Air conditioner and controller

Abstract

The utility model relates to air conditioning technical field more specifically, the utility model relates to an air conditioner, include: casing, fan, outlet temperature sensor, electric heater, solid state relay and controller, casing is provided with air outlet and air inlet, and air inlet and air outlet intercommunication form air duct, fan sets up in the air duct, is used for blowing out the air after heat exchanger heat exchange from air outlet, outlet temperature sensor sets up at air outlet, electric heater sets up in casing, solid state relay's input end electricity is connected in power supply, and solid state relay's output end electricity is connected in electric heater, controller includes microcontroller module and drive module, and microcontroller module electricity is connected in fan, outlet temperature sensor and drive module, one end of drive module electricity is connected in microcontroller module, and the other end electricity is connected in solid state relay, is used for driving solid state relay conduction or cut-off, adjusts the input voltage of electric heater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and more specifically, to an air conditioner and a controller. Background Technology

[0002] In existing air conditioning technology, the power control of electric heaters usually adopts a simple on / off switch, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in outlet air temperature and air volume.

[0003] In traditional solutions, electric heaters can only be turned on at full power or completely turned off, without the ability to dynamically adjust output power according to user needs or environmental conditions. When users want to reduce heating intensity, they can only achieve a step-down by turning off some heating elements, which causes drastic fluctuations in the outlet temperature and a significant decrease in comfort. At the same time, the fixed power output mode results in a large amount of energy waste under low-load conditions.

[0004] While there are some existing solutions for controlling electric heaters, most of them are based on feedback of a single parameter, such as temperature or humidity, and cannot simultaneously consider the impact of airflow changes on the outlet air temperature, resulting in limited control accuracy and response speed. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model solves, to at least a certain extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, this application aims to provide an air conditioner and controller that, by introducing a dual feedback mechanism of temperature and air volume, combined with the phase angle control or zero-crossing triggering technology of a solid-state relay (SSR), achieves dynamic and continuous adjustment of the power of the electric heater.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an air conditioner, including a housing, a fan, an outlet air temperature sensor, an electric heater, a solid-state relay, and a controller;

[0008] The casing is provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are connected to form an air duct;

[0009] A fan is installed in the air duct to blow the air that has been heated by the heat exchanger out from the air outlet;

[0010] The air outlet temperature sensor is located at the air outlet.

[0011] The electric heater is located inside the housing;

[0012] The input terminal of the solid-state relay is electrically connected to the power supply, and the output terminal of the solid-state relay is electrically connected to the electric heater;

[0013] The controller includes a microcontroller module and a driver module;

[0014] The microcontroller module is electrically connected to the fan, the outlet air temperature sensor, and the drive module.

[0015] One end of the drive module is electrically connected to the microcontroller module, and the other end of the drive module is electrically connected to the solid-state relay, used to drive the solid-state relay to turn on or off, so as to adjust the input voltage of the electric heater.

[0016] The technical solution introduces a dual feedback mechanism for temperature and airflow, combined with phase angle control or zero-crossing triggering technology of solid-state relays (SSRs), to achieve dynamic and continuous adjustment of the electric heater power. Compared with traditional on / off control, this solution can adjust the electric heater power in real time according to changes in outlet air temperature and airflow, ensuring the stability of outlet air temperature under different airflow speeds and avoiding temperature fluctuations caused by changes in airflow.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the microcontroller module includes a first comparison unit, a second comparison unit, a third comparison unit, and a PID controller;

[0018] The input terminal of the first comparison unit is electrically connected to the outlet air temperature sensor to compare the actual outlet air temperature with the preset outlet air temperature. The output terminal of the first comparison unit outputs a first difference signal.

[0019] The input terminal of the second comparison unit is electrically connected to the fan and is used to compare the actual air volume with the preset air volume. The output terminal of the second comparison unit outputs a second difference signal.

[0020] The input of the third comparison unit is electrically connected to the output of the second comparator, and is used to compare the second difference signal with a preset threshold and output a selection control signal.

[0021] The first input terminal of the PID controller is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first comparison unit, the second input terminal of the PID controller is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparison unit, the third input terminal of the PID controller is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparison unit, and the output terminal of the PID controller is electrically connected to the drive unit.

[0022] In this technical solution, a collaborative architecture of a three-level comparison unit and a PID controller is used to dynamically select either temperature or airflow signal as the dominant control variable to drive the solid-state relay to turn on or off, thereby adjusting the power of the electric heater. The first comparison unit monitors the difference between the actual and preset outlet air temperature in real time. The second comparison unit detects the difference between the actual and preset airflow. The third comparison unit performs a threshold judgment on the airflow difference to determine the dominant control variable. The PID controller integrates these difference signals and adjusts the conduction time of the solid-state relay through phase angle control or zero-crossing triggering, thereby dynamically adjusting the input voltage and power of the electric heater and enhancing the air conditioner's responsiveness.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the controller further includes a temperature sampling module;

[0024] The temperature sampling module is electrically connected between the outlet air temperature sensor and the microcontroller module, and is used to receive the actual outlet air temperature signal from the outlet air temperature sensor for voltage division and filtering.

[0025] In the technical solution, the outlet air temperature sensor signal is subjected to voltage division and filtering by a temperature sampling module, which solves the problem of mismatch between the original outlet air temperature signal of the sensor and the input voltage range of the microcontroller. At the same time, it filters out environmental noise interference, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the actual outlet air temperature signal, providing a reliable data foundation for dual closed-loop control, and avoiding power misadjustment caused by signal distortion.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the controller further includes:

[0027] An air volume sampling module is electrically connected between the fan and the microcontroller module, and is used to detect the real-time current of the fan and generate the actual air volume signal.

[0028] In the technical solution, the fan current is detected in real time by the air volume sampling module and converted into an air volume signal, which solves the problem of the difficulty of direct air volume measurement. The current-air volume mapping relationship is used to provide actual air volume feedback to the microcontroller, ensuring the accuracy and real-time performance of air volume parameters in the dual closed-loop control, and providing key data support for the power pre-adjustment mechanism.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, the air volume sampling module includes a sampling resistor, an operational amplifier, and a filter circuit;

[0030] The sampling resistor is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the fan;

[0031] The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the bias voltage through a voltage divider resistor, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the sampling resistor.

[0032] The filter circuit is connected between the output of the operational amplifier and the microcontroller module.

[0033] In the technical solution, the fan current signal is converted into a standard voltage signal through the coordinated design of sampling resistor, operational amplifier and filter circuit: sampling resistor realizes current-to-voltage conversion, operational amplifier adapts the microcontroller input range and amplifies the effective signal through bias voltage division, and filter circuit suppresses high frequency interference. The three work together to ensure the linearity and anti-interference of the actual air volume feedback signal, and provide a stable and reliable air volume parameter source for dual closed-loop control.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, a feedback resistor is connected in parallel between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier to adjust the signal amplification factor.

[0035] In the technical solution, by connecting a feedback resistor in parallel between the inverting input and output of the operational amplifier, the amplification factor of the current sampling signal is adjusted to ensure that the maximum current of the fan corresponds to the maximum recognizable voltage of the microcontroller. This solves the signal amplitude adaptation problem and avoids measurement distortion caused by signal overload or insufficiency. From a hardware perspective, this ensures the matching degree between the air volume feedback signal and the system control requirements.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, a circuit breaker is also included;

[0037] The circuit breaker is electrically connected between the power supply and the input terminal of the solid-state relay, and is used to cut off the circuit path from the power supply to the solid-state relay in the event of current overload or short circuit.

[0038] In the technical solution, a circuit breaker is installed between the power supply and the solid-state relay to build a main circuit-level safety protection mechanism. In the event of current overload or short circuit, the power supply path is directly cut off, which effectively prevents the risk of overheating under abnormal operating conditions of the electric heater. This ensures the reliability of the system from the hardware level and avoids equipment damage or safety hazards caused by electrical faults.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the solid-state relay is a bidirectional thyristor relay.

[0040] In the technical solution, a bidirectional thyristor-type solid-state relay is used. The conduction time of the solid-state relay can be adjusted by phase angle control or zero-crossing triggering, thereby realizing continuous adjustment of the power of the electric heater. Phase angle control controls the power by adjusting the conduction start point within the AC cycle, while zero-crossing triggering conducts when the voltage crosses zero to reduce current surges. Both can achieve efficient and stable power output regulation.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the electric heater is a metal wire electric heater.

[0042] In the technical solution, the metal wire electric heater is used to give full play to its constant resistance characteristics and the compatibility with the phase angle control technology of solid-state relay. In the AC power supply environment, the power can be continuously controlled directly through voltage regulation, which solves the inherent defect of traditional metal wire electric heaters that can only be turned on and off.

[0043] In addition, this application also provides a controller, including a microcontroller module and a driver module;

[0044] The microcontroller module is electrically connected to the air conditioner's fan and the air outlet temperature sensor.

[0045] The drive module has one end electrically connected to the microcontroller module and the other end electrically connected to the solid-state relay of the air conditioner;

[0046] In this device, the solid-state relay of the air conditioner is electrically connected to the electric heater, and the drive module is used to drive the solid-state relay to turn on or off in order to adjust the input voltage of the electric heater. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an on / off switch electric heating control structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microcontroller module structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature acquisition module structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air volume acquisition structure according to the embodiments of this application.

[0052] In the above figures:

[0053] 1. Housing; 2. Fan; 3. Outlet air temperature sensor; 4. Microcontroller module; 41. First comparison unit; 42. Second comparison unit; 43. Third comparison unit; 44. PID controller; 5. Drive module; 6. Solid state relay; 7. Electric heater; 8. Temperature sampling module; 9. Air volume sampling module; 10. Circuit breaker. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "level," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the following, embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an on / off switch-type electric heating control structure, for reference only. Figure 1 In the existing technology, the power control of electric heaters usually adopts a simple on-off switch. The step power output of the electric heater is achieved by turning the switch relay on or off, which cannot dynamically and continuously adjust the power of the electric heater.

[0059] When users want to reduce the heating intensity, they can only achieve a step-by-step reduction by turning off some heating elements. This causes drastic fluctuations in the air outlet temperature, significantly reducing comfort. At the same time, the fixed power output mode generates a large amount of energy waste under low load conditions.

[0060] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an air conditioner that can achieve continuous dynamic adjustment of the electric heater power. This air conditioner should be able to control the power output of the electric heater according to the actual outlet air temperature and air volume requirements in order to maintain the stability of the outlet air temperature, optimize energy use under different load conditions, reduce unnecessary energy waste, thereby improving user comfort and energy utilization efficiency.

[0061] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an air conditioner.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 The air conditioner includes a housing 1 and a fan 2, an outlet air temperature sensor 3, an electric heater 7, a solid-state relay 6 and a controller installed inside the housing 1.

[0063] The casing 1 is provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet and air outlet are connected to form an air duct.

[0064] Fan 2 is installed in the air duct and is used to blow the air that has been heated by the heat exchanger out from the air outlet.

[0065] The air outlet temperature sensor 3 is located at the air outlet and is used to detect the air outlet temperature and generate an air outlet temperature signal.

[0066] An electric heater 7 is installed inside the housing 1 to heat the air in the air duct, thereby increasing the air temperature at the outlet.

[0067] In some embodiments, the electric heater 7 may be one or more sets of wire electric heaters 7 connected in series.

[0068] The metal wire electric heater 7 has the characteristic of constant resistance, that is, after the maximum electric heating power is determined, the resistance value R does not change with time or temperature and remains constant.

[0069] Based on the power formula P=U2 / R, within the range not exceeding the maximum power of the electric heater 7, the power P of the electric heater 7 can be continuously changed by adjusting the electric heating input voltage U, thereby achieving continuous control of the electric heating power.

[0070] Solid-state relay 6 is housed within housing 1. Its input terminal is electrically connected to the power supply, and its output terminal is electrically connected to electric heater 7. The conduction time of solid-state relay 6 can be adjusted via phase angle control or zero-crossing triggering, thereby regulating the input voltage of electric heater 7.

[0071] In some embodiments, the solid-state relay 6 may be a bidirectional thyristor type relay.

[0072] In phase control mode, during the positive or negative half-cycle of the AC current, the solid-state relay 6 receives a 4-20mA current control signal and dynamically delays the turn-on time of the thyristor according to the magnitude of the current control signal. By intercepting part of the AC waveform, the average input voltage of the electric heater is changed, thereby realizing continuous adjustment of the power of the electric heater.

[0073] In zero-crossing trigger mode, the solid-state relay 6 only turns on or off when the AC voltage crosses zero. The solid-state relay 6 receives PWM signals, and its built-in zero-crossing detection circuit turns on the thyristor only when it detects a voltage zero-crossing, effectively avoiding electromagnetic interference caused by sudden current changes and ensuring smooth power regulation.

[0074] The controller is located inside the housing 1 and includes a microcontroller module 4 and a driver module 5.

[0075] The microcontroller module 4 is located inside the controller. The microcontroller module 4 is electrically connected to the fan 2, the outlet air temperature sensor 3 and the drive module 5. It is used to receive the outlet air temperature signal emitted by the outlet air temperature sensor 3 and the actual air volume signal obtained based on the real-time operating parameters of the fan 2, and output control signals to the drive module 5.

[0076] The drive module 5 is located inside the controller. One end of the drive module 5 is electrically connected to the microcontroller module 4 to receive the current control signal transmitted by the microcontroller and convert it into an electric drive signal.

[0077] The other end of the drive module 5 is electrically connected to the solid-state relay 6, which is used to transmit the electric drive signal to the solid-state relay 6 to drive the solid-state relay 6 to turn on or off, thereby adjusting the input voltage of the electric heater 7 and dynamically and continuously adjusting the power of the electric heater 7.

[0078] Reference Figure 3 The microcontroller module 4 includes a first comparison unit 41, a second comparison unit 42, a third comparison unit 43, and a PID controller 44.

[0079] The first comparison unit 41 is located in the microcontroller module 4. The input terminal of the first comparison unit 41 is electrically connected to the air outlet temperature sensor 3 and is used to compare the actual air outlet temperature with the preset air outlet temperature. The output terminal of the first comparison unit 41 outputs a first difference signal, namely a temperature difference signal.

[0080] The second comparison unit 42 is located in the microcontroller module 4. The input terminal of the second comparison unit 42 is electrically connected to the fan 2 and is used to compare the actual air volume with the preset air volume. The output terminal of the second comparison unit 42 outputs a second difference signal, namely the air volume difference signal.

[0081] The input terminal of the third comparison unit 43 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparator, and is used to compare the second difference signal with a preset threshold and output a selection control signal;

[0082] The first input terminal of the PID controller 44 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first comparison unit 41, the second input terminal of the PID controller 44 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparison unit 42, the third input terminal of the PID controller 44 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparison unit 43, and the output terminal of the PID controller 44 is electrically connected to the drive unit.

[0083] In some embodiments, the TIMSP430FR5994 chip can be used to implement the above-mentioned three-level comparison unit and PID control process.

[0084] The TIMSP430FR5994 features four analog comparators (COMP_E).

[0085] The first comparator COMP1, acting as the first comparison unit 41, receives the actual air outlet temperature signal and the preset temperature signal, and outputs the first difference signal, namely the air outlet temperature difference signal.

[0086] The second comparator COMP2, acting as the second comparison unit 42, receives the actual air volume signal and the preset air volume signal, and outputs the second difference signal, i.e., the air volume difference signal.

[0087] The third comparator COMP3, acting as the third comparison unit 43, compares the air volume difference signal with a preset threshold and outputs a selection control signal to the PID module.

[0088] In some embodiments, the preset threshold is set based on the system's sensitivity to airflow changes and the requirements of the actual application scenario. If the second difference signal, i.e., the airflow difference signal, is greater than the preset threshold, the dominant control variable is determined to be the second difference signal, i.e., the airflow difference signal; if the second difference signal, i.e., the airflow difference signal, is less than the preset threshold, the dominant control variable is determined to be the first difference signal, i.e., the outlet air temperature difference signal.

[0089] The PID controller 44 dynamically switches the input source according to the selection signal of COMP3.

[0090] If the dominant control variable is the second difference signal, i.e. the air volume difference signal, then when the second difference signal is positive, the PID controller 44 increases the control current signal to increase the electric heating output power; when the second difference signal is negative, the PID controller 44 decreases the control current signal to reduce the electric heating output power.

[0091] If the dominant control variable is the first difference signal, i.e. the outlet air temperature difference signal, then when the first difference signal is positive, the PID controller 44 increases the control current signal to increase the electric heating output power; when the first difference signal is negative, the PID controller 44 decreases the control current signal to reduce the electric heating output power.

[0092] Through three-level comparison and PID control, this air conditioner can drive a solid-state relay 6 to achieve dynamic and continuous adjustment of the electric heating power. On the one hand, the mechanism of prioritizing adjustment when the air volume difference exceeds the limit improves the system's response speed to sudden changes in air volume. On the other hand, temperature-dominated regulation ensures steady-state temperature accuracy, ultimately achieving stable control of the outlet temperature under different operating conditions, while optimizing energy consumption and improving the user experience.

[0093] It should be noted that the chip model of microcontroller module 4 is not limited to TIMSP430FR5994. Depending on the specific application requirements, cost budget and performance indicators, STM32F407VGT6 chip or NXP Kinetis KE06 chip can be selected to achieve the above control process.

[0094] In some embodiments, if a sudden interruption of airflow is detected, the solid-state relay 6 can quickly cut off the power supply to prevent the heater from overheating.

[0095] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The controller also includes a temperature sampling module 8.

[0096] The temperature sampling module 8 is electrically connected between the outlet air temperature sensor 3 and the microcontroller module 4, and is used to receive the actual outlet air temperature signal from the outlet air temperature sensor 3 for voltage division and filtering.

[0097] Reference Figure 4 The temperature sampling module 8 includes a resistor voltage divider network and a filter capacitor.

[0098] The temperature sampling module 8 is electrically connected to the outlet air temperature sensor 3 via terminal P1, and its output is electrically connected to the microcontroller module 4.

[0099] The temperature sampling module 8 includes a resistor divider network connected in series between the power supply and ground to divide the higher voltage signal detected by the outlet air temperature sensor 3 to a lower voltage level suitable for processing by the microcontroller module 4.

[0100] The resistor divider network consists of resistors R10 and R11, with R10 connected to the output terminal to output the divided voltage signal to the microcontroller module 4.

[0101] The temperature sampling module 8 includes a filter capacitor C4, which is connected in parallel with a resistor R10 to filter out high-frequency noise in the signal, ensuring the stability and smoothness of the output signal, thereby providing reliable temperature data for the microcontroller module 4.

[0102] By performing voltage division and filtering on the signal from the outlet air temperature sensor 3 through the temperature sampling module 8, the problem of mismatch between the original outlet air temperature signal of the outlet air temperature sensor 3 and the input voltage range of the microcontroller is solved. At the same time, environmental noise interference is filtered out to ensure the stability and accuracy of the actual outlet air temperature signal, providing a reliable data foundation for dual closed-loop control and avoiding power misadjustment caused by signal distortion.

[0103] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The controller also includes an air volume sampling module 9.

[0104] The air volume sampling module 9 is electrically connected between the fan 2 and the microcontroller module 4, and is used to detect the real-time current of the fan 2 and generate the actual air volume signal.

[0105] Reference Figure 5 The air volume sampling module 9 includes a sampling resistor, an operational amplifier, and a filter circuit.

[0106] The air volume sampling module 9 includes a sampling resistor R10, which is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the fan 2 to convert the real-time current of the fan 2 into a millivolt-level voltage signal.

[0107] The air volume sampling module 9 includes an operational amplifier U1. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the bias voltage through voltage divider resistors R5 and R6. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the sampling resistor R10. A feedback resistor is connected in parallel between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 to adjust the signal amplification factor, ensuring that the maximum current of the fan 2 corresponds to the maximum recognizable voltage of the microcontroller. This solves the signal amplitude adaptation problem and avoids measurement distortion caused by signal overload or insufficient signal.

[0108] The airflow sampling module 9 includes impedance matching resistors, which are positioned between the input terminal of operational amplifier U1 and the sampling resistor R10. These resistors include R1, R2, R3, and R4. The impedance matching resistors ensure the efficiency and accuracy of signal transmission between the input terminal of operational amplifier U1 and the sampling resistor R10. By matching appropriate resistor values, signal loss and interference during transmission can be reduced, improving signal integrity and reliability.

[0109] The airflow sampling module 9 includes a filtering circuit, which is connected between the output of the operational amplifier U1 and the microcontroller module 4. The filtering circuit consists of a filter resistor R9, a parallel filter capacitor C2, and a filter capacitor C3, and is used to filter out high-frequency harmonics in the drive, ensuring a smooth DC voltage signal is output to the microcontroller module 4.

[0110] The real-time changes in the current of fan 2 are captured by a sampling resistor and amplified by an operational amplifier to raise the voltage reference, thus solving the bottleneck that the microcontroller module 4 cannot directly read mV-level signals. Finally, the electromagnetic interference caused by the frequency converter drive is suppressed by the filter circuit, and a stable DC signal is output.

[0111] The airflow acquisition module overcomes the cost limitation of directly measuring airflow by requiring an additional wind speed sensor. It uses a current-airflow mapping model to provide real-time, low-noise airflow parameters for dual closed-loop control, ensuring the accuracy and real-time performance of airflow parameters in the dual closed-loop control and providing crucial data support for the power pre-adjustment mechanism. This allows the system to pre-adjust heating power when the user switches fan speed settings, avoiding the sudden temperature changes inherent in traditional solutions.

[0112] Reference Figure 2 The air conditioner is also equipped with a circuit breaker 10.

[0113] Circuit breaker 10 is connected between the power supply and the input terminal of solid-state relay 6, and is used to cut off the circuit path from the power supply to solid-state relay 6 in the event of current overload or short circuit.

[0114] Circuit breaker 10 ensures a rapid response in the event of a failure in solid-state relay 6 or electric heater 7, preventing the fault from escalating and avoiding potential fires or other safety accidents.

[0115] Furthermore, circuit breaker 10 helps prevent equipment damage caused by current surges, improving the reliability and durability of the entire air conditioning system. After the current returns to normal, circuit breaker 10 can be manually or automatically reset to restore power to the circuit, allowing the air conditioner to continue operating normally. This enhances the safety of the air conditioner during use, reduces maintenance costs, and extends the equipment's lifespan.

[0116] In addition, this application also provides a controller, including a microcontroller module 4 and a driver module 5;

[0117] Microcontroller module 4 is electrically connected to the air conditioner fan 2 and the air conditioner outlet temperature sensor 3;

[0118] The drive module 5 has one end electrically connected to the microcontroller module 4 and the other end electrically connected to the solid-state relay 6 of the air conditioner;

[0119] The solid-state relay 6 of the air conditioner is electrically connected to the electric heater 7. The drive module 5 is used to drive the solid-state relay 6 to turn on or off in order to adjust the input voltage of the electric heater 7.

[0120] In summary, this invention constructs a dual closed-loop control system for temperature and airflow, combined with the phase angle control or zero-crossing triggering characteristics of the solid-state relay 6, to achieve dynamic and continuous adjustment of the air conditioner's electric heating power based on changes in airflow and outlet temperature. Compared to traditional on / off control, this solution solves the temperature fluctuation problem caused by discontinuous power adjustment, improves response speed and control accuracy, and saves energy while optimizing the user experience.

[0121] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0122] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An air conditioner, characterized in that, include: The casing has an air outlet and an air inlet, and the air inlet and air outlet are connected to form an air duct; A fan, installed inside the air duct, is used to blow the air that has been heated by the heat exchanger out from the air outlet; An air outlet temperature sensor is located at the air outlet. An electric heater is disposed inside the housing; A solid-state relay, the input terminal of which is electrically connected to a power supply, and the output terminal of which is electrically connected to the electric heater; The controller includes: The microcontroller module is electrically connected to the fan, the outlet air temperature sensor, and the drive module; The drive module, with one end electrically connected to the microcontroller module and the other end electrically connected to the solid-state relay, is used to drive the solid-state relay to turn on or off, so as to adjust the input voltage of the electric heater.

2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller module includes: The first comparison unit has its input terminal electrically connected to the outlet air temperature sensor, and is used to compare the actual outlet air temperature with the preset outlet air temperature. The output terminal of the first comparison unit outputs a first difference signal. The second comparison unit has its input terminal electrically connected to the fan and is used to compare the actual air volume with the preset air volume. The output terminal of the second comparison unit outputs a second difference signal. The third comparison unit has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparator, and is used to compare the second difference signal with a preset threshold and output a selection control signal. The PID controller has a first input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the first comparison unit, a second input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the second comparison unit, a third input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparison unit, and an output terminal electrically connected to the drive unit.

3. The air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller also includes: The temperature sampling module is electrically connected between the outlet air temperature sensor and the microcontroller module, and is used to receive the actual outlet air temperature signal from the outlet air temperature sensor and perform voltage division and filtering.

4. The air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller also includes: An air volume sampling module is electrically connected between the fan and the microcontroller module, and is used to detect the real-time current of the fan and generate the actual air volume signal.

5. The air conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air volume sampling module includes: A sampling resistor is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the fan; An operational amplifier, whose positive input terminal is connected to a bias voltage via a voltage divider resistor, and whose inverting input terminal is connected to the sampling resistor; A filter circuit is connected between the output of the operational amplifier and the microcontroller module.

6. The air conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that, A feedback resistor is connected in parallel between the inverting input and output of the operational amplifier to adjust the signal amplification factor.

7. The air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A circuit breaker, electrically connected between the power supply and the input terminal of the solid-state relay, is used to cut off the circuit path from the power supply to the solid-state relay in the event of current overload or short circuit.

8. The air conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid-state relay is a bidirectional thyristor type relay.

9. The air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric heater is a metal wire electric heater.

10. A controller, characterized in that, include: The microcontroller module is electrically connected to the air conditioner's fan and the air outlet temperature sensor. The drive module has one end electrically connected to the microcontroller module and the other end electrically connected to the solid-state relay of the air conditioner; In this device, the solid-state relay of the air conditioner is electrically connected to the electric heater, and the drive module is used to drive the solid-state relay to turn on or off in order to adjust the input voltage of the electric heater.

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