A vacuum metallurgy furnace end anti-falling device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of furnace head anti-accidental falling device for vacuum metallurgy, including furnace frame, furnace head and anti-falling assembly;A bearing frame is provided on furnace head, anti-falling assembly includes sleeve, blocking shaft and linear drive, sleeve is fixed on furnace frame in axial horizontal, linear drive is connected on furnace frame and drives blocking shaft to retract along the axial direction of sleeve.This device height of bearing frame will be appropriately higher than blocking part, and make furnace head in normal state, blocking shaft is not subjected to radial force, so it can reduce the wear and tear of blocking shaft and linear drive.Blocking shaft and sleeve constitute a kind of piston type guiding structure.When furnace head falls, bearing frame is pressed on blocking part, so that the load of entire furnace head and blocking shaft is transmitted to sleeve, and sleeve disperses force and transmits to furnace frame.Such design can also protect blocking shaft, prevent anti-falling assembly from being damaged too fast, prolong the service life of anti-falling assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of valve technology, and in particular to a device for preventing accidental falls of furnace heads used in vacuum metallurgy. Background Technology

[0002] In a vacuum metallurgical melting furnace, the furnace head is the core structure of the entire furnace, comprising components such as the furnace chamber, electrodes, drive system, adjustment platform, rotating columns, and drive columns. The raising and lowering of the furnace head is achieved through the lifting and lowering of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the rotating columns and drive columns on both sides of the furnace frame. In the event of sudden malfunctions such as hydraulic pump failure or emergency hydraulic leakage, the furnace head may unexpectedly fall, causing safety problems, damaging personnel or equipment, and resulting in incalculable losses.

[0003] Chinese patent CN220304252U discloses a pneumatic furnace door anti-fall safety locking device. This device uses a cylinder to drive two safety pins into a safety locking seat at the top of the furnace door, thus preventing falls. However, the pin holes on the safety locking seat and the limiting holes on the limiting load-bearing plates are only slightly larger than the outer diameter of the safety pins. Although the load on the furnace door can be distributed between the two limiting load-bearing plates, the safety pins are prone to deformation under load. After a period of use, the safety pins may no longer be able to pass through both the pin hole and the limiting hole simultaneously, rendering the device ineffective and posing a safety hazard.

[0004] To avoid the above problems, it is necessary to provide a new fall protection device. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a device to prevent accidental fall of the furnace head for vacuum metallurgy. The device can disperse the force when the furnace head falls by using a sleeve, thereby reducing the wear of parts and extending the service life of the device.

[0006] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a furnace head anti-accidental fall device for vacuum metallurgy, comprising a furnace frame, a furnace head, and an anti-fall component; the furnace head is used to close the furnace frame and is raised and lowered under the drive of a lifting component, the furnace head is provided with a support frame, the anti-fall component includes a sleeve, a blocking shaft, and a linear drive component, the sleeve is axially and horizontally fixed on the furnace frame, the blocking shaft includes a piston part at one end and a blocking part at the other end, the outer wall of the piston part is in close contact with the inner wall of the sleeve, the linear drive component is connected to the furnace frame and drives the blocking shaft to extend and retract along the axial direction of the sleeve; when the blocking shaft extends to the first limit position, the blocking part is located within the lower projection range of the support frame; when the blocking shaft retracts to the second limit position, the blocking part completely leaves the lower projection range of the support frame.

[0007] Specifically, the support frame includes a horizontally arranged contact plate and a pair of support members that fix the contact plate to the outside of the furnace head. The two support members are respectively located on the left and right sides of the contact position between the anti-fall component and the contact plate.

[0008] Specifically, the sleeve includes a rigid outer cylinder, an elastic inner cylinder, and an end cap. The outer wall of the elastic inner cylinder is in close contact with the inner wall of the rigid outer cylinder, and the inner wall of the elastic inner cylinder is in close contact with the outer wall of the blocking shaft. The outer diameter of the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder increases, the inner diameter of the outer end of the rigid outer cylinder increases, the end cap is fixed to the outer end of the rigid outer cylinder, and the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder is clamped between the end cap and the position where the inner diameter of the rigid outer cylinder increases.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic inner cylinder is provided with an oiling groove, which extends from the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder to the contact surface between the elastic inner cylinder and the piston portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the oil filling groove has an annular structure surrounding the piston portion.

[0011] Specifically, the blocking shaft also includes a stepped section located in the middle. The stepped section includes a thick section, a thin section with an outer diameter smaller than the thick section, and a transition section located between the thick section and the thin section. The transition section is smooth. The furnace frame is provided with a limit switch, and the limit switch has a roller that abuts against the outer wall of the stepped section.

[0012] Furthermore, a limit switch is provided on each of the left and right sides of the blocking shaft, and the rollers of the two limit switches press against the left and right relative positions of the stepped portion.

[0013] Furthermore, the limit switch is connected to the fixing plate, the surface of the fixing plate is perpendicular to the axis of the blocking shaft, the fixing plate is provided with at least two oblong holes, the length direction of the oblong holes is along the left and right direction, and the fixing plate is fixed to the furnace frame by fixing screws passing through the oblong holes.

[0014] Specifically, a protective cover is provided on the outside of the furnace frame, and the protective cover surrounds the linear drive component.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are: 1. The height of the support frame will be appropriately higher than the blocking part, so that the blocking shaft is not subjected to radial force under normal conditions, which can reduce the wear of the blocking shaft and linear drive components.

[0016] 2. The blocking shaft and sleeve form a piston-type guiding structure. When the burner head falls, the support frame presses on the blocking part, transferring the load of the entire burner head and blocking shaft to the sleeve, which then distributes the force to the furnace frame. This design also protects the blocking shaft, prevents the anti-fall assembly from damaging too quickly, and extends the service life of the anti-fall assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the furnace head anti-accidental fall device for vacuum metallurgy, as shown in the embodiment. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of position A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the furnace head anti-accidental fall device for vacuum metallurgy, as shown in the embodiment. Figure 4 This is a partial right view of the anti-accidental fall device for the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy, as described in the embodiment. Figure 5 This is a magnified view of the contact position between the limit switch and the blocking shaft.

[0018] The numbers in the image represent: 1-Furnace frame, 11-Protective cover; 2-Furnace head, 21-Support frame, 211-Contact plate, 212-Support component; 3-Fall protection assembly, 31-Sleeve, 311-Rigid outer cylinder, 312-Elastic inner cylinder, 3121-Oil filling groove, 313-End cap, 32-Blocking shaft, 321-Piston part, 322-Blocking part, 323-Stepped part, 3231-Coarse section, 3232-Fine section, 3233-Transition section, 33-Linear drive component; 4-Limit switch; 41-Roller; 5-Fixing plate, 51-Oval hole; 6-Fixing screws. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] Example: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vacuum metallurgical furnace head anti-accidental fall device of this utility model includes a furnace frame 1, a furnace head 2, and an anti-fall component 3. The furnace head 2 is used to close the furnace frame 1 and is raised and lowered under the drive of a lifting component (not shown). The anti-fall component 3 is provided on the furnace frame 1 to prevent the furnace head 2 from falling from its high position.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the burner head 2 is provided with a support frame 21, which includes a horizontally arranged contact plate 211 and a pair of support members 212 that fix the contact plate 211 to the outside of the burner head 2.

[0022] The support frame 21 is a protruding structure on the burner head 2, used in conjunction with the anti-fall component 3 to prevent the burner head 2 from falling over. When the burner head 2 reaches its highest position, a portion of the anti-fall component 3 extends into the lower projection range of the support frame 21 (especially the contact plate 211). Therefore, if the burner head 2 falls, the anti-fall component 3 can abut against the lower surface of the contact plate 211, thereby preventing the burner head 2 from falling completely. To ensure sufficient structural strength of the support frame 21, two support members 212 are generally located on the left and right sides of the contact position between the anti-fall component 3 and the contact plate 211, respectively. The support members 212 can be a right-angled triangular plate structure, or a square plate, strip profile, etc.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fall arrestor 3 includes a sleeve 31, a blocking shaft 32, and a linear drive 33. The sleeve 31 is axially and horizontally fixed on the furnace frame 1. The blocking shaft 32 includes a piston part 321 at one end, a blocking part 322 at the other end, and a stepped part 323 in the middle. The outer wall of the piston part 321 is in close contact with the inner wall of the sleeve 31. The linear drive 33 is connected to the furnace frame 1 and drives the blocking shaft 32 to extend and retract along the axial direction of the sleeve 31. When the blocking shaft 32 extends to the first limit position, the blocking part 322 is located within the lower projection range of the support frame 21. When the blocking shaft 32 retracts to the second limit position, the blocking part 322 completely leaves the lower projection range of the support frame 21.

[0024] The linear drive 33 switches between "locked" and "unlocked" states by driving the extension and retraction of the blocking shaft 32. In this embodiment, the linear drive 33 is a cylinder, but in practical applications, it can be replaced by other mechanisms that can achieve linear extension and retraction of components, such as hydraulic cylinders or linear drive modules. When the blocking shaft 32 is at the first extreme position, the blocking part 322 is located on the downward movement path of the support frame 21, and is in the "locked" state. The blocking shaft 32 can prevent the burner head 2 from falling suddenly, thus providing protection. When the blocking shaft 32 is at the second extreme position, the blocking part 322 leaves the downward movement path of the support frame 21, and is in the "unlocked" state, allowing the burner head 2 to fall normally. The height of the support frame 21 is appropriately higher than the blocking part 322, so that the blocking shaft 32 is not subjected to radial force when the burner head 2 is in normal condition, thereby reducing the wear of the blocking shaft 32 and the linear drive 33. The blocking shaft 32 and the sleeve 31 constitute a piston-type guide structure. When the burner head 2 falls, the support frame 21 presses against the blocking part 322, so that the load of the entire burner head 2 and the blocking shaft 32 is transferred to the sleeve 31, and the sleeve 31 distributes the force to the furnace frame 1. This design also protects the blocking shaft 32, prevents the anti-fall assembly 3 from being damaged too quickly, and extends the service life of the anti-fall assembly 3.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sleeve 31 includes a rigid outer cylinder 311, an elastic inner cylinder 312, and an end cap 313. The outer wall of the elastic inner cylinder 312 is in close contact with the inner wall of the rigid outer cylinder 311, and the inner wall of the elastic inner cylinder 312 is in close contact with the outer wall of the blocking shaft 32. The outer diameter of the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder 312 increases, and the inner diameter of the outer end of the rigid outer cylinder 311 increases. The end cap 313 is fixed to the outer end of the rigid outer cylinder 311, and the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder 312 is clamped between the end cap 313 and the position where the inner diameter of the rigid outer cylinder 311 increases. The elastic inner cylinder 312 is provided with an oiling groove 3121, which extends from the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder 312 to the contact surface between the elastic inner cylinder 312 and the piston part 321. The end of the oiling groove 3121 has an annular structure surrounding the piston part 321.

[0026] The outer ends of both the rigid outer cylinder 311 and the elastic inner cylinder 312 are located near the linear drive component 33. The rigid outer cylinder 311 is used to rigidly fix the furnace frame 1. The elastic inner cylinder 312 has a certain buffering effect; its inner wall can adapt to the coaxiality difference between the blocking shaft 32 and the rigid outer cylinder 311, reducing wear and also helping to buffer the impact force on the blocking shaft 32. The sleeve 31 and the piston portion 321 of the blocking shaft 32 have a very small gap. If no lubrication is applied, the increased frictional resistance will hinder the sliding of the blocking shaft 32. In particular, if the blocking shaft 32 does not extend when it should, the anti-fall component 3 will not be able to provide protection, leading to danger. Therefore, lubricating oil is added to the contact surface between the sleeve 31 and the piston portion 321 through the oiling groove 3121. The annular structure of the oiling groove 311 provides a low-resistance flow channel for the lubricating oil, allowing it to coat the entire outer circumference of the piston portion 321.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a protective cover 11 is provided on the outside of the furnace frame 1, and the protective cover 11 surrounds the linear drive component 33.

[0028] Because the sleeve 31 occupies part of the thickness space of the furnace frame 1, the linear drive component 33 generally protrudes outside the furnace frame 1 and is easily bumped. However, the linear drive component 33 is a relatively delicate part, and once damaged, it may cause the fall protection component 3 to malfunction. The protective cover 11 can hide the linear drive component 33 inside, avoid damage to the linear drive component 33 caused by external force collision, and extend the service life of the device.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the stepped section 323 includes a thick section 3231, a thin section 3232 with an outer diameter smaller than that of the thick section 3232, and a transition section 3233 located between the thick section 3231 and the thin section 3232. The transition section 3233 has a smooth transition. The furnace frame 1 is provided with a limit switch 4, and the limit switch 4 has a roller 41 that adheres to the outer wall of the stepped section 323.

[0030] Limit switch 4 determines whether the device is in a "locked" or "unlocked" state based on the position of roller 41, thus confirming whether the smelting furnace can begin smelting. This enables real-time monitoring of the position of the blocking shaft 32. When the linear drive component 33 uses a cylinder, the output signal of limit switch 4 can be used to electrically control the solenoid valve of the cylinder's air supply pipeline, improving the automation level of the smelting furnace, saving labor, and reducing the risk of personnel injury. In this embodiment, the specific principle is as follows: when roller 41 contacts the thin section 3232, the blocking shaft 32 is retracted, and limit switch 4 outputs an "unlock" signal to the smelting furnace control system, at which time the furnace head 2 can fall; when roller 41 disengages from the thick section 3231, the blocking shaft 32 is extended, and limit switch 4 outputs a "lock" signal to the smelting furnace control system, at which time the furnace head 2 must maintain its height. The smooth transition section 3233 is to facilitate the roller 41's movement; otherwise, it may hinder the normal extension and retraction of the blocking shaft 32. In practical applications, the order of the thick section 3231 and the thin section 3232 can be reversed, because the key is that the limit switch 4 senses the change in the amount of extension and retraction. The outer diameter of the thick section 3231 can be the same as or different from the outer diameter of the piston section 321.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a limit switch 4 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the blocking shaft 32, and the rollers 41 of the two limit switches 4 press against the left and right relative positions of the stepped part 323.

[0032] As long as one limit switch 4 detects a change in state, the control system can determine the state of the fall arrestor 3. Using two limit switches 4 avoids misjudging the state of the blocking shaft 32 when a single limit switch 4 fails, thus improving the reliability of the device. The limit switches 4 are arranged to the left and right to avoid interfering with the movement path of the support frame 21.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the limit switch 4 is connected to the fixed plate 5. The surface of the fixed plate 5 is perpendicular to the axis of the blocking shaft 32. The fixed plate 5 is provided with at least two oblong holes 51. The length direction of the oblong holes 51 is along the left and right direction. The fixed plate 5 is fixed to the furnace frame 1 by fixing screws 6 passing through the oblong holes 51.

[0034] To accurately reflect the state of the blocking shaft 32, the limit switch 4 must have its signal change critical point between the two extreme positions of the contact coarse section 3231 and the contact fine section 3232. Therefore, fine-tuning is required based on the position change of the fixing plate 5. That is, the fixing screw 6 is first loosely connected to the furnace frame 1, at which point the oblong hole 51 allows the limit switch 4 to be adjusted left and right within a certain range. After the position of the limit switch 4 is adjusted, the fixing screw 6 is then fully tightened.

[0035] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preventing accidental falls from a furnace head used in vacuum metallurgy, comprising a furnace frame, a furnace head, and a fall prevention assembly; the furnace head is used to enclose the furnace frame and is raised and lowered under the drive of a lifting component, characterized in that: The furnace head is provided with a support frame. The anti-fall assembly includes a sleeve, a blocking shaft, and a linear drive. The sleeve is axially and horizontally fixed to the furnace frame. The blocking shaft includes a piston part at one end and a blocking part at the other end. The outer wall of the piston part is in close contact with the inner wall of the sleeve. The linear drive is connected to the furnace frame and drives the blocking shaft to extend and retract along the axial direction of the sleeve. When the blocking shaft extends to the first limit position, the blocking part is located within the lower projection range of the support frame. When the blocking shaft retracts to the second limit position, the blocking part completely leaves the lower projection range of the support frame.

2. The device for preventing accidental falls of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes a horizontally arranged contact plate and a pair of support members that fix the contact plate to the outside of the furnace head. The two support members are respectively located on the left and right sides of the contact position between the anti-fall component and the contact plate.

3. The device for preventing accidental falls from the furnace head used in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve includes a rigid outer cylinder, an elastic inner cylinder, and an end cap. The outer wall of the elastic inner cylinder is in close contact with the inner wall of the rigid outer cylinder, and the inner wall of the elastic inner cylinder is in close contact with the outer wall of the blocking shaft. The outer diameter of the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder increases, and the inner diameter of the outer end of the rigid outer cylinder increases. The end cap is fixed to the outer end of the rigid outer cylinder, and the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder is clamped between the end cap and the position where the inner diameter of the rigid outer cylinder increases.

4. The device for preventing accidental fall of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic inner cylinder is provided with a lubrication groove, which extends from the outer end of the elastic inner cylinder to the contact surface between the elastic inner cylinder and the piston portion.

5. The device for preventing accidental fall of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the oil filling groove has an annular structure surrounding the piston.

6. The device for preventing accidental falls of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking shaft also includes a stepped section located in the middle. The stepped section includes a thick section, a thin section with an outer diameter smaller than the thick section, and a transition section located between the thick section and the thin section. The transition section is smooth. The furnace frame is provided with a limit switch, and the limit switch has a roller that abuts against the outer wall of the stepped section.

7. The device for preventing accidental falls of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limit switch is provided on each of the left and right sides of the blocking shaft, and the rollers of the two limit switches press against the left and right opposite positions of the stepped section.

8. The device for preventing accidental fall of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limit switch is connected to the fixed plate, the surface of the fixed plate is perpendicular to the axis of the blocking shaft, the fixed plate is provided with at least two oblong holes, the length direction of the oblong holes is along the left and right direction, and the fixed plate is fixed to the furnace frame by fixing screws passing through the oblong holes.

9. The device for preventing accidental fall of the furnace head in vacuum metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace frame is provided with a protective cover on its outer side, which surrounds the linear drive component.

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