A sampler for cutting a soil sample with a retractable cutter

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil sampling device, especially relates to a telescopic cutter cutting soil sampling device. Its technical scheme is: a telescopic cutter cutting and bottom supporting and lifting soil sampling device, including outer tube and the inner tube of setting in the outer tube, the inner wall of outer tube is connected with a plurality of telescopic mechanism, and the other end of telescopic mechanism is connected with cutting knife, when drilling, the end of cutting knife is blocked by inner tube, when lifting inner tube, telescopic mechanism pushes out cutting knife and cuts soil sample in radial. The utility model provides a telescopic cutter cutting and bottom supporting and lifting large diameter soil sampling device of soil disturbance reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of soil sampling devices, and specifically relates to a sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade. Background Technology

[0002] Due to its unique collapsibility, loess requires Class I (undisturbed) soil samples for laboratory testing to assess its collapsibility index. Current drilling techniques primarily use rotary drilling and percussion drilling, with sampling mainly conducted via hammering or static pressure. This method causes significant soil disturbance, and even with samplers conforming to the industry standard "Loess Sampler" (JG / T554-2018), sampling results remain poor due to excessive soil disturbance, limiting its widespread application. Because loess has good wall stability, a loose structure, and is easy to excavate, the current practice in loess areas relies primarily on manually excavated exploratory wells for sampling. These wells are typically 40-50 cm in diameter and range in depth from several meters to tens of meters; however, a well collapse can be fatal, posing a significant safety hazard. To reduce workers' time and labor intensity underground, some exploration units have adopted a combined method of loess drilling and sampling, using mechanical Luoyang shovels and manual sampling. This involves using a mechanical Luoyang shovel to hammer the hole, followed by manual sampling. While hammering inherently increases soil disturbance—greater disturbance closer to the borehole wall and less further away—and allows for more extensive horizontal excavation after drilling, resulting in higher sample quality, it also leads to longer sampling times. Sampling quality is inversely proportional to work efficiency, making it difficult to guarantee consistent quality. Furthermore, some loosely structured loess is prone to borehole collapse after mechanical drilling, posing a continued safety risk.

[0003] To avoid the dangers of manual sampling, we must return to drilling sampling. However, existing soil samplers use hammering, static pressure, or rotary sampling methods, which inevitably disturb the soil sample. The degree of soil sample disturbance decreases from the sample radius towards the center point. As long as we can obtain a soil sample with a sufficiently large diameter while minimizing disturbance, we can obtain a high-quality central soil sample.

[0004] Currently, loess samplers use soil samples with a diameter of 120mm. The laboratory then extracts a test soil sample with a diameter of 7.98mm from the center of the sampler. The test soil sample is about 20mm away from the drilling sample, which is currently difficult to gain industry acceptance. Manual sampling is still preferred.

[0005] To obtain large-diameter soil samples, traditional soil samplers rely on the friction between the soil sample and the inner wall of the sampling tube to break the soil sample and overcome its weight. However, the breaking force and weight are proportional to the square of the soil sample diameter, and the friction area is also proportional to the soil sample diameter. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technology that can increase the friction of the bottom section of the soil sample or cut and support the bottom section of the soil sample without affecting the soil sample in the sampling section, so as to obtain large-diameter soil samples and obtain central soil samples that meet the requirements for use in experiments. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a sampler that uses a telescopic blade to cut soil samples and can reduce soil sample disturbance.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder with the outer cylinder inside. Several telescopic mechanisms are connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to a cutting blade. When drilling down, the end of the cutting blade is blocked by the inner cylinder. When the inner cylinder is lifted, the telescopic mechanism pushes the cutting blade out radially to cut the soil sample.

[0008] Before sampling, the cutting blade is pressed against the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the telescopic mechanism compresses it. The inner and outer cylinders are lowered together, and the soil sample enters the inner cylinder. Then, the inner cylinder is lifted, and the cutting blade extends under the thrust of the telescopic mechanism, radially cutting the soil sample. As the inner cylinder continues to be lifted, the soil sample separates along the cut of the cutting blade, achieving automatic cutting of the soil sample. After cutting the soil sample, the cutting blade supports the lower part of the soil sample, preventing it from slipping relative to the inner cylinder, making it easy to lift the sample out. This invention's cutting blade extends radially to cut the soil sample, minimizing disturbance during the cutting process; the disturbance to the soil sample at its center is further reduced, resulting in a high-quality central soil sample. This invention minimizes soil disturbance during sampling, reliably tests collapsibility indicators, and is suitable for sampling loess.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the telescopic mechanism is a spring, with one end connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the other end connected to the cutting blade. During the drilling process, as the inner and outer cylinders descend together, the cutting blade presses against the outer wall of the inner cylinder, compressing the spring. When the inner cylinder is lifted, the cutting blade is radially pushed out by the spring's restoring force, thus cutting the soil sample. The spring's restoring force needs to be sufficiently large to smoothly drive the cutting blade into the soil sample.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the cutting blade is conical in shape, with its tip pointing towards the inner cylinder. When the inner cylinder is lifted, the tip of the cutting blade penetrates the soil sample, ensuring that the soil sample can be cut smoothly.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the end of the cutting blade is fitted into the limiting groove. During the gas injection process, the end of the cutting blade always slides within the limiting groove, preventing the cutting blade from deflecting and ensuring that the cutting blade can be smoothly pushed out after the inner cylinder is lifted.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a guide mechanism for guiding the cutting blade is connected between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the cutting blade, and a telescopic mechanism is sleeved within the guide mechanism. To prevent the cutting blade from tilting longitudinally under the influence of the inner cylinder, this invention provides a guide mechanism between the cutting blade and the outer cylinder to ensure the stability of the cutting blade's position. Furthermore, the guide mechanism continues to guide the cutting blade during its extension, ensuring that the cutting blade can penetrate radially into the soil sample.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the guiding mechanism includes multiple sleeves arranged in sequence, with a spring sleeved inside the innermost sleeve, a cutting blade connected to the innermost sleeve, and the outermost sleeve connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The multiple sleeves are arranged in sequence to ensure that the cutting blade is always guided during its extension, preventing it from deviating.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a limiting protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, located at the end of the sleeve closer to the outer cylinder. A limiting step is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, located at the end of the sleeve furthest from the outer cylinder. The limiting step on the outer sleeve limits the limiting protrusion of the inner sleeve. After the cutting blade is pushed out by the spring, the limiting step on the outer sleeve blocks the limiting protrusion of the inner sleeve, preventing the inner sleeve from detaching from the outer sleeve and ensuring the stability of the cutting blade's direction.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a blocking mechanism for sealing the gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The blocking mechanism can prevent soil samples from entering the space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, thereby preventing soil from affecting the cutting blade.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the blocking mechanism includes a retaining ring disposed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the retaining ring is fixed to the outer cylinder. The retaining ring can block the annular space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, preventing the soil sample from entering this annular space.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder; a sealing block is provided on the side of the retaining ring near the inner cylinder, and the sealing block covers the limiting groove on the inner cylinder.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The cutting blade of this invention extends under the thrust of a telescopic mechanism to radially cut the soil sample. As the inner cylinder continues to rise, the soil sample separates along the cut of the cutting blade, achieving automatic cutting of the soil sample. Because the cutting blade extends radially to cut the soil sample, the disturbance to the soil sample is minimal during the cutting process; the disturbance to the soil sample at its center is further reduced, resulting in a high-quality central soil sample. This invention minimizes soil sample disturbance during sampling, reliably tests collapsibility indicators, and is suitable for sampling loess. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when the inner cylinder is lifted; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the guide mechanism is extended.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Outer cylinder; 2-Inner cylinder; 3-Spring; 4-Cut blade; 5-Guide mechanism; 6-Blocking mechanism; 21-Limiting groove; 51-Sleeve; 52-Limiting convex ring; 53-Limiting step; 61-Retaining ring; 62-Closing block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the sampler for cutting soil samples with telescopic blades in this embodiment includes an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 2 provided inside the outer cylinder 1. Several telescopic mechanisms are connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to a cutting blade 4. When drilling down, the end of the cutting blade 4 is blocked by the inner cylinder 2. When the inner cylinder 2 is lifted, the telescopic mechanism will radially cut the soil sample with the cutting blade 4.

[0024] Before sampling, the cutting blade 4 is pressed against the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, and the telescopic mechanism compresses it. The inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are lowered together, and the soil sample enters the inner cylinder 2. Then, the inner cylinder 2 is lifted, and the cutting blade 4 extends under the thrust of the telescopic mechanism, cutting the soil sample radially. When the inner cylinder 2 is further lifted, the soil sample separates along the cut of the cutting blade 4, realizing automatic cutting of the soil sample.

[0025] The cutting blade 4 of this invention extends radially to cut the soil sample, minimizing disturbance during the cutting process. Disturbance to the soil sample at its center is further reduced, resulting in a high-quality central soil sample. This invention minimizes soil sample disturbance during sampling, enabling reliable testing of collapsibility indicators, and is suitable for loess sampling.

[0026] After the cutting blade 4 cuts the soil sample, it can support the bottom of the soil sample, preventing the soil sample from slipping relative to the inner cylinder 2, making it easy to lift the soil sample out.

[0027] The telescopic mechanism is a spring 3, with one end connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the other end connected to the cutting blade 4. During the drilling process of the inner cylinder 2 and outer cylinder 1 together, the cutting blade 4 presses against the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, and the spring 3 is in a compressed state. When the inner cylinder 2 is lifted, the cutting blade 4 is radially pushed out under the restoring force of the spring 3, thus cutting the soil sample. The restoring force of the spring 3 needs to be sufficiently large to smoothly push the cutting blade 4 into the soil sample.

[0028] To improve the cutting effect, the cutting blade 4 is conical in shape, with its tip pointing towards the inner cylinder 2. When the inner cylinder 2 is lifted, the tip of the cutting blade 4 penetrates the soil sample, ensuring that the soil sample can be cut smoothly.

[0029] Furthermore, a limiting groove 21 is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, and the end of the cutting blade 4 is fitted into the limiting groove 21. During the process of gas filling the inner cylinder 2, the end of the cutting blade 4 always slides within the limiting groove 21, preventing the cutting blade 4 from deflecting, thereby ensuring that the cutting blade 4 can be smoothly pushed out after the inner cylinder 2 is lifted.

[0030] Furthermore, a guide mechanism 5 for guiding the cutting blade 4 is connected between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the cutting blade 4, and the telescopic mechanism is sleeved within the guide mechanism 5. To prevent the cutting blade 4 from tilting longitudinally under the influence of the inner cylinder 2, this invention provides a guide mechanism 5 between the cutting blade 4 and the outer cylinder 1 to ensure the stability of the cutting blade 4's position. Moreover, the guide mechanism 5 continuously guides the cutting blade 4 during its extension, ensuring that the cutting blade 4 can radially penetrate the soil sample.

[0031] Specifically, the guiding mechanism 5 includes multiple sleeves 51 arranged in sequence. The spring 3 is sleeved inside the innermost sleeve 51, the cutting blade 4 is connected to the innermost sleeve 51, and the outermost sleeve 51 is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. The multiple sleeves 51 are arranged in sequence so that the cutting blade 4 can always be guided during its extension, ensuring that the cutting blade 4 does not deviate when it extends.

[0032] To ensure mutual restraint among the multiple sleeves 51, a limiting protrusion 52 is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 51, located at the end of the sleeve 51 closest to the outer cylinder 1. A limiting step 53 is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 51, located at the end of the sleeve 51 furthest from the outer cylinder 1. The limiting step 53 on the outer sleeve 51 restrains the limiting protrusion 52 of the inner sleeve 51. After the cutting blade 4 is pushed out by the spring 3, the limiting step 53 on the outer sleeve 51 blocks the limiting protrusion 52 of the inner sleeve 51, preventing the inner sleeve 51 from dislodging from the outer sleeve 51 and ensuring the stability of the cutting blade 4 in direction.

[0033] Furthermore, the lower end of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a blocking mechanism 6 for sealing the gap between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2. The blocking mechanism 6 can prevent soil samples from entering the space between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, thereby preventing soil from affecting the cutting blade 4.

[0034] The blocking mechanism 6 includes a retaining ring 61, which is positioned between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 and is fixed to the outer cylinder 1. The retaining ring 61 can block the annular space between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1, preventing soil samples from entering this annular space.

[0035] A sealing block 62 is provided on the side of the retaining ring 61 near the inner cylinder 2 to block the limiting groove 21 on the inner cylinder 2.

[0036] The soil sampling method using a telescopic cutter in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1: The cutting blade 4 presses against the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, and the telescopic mechanism compresses; S2: The inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are drilled down together, and the soil sample enters the inner cylinder 2; S3: Lift the inner cylinder 2, and the cutting blade 4 extends under the thrust of the telescopic mechanism to cut the soil sample radially. This utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments. Anyone can derive other forms of products under the guidance of this utility model. However, regardless of any changes made in its shape or structure, any technical solution that falls within the scope of the claims of this utility model shall be protected by this utility model.

Claims

1. A sampler with a telescopic blade for cutting soil samples, characterized in that: It includes an outer cylinder (1) and an inner cylinder (2) with the outer cylinder (1) inside. Several telescopic mechanisms are connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1), and the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to a cutting blade (4). When drilling, the end of the cutting blade (4) is blocked by the inner cylinder (2). When the inner cylinder (2) is lifted, the telescopic mechanism pushes the cutting blade (4) out to radially cut the soil sample.

2. The sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is a spring (3), one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1), and the other end of which is connected to the cutting blade (4).

3. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade (4) is conical in shape, with the tip of the cutting blade (4) facing the inner cylinder (2).

4. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (2) has a limiting groove (21) on its outer wall, and the end of the cutting blade (4) is fitted into the limiting groove (21).

5. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) is connected to the cutting blade (4) by a guide mechanism (5) for guiding the cutting blade (4), and the telescopic mechanism is sleeved inside the guide mechanism (5).

6. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism (5) includes multiple sleeves (51) arranged in sequence. The spring (3) is sleeved in the innermost sleeve (51), the cutting blade (4) is connected to the innermost sleeve (51), and the outermost sleeve (51) is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1).

7. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting protrusion ring (52) is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (51). The limiting protrusion ring (52) is located at the end of the sleeve (51) close to the outer cylinder (1). A limiting step (53) is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (51). The limiting step (53) is located at the end of the sleeve (51) away from the outer cylinder (1). The limiting step (53) on the outer sleeve (51) limits the limiting protrusion ring (52) of the inner sleeve (51).

8. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with a blocking mechanism (6) for sealing the gap between the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2).

9. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blocking mechanism (6) includes a retaining ring (61), which is located between the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2), and the retaining ring (61) is fixed to the outer cylinder (1).

10. A sampler for cutting soil samples with a telescopic blade according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (2) has a limiting groove (21) on its outer wall; the retaining ring (61) has a sealing block (62) on the side near the inner cylinder (2), and the sealing block (62) blocks the limiting groove (21) on the inner cylinder (2).

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