A crude oil heating device with a self-contained waste heat cascade high-efficiency utilization internal combustion engine heat pump

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crude oil heating device of internal combustion engine heat pump with residual heat cascade efficient utilization, including internal combustion engine, compressor, evaporimeter, first stage condensing heat exchanger, secondary reheating heat exchanger, flue gas waste heat recovery ware, heat source circulating pump, waste heat circulating pump, the internal combustion engine, compressor, evaporimeter, first stage condensing heat exchanger combination into internal combustion engine heat pump, internal combustion engine direct connection compressor, through the circulation formed by heat source circulating pump and evaporimeter, the internal combustion engine, flue gas waste heat recovery ware, secondary reheating heat exchanger, waste heat circulating pump constitute closed -cycle. The utility model discloses through engine cylinder sleeve waste heat and flue gas waste heat makes high grade primary energy to get full utilization, and the energy consumption is reduced greatly, adopts mature internal combustion engine technology, the heat transfer technology of partition wall type, and system is safe and reliable, and energy operation cost reduces obviously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crude oil processing technology, specifically to a crude oil heating device with an internal combustion engine heat pump that integrates efficient waste heat utilization. Background Technology

[0002] During crude oil production and transportation, some crude oils have low temperatures and high viscosity. During storage and transportation, phenomena such as wax precipitation, scaling, pipe condensation, and blockage occur. It is necessary to heat the crude oil to reduce its viscosity to facilitate storage and pipeline transportation. Currently, jacketed furnaces are commonly used to heat high-temperature hot water to indirectly heat crude oil. The energy utilization efficiency of this type of furnace is around 80%. This method results in high-grade energy being used in a low-efficiency manner, with relatively high energy consumption, poor economic performance, and low fuel utilization.

[0003] Electric air-source heat pumps and electric water-source heat pumps have been tried in oilfield crude oil heating systems, utilizing the high energy efficiency ratio of heat pump compressors. However, in practical applications, electric air-source heat pumps have shown a sharp decline in heating efficiency (COP) due to low outdoor temperatures in winter, failing to achieve the desired effect. While electric water-source heat pumps utilize the 40-50℃ low-temperature wastewater generated by oil-water separation to solve the problem of reduced heating efficiency, they present a new challenge: a significant increase in electrical load. This is because oilfield bases and plants located in open fields often face power shortages and lack the capacity to provide large-scale electrical loads. Internal combustion engine heat pumps, on the other hand, consume extremely low power, with electricity accounting for only about 5% of the heat generated, eliminating the need to address high-power electrical loads. Furthermore, the COP of compression heat pumps is generally around 3-5.5.

[0004] Internal combustion engine heat pumps are compression heat pumps that can utilize free air energy, waste heat resources from sewage, and ground sources. At the same time, internal combustion engine heat pumps can make full use of the waste heat from the engine cylinder liners and exhaust gas. Therefore, the impact of low outdoor temperatures in winter on the energy efficiency of the heat pump is minimal. Furthermore, the driving energy for internal combustion engine heat pumps is associated gas, fuel oil, heavy oil, etc. These fuels are entirely byproducts of oil extraction, readily available, and inexpensive.

[0005] Currently, oilfield exploitation has entered the mid-to-late stages. Some oil wells even have a water content of over 80% in their produced fluids. The produced fluid needs to be heated in a furnace to 60°C to 65°C before being transported to a combined station for water-oil separation. The resulting wastewater has a temperature range of 40°C to 50°C. After treatment, the wastewater is reinjected into the formation. Internal combustion engine heat pumps can recover the stable heat contained in this wastewater. The advantages of gas engine compression heat pumps are their simple structure, small footprint, and suitability for skid-mounted field installation. Furthermore, products with direct engine-generator connections can achieve self-sufficiency in power, forming a micro-cogeneration power center, which is very suitable for the actual resource configuration of oilfields. Internal combustion engine heat pumps can extract some heat from low-temperature heat sources. Under ideal operating conditions, the primary energy utilization efficiency can reach 1.7, and the operating cost is 50% of that of boiler heating. With continuous operation year-round during crude oil extraction, the economic performance is very considerable.

[0006] This technology is based on a thorough analysis of the problems existing in the thermal energy utilization process of crude oil gathering and transportation, and targeted research on the application of heat pump energy-saving technology in oil fields. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various heat sources, as well as their usage characteristics and applicable scope. Then, through the corresponding usage effects in different oil fields and under different operating conditions in the same oil field, it promotes the use of internal combustion engine heat pump technology in oil field production. Ultimately, practice will prove that using internal combustion engine heat pumps for crude oil heating is a very practical solution. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a crude oil heating device with an internal combustion engine heat pump that has its own waste heat cascaded for efficient utilization, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a crude oil heating device with an internal combustion engine heat pump that integrates efficient waste heat utilization, comprising an internal combustion engine, a compressor, an evaporator, a primary condensing heat exchanger, a secondary reheat heat exchanger, a flue gas waste heat recovery unit, a heat source circulation pump, and a waste heat circulation pump. The internal combustion engine, compressor, evaporator, and primary condensing heat exchanger are combined to form an internal combustion engine heat pump. The internal combustion engine is directly connected to the compressor, and the heat source circulation pump and the evaporator form a cycle. The internal combustion engine, flue gas waste heat recovery unit, secondary reheat heat exchanger, and waste heat circulation pump form a closed loop.

[0009] Preferably, the evaporator uses a coil-type heat exchanger as the water source, a geothermal coil as the ground source, and a modular air-cooled module as the air source.

[0010] Preferably, the primary condensing heat exchanger is a coil-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary reheat heat exchanger is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a shaped spiral tube.

[0012] Preferably, the primary condensing heat exchanger and the secondary reheat heat exchanger are connected in series.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. Internal combustion engine heat pumps extract a large amount of free heat from the low-temperature external environment (air, geothermal, sewage), while recovering a large amount of waste heat generated by the combustion of fuel in the internal combustion engine. When these two are added together, the heat output of the internal combustion engine heat pump is much greater than the heat generated by directly burning the same amount of fuel. Under ideal operating conditions, it can save 50% of fuel, which plays a huge role in reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions.

[0014] 2. Due to the unique nature of crude oil heating, it can operate continuously throughout the year. New equipment can recover costs in a short period of time, making it economical, practical, and easy to promote.

[0015] 3. The internal combustion engine heat pump is a combination of an internal combustion engine and a heat pump. Both technologies are very mature and stable, the equipment has high stability, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0016] 4. Internal combustion engine heat pumps are adapted to the actual working conditions of oil fields and are suitable for field operations. Addressing the scarcity of electricity in the field, they utilize locally sourced, low-cost fuels such as natural gas and oil, sourcing and consuming resources locally, significantly reducing logistics and distribution costs. Furthermore, they can be combined with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor in a direct-drive configuration to form an independent power station, achieving complete self-sufficiency. This saves a substantial amount of energy for oilfield production in China.

[0017] 5. The heating technology of the internal combustion engine heat pump used in this utility model is not limited to oil fields. It can also play a significant role in many industrial production processes that require temperature heating and cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Internal combustion engine; 2. Compressor; 3. Evaporator; 4. Primary condenser heat exchanger; 5. Secondary reheat heat exchanger; 6. Flue gas waste heat recovery unit; 7. Heat source circulation pump; 8. Waste heat circulation pump. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a technical solution: a crude oil heating device with an internal combustion engine heat pump that has its own waste heat cascaded high-efficiency utilization, including an internal combustion engine 1, a compressor 2, an evaporator 3, a primary condensing heat exchanger 4, a secondary reheat heat exchanger 5, a flue gas waste heat recovery unit 6, a heat source circulation pump 7, and a waste heat circulation pump 8. The internal combustion engine 1, compressor 2, evaporator 3, and primary condensing heat exchanger 4 are combined to form an internal combustion engine heat pump. The internal combustion engine 1 is directly connected to the compressor 2, and the heat source circulation pump 7 and the evaporator 3 form a cycle. The internal combustion engine 1, flue gas waste heat recovery unit 6, secondary reheat heat exchanger 5, and waste heat circulation pump 8 form a closed cycle.

[0022] In this invention, the evaporator 3 uses a coil-type heat exchanger for water, a geothermal coil for ground source, and a modular air-cooled module for air source.

[0023] In this utility model, the primary condenser heat exchanger 4 adopts a coil-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0024] In this invention, the secondary reheat heat exchanger 5 adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with an irregular spiral tube.

[0025] In this invention, the primary condensing heat exchanger 4 and the secondary reheat heat exchanger 5 are connected in series.

[0026] This utility model involves a two-stage crude oil heating process: The first-stage heating process: The internal combustion engine heat pump, mainly composed of an internal combustion engine (1), compressor (2), evaporator (3), and first-stage condensing heat exchanger (4), drives the compressor. The compressor operates with a high energy efficiency ratio. The heat source can be from the ground, sewage, or air. The heat pump absorbs heat from the external heat source and uses it to heat the crude oil in the first-stage condensing heat exchanger (4), raising the temperature of the crude oil from 30°C to 40-50°C. This temperature is within the ideal temperature range for the heat pump, where its operating efficiency is optimal. The external heat source and evaporator (3) form a closed-loop circulation system through the heat source circulation pump (7). The internal combustion engine (1), compressor (2), and evaporator (3) form a closed-loop circulation system, with indirect heat exchange occurring through the evaporator (3).

[0027] Secondary heating process: After passing through the primary condenser heat exchanger 4, the crude oil enters the secondary reheat heat exchanger 5. The heat source for the secondary reheat heat exchanger is the waste heat from the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 1 and the heat recovered by the flue gas waste heat recovery device 6. The waste heat heats the crude oil to produce high-temperature hot water. After the hot water flows through the secondary reheat heat exchanger 5, it heats the crude oil to 60°C. The antifreeze in the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 1 absorbs the waste heat from the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 1 and then enters the flue gas waste heat recovery device 6 connected to the internal combustion engine 1 for further heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas generated during the operation of the internal combustion engine 1. After further absorbing heat and raising the temperature, it is circulated by the waste heat circulation pump 8 into the secondary reheat heat exchanger, where it undergoes indirect heat exchange with the crude oil at 40-50°C from the primary condenser heat exchanger 4, further raising the temperature of the crude oil to 60°C, thus fulfilling the process requirement of oil-water separation through graded utilization and temperature raising of crude oil. At the same time, it makes cascaded use of the cylinder liner waste heat and flue gas waste heat during the operation of the internal combustion engine 1, and can recover 80% of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine 1 itself, achieving cascaded use of waste heat, reducing heat dissipation loss, and improving the primary energy utilization rate of the internal combustion engine heat pump.

[0028] Both the primary condenser heat exchanger 4 and the secondary reheat heat exchanger 5 are stainless steel heat exchangers made with heat exchange tubes featuring irregular four-helix grooves, which have excellent corrosion resistance and superior heat exchange capacity.

[0029] The contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crude oil heating device for an internal combustion engine heat pump with self-contained waste heat cascade high-efficiency utilization, characterized in that: The system includes an internal combustion engine (1), a compressor (2), an evaporator (3), a primary condensing heat exchanger (4), a secondary reheat heat exchanger (5), a flue gas waste heat recovery unit (6), a heat source circulation pump (7), and a waste heat circulation pump (8). The internal combustion engine (1), compressor (2), evaporator (3), and primary condensing heat exchanger (4) are combined to form an internal combustion engine heat pump. The internal combustion engine (1) is directly connected to the compressor (2) and forms a cycle through the heat source circulation pump (7) and the evaporator (3). The internal combustion engine (1), flue gas waste heat recovery unit (6), secondary reheat heat exchanger (5), and waste heat circulation pump (8) form a closed loop.

2. The crude oil heating device of an internal combustion engine heat pump with self-contained waste heat cascade high-efficiency utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator (3) uses a coil heat exchanger for water source, a geothermal coil for ground source, and a modular air-cooled module for air source.

3. The crude oil heating device of an internal combustion engine heat pump with self-contained waste heat cascade high-efficiency utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The primary condenser heat exchanger (4) is a coil-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

4. The crude oil heating device of an internal combustion engine heat pump with self-contained waste heat cascade high-efficiency utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary reheat heat exchanger (5) adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a shaped spiral tube.

5. The crude oil heating device of an internal combustion engine heat pump with self-contained waste heat cascade high-efficiency utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The primary condenser heat exchanger (4) and the secondary reheat heat exchanger (5) are connected in series.

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