A pendulum impact testing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering test technical field, proposes a pendulum collision test device, including fixed base, fixed clamp, H type structure frame, lift load beam, collision mechanism and control box, fixed clamp is installed on fixed base fixed measured sample, H type structure frame sets up two, installs in fixed base both sides respectively, lift load beam both sides set up vertical sliding block, with two H type structure frame vertical sliding connection, collision mechanism top installs horizontal sliding block, with lift load beam below horizontal sliding connection, control box installs in one H type structure frame, including man -machine interface, host computer control system, servo driver and test counter, servo driver connects host computer control system, host computer control system connects man -machine interface, man -machine interface connects test counter. The utility model has solved the problem of insufficient precision of test device, manual regulation is not enough accurate, secondary collision influences test result, the problem that the expansion impact energy is difficult.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering testing technology, and in particular to a pendulum collision testing device. Background Technology

[0002] A pendulum impact tester is a specialized device that uses the impact force generated by the free fall of a pendulum to test the impact resistance of materials or structural components under instantaneous impact loads. In existing technology, pendulum impact testers typically perform the test in the following ways: First, there are methods for adjusting the pendulum weight. Depending on the required impact force, pendulums of different masses need to be manually replaced. Pendulum specifications vary, and changing them is cumbersome. Each adjustment requires stopping the machine, and manual operation takes up a significant portion of the time, making continuous testing impossible. This not only results in low testing efficiency but also increases safety hazards for personnel. Second, there are methods for adjusting the pendulum arm height. For pendulums of the same mass, the impact force can be indirectly controlled by changing the release height. However, due to the limited height, the controllable range of impact force is small, limiting its application.

[0003] For example, existing technology describes a device and its specific working process for impact testing of the casing of a welding power source. The process involves: placing the welding power source, determining the swing angle θ based on the mass of the pendulum, manually adjusting the pendulum angle, and releasing the pendulum. When the pendulum collides with the casing, it generates an impact energy of 10 Nm. This device has the following problems: 1. Insufficient precision of the testing equipment: The testing setup neglects the weight of the pendulum arm and hammer clamp, which can cause the impact force on the tested equipment to fall short of the desired impact energy. The national standard only states that the deflection of the support shaft should not exceed 1.5mm, but this setup does not measure the deflection amount, leading to significant errors if measured by personnel. Furthermore, the support shaft of the measuring device is only fixed to the vertical support at one end. Prolonged use and heavy pendulums can significantly affect the deflection of the support shaft. If the deflection exceeds 1.5mm during testing, it will severely impact the test accuracy.

[0004] 2. Manual adjustment is inaccurate and unsafe: In actual testing, the pendulum is generally required to impact the center of the protective casing. However, the tested equipment is diverse, with significant differences in height, length, and other parameters between different models. When testing different welding power sources with this device, the height and horizontal position of the pendulum need to be manually adjusted. This adjustment process is not precise enough, and manual adjustment poses safety hazards.

[0005] 3. The impact of secondary collisions on test results During the test, the first impact will generate an elastic force that will bounce the pendulum back. Because the test personnel are outside the safe distance, the bouncing pendulum will be uncontrollable and will make a second impact, which will seriously affect the test results.

[0006] 4. Difficulty in expanding impact energy When the weight of the pendulum is small, a large angle needs to be raised to obtain the desired impact energy (for example, when the pendulum arm is 1m long and the weight of the pendulum is 1kg, the pendulum needs to be raised to 90° to obtain 10Nm of impact energy), which requires a large safety space when operating the equipment.

[0007] When the required impact energy changes, the pendulum weight, pendulum arm length, and pendulum angle need to be redesigned, making it difficult to extend to other industry applications. For example, when the required impact energy is relatively large, a very long pendulum arm or a very heavy pendulum is needed, which is difficult to achieve with equipment. Regardless of which parameter is changed, it is difficult to carry out the test process manually (if the pendulum arm is too long, it will exceed the limit of what a person can lift; if the pendulum is too heavy, the tester may not be able to lift the pendulum to the appropriate pendulum angle). Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a pendulum impact testing device that obtains the desired impact energy by setting the angular velocity of the pendulum when it contacts the sample being tested. This solves the problems of insufficient accuracy of the testing device, inaccurate manual adjustment, lack of safety, secondary collision affecting the test results, and difficulty in expanding the impact energy.

[0009] The solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: A pendulum collision testing device includes a fixed base, a fixed clamp, an H-shaped frame, a lifting beam, a collision mechanism, and a control box; The fixing clamp is installed on the fixing base to fix the sample to be tested; Two H-shaped frame structures are provided, respectively installed on both sides of the fixed base; Vertical sliders are provided on both sides of the lifting beam, which are vertically slidably connected to two H-shaped structural frames; A horizontal slider is installed above the collision mechanism and is horizontally slidably connected to the lower part of the lifting beam. The control box is mounted on one of the H-shaped frame structures and includes a human-machine interface, a host computer control system, a servo driver, and a test counter; the servo driver is connected to the host computer control system; the host computer control system is connected to the human-machine interface; and the human-machine interface is connected to the test counter.

[0010] Furthermore, the collision mechanism includes a weight sensor, a swing drive motor, a swing reducer, a swing arm, and a pendulum; the swing drive motor is connected to the swing reducer, the motor shaft of the swing drive motor is connected to the swing arm, and the swing arm drives the pendulum to move; the weight sensor is installed between the swing arm and the pendulum.

[0011] Furthermore, the human-machine interface integrates a touch screen, physical buttons, and relays.

[0012] Furthermore, the swing drive motor integrates an angle encoder to collect the swing angle data of the swing arm in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, vertical guide rails are provided on both sides of each H-shaped frame; the vertical sliders on both sides of the lifting beam are clamped and connected to the vertical guide rails.

[0014] Furthermore, a vertical screw is installed between the vertical guide rails on both sides of each H-shaped frame, and the vertical screw is threadedly connected to both sides of the lifting beam.

[0015] Furthermore, a vertical drive motor is installed on top of one side of the H-shaped frame, and vertical reducers are installed on top of both sides of the H-shaped frame. The vertical reducers are connected by a drive shaft, the vertical drive motor is connected to the drive shaft, and the output shaft of the vertical reducer is connected to the vertical lead screw on the corresponding side.

[0016] Furthermore, two horizontal guide rails are provided below the lifting beam; the horizontal slider above the collision mechanism is clamped to the horizontal guide rails; and a level sensor is installed in the horizontal slider.

[0017] Furthermore, a horizontal lead screw is installed between the horizontal guide rails, and the horizontal lead screw is threadedly connected to the collision mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, a horizontal drive motor is installed on one side below the lifting beam, equipped with a horizontal reducer. The drive shaft of the horizontal drive motor is inserted into the input shaft hole of the horizontal reducer, and the output shaft of the horizontal reducer is connected to the horizontal lead screw.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The testing process of this invention eliminates the weight error of the pendulum arm; by setting the angular velocity of the pendulum sample when it is tested, the desired impact energy can be obtained, which can offset the influence of frictional resistance and air resistance during the rotation of the pendulum; the H-shaped double guide rail frame is connected to the lifting beam through a slider, which solves the problem of instability of the single-end support structure; the horizontal sensor detects the deflection in real time to prevent the deflection from affecting the results.

[0020] This invention uses a horizontal lead screw and a horizontal drive motor to adjust the horizontal movement of the collision mechanism, and a vertical lead screw and a vertical drive motor to adjust the vertical movement of the lifting beam, which improves the positioning accuracy compared to manual adjustment. The operator operates the human-machine interface away from the impact area. The servo motor is connected to the swing arm and can brake after a collision to avoid injury to the operator.

[0021] This invention can obtain the desired impact energy as long as the motor torque is appropriate and a very small swing angle is set; for different pendulum weights, there is no need to adjust the swing angle, the system can automatically calculate the required pendulum impact angular velocity based on the pendulum weight to complete the test.

[0022] This invention does not rely on the gravitational potential energy conversion of a pendulum to generate impact energy, and can be easily extended to testing in other industries.

[0023] Advantages of the present invention in additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pendulum collision testing device in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the control system in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] The components include: 1. Fixing clamp; 2. Sample to be tested; 3. Fixing base; 4. H-shaped frame; 5. Swing drive motor; 6. Control box; 7. Horizontal drive motor; 8. Vertical lead screw; 9. Vertical drive motor; 10. Vertical guide rail; 11. Horizontal slider; 12. Vertical slider; 13. Horizontal guide rail; 14. Lifting beam; 15. Horizontal lead screw; 16. Collision mechanism; 17. Pendulum. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this utility model.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment discloses a pendulum collision testing device, characterized by comprising a fixed base 3, a fixing clamp 1, an H-shaped frame 4, a lifting beam 14, a collision mechanism 16, and a control box 6. The fixing clamp 1 is mounted on the fixed base 3 to fix the sample 2 to be tested; two H-shaped frames 4 are provided, respectively mounted on both sides of the fixed base 3. Vertical sliders 12 are provided on both sides of the lifting beam 14, vertically slidingly connected to the two H-shaped frames 4; a horizontal slider 11 is installed above the collision mechanism 16, horizontally slidingly connected to the lower part of the lifting beam 14. The control box 6 is mounted on one of the H-shaped frames 4 and includes a human-machine interface, a host computer control system, a servo driver, and a test counter; the servo driver is connected to the host computer control system; the host computer control system is connected to the human-machine interface; and the human-machine interface is connected to the test counter.

[0030] Specifically, the collision mechanism 16 includes a weight sensor, a swing drive motor 5, a swing reducer, a swing arm, and a pendulum 17; the swing drive motor 5 is connected to the swing reducer; the motor shaft of the swing drive motor 5 is connected to the swing arm, and the swing arm drives the pendulum 17 to move; the weight sensor is installed between the swing arm and the pendulum to detect the weight of the pendulum 17.

[0031] The swing drive motor 5 integrates an angle encoder to collect the swing angle data of the swing arm in real time.

[0032] Specifically, each H-shaped frame 4 has vertical guide rails 10 on both sides; the vertical sliders 12 on both sides of the lifting beam 14 are snapped into the vertical guide rails 10. A vertical lead screw 8 is installed between the vertical guide rails 10 on both sides of each H-shaped frame 4, and the vertical lead screw 8 is threadedly connected to both sides of the lifting beam 14. A vertical drive motor 9 is installed above one side of the H-shaped frame 4, and vertical reducers are installed above both sides of the H-shaped frame 4. The vertical reducers are connected via a drive shaft, and the vertical drive motor 9 is connected to the drive shaft, simultaneously driving both vertical reducers. The output shaft of the vertical reducer is connected to the vertical lead screw on the corresponding side.

[0033] Two horizontal guide rails 13 are installed below the lifting beam 14; a horizontal slider 11 above the collision mechanism 16 is snapped into the horizontal guide rails 13; a level sensor is installed in the horizontal slider 11, and the level sensor is connected to the host computer control system of the control box 6. A horizontal lead screw 15 is installed between the horizontal guide rails 13, and the horizontal lead screw 15 is threadedly connected to the collision mechanism 16. A horizontal drive motor 7 is installed on one side below the lifting beam 14, equipped with a horizontal reducer. The drive shaft of the horizontal drive motor 7 is inserted into the input shaft hole of the horizontal reducer, and the output shaft of the horizontal reducer is connected to the horizontal lead screw 15, which can adjust the horizontal position of the collision mechanism 16.

[0034] Specifically, the human-machine interface integrates a touchscreen, physical buttons, and relays. In this embodiment, the operator can control the horizontal movement of the collision mechanism 16 and the vertical movement of the lifting beam 14 by operating the X and Y axis directional keys on the touchscreen or by using physical buttons such as a handheld remote control box; input the collision energy on the human-machine interface, which is transmitted to the host computer control system to control the motor speed and swing angle; and control the number of test runs through relays.

[0035] Specifically, the host computer control system, as an auxiliary part of this utility model device, includes a parameter storage module, a speed calculation module, a swing angle conversion module, a comparator module, and a regulator module. The parameter storage module is connected to the data output terminal of the human-machine interface, the first input terminal of the comparator module, and the angle encoder, respectively; the speed calculation module is connected to the second input terminal of the angle encoder and the comparator module, respectively; the regulator module includes a common proportional-integral amplifier circuit, with its input terminal connected to the difference output terminal of the comparator module and its output terminal connected to the servo driver; the swing angle conversion module is connected to the angle encoder.

[0036] Specifically, The parameter storage module includes a memory, a data output terminal connected to the human-machine interface, and receives the input impact energy. The number of trials N, the length of the pendulum arm r, and the mass of the pendulum m; the energy stored in the memory. -Maximum swing angle Conversion formula (assuming all gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy) and energy -Motor theoretical speed The conversion formula will convert the maximum swing angle. Input the angle encoder to convert the theoretical motor speed. The first input terminal of the input comparator module.

[0037] (1) Energy -Maximum swing angle Conversion formula:

[0038]

[0039] in, Given collision energy (J); : Gravitational potential energy (J); m: mass of the pendulum (kg); g: acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m / s²) 2 r: length of swing arm (m); Maximum swing angle (rad).

[0040] (2) Energy -speed Conversion formula:

[0041]

[0042] in, Theoretical speed of the motor (rad / s).

[0043] It should be noted that the above-mentioned pre-stored conversion formulas are all existing formulas and common knowledge in this field, and this embodiment has not improved them.

[0044] The angle encoder acquires the pendulum's angle change Δθ over 17 unit time in real time, as well as the maximum pendulum angle transmitted by the parameter storage module. The pulse signal corresponding to the angle change Δθ is output to the speed calculation module to calculate the maximum swing angle. The corresponding voltage signal V_θ is output to the swing angle conversion module.

[0045] The rotational speed calculation module includes an RC network, which inputs the pulse signal corresponding to the angle change Δθ provided by the angle encoder into the RC network and performs hardware differentiation on the pulse signal.

[0046] The output differential signal is sent to the signal amplification circuit, which amplifies the differential signal. The amplified differential signal is then directly used as the actual rotational speed. The second input terminal of the input comparator module. The RC network for hardware differentiation of the pulse signal and the signal amplification circuit are both well-known existing technologies in the field. The actual rotational speed... The calculations are performed entirely by hardware circuits and do not depend on software algorithms.

[0047] The comparator module includes a voltage comparator chip, and its first input receives the theoretical motor speed from the parameter storage module. The second input terminal receives the actual rotational speed from the rotational speed calculation module. The difference output terminal is connected to the regulator module.

[0048] The regulator module receives the speed difference output by the comparator module and converts it into a command signal u(t) which is then output to the servo driver to adjust the motor speed and ensure the accuracy of energy during a collision.

[0049] The swing angle conversion module includes a voltage comparator, an adjustable resistor divider network, and a multiplexer. The multiplexer pin is connected to the output of the voltage comparator. The voltage comparator sets a first threshold V_30 and a second threshold V_60, and receives the maximum swing angle. The corresponding voltage signal V_θ.

[0050] When V_θ < V_30, the voltage comparator outputs a low-level signal to the A0 pin of the multiplexer to strobe the direct-through channel; when V_θ ≥ V_30, the voltage comparator outputs a high-level signal to the A1 pin of the multiplexer, triggering the adjustable resistor voltage divider network to strobe the voltage divider circuit; When V_30 ≤ V_θ < V_60, the ×50% voltage divider circuit is strobed; when V_θ ≥ V_60, the ×33% voltage divider circuit is strobed; The output voltage signal is fed back to an angle encoder, which converts it into a test swing angle , and the swing driving motor 5 drives the pendulum to perform angle adjustment.

[0051] It should be noted that selective output by the voltage comparator through comparison of voltage signals is easily implemented in the prior art, specific rules can be set according to actual needs, and no improvement to software algorithms is involved.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first threshold V_30 is set to 2.5V via a 10kΩ adjustable resistor, and the adjustable second threshold V_60 is set to 5V; in the adjustable resistor voltage divider network, the ×33% voltage divider circuit adopts voltage division through series connection of a 20kΩ adjustable resistor and a 10kΩ fixed resistor, and the ×50% voltage divider circuit adopts voltage division through series connection of an adjustable resistor and a 50kΩ fixed resistor.

[0053] The test counter is connected to the relay driving pin of the human-machine interface. The number N of test runs is set, and the number of tests n is accumulated after the impact test starts. When n<N, a high level is output to make the relay contact close, forming a closed loop with the test start button to restart the test; when n=N, a low level is output, and the relay contact is mechanically disconnected.

[0054] In this embodiment, the specific working principle of the pendulum collision test device is as follows: Self-inspection is performed after the equipment is powered on to check whether the pendulum has been installed, and if the pendulum has been installed, the pendulum is removed. After the pendulum is removed, the weight of the pendulum arm is measured by the weight sensor and the data is zeroed to eliminate the influence of the pendulum arm weight and improve the test accuracy. After installing the pendulum, the weight of the pendulum is measured by the weight sensor. Horizontal correction is performed via a horizontal sensor to eliminate the influence of the deflection of the lifting carrier beam in the vertical direction on the test. If the horizontal correction is unqualified, the horizontal calibration of the equipment needs to be performed again. After the impact test starts, the number of tests n is accumulated, and the impact energy is input on the human-machine interface The test run number N, the swing arm length r, and the pendulum mass m are output to the parameter storage module to obtain the theoretical motor speed and maximum swing angle. The actual speed is obtained through the speed calculation module, the speed difference is obtained through the comparator module, the speed difference is converted into a command signal by the regulator module and input to the servo driver to adjust the motor speed, and the test swing angle is obtained through the swing drive motor to drive the pendulum to adjust the angle. If the number of tests n is less than the set number N, the test is repeated once. When n=N, the test ends.

[0055] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pendulum collision testing device, characterized in that, Includes a fixed base, a fixed clamp, an H-shaped frame, a lifting beam, a collision mechanism, and a control box; The fixing clamp is installed on the fixing base to fix the sample to be tested; Two H-shaped frame structures are provided, respectively installed on both sides of the fixed base; Vertical sliders are provided on both sides of the lifting beam, which are vertically slidably connected to two H-shaped structural frames; A horizontal slider is installed above the collision mechanism and is horizontally slidably connected to the lower part of the lifting beam. The control box is mounted on one of the H-shaped frame structures and includes a human-machine interface, a host computer control system, a servo driver, and a test counter; the servo driver is connected to the host computer control system; the host computer control system is connected to the human-machine interface; and the human-machine interface is connected to the test counter.

2. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collision mechanism includes a weight sensor, a swing drive motor, a swing reducer, a swing arm, and a pendulum; the swing drive motor is connected to the swing reducer, the motor shaft of the swing drive motor is connected to the swing arm, and the swing arm drives the pendulum to move; the weight sensor is installed between the swing arm and the pendulum.

3. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The human-machine interface integrates a touch screen, physical buttons, and relays.

4. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The swing drive motor integrates an angle encoder to collect the swing angle data of the swing arm in real time.

5. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each H-shaped frame is equipped with vertical guide rails on both sides; the vertical sliders on both sides of the lifting beam are clamped to the vertical guide rails.

6. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Each H-shaped frame is equipped with a vertical lead screw between the vertical guide rails on both sides, and the vertical lead screw is threadedly connected to both sides of the lifting beam.

7. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A vertical drive motor is installed on top of one side of the H-shaped frame, and vertical reducers are installed on top of both sides of the H-shaped frame. The vertical reducers are connected by a drive shaft, the vertical drive motor is connected to the drive shaft, and the output shaft of the vertical reducer is connected to the vertical lead screw on the corresponding side.

8. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two horizontal guide rails are provided below the lifting beam; the horizontal slider above the collision mechanism is connected to the horizontal guide rails; a level sensor is installed in the horizontal slider.

9. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A horizontal lead screw is installed between the horizontal guide rails, and the horizontal lead screw is threadedly connected to the collision mechanism.

10. The pendulum collision testing device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A horizontal drive motor is installed on one side below the lifting beam, equipped with a horizontal reducer. The drive shaft of the horizontal drive motor is inserted into the input shaft hole of the horizontal reducer, and the output shaft of the horizontal reducer is connected to the horizontal lead screw.

Images