Lithium battery direct cooling plate
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522001718.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-17
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为此，本申请提供一种锂电池直冷板，以解决现有电动车冷却技术采用液冷存在整体系统重量高、换热效率低以及安全性较差的问题
[0017]1、本申请基于对现有技术问题的进一步分析和研究，提高了一种锂电池直冷板，安装在电池PACK内，且直冷板冷却通道可以直接通制冷剂，并通过在主管道两侧设计具有特定弯曲弧度的曲面支管道，该结构能够有效引导气液两相流的流向，可显著优化气液两相流的运动轨迹，使其在该弧度下保持基本一致的流动方向，有效抑制冷剂制冷过程中的两相流返流现象，从而提升流动稳定性和传输效率，能够更好的带走锂电池运行过程中产生的热量，冷却效果提高50％以上；该直冷板若发生密封泄露，因制冷剂本身是绝缘体且在空气中会迅速气化，可杜绝触电事故的产生，是一种兼具高效冷却与安全特性的制冷部件；同时，相比传统液冷技术减少了水泵等附件，使得整体系统重量减轻。
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Figure CN224803955U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of lithium battery cooling technology, specifically relating to a direct cooling plate for lithium batteries. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of electric vehicles, lithium battery cooling technology has become increasingly important. Currently, electric vehicle cooling technologies mainly include air cooling, liquid cooling, direct cooling, and PMC cooling. Liquid cooling is currently the most commonly used technology, accounting for approximately 70% of all applications. Water cooling (liquid cooling) technology refers to circulating a water + ethylene glycol solution through the water-cooling plate of the battery pack. During battery operation, a water pump circulates the coolant within the water-cooling plate, thus removing heat from the lithium battery. See the schematic diagram of an existing lithium battery water cooling system. Figure 1 .
[0003] Although the aforementioned water-cooling technology does not require high technical expertise and is easy to implement, it also has several problems: First, it increases the weight of the overall system by adding accessories such as water pumps and heat exchangers; second, the heat exchange efficiency is relatively low, and if the water-cooling plate fails to seal, coolant leakage may cause serious safety accidents such as electric shock to the battery vehicle, resulting in poor safety. Utility Model Content
[0004] Therefore, this application provides a direct cooling plate for lithium batteries to solve the problems of high overall system weight, low heat exchange efficiency and poor safety in existing electric vehicle cooling technologies that use liquid cooling.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A lithium battery direct cooling plate includes: a cooling plate body installed in a battery pack, wherein the interior of the cooling plate body is provided with a cooling channel for introducing refrigerant, the cooling plate body includes an upper plate and a lower plate sealed to the upper plate, and at least one cooling channel is provided on the upper surface of the lower plate, wherein the cooling channel includes a main pipe.
[0007] The main pipeline has multiple curved branch pipelines connected to it on its left and right sides along the fluid flow direction. The vertex of each curved branch pipeline is closer to the front of the branch pipeline, so that the main pipeline forms a support column at the position corresponding to each curved branch pipeline.
[0008] Optionally, the first curved branch pipe located on the left side of the main pipe and the second curved branch pipe located on the right side of the main pipe are staggered along the flow direction.
[0009] Optionally, the longitudinal section of the main pipeline always maintains a rectangular outline;
[0010] The bottom surface of the support column is flush with the bottom surface of the main pipe, and the top surface of the support column is in close contact with the bottom surface of the upper plate, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the curved branch pipe are both flat.
[0011] Optionally, the supporting column is a curved structure formed radially based on the main pipe. The inner wall of the curved structure is on the same vertical plane as the side wall of the main pipe. The side wall of the curved structure includes an arc-shaped vertical surface near the inlet of the curved branch pipe and a straight vertical surface near the outlet of the curved branch pipe. The straight vertical surface forms a 30° angle with the inner wall of the curved structure, so that the curved branch pipe has a 30° guiding angle.
[0012] Optionally, the widths of the first curved branch pipe and the second curved branch pipe are both smaller than the width of the main pipe.
[0013] Optionally, the curved branch pipe has a plurality of first capillary columns arranged at intervals along the flow direction near its sidewall.
[0014] Optionally, the main pipeline is provided with a plurality of second capillary columns arranged at intervals along the flow direction near its sidewall, and the second capillary columns avoid the position of the support column.
[0015] Optionally, the upper plate and the lower plate are made of aluminum alloy plates, and the edges of the upper plate and the lower plate are brazed together.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. Based on further analysis and research of existing technical problems, this application improves a lithium battery direct cooling plate, which is installed in the battery PACK. The cooling channel of the direct cooling plate can directly carry refrigerant. By designing curved branch pipes with a specific curvature on both sides of the main pipe, this structure can effectively guide the flow direction of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, significantly optimize the movement trajectory of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, and keep it in a basically consistent flow direction under the curvature. This effectively suppresses the backflow phenomenon of the two-phase flow during the refrigerant cooling process, thereby improving flow stability and transmission efficiency. It can better remove the heat generated during the operation of the lithium battery, and improve the cooling effect by more than 50%. If the direct cooling plate leaks, the refrigerant itself is an insulator and will quickly vaporize in the air, which can prevent electric shock accidents. It is a refrigeration component that combines high-efficiency cooling and safety characteristics. At the same time, compared with traditional liquid cooling technology, it reduces accessories such as water pumps, resulting in a lighter overall system weight.
[0018] 2. This application sets capillary column structures in the area near the sidewall of the main pipe and curved branch pipe, and uses the surface tension and capillary action of the liquid to keep the sidewall continuously covered by a liquid film, effectively suppressing the formation of large bubbles and avoiding the problem of local temperature rise due to non-flowing bubbles adhering to the sidewall during gas flow.
[0019] Meanwhile, multiple second capillary columns on the side wall of the main pipe avoid the area where the supporting column is located, so that when the fluid of the curved branch pipe (bend) merges into the main pipe, the main pipe can ensure the impact of the water flow in the bend, thereby accelerating the speed at which the fluid merges into the main pipe from the bend, and thus improving the fluid mixing efficiency and overall cooling performance. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery direct cooling system in the prior art of this application.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the piping of a lithium battery direct cooling plate provided in one embodiment of this application;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the intermediate cooling channel at point B;
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at point AA;
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the dimensions;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a direct cooling system for a lithium battery provided in one embodiment of this application.
[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0028] 1. Upper plate; 2. Lower plate; 3. Cooling channel; 31. Main pipe; 32. First curved branch pipe; 33. Second curved branch pipe; 34. Vertex of curved surface; 35. Inlet of curved branch pipe; 36. Outlet of curved branch pipe; 4. Support column; 41. Inner wall of support column; 42. Side wall of support column; 421. Arc-shaped vertical surface; 422. Straight vertical surface; 43. First support column; 44. Second support column; 5. First capillary column; 6. Second capillary column;
[0029] 7. Entrance 1; 8. Entrance 2; 9. Entrance 3; 10. Entrance 4; 11. Exit 1; 12. Exit 2; 13. Exit 3; 14. Exit 4. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0031] In the description of this application: unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in this application are intended to distinguish the objects referred to and do not have any special meaning in terms of technical connotation (e.g., they should not be construed as an emphasis on importance or order). Expressions such as "comprising," "including," and "having" also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).
[0032] The terms used in this application, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle," are generally used to indicate the general relative positional relationship for the purpose of intuitive understanding by referring to the accompanying drawings, and are not absolute limitations on the positional relationship in the actual product.
[0033] One embodiment of this application provides a direct cooling plate for lithium batteries, such as... Figures 2-6 As shown, it includes: a cold plate body installed inside the battery pack, and a cooling channel 3 for introducing refrigerant is provided inside the cold plate body;
[0034] The cold plate body includes an upper plate 1 and a lower plate 2 that is sealed to the upper plate 1. At least one cooling channel 3 is provided on the upper surface of the lower plate 2.
[0035] The cooling channel 3 includes a main pipe 31. Multiple curved branch pipes are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the main pipe 31 along the fluid flow direction and are interconnected with each other. The vertex 34 of the curved surface of each curved branch pipe is closer to the front of the curved branch pipe, so that the main pipe 31 forms a support column 4 at the position corresponding to each curved branch pipe.
[0036] The curved branch pipe located to the left of the main pipe 31 is referred to as the first curved branch pipe 32, the curved branch pipe located to the right of the main pipe 31 is referred to as the second curved branch pipe 33, the support column 4 located to the left of the main pipe 31 is referred to as the first support column 43, and the support column 4 located to the right of the main pipe 31 is referred to as the second support column 44. Figure 3 The dashed arrows are used to indicate the direction of fluid flow. Based on this, the flow direction is defined. The vertex 34 of each curved branch pipe is closer to its own (curved branch pipe) front, that is, the vertex 34 of each curved branch pipe is arranged biased towards its own inlet side.
[0037] Preferably, the first curved branch pipe 32 located on the left side of the main pipe 31 and the second curved branch pipe 33 located on the right side of the main pipe 31 are staggered along the flow direction;
[0038] The first curved branch pipe 32 and the second curved branch pipe 33 have the same shape, and the width W1 of the first curved branch pipe 32 and the second curved branch pipe 33 is smaller than the width W2 of the main pipe 31.
[0039] More preferably, the longitudinal section of the main pipe 31 always maintains a rectangular outline;
[0040] The bottom surface of the support column 4 is flush with the bottom surface of the main pipe 31, and the top surface of the support column 4 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the upper plate 1, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the curved branch pipe are flat.
[0041] More preferably, the support column 4 is a curved structure formed radially based on the main pipe 31. The inner wall of the curved structure (i.e., the inner wall 41 of the support column) is on the same vertical plane as the side wall of the main pipe 31. The side wall of the curved structure (i.e., the side wall 42 of the support column) includes an arc-shaped vertical surface 421 located near the inlet 35 of the curved branch pipe and a straight vertical surface 422 located near the outlet 36 of the curved branch pipe. The straight vertical surface 422 forms a 30° angle with the inner wall 41 of the support column, thereby enabling the curved branch pipe to form a 30° guiding angle.
[0042] The direct-cooling plate cooling channel 3 provided in this application can directly carry refrigerant. By designing curved branch pipes with specific curvatures (i.e., the first curved branch pipe 32 and the second curved branch pipe 33) on both sides of the main pipe 31, this structure can effectively guide the flow direction of the gas-liquid two-phase flow. Furthermore, setting the curvature of the curved branch pipes to 30° can significantly optimize the movement trajectory of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, so that it maintains a basically consistent flow direction under this curvature, effectively suppressing the two-phase flow backflow phenomenon during the refrigerant refrigeration process, thereby improving flow stability and transmission efficiency, and the cooling effect can reach more than 1.5 times that of traditional water-cooled plates. At the same time, if the direct-cooling plate leaks, since the refrigerant itself is an insulator and will quickly vaporize in the air, the occurrence of electric shock accidents can be prevented. It is a refrigeration component that combines high-efficiency cooling and safety characteristics.
[0043] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the curved branch pipe has multiple first capillary columns 5 arranged at intervals along the flow direction near its side wall.
[0044] More preferably, the main pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of second capillary columns 6 arranged at intervals along the flow direction near its side wall, and the second capillary columns 6 avoid the area where the support column 4 is located. The purpose of this design is to ensure that when the fluid of the curved branch pipe (bend) flows into the main pipe 31, the main pipe 31 can impact the water flow of the bend, thereby accelerating the speed of the fluid flowing into the main pipe 31 from the bend, and thus improving the fluid mixing efficiency and overall cooling performance.
[0045] The heights of the first capillary column 5 and the second capillary column 6 are slightly less than the height of the main pipe 31.
[0046] This application utilizes the surface tension and capillary action of the liquid to continuously maintain a liquid film covering the sidewalls by setting capillary column structures in the areas near the sidewalls of the main pipe 31 and the curved branch pipes. This effectively suppresses the formation of large bubbles and avoids the problem of a sharp increase in local temperature caused by non-flowing bubbles adhering to the sidewalls during gas flow.
[0047] Preferably, the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are made of aluminum alloy plates, and the edges of the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are brazed together.
[0048] More preferably, the contour of the cooling channel 3 is integrally pressed out by a mold.
[0049] During the manufacturing process of the components provided in this application, the rectangular outline of the main pipe 31, the curved outline of the curved branch pipe, and the capillary column structure are first integrally pressed out using a membrane tool; then the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 are aligned and fastened together, and the outline edges are welded and sealed using a brazing process to finally form a complete sealed flow channel (i.e., cooling channel 3).
[0050] In one embodiment, the upper plate 1 is a 2mm thick aluminum alloy plate, the lower plate 2 is an 8.5mm thick aluminum alloy plate, the contour depth of the main pipe 31 and the curved branch pipe is 6.25mm, the total width of a single pipe is 25mm, and the length is based on the length of the solar panel; the width W2 of the main pipe 31 is 10mm, the width W1 of the curved branch pipe is 3.0mm, the distance between the vertex of the curved branch pipe and the sidewall of the main pipe 31 away from the curved branch pipe is 15mm, the distance between the vertex of the curved branch pipe and the inner wall of the second support column 44 is 7.5mm, the diameter of the capillary column (first capillary column 5, second capillary column 6) is 1.2mm, and the distance between the vertex of the curved branch pipe and the sidewall of the capillary column is 1mm. For specific dimensions, see [reference needed]. Figure 4 and Figure 5 .
[0051] The lithium battery direct cooling plate provided in this application can control the maximum battery temperature below 48°C and maintain the internal temperature difference of the battery system within 5°C during the battery charging and discharging process under the following operating conditions: fluid pressure = 0.3MPa, flow rate = 0.35T / H, ambient temperature < 40°C, refrigerant R1234, refrigerant temperature 25°C, and battery pack capacity < 160AH.
[0052] Furthermore, considering the superior heat dissipation of parallel piping, we can refer to the existing liquid cooling plate piping design, adopting a central inlet and surrounding outlet principle, and plan multiple parallel direct cooling loops with four inlets (Inlet 1 7, Inlet 2 8, Inlet 3 9, Inlet 4 10) and four outlets (Outlet 1 11, Outlet 2 12, Outlet 3 13, Outlet 4 14). (See [reference needed]) Figure 2 .
[0053] The schematic diagram of the lithium battery direct cooling system of this application is shown in Figure 6. Its cold source is directly drawn from the vehicle's air conditioning system. The compressor compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which is then cooled by the condenser to form a low-temperature, high-pressure liquid. This liquid refrigerant is then divided into two paths: one path passes through the expansion valve and the evaporator in sequence and enters the vehicle to provide a cold source for passengers; the other path passes through another expansion valve and enters the direct cooling plate installed inside the battery, where it absorbs heat from the battery through heat exchange. The resulting gaseous refrigerant returns to the compressor, forming a complete refrigeration cycle.
[0054] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
Claims
1. A lithium battery direct cooling plate, comprising: A cold plate body installed inside a battery pack, wherein the interior of the cold plate body is provided with a cooling channel for introducing refrigerant, characterized in that the cold plate body includes an upper plate and a lower plate sealed to the upper plate, and the upper surface of the lower plate is provided with at least one cooling channel, wherein the cooling channel includes a main pipe; The main pipeline has multiple curved branch pipelines connected to it on its left and right sides along the fluid flow direction. The vertex of each curved branch pipeline is closer to the front of the branch pipeline, so that the main pipeline forms a support column at the position corresponding to each curved branch pipeline.
2. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first curved branch pipe located on the left side of the main pipe and the second curved branch pipe located on the right side of the main pipe are staggered along the flow direction.
3. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal section of the main pipeline always maintains a rectangular outline; The bottom surface of the support column is flush with the bottom surface of the main pipe, and the top surface of the support column is in close contact with the bottom surface of the upper plate, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the curved branch pipe are both flat.
4. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting column is a curved structure formed radially based on the main pipe. The inner wall of the curved structure is on the same vertical plane as the side wall of the main pipe. The side wall of the curved structure includes an arc-shaped vertical surface near the inlet of the curved branch pipe and a straight vertical surface near the outlet of the curved branch pipe. The straight vertical surface forms a 30° angle with the inner wall of the curved structure, so that the curved branch pipe has a 30° guiding angle.
5. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The widths of the first curved branch pipe and the second curved branch pipe are both smaller than the width of the main pipe.
6. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The curved branch pipe has multiple spaced first capillary columns arranged sequentially along the flow direction near its sidewall.
7. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main pipeline has a plurality of second capillary columns arranged at intervals along the flow direction near its side wall, and the second capillary columns avoid the position of the support column.
8. The lithium battery direct cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower plates are made of aluminum alloy plates, and their edges are brazed together.