A multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instruments

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface systems, it is related to electric vehicle instrument communication technical field, including instrument main control panel and communication interface board, wherein, the instrument main control panel includes MCU, power management module and photocoupler isolation drive module, communication interface board includes double-line communication module, UART module and BLE module, the communication interface board is connected with whole vehicle control device;The MCU is connected with double-line communication module, UART module and BLE module by photocoupler isolation drive module, the MCU carries out double-line communication with whole vehicle control device by double-line communication module, and carries out wireless communication with whole vehicle control device by BLE module when double-line communication fault;The power management module is connected with MCU, double-line communication module and BLE module, for powering MCU, double-line communication module and BLE module.The system can improve the reliability and expansibility of instrument communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology for electric vehicle instruments, and in particular to a multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instruments. Background Technology

[0002] Current electric vehicle instrument panels mostly use a single communication interface (such as CAN or BLE) to communicate with the controller or external devices. When the communication link fails, there is a lack of redundancy mechanism, resulting in poor reliability. At the same time, the access of multiple source devices is limited, the scalability is insufficient, and it is difficult to support advanced intelligent functions such as CarPlay / HiCar and cloud OTA. Utility Model Content

[0003] In response to the aforementioned problems and technical requirements, the applicant has proposed a multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instruments.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: An electric vehicle instrument panel multi-source communication interface system includes an instrument panel main control board and a communication interface board. The instrument panel main control board includes an MCU, a power management module, and an optocoupler isolation drive module. The communication interface board includes a two-wire communication module, a UART module, and a BLE module. The communication interface board is connected to the vehicle control equipment. The MCU is connected to the two-wire communication module, UART module and BLE module through the optocoupler isolation driver module. The MCU communicates with the vehicle control equipment through the two-wire communication module and communicates wirelessly with the vehicle control equipment through the BLE module when the two-wire communication fails. The power management module is connected to the MCU, the two-wire communication module, and the BLE module, and is used to supply power to the MCU, the two-wire communication module, and the BLE module.

[0005] A further technical solution is that the MCU includes a UART interface and a two-wire communication interface. The UART module and the BLE module are connected to the UART interface through an optocoupler isolation driver module, and the two-wire communication interface module is connected to the two-wire communication interface module through an optocoupler isolation driver module.

[0006] A further technical solution is that the dual-wire communication module includes a dual-wire communication chip U8, resistors R83, R84, R6, R97, and R211, capacitors C59, C62, C64, C65, C66, C67, and C10, fuses F1 and F2, Zener diodes D21, D22, and D23, wherein... The eighth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the power management module through resistor R83. The seventh pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to one end of fuse F1, one end of resistor R81, the negative terminal of Zener diode D23, the negative terminal of Zener diode D22, and one end of capacitor C66. The other end of resistor R81 is connected to one end of capacitor C64. The other end of capacitor C64 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C66 is grounded through capacitor C62. The sixth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the positive terminal of Zener diode D23, the negative terminal of Zener diode D21, one end of fuse F2, one end of capacitor C65, and one end of resistor R46. The other end of resistor R86 is connected to one end of capacitor C64. The other end of capacitor C65 is grounded through capacitor C59. The positive terminals of Zener diodes D21 and D22 are grounded. The positive terminal of Zener diode D23 is connected to the sixth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8. The five pins are grounded through capacitor C67. The other ends of fuses F1 and F2 are connected to the two-wire communication interface through an optocoupler isolation driver module. The first pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the vehicle control equipment through resistor R97. The fourth pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the vehicle control equipment through resistor R211. The third pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the power management module. The third pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the second pin through capacitor C10 and grounded.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the power management module includes a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit. The first conversion unit is used to convert the vehicle power supply voltage into a first voltage, and the second conversion unit is used to convert the first voltage into a second voltage. The first conversion unit includes a power chip, resistors R61, R63, R66, R69, and R71, capacitors C46, ​​C49, and C13, inductor L3, diode D8, resistors R62, R67, and R72, capacitors C50, C18, C24, and C44, wherein... The first pin of the power chip is connected to one end of capacitor C49, one end of capacitor C46 and one end of resistor R61 and connected to the vehicle power supply. The other ends of capacitor C49 and capacitor C46 are grounded, and the other end of resistor R61 is connected to the second pin of the power chip. The second pin of the power chip is also grounded through resistor R71, the sixth pin of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor R63, the third pin of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor R69 through resistor R66, and the other end of resistor R69 is grounded.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the seventh pin of the power chip is connected to the eighth pin of the power chip through capacitor C13. The eighth pin of the power chip is connected to one end of inductor L3 and the negative terminal of diode D8. The positive terminal of diode D8 is grounded. The other end of inductor L3 is connected to one end of resistor R62, one end of capacitor C50 and one end of capacitor C18, forming the output terminal of the first voltage. The other end of resistor R62 is connected to one end of resistor R67. The other end of resistor R67 is connected to one end of resistor R72, the other end of capacitor C50, and the fifth pin of the power chip. The other end of resistor R72 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C18 is grounded. Capacitors C24 and C44 are connected in parallel with capacitor C18.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the second conversion unit includes a voltage regulator chip U1, a capacitor C1, resistors R12, R14, R8, R13, R10, and a capacitor C4, wherein... One end of capacitor C1 is connected to the first voltage output terminal and the fourth pin of voltage regulator chip U1, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. The third pin of voltage regulator chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R12, and the other end of resistor R12 is connected to one end of resistor R14 and the output terminal of the first power supply voltage. The other end of resistor R14 is grounded. One end of resistor R8 is connected to the fifth pin of voltage regulator chip U1, one end of capacitor C4 and one end of resistor R10, forming the second voltage output terminal. The other end of capacitor C4 and the other end of resistor R10 are grounded. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the first pin of voltage regulator chip U1 and grounded through resistor R13.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the instrument main control board also includes a data cache module for storing communication data, and the data cache module is connected to the power management module and the SPI bus interface of the MCU.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the main control board of the instrument is equipped with interface J1, antenna feeder interface J2 and ribbon cable interface J3; The vehicle control equipment is connected to the dual-wire communication module via interface J1, the BLE module is connected to the antenna feeder interface J2, and the antenna feeder interface J2 is connected to an antenna cable; the dual-wire communication module and the UART module are connected to the optocoupler isolation driver module via the ribbon cable interface J3.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the instrument main control board and the communication interface board are disposed in a protective housing, the protective housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing that are adapted and assembled, and the lower housing includes a fixed bracket; The instrument main control board and communication interface board are rectangular, and mounting holes are provided at the four corners of the instrument main control board and communication interface board. The fixed bracket is fixed with studs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of the instrument main control board. The studs pass through the mounting holes of the instrument main control board and are locked with screws. The instrument's main control board is fixed with mounting posts that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of the communication interface board. The mounting posts pass through the mounting holes of the communication interface board and are locked in place with screws.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the upper housing is provided with an antenna wave-transmitting area, and the antenna cable is arranged adjacent to the antenna wave-transmitting area.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are: The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system provided by this utility model integrates multiple communication forms such as CAN, BLE, RS485, and UART, which can be flexibly adapted to different vehicle models and peripherals. In addition, it can switch to the backup communication link (BLE) when the main communication link (CAN / RS485) is abnormal, thereby improving the reliability and scalability of communication and providing basic support for the intelligent network function of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instrument provided by this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the dual-line communication module provided by this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the first conversion unit provided by this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the second conversion unit provided by this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an application embodiment of the multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instruments provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0021] This utility model provides a multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instrument panels, aiming to integrate and redundancy multiple communication protocols on the instrument panel, improve communication reliability and scalability, and provide basic support for vehicle intelligent connectivity functions. Please refer to... Figure 1The system includes an instrument panel main control board and a communication interface board. The instrument panel main control board includes an MCU, a power management module, and an optocoupler isolation driver module. The communication interface board includes a two-wire communication module, a UART module, and a BLE module. The communication interface board is connected to the vehicle control equipment. The MCU is connected to the two-wire communication module, UART module, and BLE module via an optocoupler isolation driver module. The MCU communicates with the vehicle control equipment via the two-wire communication module and communicates wirelessly with the vehicle control equipment via the BLE module in case of a two-wire communication failure. The power management module is connected to the MCU, the two-wire communication module, and the BLE module and is used to supply power to the MCU, the two-wire communication module, and the BLE module.

[0022] Specifically, the vehicle control equipment includes an ECU (Electric Control Unit), a BMS (Battery Management System), and an intelligent central control unit. The UART module and the two-wire communication module are connected to the vehicle control equipment. The MCU establishes a two-wire communication link as the primary communication link through the two-wire communication module. The UART module is used to detect the level signal output by the vehicle control equipment. The MCU establishes a wireless communication link with the vehicle control equipment through the BLE (Bluetooth) module as a backup communication link. When the MCU detects an abnormality in the primary communication link, it can automatically switch the communication path to the backup communication link to ensure stable communication.

[0023] The MCU includes a UART interface and a two-wire communication interface. The BLE module and UART module are connected to the UART interface via an optocoupler isolation driver module, and the two-wire communication interface module is connected to the two-wire communication interface module via the optocoupler isolation driver module. The instrument main control board also includes a data cache module for storing communication data. The data cache module is connected to the SPI bus interface via an SPI bus, and the power management module is connected to the data cache module to supply power.

[0024] The optocoupler isolation drive module is used to achieve electrical isolation. The optocoupler isolation module can be set in the middle and lower part of the instrument main control board, and an isolation strip is arranged below the area where the optocoupler isolation drive module is located. The ground potentials of the instrument main control board and the communication interface board are different, and ground potentials GND1 and GND2 are used respectively.

[0025] The data caching module can be composed of NOR Flash and SRAM. Typically, the NOR Flash can be divided into a primary link buffer, a backup link buffer, and a retransmission and historical message buffer. The primary / backup link buffer is used to store the communication data of the primary / backup communication link, and the retransmission and historical message buffer is used to ensure data continuity during link switching. The specific working mode of the primary link buffer, backup link buffer, and retransmission and historical message buffer can be consistent with the existing technology.

[0026] The dual-wire communication module can establish CAN communication or RS485 communication with the vehicle control equipment according to the communication protocol adopted by the vehicle control equipment. In this embodiment, the dual-wire communication module includes a dual-wire communication chip U8 (model can be TJA1042T), resistors R83, R84, R6, R97, R211, capacitors C59, C62, C64, C65, C66, C67, C10, fuses F1 and F2, and a Zener diode D2. 1. Zener diodes D22 and D23, wherein the eighth pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the power management module through resistor R83, the seventh pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to one end of fuse F1, one end of resistor R81, the negative terminal of Zener diode D23, the negative terminal of Zener diode D22, and one end of capacitor C66, the other end of resistor R81 is connected to one end of capacitor C64, the other end of capacitor C64 is grounded, and the other end of capacitor C66 is grounded through capacitor C62; The sixth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the positive terminal of Zener diode D23, the negative terminal of Zener diode D21, one end of fuse F2, one end of capacitor C65, and one end of resistor R46. The other end of resistor R86 is connected to one end of capacitor C64. The other end of capacitor C65 is grounded through capacitor C59. The positive terminals of Zener diodes D21 and D22 are grounded. The positive terminal of Zener diode D23 is connected to the sixth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8. The five pins are grounded through capacitor C67. The other ends of fuses F1 and F2 are connected to the two-wire communication interface through an optocoupler isolation driver module. The first pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the vehicle control equipment through resistor R97. The fourth pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the vehicle control equipment through resistor R211. The third pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the power management module. The third pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the second pin through capacitor C10 and grounded.

[0027] Furthermore, the power management module includes a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit. The first conversion unit is used to convert the vehicle power supply voltage into a first voltage, and the second conversion unit is used to convert the first voltage into a second voltage. In this embodiment, the first voltage is 5V and the second voltage is 3.3V.

[0028] The first conversion unit includes a power chip (model SYV158), resistors R61, R63, R66, R69, and R71, capacitors C46, ​​C49, and C13, inductor L3, diode D8, resistors R62, R67, and R72, capacitors C50, C18, C24, and C44, wherein... like Figure 3 As shown, the first pin of the power chip is connected to one end of capacitor C49, one end of capacitor C46, ​​and one end of resistor R61 and is connected to the vehicle power supply. The other ends of capacitors C49 and C46 are grounded, and the other end of resistor R61 is connected to the second pin of the power chip. The second pin of the power chip is also grounded through resistor R71. The sixth pin of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor R63. The third pin of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor R69 through resistor R66, and the other end of resistor R69 is grounded. The seventh pin of the power chip is connected to the eighth pin of the power chip through capacitor C13. The eighth pin of the power chip is connected to one end of inductor L3 and the negative terminal of diode D8. The positive terminal of diode D8 is grounded. The other end of inductor L3 is connected to one end of resistor R62, one end of capacitor C50, and one end of capacitor C18, forming the output terminal of the first voltage. The other end of resistor R6 can also serve as the first voltage output terminal. The other end of resistor R62 is connected to one end of resistor R67. The other end of resistor R67 is connected to one end of resistor R72, the other end of capacitor C50, and the fifth pin of the power chip. The other end of resistor R72 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C18 is grounded. Capacitors C24 and C44 are connected in parallel with capacitor C18.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the second conversion unit includes a voltage regulator chip U1, a capacitor C1, resistors R12, R14, R8, R13, R10, and a capacitor C4. One end of capacitor C1 is connected to the first voltage output terminal and the fourth pin of voltage regulator chip U1, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. The third pin of voltage regulator chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R12, and the other end of resistor R12 is connected to one end of resistor R14 and the output terminal of the first power supply voltage. The other end of resistor R14 is grounded. One end of resistor R8 is connected to the fifth pin of voltage regulator chip U1, one end of capacitor C4, and one end of resistor R10, forming the second voltage output terminal. The other end of capacitor C4 and the other end of resistor R10 are grounded. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the first pin of voltage regulator chip U1 and grounded through resistor R13. The first conversion unit and the second conversion unit provide 5V and 3.3V voltages to the MCU, and simultaneously provide 3.3V voltage to the BLE module and the two-wire communication module. The two-wire communication module is surrounded by a shielded copper foil and a grounding isolation strip to reduce electromagnetic interference coupling.

[0030] In some embodiments, the MCU can be functionally divided into a protocol parsing and scheduling module, a link status monitoring and redundancy switching module, a unified data management module, and a security verification module. The protocol parsing and scheduling module implements multi-protocol stack coexistence and unified data encapsulation within the MCU. The link monitoring module monitors the communication quality of the primary communication link (e.g., CAN) and the backup communication link (e.g., BLE) in real time. When the MCU determines that the primary communication link is faulty, the link monitoring module seamlessly switches the data stream to the backup communication link within 200ms (configurable). The unified data management module provides standardized data interfaces and caching mechanisms. The security verification module ensures communication security through CRC or signature verification. The specific working principles of each module and the communication fault determination methods can all employ methods commonly used by those skilled in the art.

[0031] Furthermore, the instrument panel main control board is equipped with interface J1, antenna feeder interface J2, and ribbon cable interface J3. The vehicle control equipment is connected to the dual-wire communication module via interface J1, and the BLE module is connected to the antenna feeder interface J2, with an antenna cable connected to the antenna feeder interface J2. The dual-wire communication module, UART module, and BLE module are connected to the optocoupler isolation driver module via ribbon cable interface J3, and then to the dual-wire communication interface and UART interface on the MCU. The vehicle control equipment can be connected to the UART module via interface J3, and the power management module can also be connected to the dual-wire communication module, UART module, and BLE module via interface J3 to supply power to the above modules. Interface J1 serves as an external wiring harness interface for connecting the dual-wire communication module to the vehicle control equipment; therefore, the dual-wire communication module should be placed as close as possible to interface J1 to shorten signal routing and improve anti-interference capabilities.

[0032] The instrument panel main control board and communication interface board are housed within a protective housing, forming an integrated multi-source communication hardware structure. The protective housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, both fitted together. The lower housing includes a mounting bracket. The instrument panel main control board and communication interface board are rectangular, with mounting holes at their four corners. The mounting bracket is secured with studs corresponding to the mounting holes on the instrument panel main control board, which pass through the mounting holes and are secured with screws. Similarly, the instrument panel main control board is secured with mounting posts corresponding to the mounting holes on the communication interface board, which also pass through the mounting holes and are secured with screws. This method secures the instrument panel main control board and communication interface board to the lower housing, ensuring structural stability under vehicle vibration conditions. Interfaces J1-J3 are located at the edge of the protective housing for easy assembly and maintenance.

[0033] The upper housing has an antenna-transparent area, and the antenna cable is positioned adjacent to this area. Both the upper and lower housings can be made of plastic. The antenna-transparent area is formed by locally thinning the plastic, which improves signal radiation performance. The lower housing edge is also equipped with a silicone sealing ring and a waterproof structure to enhance the system's waterproof performance. Furthermore, the housing interior can also contain reinforcing ribs and wiring harness positioning posts to strengthen the structure and fix the wiring harness position. The specific configuration of the silicone sealing ring, waterproof structure, reinforcing ribs, and wiring harness positioning posts can be selected according to actual needs. During assembly, the upper and lower housings are tightened with screws, achieving IP54 level protection.

[0034] Figure 5 This paper illustrates an application embodiment of the instrument multi-source communication interface system provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, the MCU in the system can be an AT32F425C8T7, with CAN as the main communication link and a bus baud rate of 250kbps, and BLE (Bluetooth) as the backup link. The system communicates with the ECU, BMS, and intelligent central control unit. The intelligent central control unit communicates with a cloud server, allowing the MCU to establish communication with a mobile app via the cloud server. The MCU receives commands output by the user on the app. When the CAN communication link is interrupted due to signal interference, the link monitoring module within the MCU automatically switches to BLE communication within 200ms. A security verification module performs CRC verification on the BLE transmitted data to ensure the integrity and security of information transmission.

[0035] In summary, the instrument multi-source communication interface system provided by this utility model integrates and redundant multiple communication protocols on the instrument side, improves communication reliability and scalability, and can provide effective support for vehicle intelligent network functions.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] The use of terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refers to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example, which is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A multi-source communication interface system for electric vehicle instrument panels, characterized in that, It includes an instrument panel main control board and a communication interface board. The instrument panel main control board includes an MCU, a power management module, and an optocoupler isolation driver module. The communication interface board includes a two-wire communication module, a UART module, and a BLE module. The communication interface board is connected to the vehicle control equipment. The MCU is connected to the two-wire communication module, UART module and BLE module through the optocoupler isolation driver module. The MCU communicates with the vehicle control equipment through the two-wire communication module and communicates wirelessly with the vehicle control equipment through the BLE module when the two-wire communication fails. The power management module is connected to the MCU, the two-wire communication module, and the BLE module, and is used to supply power to the MCU, the two-wire communication module, and the BLE module.

2. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU includes a UART interface and a two-wire communication interface. The UART module and BLE module are connected to the UART interface through an optocoupler isolation driver module, and the two-wire communication interface module is connected to the two-wire communication interface module through an optocoupler isolation driver module.

3. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-wire communication module includes a dual-wire communication chip U8, resistors R83, R84, R6, R97, and R211, capacitors C59, C62, C64, C65, C66, C67, and C10, fuses F1 and F2, and Zener diodes D21, D22, and D23. The eighth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the power management module through resistor R83. The seventh pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to one end of fuse F1, one end of resistor R81, the negative terminal of Zener diode D23, the negative terminal of Zener diode D22, and one end of capacitor C66. The other end of resistor R81 is connected to one end of capacitor C64. The other end of capacitor C64 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C66 is grounded through capacitor C62. The sixth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the positive terminal of Zener diode D23, the negative terminal of Zener diode D21, one end of fuse F2, one end of capacitor C65, and one end of resistor R46. The other end of resistor R86 is connected to one end of capacitor C64. The other end of capacitor C65 is grounded through capacitor C59. The positive terminals of Zener diodes D21 and D22 are grounded. The positive terminal of Zener diode D23 is connected to the sixth pin of the dual-wire communication chip U8. The five pins are grounded through capacitor C67. The other ends of fuses F1 and F2 are connected to the two-wire communication interface through an optocoupler isolation driver module. The first pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the vehicle control equipment through resistor R97. The fourth pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the vehicle control equipment through resistor R211. The third pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the power management module. The third pin of the two-wire communication chip U8 is connected to the second pin through capacitor C10 and grounded.

4. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes a first conversion unit and a second conversion unit. The first conversion unit converts the vehicle power supply voltage into a first voltage, and the second conversion unit converts the first voltage into a second voltage. The first conversion unit includes a power chip, resistors R61, R63, R66, R69, and R71, capacitors C46, ​​C49, and C13, inductor L3, diode D8, resistors R62, R67, and R72, capacitors C50, C18, C24, and C44, wherein... The first pin of the power chip is connected to one end of capacitor C49, one end of capacitor C46 and one end of resistor R61 and connected to the vehicle power supply. The other ends of capacitor C49 and capacitor C46 are grounded, and the other end of resistor R61 is connected to the second pin of the power chip. The second pin of the power chip is also grounded through resistor R71, the sixth pin of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor R63, the third pin of the power chip is connected to one end of resistor R69 through resistor R66, and the other end of resistor R69 is grounded.

5. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The seventh pin of the power chip is connected to the eighth pin of the power chip through capacitor C13. The eighth pin of the power chip is connected to one end of inductor L3 and the negative terminal of diode D8. The positive terminal of diode D8 is grounded. The other end of inductor L3 is connected to one end of resistor R62, one end of capacitor C50 and one end of capacitor C18, forming the output terminal of the first voltage. The other end of resistor R62 is connected to one end of resistor R67. The other end of resistor R67 is connected to one end of resistor R72, the other end of capacitor C50, and the fifth pin of the power chip. The other end of resistor R72 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C18 is grounded. Capacitors C24 and C44 are connected in parallel with capacitor C18.

6. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second conversion unit includes a voltage regulator chip U1, a capacitor C1, resistors R12, R14, R8, R13, R10, and a capacitor C4, wherein... One end of capacitor C1 is connected to the first voltage output terminal and the fourth pin of voltage regulator chip U1, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. The third pin of voltage regulator chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R12, and the other end of resistor R12 is connected to one end of resistor R14 and the output terminal of the first power supply voltage. The other end of resistor R14 is grounded. One end of resistor R8 is connected to the fifth pin of voltage regulator chip U1, one end of capacitor C4 and one end of resistor R10, forming the second voltage output terminal. The other end of capacitor C4 and the other end of resistor R10 are grounded. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the first pin of voltage regulator chip U1 and grounded through resistor R13.

7. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The instrument main control board also includes a data cache module for storing communication data, which is connected to the power management module and the SPI bus interface of the MCU.

8. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The instrument main control board is equipped with interface J1, antenna feeder interface J2 and ribbon cable interface J3; The vehicle control equipment is connected to the dual-wire communication module via interface J1, the BLE module is connected to the antenna feeder interface J2, and the antenna feeder interface J2 is connected to an antenna cable; the dual-wire communication module and the UART module are connected to the optocoupler isolation driver module via the ribbon cable interface J3.

9. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The instrument main control board and communication interface board are housed in a protective housing. The protective housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing that are adapted and assembled together. The lower housing includes a fixed bracket. The instrument main control board and communication interface board are rectangular, and mounting holes are provided at the four corners of the instrument main control board and communication interface board. The fixed bracket is fixed with studs that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of the instrument main control board. The studs pass through the mounting holes of the instrument main control board and are locked with screws. The instrument's main control board is fixed with mounting posts that correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes of the communication interface board. The mounting posts pass through the mounting holes of the communication interface board and are locked in place with screws.

10. The electric vehicle instrument multi-source communication interface system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper housing is provided with an antenna wave-transmitting area, and the antenna cable is disposed adjacent to the antenna wave-transmitting area.

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