Anti-caving hole support and rapid charging device for roadway blasting excavation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hole support and quick charging device for roadway blasting excavation, including anti-collapsing hole support pipe and quick charging pipe;Anti-collapsing hole support pipe is hollow pipe structure, and the pipe wall of anti-collapsing hole support pipe is uniformly distributed and densely provided with through-hole penetrating the pipe wall, the clearance fit between the outer diameter size of anti-collapsing hole support pipe and the inner diameter size of blasting borehole, the length size in the axial direction of anti-collapsing hole support pipe and the depth size of blasting borehole cooperation;Quick charging pipe is one end closed hollow pipe structure, and the clearance fit between the outer diameter size of quick charging pipe and the inner diameter size of anti-collapsing hole support pipe, the length size in the axial direction of quick charging pipe and the design charging length size of segmented initiation cooperation, quick charging pipe is set in anti-collapsing hole support pipe, and the occlusion end of quick charging pipe is located inside.This utility model can play the hole wall supporting effect, and ground concentrated filling, quick sending blast hole can be realized, to improve secondary blasting operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a blasting charging device for coal mines, specifically a collapse-prevention hole support and rapid charging device for roadway blasting and excavation, belonging to the field of coal mine safety technology. Background Technology

[0002] In mining, railway tunnels, highway tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, and underground engineering construction, blasting is one of the most widely used and cost-effective methods for rock excavation. It involves drilling blast holes in the rock mass, loading explosives, and detonating them. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the explosion rapidly expands, producing strong shock waves and expansion stress on the surrounding rock mass, causing the rock to fracture, loosen, and be thrown, thereby achieving the purpose of tunneling or shaping.

[0003] In tunnel blasting, a multi-stage or segmented detonation method is typically used, meaning a cross-section requires two or more blasts to be fully excavated. This method effectively controls blasting vibrations, ensures the stability of the surrounding rock, and allows for flexible arrangement of boreholes based on different lithologies and cross-sectional shapes. However, after the first blast, subsequent boreholes that are not detonated are often affected by various factors such as strong shock waves, redistribution of ground stress, rock vibrations, and the effects of blasting gases. This can easily cause the borehole walls to collapse, deform, or become blocked, resulting in smaller borehole diameters, shorter borehole depths, or even complete blockage.

[0004] Hole collapse not only affects subsequent charging operations but can also lead to insufficient charge, inadequate sealing, or uneven distribution of blasting energy, thus reducing blasting effectiveness and tunneling efficiency. To ensure smooth subsequent blasting, workers usually need to repair collapsed holes or re-drill them. This process is cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, and the quality of hole repair often fails to guarantee hole shape accuracy, affecting the consistency of blasting results. Meanwhile, charging operations during secondary or multiple blasts also present numerous practical difficulties. Because subsequent boreholes are usually located at higher elevations or in difficult-to-access areas such as the top or sides of the tunnel, workers must layer explosives, drilling mud, and sealing mud into the hole and repeatedly tamp them down. This process is labor-intensive and inefficient. Furthermore, if debris remains in the hole or the hole wall is loose, it can easily lead to eccentric charging or incomplete packing, thus affecting the transfer of blasting energy and the sealing effect at the borehole opening. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting, which can support the hole wall and enable centralized loading and rapid delivery into the blast hole from the ground, thereby improving the efficiency of secondary blasting operations, reducing manual operation steps, ensuring the stability of the blast hole shape and the quality of the charge, and is particularly suitable for blasting construction methods with multiple or segmented detonations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting includes an anti-collapse hole support pipe and a rapid charging pipe.

[0007] The anti-collapse hole support pipe is a hollow tube structure, and the pipe wall is densely and evenly distributed with through holes penetrating the pipe wall. The outer diameter of the anti-collapse hole support pipe is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the blasting borehole, and the axial length of the anti-collapse hole support pipe is matched with the depth of the blasting borehole.

[0008] The rapid charge tube is a hollow tube structure with one end closed. The outer diameter of the rapid charge tube is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the anti-collapse hole support tube. The axial length of the rapid charge tube is matched with the design charge length of the segmented detonation. The rapid charge tube is inserted into the anti-collapse hole support tube, and the sealing end of the rapid charge tube is located on the inside.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the through hole on the wall of the anti-collapse hole support pipe is a regular hexagonal through hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the anti-collapse hole support pipe is made of high-strength plastic, fiberglass, or lightweight metal.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the rapid charging tube is filled with explosives, CO eliminator, short section of yellow mud, water-based gun mud and long section of yellow mud in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the use of the anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0013] 1. Effectively prevents borehole collapse: The borehole support device can maintain the stability of the borehole wall after the first blast, avoiding subsequent borehole collapse or blockage, and reducing the need for borehole repair and re-drilling.

[0014] 2. Improved loading efficiency: By using centralized ground loading and overall delivery, the time for secondary loading is greatly shortened, significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0015] 3. Reduce labor intensity: The operation is simple, avoiding repeated filling and compaction at heights, thus reducing manual labor and safety risks.

[0016] 4. Ensure the quality of the explosive charge: The explosive charging device has a stable structure and a clear filling sequence, which can keep the explosive charge compacted and the sealing mud of consistent quality, ensuring uniform transfer of blasting energy.

[0017] 5. Simple structure and strong adaptability: The device is made of general-purpose materials, is lightweight and easy to carry, and is suitable for blasting operations in tunnels with different apertures and depths.

[0018] 6. Good construction continuity: All anti-collapse support pipes can be pre-installed before each blast, so that subsequent blasting does not need to interrupt construction, saving construction time and improving tunneling progress. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-collapse hole support pipe of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the document;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid loading tube of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model after the explosive charge has been loaded.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Blasting borehole, 2. Anti-collapse hole support pipe, 3. Quick-loading charging pipe, 4. Explosive, 5. CO eliminator, 6. Short section of yellow mud, 7. Water-blasting mud, 8. Long section of yellow mud. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings (the direction closer to the bottom of the blasting borehole in the axial direction is referred to as the inner direction, and the direction farther from the bottom of the blasting borehole is referred to as the outer direction).

[0025] This anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting includes an anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 and a rapid charging pipe 3.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 is a hollow tube structure, and the pipe wall of the anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 is densely and evenly distributed with through holes penetrating the pipe wall. The through holes can reduce the weight of the anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 on the one hand, and facilitate the passage of blasting gas and dust after the first detonation, so as to reduce the residual pressure after the first detonation. The anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 can be made of materials with certain rigidity and impact resistance, such as high-strength plastic, fiberglass or lightweight metal. The outer diameter of the anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the blasting borehole, and the axial length of the anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 is matched with the depth of the blasting borehole.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the rapid charging tube 3 is a hollow tube structure with one end closed, and the outer diameter of the rapid charging tube 3 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the anti-collapse hole support tube 2. The axial length of the rapid charging tube 3 is in match with the design charging length of the segmented detonation. The rapid charging tube 3 is inserted into the anti-collapse hole support tube 2, and the sealing end of the rapid charging tube 3 is located on the inner side.

[0028] When using the anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting, explosives can be loaded into the rapid charging tube 3 from the surface. During surface loading, if... Figure 4 As shown, explosives 4, CO eliminator 5, short-section yellow mud 6, water-blasting mud 7, and long-section yellow mud 8 can be sequentially filled into the rapid charging tube 3. Layered and dense filling can be achieved by inserting separator rings, separator gaskets, and other separating components into the rapid charging tube 3 in stages. After drilling the blasting borehole 1 downhole, the anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 is placed into the blasting borehole 1. The anti-collapse hole support pipe 2 can be used to prevent the borehole wall from collapsing, blocking, or deforming, ensuring the borehole is unobstructed and providing support and guidance for subsequent staged detonation and charging operations. Then, the explosives are filled on the surface. The rapid charging tube 3 is pushed into the anti-collapse hole support tube 2 and positioned deep to the bottom of the blasting borehole 1, thus completing the loading of the first detonation explosive. After the first detonation, the subsequent blasting borehole 1 remains stable under the support of the anti-collapse hole support tube 2. When carrying out the second charging, the construction personnel only need to push another rapid charging tube 3 into the anti-collapse hole support tube 2 and position it within the area designed for subsequent segmented detonation to complete the rapid charging and sealing process, which can greatly shorten the second charging time and significantly improve construction efficiency.

[0029] Because the hexagonal honeycomb structure has the advantages of the highest density, the simplest material requirements, and the largest usable space, as a further improvement of this utility model, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the through hole on the wall of the anti-collapse support pipe 2 is a regular hexagonal through hole.

Claims

1. A collapse-prevention hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting, characterized in that, It includes an anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) and a rapid loading pipe (3); The anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) is a hollow pipe structure, and the pipe wall of the anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) is densely and evenly distributed with through holes penetrating the pipe wall. The outer diameter of the anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the blasting borehole, and the axial length of the anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) is matched with the depth of the blasting borehole. The quick-loading tube (3) is a hollow tube structure with one end closed. The outer diameter of the quick-loading tube (3) is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the anti-collapse hole support tube (2). The axial length of the quick-loading tube (3) is in fit with the design charge length of the segmented detonation. The quick-loading tube (3) is inserted into the anti-collapse hole support tube (2), and the sealing end of the quick-loading tube (3) is located on the inner side.

2. The anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through holes on the wall of the anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) are regular hexagonal through holes.

3. The anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-collapse hole support pipe (2) is made of high-strength plastic, fiberglass, or lightweight metal.

4. The anti-collapse hole support and rapid charging device for tunnel blasting excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rapid loading tube (3) is filled with explosive (4), CO eliminator (5), short section of yellow mud (6), water-filled mud (7) and long section of yellow mud (8) from the inside out.

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