Energy storage device for inhibiting thermal runaway of battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of energy storage devices for inhibiting battery pack thermal runaway, comprising: cabinet, the cabinet is sequentially provided with from top to bottom along height direction in it: first partition, for accommodating temperature control module;Second partition, for accommodating power module;And third partition, wherein, the third partition is enclosed by partition, and opening is reserved in third partition front side, multiple battery packs are arranged in third partition inside along height direction interval, and gap is formed between battery pack;The cabinet is equipped with door component, the door component covers the front opening of the third partition, and door component is movably arranged, to open or close the third partition;Multiple spray nozzles are laid in the third partition, and spray nozzle is connected with fire-fighting interface by pipeline, the energy storage device of the safety performance of the device is effectively inhibited battery thermal runaway, the utility model relates to battery technical field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically to an energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, lithium-ion battery energy storage systems have been widely used due to their high energy density and fast response. However, thermal runaway may occur during battery use. Existing solutions often use gases such as perfluorohexanone and heptafluoropropane for fire suppression, but these have the following shortcomings: Gas extinguishing can only reduce oxygen concentration and cannot quickly remove heat, resulting in a high probability of reignition. After the energy is released, a sealed space is required, and the energy storage cabinet needs to have a large number of heat dissipation holes on a daily basis. The two are contradictory, making it difficult to maintain the fire-fighting concentration. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings and defects of existing technologies, this paper provides an energy storage device that effectively suppresses battery thermal runaway and improves the safety performance of the device.

[0004] An energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack, comprising: The cabinet, wherein the following are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the height direction: The first section is used to house the temperature control module; The second section is used to house the power modules; And the third partition, The third partition is enclosed by a partition, and an opening is reserved on the front side of the third partition. The third partition contains multiple battery packs spaced at intervals along the height direction, with gaps between the battery packs. The cabinet is equipped with a door assembly that covers the front opening of the third partition and is movable to open or close the third partition. Multiple sprinkler nozzles are installed in the third section, and the sprinkler nozzles are connected to fire protection interfaces via pipes, which protrude from the cabinet.

[0005] With the above structure, the energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of battery packs according to this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: When a battery failure alarm sounds inside the cabinet, the fire extinguishing agent inside the cabinet is first sprayed into the third compartment to suppress combustion. Furthermore, the fire hydrant interface can be connected to the fire hose via a fire water pipe. At this point, water enters the pipeline and acts on the third zone through the spray nozzle. Since the third zone is a relatively closed structure, the water can stay in the third zone for a longer period of time, allowing the battery to be immersed. During the flow, a large amount of heat is carried away, reducing the battery temperature. This can suppress battery pack thermal runaway for a long time and efficiently, improving the safety performance of the device.

[0006] As an improvement of this utility model, a plurality of water supply pipes extending along the height direction are provided on the side wall of the third section. Furthermore, the water supply pipe has multiple gaps spaced apart along its extension direction. These gaps are connected to the internal flow path of the water supply pipe and serve as spray nozzles.

[0007] As an improvement of this utility model, each gap has at least one spray nozzle arranged opposite to it.

[0008] As an improvement of this utility model, the fire interface is exposed in the cabinet below the door assembly, and the connection direction is from front to back; The bottom of the water supply pipe passes through the third zone and connects to the fire protection interface to form a connection.

[0009] As an improvement of this utility model, the third section is provided with a guide rail extending along the front and rear. The battery pack is inserted through the front opening of the third section and moves backward to the preset assembly position through cooperation with the guide rail.

[0010] As an improvement to this utility model, the temperature control module and the power module are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The front wall of the cabinet is provided with an air inlet window that is independently connected to the air inlets of the temperature control module and the power module, and the upper wall of the cabinet is provided with an exhaust window that is independently connected to the air outlets of the temperature control module and the power module.

[0011] As an improvement of this utility model, the air inlet window includes a first air inlet window and a second air inlet window; The first air inlet window is located on the cabinet in front of the first partition, and its position is opposite to the air inlet of the temperature control module. The second air inlet window is located on the cabinet in front of the second section, and its position is opposite to the air inlet of the power module.

[0012] As an improvement of this utility model, the exhaust window includes a first exhaust window and a second exhaust window that are disposed on the upper side wall of the cabinet and spaced apart from each other. The first exhaust window is positioned vertically opposite the air outlet of the temperature control module; The second exhaust window is connected to the air outlet on the rear side of the power module through an exhaust duct.

[0013] As an improvement of this utility model, the rear wall of the cabinet at least partially surrounds the rear side of the first partition and the second partition, and defines the exhaust channel between them. The exhaust duct has a vertical structure; The air outlet on the rear side of the power module is connected to the exhaust channel through the rear side of the second partition.

[0014] As an improvement of this utility model, a fan is provided in the exhaust duct, and the fan is used to guide the airflow in the exhaust duct upward to the second exhaust window for discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the third section of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is the utility model Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery packaging of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention, with the battery pack indicated by red lines.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the BB-direction cross-sectional structure of this utility model.

[0022] The diagram shows: 1. Cabinet; 1.1. First section; 1.2. Second section; 1.3. Third section; 1.31. Partition; 1.32. Opening; 1.4. Rear wall; 2. Temperature control module; 3. Power module; 4. Battery pack; 5. Door assembly; 6. Water pipe; 6.1. Sprinkler nozzle; 7. Fire hose connection; 8. Guide rail; 9. Air inlet; 10. Air inlet window; 10.1. First air inlet window; 10.2. Second air inlet window; 11. Exhaust window; 11.1. First exhaust window; 11.2. Second exhaust window; 11.21. Exhaust duct; 12. Fan; 13. Air outlet louvers. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-7 As shown, An energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack, comprising: Cabinet 1 has four corner posts, on which panels are installed to form the interior space. The interior space is arranged from top to bottom along the height direction as follows: The first partition 1.1 is used to accommodate the temperature control module 2; The second partition, 1.2, is used to accommodate power module 3; And the third partition 1.3, The third section 1.3 is enclosed by a rear partition 1.31, left and right side partitions 1.31, and a lower partition 1.31 (support platform), and an opening 13.2 is reserved on the front side of the third section 1.3. The third section 1.3 has multiple battery packs 4 spaced apart along the height direction, with gaps between the battery packs 4. The cabinet 1 is provided with a door assembly 5, which covers the front opening 13.2 of the third section 1.3, and the door assembly 5 is movable to open or close the third section 1.3; Multiple sprinkler nozzles 6.1 are installed in the third section 1.3, and the sprinkler nozzles 6.1 are connected to fire protection interfaces 7 through pipes, which protrude from the cabinet 1.

[0025] When a battery failure alarm is triggered inside the cabinet, the fire hydrant interface 7 can be connected via a fire water pipe. At this time, water enters the pipeline and acts on the third section 1.3 through the spray nozzle 6.1. Since the third section 1.3 is a relatively closed structure, the water can stay in the third section 1.3 for a long time, allowing the battery to be immersed and carrying away a large amount of heat during the flow, reducing the battery temperature. This can suppress the thermal runaway of the battery pack 4 for a long time and efficiently, improving the safety performance of the device. Water can enter the gaps between the battery packs 4, thereby increasing the contact area with the battery packs 4 and making the effect of reducing battery temperature better.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, several water pipes 6 extending along the height direction are installed on the side wall of the third section 1.3. In some embodiments, the water supply pipe 6 can be arranged at any position on the left, right, or rear sidewall of the third partition 1.3; Furthermore, the water supply pipe 6 has multiple cut notches spaced apart on its circumference in the extending direction. The notches are connected to the internal flow path of the water supply pipe 6. The notches serve as spray nozzles 6.1, eliminating the need for additional components such as spray heads, which has the advantage of low cost.

[0027] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, each gap has at least one spray nozzle 6.1 positioned opposite it. The gaps are arranged one-to-one according to the spacing of the battery pack 4 gaps. Water flows horizontally from the gaps into the gaps, forming a penetrating water curtain, which solves the drawbacks of the traditional structure where the top nozzle is blocked by the upper battery and the lower layer cannot be effectively cooled.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the fire hydrant 7 is exposed in the cabinet 1 below the door assembly 5. Positioning the fire hydrant 7 on the front side of the cabinet 1 makes it easily visible and convenient for maintenance personnel to locate. Furthermore, the fire interface 7 is configured from front to back, making the connection operation simple for maintenance personnel; The bottom of the water supply pipe 6 passes through the third section 1.3 and connects with the fire interface 7 to form a connection.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the third section 1.3 is equipped with a guide rail 8 extending front to back. The battery pack 4 is inserted through the front opening 13.2 of the third section 1.3, and moves backward to the preset assembly position through cooperation with the guide rail 8. Furthermore, the battery pack 4 is locked onto the column guide rail 8 by the fastener, which can reduce the installation difficulty of the battery pack 4.

[0030] Temperature control module 2 and power module 3 are respectively equipped with air inlet 9 and air outlet 9. The front wall of the cabinet 1 is provided with an air inlet window 10 that is independently connected to the air inlet 9 of the temperature control module 2 and the power module 3, and the upper wall of the cabinet 1 is provided with an exhaust window 11 that is independently connected to the air outlet of the temperature control module 2 and the power module 3.

[0031] This application provides an exhaust window 11 on the upper side wall of the cabinet 1. The exhaust window 11 is independently connected to the air outlet of the temperature control module 2 and the power module 3. The rear wall 1.4 of the cabinet 1 does not need to be provided with an exhaust window 11. The rear wall 1.4 of the cabinet 1 is a completely closed plane, which can be installed against external obstacles (such as walls) to reduce the occupied area.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the air inlet window 10 includes a first air inlet window 10.1 and a second air inlet window 10.2; The first air inlet window 10.1 is located on the cabinet 1 in front of the first partition 1.1, and its position is opposite to the air inlet 9 of the temperature control module 2. The second air inlet window 10.2 is located on the cabinet 1 in front of the second partition 1.2, and is positioned opposite the air inlet 9 of the power module 3. After the above improvement, a short, independent, and straight air duct is formed between the air inlet window 10 and the air inlet 9 of the module, avoiding airflow bends or detours, reducing wind resistance, improving air intake efficiency, and making the module's performance reliable and stable.

[0033] The exhaust window 11 includes a first exhaust window 11.1 and a second exhaust window 11.2, which are disposed on the upper side wall of the cabinet 1 and spaced apart from each other. The first exhaust window 11.1 is positioned vertically opposite to the air outlet of the temperature control module 2; The second exhaust window 11.2 is connected to the air outlet on the rear side of the power module 3 through the exhaust channel 11.21.

[0034] The hot air outlet of temperature control module 2 is directly discharged through the first exhaust window 11.1; The hot air outlet of power module 3 is directly discharged through exhaust duct 11.21 and the second exhaust window 11.2; The two airflows do not cross each other inside the cabinet, avoiding interference between the exhaust of power module 3 and the exhaust of heating temperature control module 2, thus improving exhaust efficiency.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the rear wall 1.4 of the cabinet 1 is at least partially bent to surround the rear side of the first partition 1.1 and the second partition 1.2, and defines an exhaust duct 11.21 between them, eliminating the need for separate welding or installation of air ducts, thus reducing costs and installation difficulty; The exhaust duct 11.21 is a vertical structure with a rectangular cross-section and no bends, resulting in low friction along the path and accelerating the upward flow of air. The air outlet on the rear side of the power module 3 is connected to the exhaust duct 11.21 via the rear side of the second partition 1.2.

[0036] A fan 12 is installed in the exhaust duct 11.21. The fan 12 is used to guide the airflow in the exhaust duct 11.21 upward to the second exhaust window 11.2 for discharge.

[0037] By utilizing the forced convection generated by the fan 12, effective exhaust can be ensured even under harsh operating conditions such as high temperature and humidity and reduced thermal buoyancy; In some embodiments, the fan 12 may be a waterproof fan 12 to improve waterproof performance, and multiple fans may be arranged along the width direction in the exhaust duct 11.21 to further improve the exhaust effect.

[0038] In some embodiments, an exhaust louver is provided at the junction of the second partition 1.2 and the exhaust duct 11.21. 13 The blades of the louvered air outlet are tilted downwards at 30–45°, forming a water-blocking line that is lower on the outside and higher on the inside, which can block rainwater from flowing back from the top during heavy rain and strong winds.

[0039] Please see Figure 4 As shown, protective nets are installed on the air inlet window 10 and the air outlet window 11. These improvements effectively prevent dust, insects, rainwater, and other contaminants from entering.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are within its protection scope. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within its protection scope.

Claims

1. An energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack, characterized in that, include: Cabinet (1), wherein the cabinet (1) is provided with the following components arranged from top to bottom along the height direction: The first partition (1.1) is used to accommodate the temperature control module (2). The second partition (1.2) is used to accommodate the power module (3); And the third partition (1.3). The third partition (1.3) is enclosed by a partition (1.31), and an opening (13.2) is reserved on the front side of the third partition (1.3). The third partition (1.3) is provided with multiple battery packs (4) spaced apart along the height direction, and gaps are formed between the battery packs (4); The cabinet (1) is provided with a door assembly (5), which covers the front opening (13.2) of the third partition (1.3) and is movable to open or close the third partition (1.3). Multiple sprinkler ports (6.1) are arranged in the third partition (1.3), and the sprinkler ports (6.1) are connected to fire-fighting interfaces (7) through pipes. The fire-fighting interfaces (7) are exposed from the cabinet (1).

2. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several water pipes (6) extending along the height direction are provided on the side wall of the third section (1.3). Furthermore, the water supply pipe (6) is provided with multiple gaps at intervals in the extension direction. The gaps are connected to the internal flow path of the water supply pipe (6), and the gaps serve as spray nozzles (6.1).

3. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each gap has at least one spray nozzle positioned opposite it (6.1).

4. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire interface (7) is exposed in the cabinet (1) below the door assembly (5), and the connection direction is from front to back; The bottom of the water pipe (6) passes through the third section (1.3) and connects with the fire interface (7) to form a communication.

5. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third partition (1.3) is provided with a guide rail (8) extending in the front and back. The battery pack (4) is inserted from the front opening (13.2) of the third partition (1.3) and moves backward to the preset assembly position through cooperation with the guide rail (8).

6. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control module (2) and the power module (3) are respectively provided with an air inlet (9) and an air outlet. The front side wall of the cabinet (1) is provided with an air inlet window (10) that is independently connected to the air inlet (9) of the temperature control module (2) and the power module (3), and the upper side wall of the cabinet (1) is provided with an exhaust window (11) that is independently connected to the air outlet of the temperature control module (2) and the power module (3).

7. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air inlet window (10) includes a first air inlet window (10.1) and a second air inlet window (10.2); The first air inlet window (10.1) is located on the cabinet (1) in front of the first partition (1.1), and its position is opposite to the air inlet (9) of the temperature control module (2); The second air inlet window (10.2) is located on the cabinet (1) in front of the second partition (1.2), and is positioned opposite to the air inlet (9) of the power module (3).

8. The energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust window (11) includes a first exhaust window (11.1) and a second exhaust window (11.2) that are disposed on the upper side wall of the cabinet (1) and spaced apart from each other. The first exhaust window (11.1) and the air outlet of the temperature control module (2) are positioned vertically opposite each other; The second exhaust window (11.2) is connected to the air outlet on the rear side of the power module (3) through the exhaust channel (11.21).

9. An energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rear wall (1.4) of the cabinet (1) at least partially surrounds the rear side of the first partition (1.1) and the second partition (1.2), and defines the exhaust duct (11.21) between them. The exhaust duct (11.21) is a vertical structure; The air outlet on the rear side of the power module (3) is connected to the exhaust channel (11.21) through the rear side of the second partition (1.2).

10. An energy storage device for suppressing thermal runaway of a battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: A fan (12) is installed in the exhaust duct (11.21), and the fan (12) is used to guide the airflow in the exhaust duct (11.21) upward to the second exhaust window (11.2) for discharge.

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