A kinetic experiment ejection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of dynamics experimental ejection devices, belong to junior high school physics mechanics experimental equipment technical field.It solves the problems of unstable power output of existing similar devices, inconvenient variable adjustment of power and friction, and inaccurate power value reading.The device includes base plate, and power structure and road panel are equipped on the top of base plate;Power structure contains symmetrically placed object groove, reset spring is connected in groove through clamping base, spring other end is connected with connecting plate and push plate, and reversible cover is equipped on the top of object groove;Road panel is detachable through clamping groove, material surface has different friction coefficient surface, push plate is equipped with indicating mark, and cover is equipped with force scale line.Its beneficial effect is: multiple structure cooperation ensures that power output is straight line stable, variable can be conveniently adjusted by replacing spring and road panel, indicating mark and scale line realize accurate reading, meet the demand of junior high school mechanics trolley experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model provides a catapult device, and particularly relates to a dynamic experimental catapult device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of dynamics experiments, studying the relationship between the distance a vehicle travels and its driving force and friction is a typical experimental direction. Related projectile-type experimental devices are used to provide initial power to the vehicle, enabling it to move on surfaces with different friction characteristics, thereby exploring the influence of the magnitude of the driving force and friction on the distance the vehicle travels.

[0003] However, existing devices of this type have several shortcomings: First, the power output stability is poor, and the initial thrust applied to the trolley is prone to deviations in direction or magnitude, resulting in large experimental errors and affecting data reliability. Second, the power magnitude is inconvenient to adjust, and it is difficult to quickly and easily replace return springs with different elasticities, limiting the flexible setting of power variables in experiments. Third, the way friction variables are provided is not flexible enough, and the replacement of road panels or the switching of friction surfaces is cumbersome, failing to efficiently meet the experimental needs of multiple sets of different friction conditions. Fourth, there is a lack of a precise power value reading structure, making it difficult for experimenters to accurately control the power magnitude of each experiment, reducing the accuracy and repeatability of experimental data. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dynamic experimental catapult device that solves the problems of poor power output stability, inconvenient power adjustment and friction variable provision, and inaccurate power value reading in existing dynamic experimental devices.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a dynamic experimental catapult device, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: a power structure and a road panel are provided above the base plate; the power structure includes symmetrically distributed storage slots on both sides of one end of the base plate, the storage slots and the base plate are integrally connected, and a return spring is connected inside the storage slot through an arc-shaped retainer; one end of the return spring is fixedly connected inside the storage slot, and the other end is fixedly connected to a connecting plate; a push plate is connected between the connecting plates along the width direction of the base plate; a cover is movably connected to one end of the storage slot through a rotating shaft structure.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the base plate is provided with a number of evenly distributed slots placed between the power structures, and the base plate is detachably connected to the road panel through the slots; the side of the road panel facing away from the base plate is the material surface.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a gap corresponding to the push plate is left between the cover and the storage slot, and a limiting groove corresponding to the card seat and the reset spring is provided inside the cover; the limiting groove, card seat, gap and push plate together limit the operating stability of the power structure to ensure that the power output is linear.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the sealing cover has uniformly distributed force scale lines on the side away from the storage groove; the end of the sealing cover away from the rotating shaft structure is fixedly connected to a clip, and the storage groove is provided with a locking ring corresponding to the clip.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the push plate is provided with an indicator mark on the side facing the force scale line. By matching the indicator mark with the force scale line, the elastic force applied by the reset spring to the push plate can be accurately read, ensuring the accuracy of the power application.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the cover can be flipped open by means of a pivot structure, which makes it easy to replace the reset spring inside the storage slot to adjust the elastic force; and the material surface of the road panel has at least two different friction coefficients, which can change the friction conditions when the car is running by replacing the road panel or flipping the road panel, so as to meet the requirements of different dynamic experiments for friction variables.

[0011] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages compared with the prior art:

[0012] A. Improved stability of power output: By cooperating with the limit groove, the card seat, the gap and the push plate, the running trajectory of the power structure is constrained, ensuring that the power output is linear when the reset spring pushes the push plate, avoiding deviation in the initial force applied to the trolley and reducing experimental error.

[0013] B. More convenient adjustment of dynamic and frictional variables: The cover can be flipped open with the help of the rotating shaft structure, which makes it easy to replace the reset spring inside the storage slot and adjust the elastic force of different sizes; the road panel can be detachably connected to the base plate through the slot, and the material surface has a variety of surface materials with different friction coefficients. By replacing or flipping the road panel, the friction conditions can be flexibly changed to meet the needs of different experimental variables and improve the practicality and flexibility of the device.

[0014] C. More accurate reading of power values: The indicator marks on the push plate correspond to the force scale lines on the cover, which can accurately read the elastic force applied by the reset spring, making it easier for the experimenter to accurately control the power of each experiment and ensure the accuracy and repeatability of experimental data.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be taught from the practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a dynamic experimental catapult device according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial end view of an exploded view of a dynamic experimental catapult device according to this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power structure of a dynamic experimental catapult device of this utility model in the open state.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the base portion of a dynamic experimental catapult device according to this utility model.

[0020] As shown in the figure:

[0021] 1. Base plate; 2. Power structure; 3. Road panel; 4. Storage slot; 5. Card holder; 6. Return spring; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Push plate; 9. Rotating shaft structure; 10. Cover; 11. Card slot; 12. Material surface; 13. Gap; 14. Force scale line; 15. Card; 16. Locking ring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a dynamic experimental catapult device includes a base plate 1, a power structure 2 and a road panel 3 on the top of the base plate 1; the power structure 2 includes symmetrically distributed storage slots 4 on both sides of one end of the base plate 1, the storage slots 4 and the base plate 1 are integrally connected, and a return spring 6 is connected inside the storage slot 4 through an arc-shaped retainer 5; one end of the return spring 6 is fixed inside the storage slot 4, and the other end is fixed to a connecting plate 7; a push plate 8 is connected between the connecting plates 7 along the width direction of the base plate 1; a cover 10 is movably connected to one end of the storage slot 4 through a rotating shaft structure 9.

[0026] also:

[0027] The base plate 1 is provided with several evenly distributed slots 11 placed between the power structure 2. The base plate 1 is detachably connected to the road panel 3 through the slots 11. The side of the road panel 3 facing away from the base plate 1 is the material surface 12.

[0028] A gap 13 corresponding to the push plate 8 is left between the cover 10 and the storage slot 4. The cover 10 is provided with a limiting groove corresponding to the card seat 5 and the return spring 6. The limiting groove, card seat 5, gap 13 and push plate 8 together limit the operating stability of the power structure 2.

[0029] The cover 10 has evenly distributed force scale lines 14 on the side away from the storage slot 4; the end of the cover 10 away from the rotating shaft structure 9 is fixedly connected to a clip 15, and the storage slot 4 is provided with a corresponding locking ring 16.

[0030] The push plate 8 has an indicator mark 17 on the side facing the force scale line 14.

[0031] The cover 10 can be flipped open by means of the pivot structure 9; the material surface 12 of the road panel 3 is provided with at least two different surface materials with different coefficients of friction.

[0032] Functions of each component

[0033] Base plate 1: All components of the overall support device.

[0034] Power structure 2: Provides initial launch power for the vehicle.

[0035] Road surface 3: Provides road surfaces with different coefficients of friction for the movement of the vehicle.

[0036] Storage slot 4: accommodates components such as the return spring 6.

[0037] Card slot 5: Limits the return spring 6 to prevent it from shifting.

[0038] Return spring 6: It generates elastic force through deformation, which is transmitted to push plate 8 via connecting plate 7.

[0039] Connecting plate 7: transmits the spring force of the reset spring 6 to the push plate 8.

[0040] Push plate 8: Directly drives the movement of the trolley.

[0041] Rotating shaft structure 9: allows the cover 10 to be flipped, facilitating the replacement of the return spring 6.

[0042] Cover 10: Protects the internal structure and assists in reading power values ​​via force scale line 14.

[0043] Slot 11: Enables a detachable connection between the road panel 3 and the base plate 1.

[0044] Material Surface 12: Set multiple friction coefficient surface materials to provide different friction force variables.

[0045] Gap 13 and limiting groove: constrain the running trajectory of the power structure 2 to ensure the linearity of power output.

[0046] Force scale line 14: Used to read the spring force value of the return spring 6.

[0047] Clip 15 and locking ring 16: work together to lock the cover 10 to ensure the structural stability of the device during use.

[0048] In use, select a road panel 3 with a suitable coefficient of friction according to experimental requirements, and install the road panel 3 on the base plate 1 through the slot 11. If the return spring 6 needs to be replaced to adjust the power, the engagement between the clip 15 and the locking ring 16 can be opened, and the cover 10 can be flipped through the rotating shaft structure 9 to replace the return spring 6 in the storage slot 4. Place the trolley at the front end of the push plate 8, push the push plate 8 to compress the return spring 6. At this time, the indicator mark 17 on the push plate 8 corresponds to the force scale line 14 on the cover 10. After reading the required elastic force value, release the push plate 8. The elastic force of the return spring 6 pushes the trolley to move along the road panel 3 through the connecting plate 7 and the push plate 8. During the operation of the power structure 2, the limiting slot, the slot 5, the gap 13 and the push plate 8 together constrain its running trajectory to ensure that the power output is linear and improve the experimental accuracy.

[0049] Based on the above implementation scheme, this device has the following different applications in the physical mechanics cart experiment: Investigating the effect of resistance on object motion: The experiment requires the cart to move on surfaces with different resistance levels, and the sliding distance is observed. In the device, the material surface 12 of the road panel 3 has various surfaces with different coefficients of friction (such as smooth wooden board, cotton cloth, towel, etc.), and the road panel 3 can be quickly disassembled and replaced through the slot 11; at the same time, with the cooperation of the force scale line 14 and the indicator mark 17, it can be ensured that the same return spring 6 and the same compression amount are used each time (making the indicator mark correspond to the same scale, ensuring that the initial power of the cart is consistent). After releasing the push plate 8, the cart slides on the road panels 3 with different coefficients of friction, and the sliding distance is recorded, thereby investigating the law that "the smaller the resistance, the farther the cart moves".

[0050] To investigate the relationship between kinetic energy and velocity, the kinetic energy is represented by the distance the cart pushes the wooden block. The experiment requires changing the initial velocity of the cart (keeping its mass constant). This can be done by adjusting the compression of the return spring 6 via the force scale line 14 (making the indicator mark 17 correspond to different scales, allowing the cart to obtain different initial velocities). To reduce the additional influence of resistance on velocity during motion, the surface of the road panel 3 is made of a material with a low coefficient of friction. The wooden block is placed at the end of the road panel 3, and the push plate 8 is released. After the cart strikes the wooden block, the distance the block is pushed is observed, and the relationship between kinetic energy and velocity is analyzed.

[0051] To explore the relationship between force and motion (the effect of thrust on the distance a cart travels), the experiment requires keeping friction constant while varying the magnitude of the thrust. Maintaining a consistent coefficient of friction on the material surface 12 of the road panel 3 (using the same surface), the thrust can be changed in two ways: first, by flipping open the rotating shaft structure 9 of the cover 10 and replacing it with a different spring 6 (using the retainer 5 to fix the new spring); second, by changing the compression of the same spring 6 (controlling the position of the indicator mark 17 via the force scale line 14 to achieve different thrusts). After releasing the push plate 8, observe the distance the cart travels on the road panel 3 to explore the relationship between the magnitude of the thrust and the distance traveled, and understand "the effect of force on the motion state of an object."

[0052] The reasoning experiment (ideal experiment) to verify Newton's First Law is based on the logic of "investigating the effect of resistance on motion." The device provides road panels 3 with increasing smoothness (the coefficient of friction of material surface 12 gradually decreases), and the force scale 14 ensures that the cart is launched from the same force (same spring, same compression) each time. After observing the sliding distance of the cart on road panels 3 with different smoothness, it can be deduced that if the surface is "absolutely smooth" (zero resistance), the cart will move in uniform linear motion, helping students understand the "ideal derivation" process of Newton's First Law.

[0053] Specifically, the use of this device requires the application of existing technologies, as detailed below: Core experimental supporting equipment

[0054] The experiment requires a standard junior high school physics experiment cart. A 500-gram or 1000-gram cart is recommended, with smooth rolling bearings installed at the bottom to ensure stable and low frictional resistance during movement. In the experiment investigating the relationship between kinetic energy and velocity, a rectangular wooden block is needed. The block can be a 10cm x 5cm x 5cm solid wood block or a uniformly dense plastic block. The surface of the block must be flat to ensure stable contact with the pavement surface. When measuring the cart's sliding distance or the distance the block is pushed, a ruler or measuring tape with a minimum graduation of 1mm must be used. The ruler's length should not be shorter than the total length of the pavement surface to ensure the measurement range covers the experimental requirements.

[0055] Specific examples of materials used in this device

[0056] The base plate and storage slot can be made of ABS engineering plastic or 6061 aluminum alloy. ABS engineering plastic is lightweight and impact-resistant, while 6061 aluminum alloy is high-strength and rust-resistant. The return spring is made of 65Mn spring steel, which has stable elastic deformation and high fatigue strength, ensuring minimal change in elastic force after multiple experiments. The surface of the road panel can be designed with three different coefficients of friction: a smooth polyethylene surface, a cotton cloth surface, and a rubber anti-slip surface. The coefficient of friction for the smooth polyethylene surface is approximately 0.05, for the cotton cloth surface it is approximately 0.2, and for the rubber anti-slip surface it is approximately 0.4. The push plate is made of polypropylene or lightweight aluminum alloy. Polypropylene is low-cost and easy to process, while lightweight aluminum alloy has good rigidity and a long service life. The cover can be made of transparent polycarbonate, which allows the experimenter to observe the movement of the internal return spring and push plate. Polycarbonate also has high hardness and is not easily scratched. The indicator marks are painted with red fluorescent paint, ensuring clear visibility under different lighting conditions and allowing the experimenter to quickly read the force scale values.

[0057] Experimental aids

[0058] When replacing the return spring, a small flathead screwdriver or tweezers can be used to assist in disassembly and installation, avoiding direct contact with the spring to prevent deformation or scratches. When installing the road panel, if the slot fits tightly with the road panel, a rubber mallet can be used to gently tap the edge of the road panel to ensure it smoothly fits into the slot, preventing damage to the road panel or slot due to excessive force. Before the experiment, when adjusting the level of the device, a level can be used. Place the level on the surface of the base plate and observe the position of the bubble. Adjust the level by placing thin pieces of paper under the base plate to ensure it is level, preventing the trolley's trajectory from deviating or the power output from becoming unstable due to device tilt. During the experiment, when recording data, an experimental record book and pen are required. The record book should have tables to facilitate recording data such as power scale values, road panel type, and trolley sliding distance by experiment type.

[0059] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic experimental catapult device, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: The base plate (1) is provided with a power structure (2) and a road panel (3) above it. The power structure (2) includes storage slots (4) symmetrically distributed on both sides of one end of the base plate (1). The storage slots (4) and the base plate (1) are integrally connected. The interior of the storage slots (4) is connected to a return spring (6) through an arc-shaped card seat (5). One end of the reset spring (6) is fixed inside the storage slot (4), and the other end is fixed to a connecting plate (7); a push plate (8) is connected between the connecting plates (7) along the width direction of the base plate (1). The upper end of the storage slot (4) is movably connected to a cover (10) via a rotating shaft structure (9).

2. The dynamic experimental catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (1) is provided with several evenly distributed slots (11) placed between the power structure (2). The base plate (1) is detachably connected to the road panel (3) through the slots (11). The side of the road panel (3) facing away from the base plate (1) is the material surface (12).

3. The dynamic experimental catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap (13) corresponding to the push plate (8) is left between the cover (10) and the storage slot (4). The cover (10) is provided with a limiting groove corresponding to the card seat (5) and the reset spring (6). The limiting groove, the card seat (5), the gap (13) and the push plate (8) together restrict the operating stability of the power structure (2) to ensure that the power output is linear.

4. The dynamic experimental catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (10) has evenly distributed force scale lines (14) on the side away from the storage groove (4); the end of the cover (10) away from the rotating shaft structure (9) is fixedly connected to a clip (15), and the storage groove (4) is provided with a locking ring (16) corresponding to the clip.

5. The dynamic experimental catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push plate (8) has an indicator mark on the side facing the force scale line (14). By matching the indicator mark with the force scale line (14), the elastic force value applied by the reset spring (6) to the push plate (8) can be accurately read, ensuring the accuracy of the power application.

6. The dynamic experimental catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (10) can be flipped open by means of the pivot structure (9), which makes it easy to replace the reset spring (6) inside the storage slot (4) to adjust the elastic force; and the material surface (12) of the road panel (3) is provided with at least two different friction coefficients of surface material, which can change the friction conditions of the car during operation by replacing the road panel (3) or flipping the road panel (3), so as to meet the requirements of different dynamic experiments for friction variables.

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