A longitudinal and transverse ventilation and flow equalization angle box device for a grain dryer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to but is not limited to grain drying technical field, disclose a kind of grain dryer longitudinal and transverse ventilation even flow angle box device, the cabin wall of four directions around four is connected to form a cubic cabin body, longitudinal air outlet angle box is connected with cabin wall with transverse air inlet angle box, and longitudinal air outlet angle box and transverse air inlet angle box are in the cabin body surrounded by cabin wall and present longitudinal and transverse arrangement, transverse air inlet angle box is equipped with air uniform device inside, longitudinal air outlet angle box both sides are perforated, and transverse air inlet angle box single side is perforated.The utility model discloses a kind of grain dryer longitudinal and transverse ventilation even flow angle box device, and air flow mode is diversified by longitudinal and transverse staggered arrangement of ventilation angle box, set as a whole with downflow, counterflow, crossflow, form the true mixed flow.Compared with traditional angle box arrangement mode, the structure provided by the utility model is better in uniformity after drying, and longitudinal air outlet angle box uses double-sided ventilation, greatly increases the air volume, effectively prevents the wind curtain effect generated by single-sided air inlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to, but is not limited to, the field of grain drying technology, and particularly relates to a longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer. Background Technology

[0002] Grains need to be dried before storage. A common method for drying small batches of harvested grain is to spread the grain out on the ground and expose it to the sun. However, this method produces grain of poor quality, has low drying efficiency, and is easily affected by weather and geographical environment.

[0003] With the rapid development of modern agriculture, more and more grain dryers have appeared on the market. Grain dryers are equipped with drying chambers for drying grain. In the existing technology, the drying chambers are mainly mesh structure and equal cross-section angular box structure. Among them, the angular box structure of the drying chamber can divert the falling grain and has a good ventilation effect, so that the grain is dried more evenly.

[0004] The prior art US20130014404A1 describes a continuous flow grain dryer with two adjacent grain flow channels, in which the airflow flows through the grain column twice before being discharged or recirculated.

[0005] 1. In this prior art, although an airflow path design that allows air to pass through the grain column twice is achieved to improve drying efficiency, its structure is still mainly a combination of longitudinal or radial channels and a central gas cavity. There are still structural limitations in terms of the crisscrossing layout of the air circulation network, the modular arrangement of corner boxes, and the layered multi-channel ventilation.

[0006] 2. Furthermore, this existing technology primarily emphasizes airflow paths, recirculation, and exhaust structures, but it lacks specific features such as "air distribution devices spaced along the longitudinal length of the corner boxes," "corner box ends sealed to the cabin wall to form a closed ventilation channel," and "lateral exhaust corner boxes and longitudinal inlet corner boxes positioned by slots and insert plates." Therefore, it still falls short in terms of constructing modular longitudinal and transverse corner boxes within the cabin, achieving uniform airflow distribution, and creating highly sealed channels. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer.

[0008] This utility model is implemented as follows: a longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization corner box device for a grain dryer, including a longitudinal air outlet corner box, a transverse air inlet corner box and a chamber wall, wherein the four sides of the chamber wall are connected to each other to form a cubic chamber. Both the longitudinal air outlet box and the transverse air inlet box are fixedly installed on the inner side of the cabin wall. The longitudinal air outlet box is arranged along the front-to-back direction of the cabin, and the transverse air inlet box is arranged along the left-to-right direction of the cabin. The longitudinal air outlet boxes and the transverse air inlet boxes are arranged in a crisscross pattern within the cabin to form a longitudinal and transverse ventilation network. The interior of the transverse air inlet corner box is equipped with several air distribution devices along its length. Both sides of the transverse air inlet corner box have mesh or stretched ventilation holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the air-equalizing device of the transverse air-inlet corner box is fixed between the inner walls of the corner box by the support members and is arranged at intervals along the airflow direction. The number of air-equalizing devices is 3 to 8. The air-equalizing devices are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the transverse air-inlet corner box, and the opening area in the middle of the air-equalizing device decreases equally from the air-inlet end to the closed end.

[0010] Furthermore, several ventilation holes are evenly provided on both sides of the transverse air intake angle box, and the right side panel of the cabin wall has a triangular hole that matches the end face of the transverse air intake angle box. The front and rear panels of the bulkhead have triangular holes that match the end face of the longitudinal air outlet box.

[0011] Furthermore, the bulkhead is constructed by welding metal plates together, and the ends of the longitudinal air outlet box and the transverse air inlet box are sealed and fixedly connected to the bulkhead to form a closed ventilation channel for the grain.

[0012] Furthermore, the intersection of the longitudinal air outlet corner box and the transverse air inlet corner box is fixedly connected by a fitting structure, which consists of a slot and a plate, and is used to achieve the longitudinal and transverse positioning of the two.

[0013] Furthermore, the longitudinal air outlet boxes and the transverse air inlet boxes inside the cabin are arranged in parallel layers, with a spacing between adjacent layers, forming a multi-layered air circulation space.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this utility model are as follows: Traditional structures use parallel, staggered ventilation corner boxes, which has the disadvantage that air can only flow in one direction, resulting in an overly uniform airflow direction and making it impossible to dry grain evenly. The improved grain dryer of this invention uses a longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization corner box device, which can increase the diversity of airflow directions, making the airflow pattern more varied and smoother, and can dry grain evenly. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the grain can move from top to bottom, front to back, left to right inside the bin, greatly increasing the uniformity of grain drying.

[0015] This utility model's grain dryer features a longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization corner box device. Through the crisscrossing arrangement of ventilation corner boxes, it diversifies airflow patterns, integrating co-current, counter-current, and transverse flow to form a true mixed flow. Compared to traditional corner box arrangements, the structure provided by this utility model offers better uniformity after drying. Furthermore, the longitudinal air outlet corner boxes employ double-sided ventilation, significantly increasing the airflow volume and ensuring smoother air circulation, effectively preventing the air curtain effect caused by single-sided air intake.

[0016] This utility model adopts a longitudinal and transverse ventilation corner box structure, which effectively prevents the air curtain effect and uneven grain drying caused by single-sided air intake and unidirectional arrangement of corner boxes, making the grain drying degree in the dryer more uniform. The transverse air intake corner box has mesh or stretched ventilation holes on both sides of its side walls, while the longitudinal corner box does not have mesh holes. This structure greatly reduces the ventilation path and prevents air leakage, which can better control the airflow direction in the dryer, making the grain drying more uniform. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 This is a perspective view from another direction of the longitudinal and transverse ventilation and flow equalization angle box device for the grain dryer provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device of the grain dryer provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 4 Here is a schematic diagram of the air distribution device inside the horizontal air inlet corner box provided in this embodiment of the utility model; A, External view of the horizontal air inlet corner box; B, Perspective view of the horizontal air inlet corner box; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a ventilation corner box with mesh openings provided in an embodiment of this utility model; In the diagram: 1. Horizontal air inlet angle box; 2. Vertical air outlet angle box; 3. Cabin wall; 4. Air distribution device; 41. First air distribution device; 42. Second air distribution device; 43. Third air distribution device; 44. Fourth air distribution device; 45. Fifth air distribution device. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the grain dryer longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization angle box device provided in this embodiment of the utility model includes a longitudinal air outlet angle box 2, a transverse air inlet angle box 1, a chamber wall 3, and an air equalization device 4, as follows. Figure 3 As shown, the four sides of the cabin wall 3 are connected to form a cubic cabin. The longitudinal air outlet box 2 and the transverse air inlet box 1 are both connected to the cabin wall 3. The longitudinal air outlet box 2 and the transverse air inlet box 1 are arranged in a longitudinal and transverse manner within the cabin enclosed by the cabin wall 3. The transverse air inlet box 1 is equipped with an air distribution device 4.

[0020] The vertical air outlet corner box 2 has openings on both sides, and the horizontal air inlet corner box 1 has an opening on only one side.

[0021] The transverse air inlet corner box 1 is equipped with 3 to 8 air distribution devices 4. The air distribution device 4 is a hollow triangular plate, and the air distribution devices 4 are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the transverse corner box. The opening area of ​​the air distribution device 4 decreases equally from the air inlet end to the closed end.

[0022] This utility model's grain dryer features a longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization corner box device. Through the crisscrossing arrangement of ventilation corner boxes, it diversifies airflow patterns, integrating co-current, counter-current, and transverse flow to form a true mixed flow. Compared to traditional corner box arrangements, the structure provided by this utility model offers better uniformity after drying. Furthermore, the longitudinal air outlet corner box 2 employs double-sided ventilation, significantly increasing the airflow volume and ensuring smoother air circulation, effectively preventing the air curtain effect caused by single-sided air intake.

[0023] The uniform air distribution device 4 ensures that the air pressure is almost uniform from the head to the tail of the transverse air inlet box 1, making the drying of the grains more uniform.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization angle box device of the grain dryer consists of a longitudinal air outlet angle box 2, a transverse air inlet angle box 1, and a chamber wall 3. The four chamber walls 3 are perpendicularly connected to each other to form a cubic chamber, constituting an overall closed frame structure. The longitudinal air outlet angle box 2 and the transverse air inlet angle box 1 are arranged horizontally and in multiple layers vertically along the chamber body, respectively. Both are fixedly installed on the inner and outer surfaces of the chamber wall 3, forming a crisscrossing spatial channel structure. The ends of both the longitudinal air outlet angle box 2 and the transverse air inlet angle box 1 are sealed to the chamber wall 3, forming a continuous ventilation network inside the chamber and providing a channel basis for airflow in different directions.

[0025] Inside the transverse air inlet corner box 1, 3 to 8 air equalization devices 4 are evenly distributed along the length direction. These devices are fixed to the inner walls of the corner box 2 by supports and are spaced apart along the airflow direction to equalize the air pressure. Ventilation holes are provided on both sides of the longitudinal air outlet corner box 2, while the transverse air inlet corner box 1 only has openings on the air inlet end face, and the tail end of the air inlet corner box 1 is closed, forming a combination of single-sided air inlet and double-sided air outlet. To shorten the ventilation distance of the grain between the air inlet and outlet corner boxes, mesh or tension holes are provided on the side of the transverse air inlet corner box 1. The outer walls of all corner boxes are supported and defined by bulkheads 3, and the corner boxes are connected by precise assembly gaps to ensure that the airflow can mix naturally in the confluence area without significant pressure loss.

[0026] During operation, hot air is supplied from an external heat source into the transverse air inlet box 1. After penetrating the grain, the hot air is simultaneously ejected from both sides and discharged outside the chamber through the dual-sided ventilation holes in the longitudinal air outlet box 2. This creates a multi-directional airflow within the chamber, achieving a mixture of co-current, counter-current, and transverse flow, significantly improving the uniformity of air distribution and airflow coverage. Simultaneously, the grain moves from top to bottom, forward, backward, left, and right within the chamber under gravity, greatly enhancing the uniformity of grain drying.

[0027] In this structure, the air distribution device 4 ensures that the air pressure in the transverse air inlet corner box 1 remains basically consistent from the inlet to the outlet, eliminating the problem of large pressure difference between the head and tail in traditional unidirectional ventilation structures. The double-end ventilation of the longitudinal air outlet corner box 2 further improves the air exchange volume, forming a stable multidimensional flow field. The multidirectional mixed flow structure effectively breaks the limitation of traditional parallel corner boxes that can only form unidirectional airflow, enabling air to circulate in multiple layers and directions within the chamber. This ensures a more uniform temperature and humidity distribution of the material during the drying or ventilation process, improves overall drying efficiency, and prevents localized over-drying or over-wetting phenomena.

[0028] The grains move forward, backward, left, and right under the influence of gravity within the crisscrossing spatial channels, resulting in more uniform heating of the grains. This completely overcomes the problem of uneven heating of grains caused by the unidirectional movement of grains from top to bottom in existing technologies.

[0029] Example 1: Standard cubic grain dryer longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device In this embodiment, the longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device of the grain dryer is formed by four chamber walls 3 to form a cubic chamber with dimensions of 2.5m × 2.5m × 2.7m. The longitudinal outlet angle boxes 2 are arranged horizontally, with a total of five layers. Each layer of the longitudinal outlet angle boxes 2 is fixed to the two side walls of the chamber wall 3 by screw connections. The transverse inlet angle boxes 1 are arranged vertically and fixed to the two side walls of the chamber wall 3 by screw connections. The two are arranged intersectingly inside the chamber to form longitudinal and transverse ventilation channels. Four air equalization devices 4 are installed inside the transverse inlet angle boxes 1. The air equalization devices 4 are equidistantly arranged along the airflow direction, and the ventilation hole areas of the four air equalization devices 4 are set from large to small in a certain proportion from the inlet end to the outlet end, and are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the angle box. The chamber walls 3 are welded from stainless steel plates to form a closed ventilation space. The ends of the longitudinal outlet angle boxes 2 and the transverse inlet angle boxes 1 are tightly connected to the chamber walls 3. The longitudinal air outlet corner box 2 and the transverse air inlet corner box 1 have a cross spacing of 230 mm, ensuring a precise fit during assembly and guaranteeing a stable airflow path. The spacing between adjacent longitudinal air outlet corner boxes 2 is 200 mm, creating multi-layered airflow spaces. This structure enables crisscrossing airflow within the chamber, forming a stable ventilation channel, while also allowing for the forward, backward, left, and right movement of grains, resulting in more even heating of the grains.

[0030] Example 2: Rectangular Chamber Reinforced Layered Grain Dryer with Longitudinal and Transverse Ventilation and Flow Equalization Angle Box Device In this embodiment, the compartment of the longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device of the grain dryer is a rectangular box measuring 2.5 meters × 3.0 meters × 3.0 meters, assembled from four compartment walls 3 connected by bolts. Six layers of longitudinal air outlet angle boxes 2 are installed inside the compartment, each layer arranged horizontally and fixed to the compartment walls 3 at both ends by sealing flanges. Four transverse air inlet angle boxes 1 are installed along the height of the compartment, located at the four corners of the compartment. The longitudinal air outlet angle boxes 2 and the transverse air inlet angle boxes 1 are positioned and fixed by structural limiting blocks, forming a longitudinally and transversely interconnected airflow channel after being arranged crosswise.

[0031] Five air-distributing devices 4 are installed along the length of the interior of the transverse air inlet corner box 1. Each air-distributing device 4 is composed of a metal frame and is welded to the inner wall of the longitudinal air outlet corner box 2. The longitudinal air outlet corner box 2 and the transverse air inlet corner box 1 are connected to the box body using a bolt-fit structure, which facilitates assembly and disassembly. The bulkhead 3 is made of metal plate, and the four edges are pressed together with sealing strips to ensure overall airtightness. The longitudinal air outlet corner boxes 2 are arranged in layers, with a spacing of 180 mm between adjacent layers, forming six layers of air circulation zones. This structure achieves cross-connection of transverse and longitudinal ventilation channels, providing a stable ventilation foundation for subsequent uniform drying and air circulation.

[0032] Example 3: Horizontal air inlet corner box air distribution device like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, five air-level equalization devices 4 are installed along the length of the transverse air inlet corner box 1. The guide vanes of each air-level equalization device 4 form a flow-dividing channel. The guide vanes can adjust their angle according to the air volume, thereby controlling the airflow distribution. After hot air enters the transverse air inlet corner box 1, it is deflected by the guide vanes, so that the airflow at different heights remains balanced, ensuring that the air pressure difference between the upper, middle, and lower layers of the cabin is less than 10%.

[0033] Five air-regulating devices 4 are evenly spaced inside each horizontal air inlet corner box. The opening area in the middle of the first air-regulating device 41 is 5 / 6 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal air inlet corner box. The opening area in the middle of the second air-regulating device 42 is 4 / 6 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal air inlet corner box. The opening area in the middle of the third air-regulating device 43 is 3 / 6 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal air inlet corner box. The opening area in the middle of the fourth air-regulating device 44 is 2 / 6 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal air inlet corner box. The opening area in the middle of the fifth air-regulating device 45 is 1 / 6 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal air inlet corner box.

[0034] Test results show that the air distribution device 4 in the transverse air inlet angle box 1 can significantly improve the air pressure distribution. After optimization, the wind speed difference between the top and bottom decreased from 0.8 m / s in the original system to 0.2 m / s, resulting in a more uniform moisture distribution in the dried grain. The device has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble and clean, and the guide angle can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the crop.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and within the spirit and principles of this utility model, should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A longitudinal and transverse ventilation and airflow equalization angle box device for a grain dryer, characterized in that, It includes a longitudinal air outlet box, a transverse air inlet box, and a bulkhead, the four sides of which are connected to form a cubic body; Both the longitudinal air outlet box and the transverse air inlet box are fixedly installed on the inner side of the cabin wall. The longitudinal air outlet box is arranged along the front-to-back direction of the cabin, and the transverse air inlet box is arranged along the left-to-right direction of the cabin. The longitudinal air outlet boxes and the transverse air inlet boxes are arranged in a crisscross pattern within the cabin to form a longitudinal and transverse ventilation network. The interior of the transverse air inlet corner box is equipped with several air distribution devices along its length. The transverse air inlet corner box has mesh or stretched ventilation holes on both sides.

2. The longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air distribution device of the transverse air inlet corner box is fixed between the inner walls of the corner box by the support members and is arranged at intervals along the airflow direction. The number of air distribution devices is 3 to 8. The air distribution devices are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the transverse air inlet corner box, and the opening area of ​​the air distribution device decreases equally from the air inlet end to the closed end.

3. The longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse air inlet angle box has several ventilation holes evenly distributed on both sides of its side walls, and the right side panel of the cabin wall has a triangular hole that matches the end face of the transverse air inlet angle box. The front and rear panels of the bulkhead have triangular holes that match the end face of the longitudinal air outlet box.

4. The longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bulkhead is constructed by welding metal plates together. The ends of the longitudinal air outlet box and the transverse air inlet box are sealed and fixedly connected to the bulkhead, forming a closed ventilation channel for the grain.

5. The longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intersection of the longitudinal air outlet box and the transverse air inlet box is fixedly connected by a fitting structure consisting of triangular holes in the left, rear, and front panels of the bulkhead and a reserved slot in the right panel. The fitting structure is composed of slots and inserts, which are used to achieve longitudinal and transverse positioning of the two.

6. The longitudinal and transverse ventilation equalization angle box device for a grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal air outlet boxes and the transverse air inlet boxes inside the cabin are arranged in parallel layers, with a distance maintained between adjacent layers to form a multi-layered air circulation space.

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