron oxide nanoparticles. No specific limitations are specified here.

[0049] The size of the aforementioned transition metal oxide nanoparticles ranges from 0.1 nm to 20 nm.

[0050] For example, the aforementioned modified grafting process refers to the doping of electron donor materials during the synthesis of modified photocatalyst layers.

[0051] This application innovatively utilizes electron-donating materials to modify photocatalysts. The electron-donating materials are compounds containing functional groups with high electron cloud density, including but not limited to polyvinylpyrrolidone, polycarboxylic acid compounds, polysulfonic acid compounds, polyphosphoric acid compounds, anionic surfactants, and organosilanes.

[0052] Specifically, during photoexcitation, these electron donors prevent electrons from rapidly returning to the ground state after photoexcitation, prolonging the relaxation time and thus extending the excited state of the photocatalyst. This results in the excited photocatalyst absorbing the red (632 nm) and infrared (973 nm) portions of the visible light spectrum, thus exhibiting a blue-green color (see...). Figure 2 and Figure 3 On the other hand, the extended duration of the excited state improves the catalytic decomposition efficiency of the photocatalyst. Figure 4 ) and antibacterial rate (see Table 1).

[0053] Example 1 Aqueous dispersions of tungsten oxide nanoparticles were prepared using a hydrothermal method. By controlling parameters such as material content, temperature, and pressure during the preparation process, tungsten oxide nanoparticle clusters were obtained. These clusters were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, showing diameters ranging from 7 nm to 13 nm. The solid content was 10 wt%.

[0054] Polyvinylpyrrolidone was dissolved in the above dispersion by water bath heating and stirring, acidified with HCl solution, and aged for a certain period of time; then a certain amount of zinc nitrate salt was added to the above dispersion and mixed thoroughly, with the zinc ion content accounting for 1 / 10 of the tungsten atom content, to obtain a doped and modified tungsten oxide nanoparticle dispersion.

[0055] The modified dispersion was partially loaded onto a white porous ceramic sponge by impregnation coating, dried to obtain an air purification component 100, and then tested. The dried air purification component 100 was white.

[0056] The air purification component 100 described above was subjected to the following tests: When the air purification component 100 (modified tungsten oxide nanoparticle porous ceramic sponge) is exposed to sunlight, it changes from white to blue within 5 seconds. When the blue air purification component 100 is moved to a dark room, the blue color does not disappear for at least 30 minutes (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown).

[0057] (2) The white air purification component 100 in Example 1 was placed in a suspension culture of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The microorganisms were cultured by shaking according to GB 21551.2 standard, and the change in the number of microorganisms after 24 h was investigated.

[0058] After the white air purification component 100 in Example 1 turned blue after being exposed to sunlight for 10 minutes, it was placed in a suspension culture of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The microorganisms were cultured by shaking according to GB 21551.2 standard, and the change in the number of microorganisms after 24 hours was observed.

[0059] The logarithmic inactivation efficiency (logarithm to base 10) of the air purification component 100 without exposure to sunlight for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is approximately 1-2, i.e., 90% to 99%; the logarithmic inactivation efficiency (logarithm to base 10) of the air purification component 100 after exposure to sunlight for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is greater than 4, i.e., greater than 99.99%. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1. Antibacterial efficiency of air purification component 100

[0061] Porous ceramic sponges without modified tungsten oxide nanoparticles showed no inactivation efficiency against the aforementioned microorganisms.

[0062] Photocatalysts generate reactive oxygen species upon exposure to light, thus effectively inactivating microorganisms. Modified tungsten oxide nanoparticles, after light irradiation, maintain their excited state for a longer period, exhibit higher activity, and demonstrate a more effective inactivation of microorganisms.

[0063] Example 2 Following CN114940896A, an aqueous dispersion of tungsten oxide nanoparticles was prepared using the sol-gel method. By controlling parameters such as material content, temperature, and pressure during the preparation process, tungsten oxide nanoparticle clusters were obtained. The clusters were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, showing a diameter of 7 nm–13 nm. The solid content was 10 wt%.

[0064] Polyvinylpyrrolidone was dissolved in the above dispersion by water bath heating and stirring, acidified with HCl solution, and aged for a certain period of time; then a certain amount of zinc nitrate salt was added to the above dispersion and mixed thoroughly, with the zinc ion content accounting for 1 / 10 of the tungsten atom content, to obtain a doped and modified tungsten oxide nanoparticle dispersion.

[0065] The modified dispersion is applied to the surface of HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Material) material by spraying to form an air purification component 100. The air purification component 100 is white and has an area of ​​0.6 square meters.

[0066] Place the white air purification component 100 at 3m 3 Toluene was injected into a sealed chamber and its concentration was controlled at 200 ppm. The fan was turned on and the circulation air volume was adjusted to 150 CMH. The change in toluene concentration in the sealed chamber was then monitored.

[0067] Place the white air purifier component 100 in direct sunlight for 30 minutes until it turns blue. Then place the blue air purifier component 100 in a 3m... 3 Toluene was injected into a sealed chamber and its concentration was controlled at 200 ppm. The fan was turned on and the airflow was adjusted to 150 CMH. The change in toluene concentration in the sealed chamber was then monitored.

[0068] The above test results were plotted on Figure 4 The results show that the air purification component 100 excited by sunlight has a higher efficiency in removing toluene than the air purification component 100 in its normal, unexcited state.

[0069] Example 3 Aqueous dispersions of tungsten oxide nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method, as described in CN114940896A. Tungsten oxide nanoparticle clusters were obtained by controlling parameters such as material content, temperature, and pressure during the preparation process. The clusters were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, showing a diameter of 7 nm to 13 nm. The solid content was 10 wt%.

[0070] 1g of sodium dodecyl sulfonate was dissolved in the above dispersion using a water bath heating and stirring method. The solution was then acidified with HCl and aged for a certain period. Next, a certain amount of copper nitrate was added to the dispersion and thoroughly mixed. The copper ion content was 1 / 1000 of the tungsten atom content, resulting in a doped and modified tungsten oxide nanoparticle dispersion. A silane coupling agent KH550 and a crosslinking agent diisocyanate were added to the dispersion, and after uniform dispersion, it was ready for use. The above dispersion was applied to the surface of a transparent PET base film with adhesive backing by slit coating, dried and then rolled up to obtain an air purification component 100 with a coating thickness of 10 μm.

[0071] An air purification component 100 measuring 10cm x 10cm was attached to a transparent, sealed acrylic box with a volume of 30L. 10ppm of formaldehyde was injected into the box, and then it was placed in sunlight. After 30 minutes, the formaldehyde content inside the box was tested and found to be 1.5ppm.

[0072] In comparison, a piece of ordinary PET film measuring 10cm×10cm was attached to a transparent, sealed acrylic box with a volume of 30L. 10ppm of formaldehyde was injected into the box, and it was then placed in sunlight. After 30 minutes, the formaldehyde content inside the box was tested and found to be 7.6ppm.

[0073] The air purification component 100 containing modified tungsten oxide nanoparticle dispersion has a higher formaldehyde removal efficiency in enclosed environments under sunlight.

[0074] Example 4 Bismuth oxide nanoparticle aqueous dispersions were prepared using a hydrothermal method. By controlling parameters such as material content, temperature, and pressure during the preparation process, bismuth oxide nanoparticle clusters were obtained. The clusters were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, and the thickness of individual bismuth oxide nanosheets ranged from 2 nm to 7 nm. The solid content was 7 wt%.

[0075] Polyethylene glycol (Mw approximately 400 Da) was dissolved in the above dispersion by water bath heating and stirring. The dispersion was then acidified with HCl solution and aged for a certain period of time. A certain amount of zinc chloride salt was then added to the above dispersion and mixed thoroughly. The zinc ion content accounted for 1 / 50 of the bismuth atom content, thus obtaining a doped and modified bismuth oxide nanoparticle dispersion.

[0076] Referring to Examples 1-3, an air purification component 100 was prepared by selecting any substrate 1 and a color-changing layer 2 of bismuth oxide nanoparticle clusters to test that bismuth oxide nanoparticles also have a significant color-changing effect and photocatalytic activity after being exposed to light.

[0077] Similarly, transition metal oxide nanoclusters with multi-layered electronic structures (including d-electron layers, f-electron layers, etc.) and their dispersions (such as tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, cerium oxide, titanium dioxide, nickel oxide, manganese dioxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, etc.) all possess the above-mentioned properties.

[0078] Example 5 A nano-tungsten oxide cluster raw material solution was prepared according to Example 4. The solid content of the raw material solution was 5 wt%. Figure 5 The method described above involves a continuous process of impregnation-coating-drying to manufacture PET nonwoven framework material loaded with color-changing nano-tungsten oxide clusters. The PET nonwoven framework has a basis weight of 30 gsm to 40 gsm. The wound-dried composite framework is then combined with filter media with a filtration efficiency of H12. This combination refers to a manufacturing process that bonds two or more layers of nonwoven filter media into a single layer using a two-roll hot rolling process. The combined material is then processed through folding, gluing, and other techniques to prepare an air purification component 100. This air purification component 100 can be cylindrical or flat. The surface loaded with tungsten oxide clusters is the windward side.

[0079] The aforementioned air purification component 100 appears white in the absence of indoor light. Its air-facing surface exhibits inactivation efficiencies of 96% for Escherichia coli and 93% for Staphylococcus aureus. The air purification component 100 turned blue after being exposed to sunlight outdoors for 3 minutes. Its windward side showed inactivation efficiencies of 99.99% and 99.99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. After placing the air purification component 100 indoors in darkness for 8 hours, the blue color gradually faded. The next day, after being exposed to sunlight again for 3 minutes, it turned blue again. Its windward side showed inactivation efficiencies of 99.99% and 99.99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. After repeating this process at least 10 times, the antibacterial effect of its windward side showed no significant change.

[0080] Example 6 A nano-tungsten oxide cluster raw material solution was prepared according to Example 4. The solution was spray-dried to obtain catalyst powder at a drying temperature greater than 130°C. The powder was mixed with ceramic powder, resulting in a catalyst powder content of 2 wt%. The mixed powder was placed in a mold and sintered under high temperature and pressure to obtain an air purification component 100. The air purification component 100 exhibits a blue color after irradiation with ultraviolet-visible light and possesses antibacterial properties greater than 99.99%.

[0081] Similarly, an air purification component 100 with dimensions of 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm was placed in a closed chamber with a volume of 30 L and 100 ppm of formaldehyde was introduced. Under sunlight, the formaldehyde concentration in the chamber was continuously monitored. After 30 minutes, the formaldehyde removal rate was 85%. Under the same conditions, the formaldehyde removal rate of an ordinary ceramic block without tungsten oxide clusters was only 8%.

[0082] Comparative Example 1 Aqueous dispersions of tungsten oxide nanoparticles were prepared using a hydrothermal method. By controlling parameters such as material content, temperature, and pressure during the preparation process, tungsten oxide nanoparticle clusters were obtained. The clusters were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, showing a diameter of 70 nm–100 nm. The solid content was 10 wt%.

[0083] Polyvinylpyrrolidone was dissolved in the above dispersion by water bath heating and stirring, acidified with HCl solution, and aged for a certain period of time; then a certain amount of zinc nitrate salt was added to the above dispersion and mixed thoroughly, with the zinc ion content accounting for 1 / 10 of the tungsten atom content, to obtain a doped and modified tungsten oxide nanoparticle dispersion.

[0084] The modified dispersion was loaded onto a white porous ceramic sponge by impregnation coating, and then dried for testing. The dried ceramic sponge was white.

[0085] When porous ceramic sponges loaded with modified tungsten oxide nanoparticles were exposed to sunlight, no obvious discoloration was observed.

[0086] Comparative Example 2 Aqueous dispersions of tungsten oxide nanoparticles were prepared using a hydrothermal method. By controlling parameters such as material content, temperature, and pressure during the preparation process, tungsten oxide nanoparticle clusters were obtained. The clusters were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, showing diameters ranging from 7 nm to 13 nm. The solid content was 10 wt%.

[0087] The dispersion was loaded onto a white porous ceramic sponge by impregnation and coating, and then dried for testing. The dried ceramic sponge was white.

[0088] When a porous ceramic sponge loaded with tungsten oxide nanoparticles is exposed to sunlight, it turns an almost invisible light blue color that disappears within seconds.

[0089] Other components and operations of the air purification components and air purifiers according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0090] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0091] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0093] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air purification component, characterized in that, include: Substrate; A color-changing layer is provided on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate, wherein the color-changing layer is a modified photocatalyst layer.

2. The air purification component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate includes a plurality of substrate layers arranged sequentially along the thickness direction, and the color-changing layer is at least one, which is disposed on at least one side of the substrate in the thickness direction.

3. The air purification component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate includes at least one of meltblown material substrate, activated carbon, nonwoven fabric, sponge, ceramic, porous microspheres and membrane.

4. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is the meltblown material substrate, and the substrate includes a windward surface, with at least a portion of the color-changing layer disposed on the windward surface of the substrate.

5. The air purification component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the color-changing layer is D1, wherein D1 satisfies: 0.01μm ≤ D1 ≤ 1000μm; and / or, The ratio of the surface area of ​​the color-changing layer to the surface area of ​​the substrate is 0.001 to 1.

6. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is the activated carbon, and the color-changing layer is provided on the inner wall of the pores of the activated carbon.

7. The air purification component according to claim 6, characterized in that, The porosity of the activated carbon is α, wherein α satisfies: 50% ≤ α ≤ 99%.

8. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is ceramic, and the thickness of the color-changing layer on the ceramic is D2, wherein D2 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D2≤1μm.

9. The air purification component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The porosity of the ceramic is β, wherein β satisfies: 50%≤β≤99%.

10. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is a nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric has a color-changing layer on its fiber structure surface. The thickness of the color-changing layer is D3, wherein D3 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D3≤1μm.

11. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is a sponge, and the surface of the sponge's porous structure is provided with the color-changing layer. The thickness of the color-changing layer is D4, wherein D4 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D4≤1μm.

12. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is a porous microsphere, and the porous microsphere contains the color-changing layer in its pore structure. The mass ratio of the color-changing layer to the mass of the porous microsphere is m, wherein m satisfies: 0.001≤m≤0.

5.

13. The air purification component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate is a film, and the surface of the film is provided with the color-changing layer. The thickness of the color-changing layer is D5, wherein D5 satisfies: 0.01μm≤D5≤1μm.

14. The air purification component according to claim 13, characterized in that, The membrane is a porous membrane with a porous structure and / or a solid membrane without a porous structure.

15. An air purifier, characterized in that, include: The air purification component according to any one of claims 1-14.

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