A venting manifold and battery cluster

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of venting collecting pipe and battery cluster, mainly solve the safety hidden trouble problem caused by the heat runaway flue gas of existing battery component cannot be discharged in time accurately.The venting collecting pipe is double-layer pipeline, including outer tube and inner tube, outer tube is insulating flexible pipe, inner tube is insulating heat insulation pipe, insulating heat insulation pipe is fixed in insulating flexible pipe, for isolating heat runaway flue gas and insulating flexible pipe.The venting device of each battery component is connected by venting collecting pipe.When heat runaway occurs in any battery component in the battery cluster, its heat runaway flue gas can be orderly discharged through venting collecting pipe, reducing the risk of heat runaway diffusion, battery component even battery cluster combustion or explosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of batteries, specifically relating to a venting manifold and a battery cluster. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage containers, as a new type of energy storage device, have advantages such as portability, flexibility, and high efficiency, and are widely used in power systems, transportation, aerospace, and other fields. Existing energy storage containers on the market consist of a container body and multiple battery clusters located within the container, with each battery cluster comprising multiple battery components.

[0003] The aforementioned battery components are prone to thermal runaway under the influence of factors such as overcharging, over-discharging, and overheating. If the thermal runaway fumes generated by the thermal runaway cannot be discharged in a timely and accurate manner, the thermal runaway will continue to occur and spread. In severe cases, it may cause the battery components or even the battery cluster to burn or explode, thereby causing safety hazards.

[0004] To achieve precise emission of thermal runaway gas, explosion venting devices are installed on the battery components, and the thermal runaway gas is reliably transported through a gas manifold. However, since the battery components are charged, insulation must be considered when connecting them through the gas manifold. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas manifold that can safely and reliably transport thermal runaway gas while also ensuring insulation between the battery components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model provides a venting manifold and battery cluster, which mainly solves the safety hazard caused by the inability to timely and accurately discharge thermal runaway fumes from existing battery components.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] An explosion venting manifold is used to connect an explosion venting device for battery components in a battery cluster. The explosion venting manifold is a double-layered pipe, including an outer pipe and an inner pipe. The outer pipe is an insulating flexible pipe, and the inner pipe is an insulating heat-insulating pipe. The insulating heat-insulating pipe is fixed inside the insulating flexible pipe to prevent thermal runaway fumes from directly contacting the outer insulating flexible pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer and inner pipes are a double-layered pipeline with an integral structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner tube is an asbestos cloth tube or a high-silica cloth tube, and the outer tube is a silicone-reinforced cloth tube. The outer tube and the inner tube are formed into a single double-layer pipeline through vulcanization and demolding.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner tube has a wall thickness of 1-2 mm, and the outer tube has a wall thickness of 2-4 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the explosion relief manifold includes a main pipe and multiple branch pipes installed on the main pipe.

[0012] This utility model also provides a battery cluster, including multiple battery components and a venting manifold; the multiple battery components are arranged sequentially along a first direction, each battery component is provided with a venting device, and the venting manifold is connected to the venting device of the battery component.

[0013] Furthermore, the explosion venting device is an explosion venting tee pipe, the first interface of each explosion venting tee pipe is connected to the explosion vent of each battery component, and the first interface is provided with an explosion venting membrane; the second and third interfaces of the explosion venting tee pipes of adjacent battery components are connected through an explosion venting manifold.

[0014] Furthermore, the explosion venting manifold is fitted onto the second and third ports of the explosion venting tee and secured with clamps.

[0015] Furthermore, a heat-insulating sealing gasket is provided between the second and third interfaces of the explosion venting manifold and the explosion venting tee.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer peripheral walls of the second and third ports of the explosion venting tee are provided with multiple annular protrusions, and the explosion venting manifold is fitted onto the annular protrusions.

[0017] Furthermore, the first interface of the explosion venting tee is fixedly connected to the explosion vent of the battery component by welding. The first interface of the explosion venting tee is provided with an annular boss, and the explosion venting membrane is embedded in the first interface and welded to the annular boss.

[0018] Furthermore, the battery component is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of individual cells arranged along a second direction, the internal cavities of the plurality of individual cells are interconnected, and the electrolyte and / or gas of each individual cell are shared.

[0019] Furthermore, the battery component also includes a housing, in which n individual batteries are arranged in the same direction, and the housing is provided with an explosion vent; the top plate of the housing is provided with a first clearance hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual battery; the polarity terminal of each individual battery extends out of the first clearance hole, and the area corresponding to each first clearance hole on the top plate of the housing is sealed and connected to the top cover plate of the corresponding individual battery.

[0020] Furthermore, a heat transfer tube is connected to the portion of the polar terminal of each individual battery that extends out of the outer casing. The heat transfer tube exchanges heat with the polar terminal of each individual battery. An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the outer casing, and at least part of the structure of the polar terminal and the heat transfer tube is located within the insulating sealant layer.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. In the battery cluster of this utility model, the battery components are equipped with a venting device for directional discharge of thermal runaway fumes, and the venting device of the battery components is connected through a venting manifold. When a single cell in any battery component of the battery cluster experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway fumes can be discharged in an orderly manner through the venting manifold, reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation, combustion or explosion of the battery components or even the battery cluster.

[0023] The aforementioned explosion-venting manifold adopts a double-layer pipe structure. The outer pipe is made of insulating material and is a flexible insulating pipe with deformation capability. The deformation of this flexible insulating pipe can compensate for the installation deviation of the explosion-venting devices of each battery component, eliminating the need to readjust the position of the battery components and reducing the installation difficulty of the battery components. The inner pipe is made of insulating and heat-insulating material. This inner pipe can isolate thermal runaway flue gas from the outer pipe, avoiding the risk of the outer pipe being burned through due to direct contact between thermal runaway flue gas and the outer pipe. It also prevents the heat of thermal runaway flue gas from being transferred to the connection between the explosion-venting device and the explosion-venting manifold, thus avoiding the problem of unreliable connection between the explosion-venting device and the explosion-venting manifold, improving the safety of the battery cluster.

[0024] In addition, the inner tube of the aforementioned explosion relief manifold is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer tube. This double-layer pipeline structure not only makes on-site installation more convenient, but also avoids the risk of thermal runaway flue gas leaking from the interlayer between the inner and outer tubes after installation due to misalignment of the inner and outer tubes, further improving the safety of this type of battery cluster.

[0025] Finally, both the outer and inner tubes of the explosion venting manifold are insulated conduits, achieving insulation between battery components and ensuring their safety during use. Because insulation between battery components is achieved through this explosion venting manifold, there is no need to install insulation structures on the explosion venting device itself, making the device's structure simpler and easier to manufacture.

[0026] 2. In the battery cluster of this utility model, the inner tube of the explosion-venting manifold is made of asbestos cloth or high-silica cloth, which has good heat insulation effect and low cost. The wall thickness of the inner tube is preferably 1-2mm. This type of inner tube has good deformation effect while providing insulation, making it easy to connect with the outer tube. The outer tube is made of low-cost and high-strength silicone-reinforced cloth, with a wall thickness preferably 2-4mm. This type of outer tube maintains good deformation resistance while also having good compressive strength, further avoiding the risk of burn-through.

[0027] 3. In this utility model battery cluster, the outer tube and inner tube are molded into a single double-layer pipeline through vulcanization and demolding. Compared with fixing methods such as adhesive bonding, this molding method is simple to manufacture and has a lower cost. Moreover, the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube are interlocked, and the inner and outer tubes are always a single structure. This can completely avoid the problem of misalignment of the inner and outer tubes after installation, thereby completely avoiding the risk of thermal runaway flue gas leaking from the interlayer between the inner and outer tubes. This ensures the isolation effect of the inner tube against thermal runaway flue gas and the insulating flexible tube, further improving the safety of this type of battery cluster.

[0028] 4. In this utility model battery cluster, the outer peripheral walls of the second and third interfaces of the explosion-proof tee are provided with multiple annular protrusions. The explosion-proof manifold is fitted onto the annular protrusions of the second and third interfaces of the explosion-proof tee, making the connection of the explosion-proof manifold more reliable. At the same time, the annular protrusions increase the contact area and friction between the explosion-proof tee and the explosion-proof manifold, improving the reliability of their connection and preventing the explosion-proof manifold from falling off during use. In addition, the structural design of the annular protrusions ensures the sealing of the connection, effectively preventing liquid or gas leakage.

[0029] 5. In this utility model battery cluster, the explosion-proof manifold is fitted after the second and third interfaces of the explosion-proof tee, and a clamp is used to further achieve a simple and quick connection. The clamp ensures a tight connection between the explosion-proof manifold and the explosion-proof tee, preventing loosening and improving the reliability of the connection between the explosion-proof manifold and the explosion-proof tee.

[0030] 6. In the battery cluster of this utility model, the first interface of the explosion venting tee is provided with an annular boss, the explosion venting membrane is embedded in the first interface and welded to the annular boss. The installation method of this explosion venting membrane is relatively simple. It is only necessary to process the annular boss in the explosion venting tee and weld the explosion venting membrane. At the same time, the welding connection method improves the reliability and sealing of the explosion venting membrane after installation compared with other connection methods.

[0031] 7. In the battery cluster of this utility model, the first interface of the explosion venting tee pipe is fixedly connected to the explosion vent of the outer shell by welding. This connection method can not only achieve reliable installation of the explosion venting tee pipe, but also improve the sealing performance at the connection between the explosion venting tee pipe and the explosion vent of the battery component.

[0032] 8. In the battery cluster of this utility model, the large-capacity battery places multiple individual cells in a shell with a shared chamber. The shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of each individual cell located in the shell, which reduces the differences between individual cells and improves the consistency between individual cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0033] 9. In the battery cluster of this utility model, a heat transfer tube is connected to the part of the polar terminal of each individual battery that extends out of the outer shell. The heat transfer tube exchanges heat with the polar terminal of each individual battery. A heat transfer medium flows inside the heat transfer tube. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal operating temperature.

[0034] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion venting manifold (straight pipe) and battery components in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion venting manifold (straight pipe) and battery components in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the explosion venting manifold (straight pipe) and the explosion venting device in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the explosion vent tee and the battery component in Example 2;

[0039] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the explosion-proof tee pipe in Example 2;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion relief manifold (straight pipe) in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion relief manifold (main pipe and branch pipe) in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion relief manifold (main pipe and branch pipe) and battery components in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the explosion relief manifold (main pipe and branch pipe) and the battery components in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 3;

[0047] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer tube in Example 3.

[0048] Reference numerals: 1-Battery component, 2-Explosion relief tee, 3-Explosion relief manifold, 4-Explosion relief device, 5-Clamp, 11-Outer shell, 12-Single battery, 13-Polar terminal, 14-First clearance hole, 15-Heat transfer tube, 16-Insulating sealant layer, 131-Through groove, 132-Through hole, 151-Second clearance hole, 111-Explosion relief port, 112-Gas sharing chamber, 113-Electrolyte sharing chamber, 21-First interface, 22-Second interface, 23-Third interface, 24-Annular protrusion, 25-Annular boss, 26-Explosion relief membrane, 261-Weak explosion relief area, 31-Outer tube, 32-Inner tube, 33-Main tube, 34-Branch tube. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0050] The phrase "other embodiments" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0051] In this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate component, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0053] To prevent the thermal runaway fumes from individual battery components from spreading throughout the container and causing safety issues, this invention installs explosion venting devices on the battery components and connects the explosion venting devices of all battery components within the battery cluster via an explosion venting manifold. When any battery component in the battery cluster experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway fumes can be discharged through the explosion venting manifold, reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation and the explosion of battery components, the battery cluster itself, and even the energy storage container.

[0054] The aforementioned explosion-venting manifold adopts a double-layer pipe structure. The outer pipe is made of insulating material and is a flexible insulating pipe with deformation capability. The deformation of this flexible insulating pipe can compensate for the installation deviation of the explosion-venting devices of each battery component, eliminating the need to readjust the position of the battery components and reducing the installation difficulty of the battery components. The inner pipe is made of insulating and heat-insulating material. This inner pipe can isolate thermal runaway flue gas from the outer pipe, avoiding the risk of the outer pipe being burned through due to direct contact between thermal runaway flue gas and the outer pipe. It also prevents the heat of thermal runaway flue gas from being transferred to the connection between the explosion-venting device and the explosion-venting manifold, thus avoiding the problem of unreliable connection between the explosion-venting device and the explosion-venting manifold, improving the safety of the battery cluster.

[0055] In addition, the inner tube of the aforementioned explosion venting manifold is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer tube. This type of explosion venting manifold is not only easier to install on site, but also avoids the risk of thermal runaway fumes leaking from the interlayer between the inner and outer tubes after installation, thus further improving the safety of this type of battery cluster.

[0056] Finally, both the outer and inner tubes of the explosion venting manifold are insulated conduits, achieving insulation between battery components and ensuring their safety during use. Because insulation between battery components is achieved through this explosion venting manifold, there is no need to install insulation structures on the explosion venting device itself, making the device's structure simpler, easier to manufacture, and easier to install.

[0057] The aforementioned explosion-venting manifold can be applied to various battery components with different structures, and these battery components can include at least the following two types:

[0058] First type of battery components:

[0059] The first type of battery component is a high-capacity battery, which includes n individual cells arranged in the same direction, where n is an integer greater than 1. The internal cavities of the n individual cells are interconnected. Specifically, the electrolyte regions of the internal cavities of multiple individual cells can be connected based on at least one electrolyte sharing pipeline to achieve electrolyte sharing, reduce the differences between individual cells, and optimize the cycle performance of the high-capacity battery. Alternatively, the gas regions of the internal cavities of multiple individual cells can be connected based on a gas sharing pipeline to achieve gas balance and further optimize the cycle performance of the high-capacity battery. The electrolyte sharing pipeline or gas sharing pipeline of the high-capacity battery is provided with a vent, and a venting device for directional discharge of thermal runaway fumes is connected to the vent. For ease of description, the arrangement direction of the individual cells is defined as the x-direction; the height direction of the individual cells is defined as the z-direction; and the direction perpendicular to both the x and z directions is defined as the y-direction.

[0060] For example, see the large-capacity batteries disclosed in Chinese patents CN117477186A, CN117477063A, and CN115275453A; such large-capacity batteries all include multiple individual cells and a shared chamber that is connected to the inner cavity of each individual cell (the shared chamber mentioned here is the first hollow component or the second hollow component mentioned in CN117477186A, the hollow component mentioned in CN117477063A, and the electrolyte shared channel mentioned in CN115275453A); this utility model uses one end of the above-mentioned shared chamber as the explosion vent of the large-capacity battery.

[0061] Second type of battery components:

[0062] The second type of battery component is a high-capacity battery, which includes a casing and n individual cells; the n individual cells are arranged along the x-direction and placed inside the casing. The casing has a vent, and a venting device is connected to the vent, through which thermal runaway fumes are discharged. This invention does not specifically limit the casing structure described above; at least the following two structures can be used:

[0063] The first structure includes a first cylinder with open ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is an open end) and end plates fixed to the two open ends of the first cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane).

[0064] The second structure includes a second cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the port parallel to the xy plane is the open end) and a top plate and a bottom plate respectively fixed to the open ends at the top and bottom of the second cylinder (i.e., the top plate and the bottom plate are both parallel to the xy plane, and the bottom plate or the top plate can be an integral structure with the second cylinder).

[0065] The top plate of the outer casing (here, the top plate of the first cylindrical body in the first structure, and the top plate in the second structure) has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell. The polarity terminals of each individual battery cell extend out of the corresponding clearance holes, and the area corresponding to each clearance hole on the top plate of the outer casing is sealed to the top cover plate of the corresponding individual battery cell. The area corresponding to the clearance hole can be the wall of the clearance hole or the area surrounding the clearance hole on the top plate of the outer casing. Inside the casing, the internal cavities of each individual battery cell are interconnected, achieving electrolyte sharing and / or gas balance, reducing the differences between individual batteries within the casing, and improving the performance of high-capacity batteries. This interconnection of the internal cavities of each individual battery cell is typically achieved through a shared chamber located within the casing.

[0066] For example, see the large-capacity battery disclosed in Chinese patent CN220324596U. This type of large-capacity battery includes a casing and multiple individual cells arranged inside the casing; the inner cavity of each individual cell is connected to the inner cavity of the casing; the casing is provided with an explosion vent, and an explosion venting device is connected to the explosion vent, which is connected to an explosion venting manifold.

[0067] Category III battery components:

[0068] The second type of battery component is the existing single cell, with an explosion venting device connected to the explosion venting port of each single cell. The explosion venting device can be an explosion venting tee or an explosion venting straight pipe.

[0069] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to prevent the thermal runaway fumes from individual battery components 1 from spreading throughout the container and causing safety hazards, the explosion venting devices 4 of all battery components 1 within the battery cluster are connected via an explosion venting manifold 3. When a thermal runaway occurs in any battery component 1, the internal temperature can reach 500–1000°C. The gases generated during the thermal runaway process increase the internal pressure of the battery component 1, eventually causing the explosion venting device 4 to open and release the evaporated electrolyte and reactive gases, forming thermal runaway fumes with a high temperature. To ensure the safe transport of the thermal runaway fumes, the explosion venting manifold 3 must meet high-temperature resistance requirements; that is, it must not leak or deform when the thermal runaway fumes pass through. Simultaneously, it is also required that the connection between the explosion venting manifold 3 and the explosion venting device 4 of the battery component 1 ensures the sealing and reliability of the connection.

[0072] Based on this, such as Figure 6As shown, this embodiment provides a venting manifold 3 for connecting the venting device 4 of the battery components in the battery cluster; the venting manifold 3 adopts a double-layer pipeline, including an outer pipe 31 and an inner pipe 32. The outer pipe 31 is an insulating flexible pipe, and the inner pipe 32 is an insulating heat-insulating pipe. The insulating heat-insulating pipe is fixed inside the insulating flexible pipe to isolate the thermal runaway flue gas from the insulating flexible pipe.

[0073] In this embodiment, the explosion relief manifold 3 is a double-layered pipeline, a composite pipe with a heat insulation layer. Compared with the existing conventional flue gas conveying pipeline, this pipeline has an additional inner heat insulation pipe. The inner pipe 32 prevents thermal runaway flue gas from directly contacting the outer insulating flexible pipe. When thermal runaway flue gas is flowing, the inner pipe 32 can isolate the thermal runaway flue gas from the outer pipe 31, avoiding the risk of the thermal runaway flue gas burning through the outer pipe 31 due to direct contact with the outer pipe 31. It also avoids the problem of unreliable connection caused by the heat of the thermal runaway flue gas being transferred to the connection between the explosion relief device 4 and the explosion relief manifold 3, thus improving the safety of the battery cluster.

[0074] In this embodiment, the inner tube 32 is made of asbestos cloth, fiberglass cloth, high-silica cloth, silicone fiberglass cloth, or ceramic fiber cloth, which have good thermal insulation properties. Alternatively, the inner tube 32 can be made of an aerogel insulation layer. The wall thickness of the inner tube 32 is preferably 1-2 mm. This wall thickness maintains the insulation effect while also providing a certain degree of braiding, allowing the inner tube 32 to deform and facilitating connection with the outer tube. The outer tube 31 is a silicone tube, a fabric-reinforced silicone tube, or a rubber tube. This type of outer tube has excellent high-temperature resistance and good insulation resistance, improving the reliability of the battery component 1 during use. The wall thickness of the outer tube 31 is preferably 2-4 mm. This wall thickness maintains good deformation while also providing good compressive strength and resistance, further preventing the risk of burn-through.

[0075] In this embodiment, during the fabrication of the explosion-proof manifold, the inner tube 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer tube 31. This fixed connection not only facilitates on-site installation but also prevents the inner tube 32 and outer tube 31 from shifting after installation, thus avoiding the risk of thermal runaway fumes leaking from the interlayer between them and further improving the safety of this type of battery cluster. Specifically, the inner tube 32 and outer tube 31 can be connected in various ways, such as by using adhesive to connect the outer wall of the inner tube 32 to the inner wall of the outer tube 31.

[0076] In this embodiment, the explosion relief manifold 3 may include the following structure:

[0077] First, such as Figure 6 and Figure 2As shown, the explosion venting manifold 3 is a straight pipe. This type of explosion venting manifold 3 is mainly compatible with the structure of the explosion venting device 4, which is an explosion venting tee pipe 2. The two ends of the explosion venting manifold 3 are respectively connected to the two ports of the explosion venting tee pipe 2.

[0078] The manufacturing process of this type of explosion-proof manifold 3 is as follows: the outer tube 31 and the inner tube 32 are molded into an integral pipe through vulcanization and demolding. First, the inner tube 32 is fitted onto a long column, and the outer silicone tube, fabric-reinforced silicone tube, or rubber tube is fitted onto the outside of the inner tube 32. Then, the inner tube 32 and the outer tube 31 are vulcanized, and finally demolded. Compared with fixing methods such as adhesive bonding, this molding method not only simplifies the structure and reduces costs, but also ensures that the outer wall of the inner tube 32 and the inner wall of the outer tube 31 are interlocked, and the inner tube 32 and the outer tube 31 are always an integral sleeve structure. This completely avoids the problem of misalignment of the inner tube 32 and the outer tube 31 after installation, thereby completely avoiding the risk of thermal runaway gas leakage from the interlayer between the inner tube 32 and the outer tube 31, further improving the safety of this type of battery cluster.

[0079] Second, such as Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the explosion venting manifold 3 includes a main pipe 33 and multiple branch pipes 34 installed on the main pipe 33, and each main pipe 33 is connected to a branch pipe 34; this type of explosion venting manifold 3 is mainly adapted to the structure of the explosion venting device 4 as an explosion venting straight pipe; each branch pipe 34 of the explosion venting manifold 3 is connected to the explosion venting device 4 of each battery component.

[0080] The manufacturing process of this type of explosion relief manifold 3 is as follows: First, the main pipe 33 and the branch pipe 34 are made by vulcanization demolding molding as described above. Then, multiple holes are opened on the same side wall of each main pipe 33. The size of the holes is adapted to the size of the branch pipe 34. Finally, one end of each branch pipe 34 is fixed to the corresponding through hole of the main pipe 33 by means of hot melting or adhesive bonding.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery cluster, which includes multiple battery components 1. In this embodiment, the battery component 1 is a single battery cell, which can be a prismatic battery, etc., and the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The explosion venting device 4 is an explosion venting tee pipe 2, which is fixed to the explosion vent of the battery component 1. The explosion venting manifold 3 connects the explosion venting tee pipes 2 of each battery component 1, and orderly transports the thermal runaway flue gas of multiple battery components 1. The explosion venting manifold 3 adopts the structure of a straight pipe as in Embodiment 1. Of course, in other embodiments, the explosion venting device 4 is an explosion venting straight pipe, which is fixed to the explosion vent of the single battery cell. An explosion venting membrane is provided inside the explosion vent or the explosion venting straight pipe. In this case, the explosion venting manifold 3 adopts the structure of a main pipe 33 plus branch pipes as in Embodiment 1.

[0083] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment of the battery cluster, each battery component 1 is provided with a vent 111 communicating with its inner cavity. The first port 21 of the vent tee 2 is connected to the vent 111 of the battery component 1, and the second port 22 and the third port 23 of the vent tee 2 are respectively connected to the vent manifold 3. Because thermal runaway gas has high-temperature characteristics, to ensure that the vent tee 2 does not deform when the thermal runaway gas is discharged, the vent tee 2 is generally made of metal and is sealed to the vent 111 of the battery component 1. The vent tee 2 can typically be made of the same aluminum metal as the battery casing of the battery component 1, or it can be made of other metals, such as stainless steel. At the same time, the vent tee 2 is a high-temperature resistant pipe, meaning that it cannot deform when thermal runaway occurs, ensuring the sealing of the connection between the vent tee 2 and the vent 111, and avoiding leakage due to deformation caused by high temperature.

[0084] When the aforementioned explosion-proof tee pipe 2 is connected to the explosion-proof port 111 of the battery component 1, a sealed connection can be achieved using various methods such as welding, bonding, threaded connection, and interference fit. After connection, it is necessary to ensure that the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 is in communication with the inner cavity of the battery component 1. In this embodiment, the first interface 21 of the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 is fixed to the battery component 1 by welding. This connection method can not only ensure the reliable installation of the explosion-proof tee pipe 2, but also improve the sealing performance at the connection between the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 and the explosion-proof port 111 of the battery component 1. In other embodiments, the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 can also be fixed to the explosion-proof port 111 by threaded connection. In this case, it is necessary to ensure the sealing performance of the threaded connection.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, the first interface 21 of the aforementioned explosion-proof tee pipe 2 is provided with an explosion-proof membrane 26, which can be circular or elliptical. Specifically, the shape of the explosion-proof membrane 26 matches the shape of the inner tube 32 of the first interface 21 of the explosion-proof tee pipe 2. The inner tube 32 of the first interface 21 is generally circular; therefore, the explosion-proof membrane 26 is also generally circular. The explosion-proof membrane 26 can be made of plastic sheet or metal sheet. If a plastic sheet is used, the explosion-proof membrane 26 needs to be fixed to the first interface 21 of the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 by adhesive bonding. However, due to insufficient pressure resistance of adhesive bonding, accidental explosions may occur. Therefore, in this embodiment, the explosion-proof membrane 26 is made of metal sheet and fixed to the first interface 21 of the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 by welding. For ease of welding, the explosion-proof membrane 26 is preferably made of aluminum sheet. An annular boss 25 is provided in the first interface 21 of the explosion-proof tee pipe 2, and the edge of the explosion-proof membrane 26 is welded to the step of the annular boss 25.

[0086] Furthermore, to further ensure that the explosion relief membrane 26 can rupture smoothly under the pressure of thermal runaway flue gas, a groove is provided in the middle region of the explosion relief membrane 26 to form a weak explosion relief area 261. This groove can be an annular groove or a cross-shaped groove. The groove effectively ensures that the weak explosion relief area 261 can be broken through when the internal pressure of the battery component increases. In specific manufacturing, the groove can be formed by laser engraving on an aluminum sheet. When pressure relief and explosion are required, the gas rushes out, and this weak point ruptures first, achieving the purpose of safe pressure relief.

[0087] After the explosion relief tee 2 is installed on the battery component 1, when the pressure inside the battery component reaches a certain pressure value, the explosion relief diaphragm 26 inside the explosion relief tee 2 will rupture and open, and the explosion relief tee 2 will discharge the thermal runaway smoke from the battery component 1, thus avoiding the safety hazard of combustion or explosion of the battery component 1.

[0088] like Figure 5 As shown, to facilitate the connection between the explosion-proof tee 2 and the explosion-proof manifold 3, multiple annular protrusions 24 are provided on the outer peripheral walls of the second port 22 and the third port 23 of the explosion-proof tee 2. The explosion-proof manifold 3 is fitted onto the annular protrusions 24, making the connection of the explosion-proof manifold 3 more reliable. At the same time, the annular protrusions 24 also increase the contact area and friction between the explosion-proof tee 2 and the explosion-proof manifold 3, improving the reliability of the connection and preventing the explosion-proof manifold 3 from falling off during use. In addition, the structural design of the annular protrusions 24 can ensure the sealing of the connection, effectively preventing liquid or gas leakage.

[0089] In this embodiment, the annular protrusion 24 of the explosion-proof tee 2 consists of multiple pagoda-shaped cones on the outer peripheral walls of the second and third interfaces 22 and 23 of the explosion-proof tee 2, forming a pagoda-shaped connector structure. The barbed structure in the pagoda-shaped connector structure facilitates stable insertion and connection of the explosion-proof manifold 3, resulting in a more reliable connection. Simultaneously, the unique design of the pagoda-shaped connector structure ensures the sealing of the connection points, effectively preventing liquid or gas leakage. Furthermore, the pagoda-shaped connector structure increases the contact area and friction between the explosion-proof tee 2 and the explosion-proof manifold 3, increasing the reliability of the connection and preventing the explosion-proof manifold 3 from detaching during use.

[0090] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the assembly process of the battery cluster in this embodiment is as follows: First, when manufacturing the battery component 1, each explosion venting tee pipe 2 is fixed on the battery component 1. Second, multiple battery components 1 with explosion venting tee pipes 2 installed are arranged in sequence, with the explosion venting tee pipes 2 of each battery component 1 located on the same side of the battery component 1. An explosion venting manifold 3 is placed between adjacent battery components 1, and both ends of the explosion venting manifold 3 are respectively fitted onto the explosion venting tee pipe 2. Then, the explosion venting manifold 3 of the explosion venting tee pipe 2 is tightened again by clamps 5.

[0091] The aforementioned explosion-proof manifold 3 and the explosion-proof tee pipes 2 of each battery component 1 are connected by clamps 5. The clamps 5 ensure a tight connection between the explosion-proof manifold 3 and the explosion-proof tee pipe 2, preventing loosening and further guaranteeing the sealing reliability of the connection. Simultaneously, the clamps 5 also allow for simple and quick connection between the explosion-proof tee pipe 2 and the explosion-proof manifold 3, and disassembly is relatively convenient. During installation, simply fitting the explosion-proof manifold 3 onto the pagoda connector structure is sufficient, requiring no complex tools or cumbersome installation steps, resulting in high assembly efficiency.

[0092] In other embodiments, the explosion venting tee 2 and the explosion venting manifold 3 can also be connected by adhesive bonding, interference fit, or other methods. However, after using adhesive bonding or interference fit, the positions of the explosion venting tee 2 and the explosion venting manifold are not easy to adjust. In this utility model, when connected by clamp 5, it can accommodate a certain degree of misalignment and offset of the explosion venting tee 2. When the above problems occur, it is not necessary to readjust the position of the explosion venting tee 2. It is only necessary to put the explosion venting manifold 3 on the explosion venting tee 2 and fix it with clamp 5. The installation is simple and reliable.

[0093] Furthermore, a heat-insulating gasket can be provided between the second interface 22 and the third interface 23 of the explosion vent manifold 3 and the explosion vent tee 2. This gasket isolates heat transfer between the explosion vent tee 2 and the explosion vent manifold 3, improving the reliability of the explosion vent manifold 3 during use. Simultaneously, the heat-insulating gasket also reduces the risk of leakage. Additionally, the explosion vent tee 2 can be made of a metal with low thermal conductivity, reducing the rate at which heat is transferred from the explosion vent tee 2 to the explosion vent manifold 3, further improving the reliability of the explosion vent manifold 3 during use.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, this embodiment is similar to embodiment 2, except that the battery component in this embodiment is a high-capacity battery.

[0096] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the high-capacity battery provided in this embodiment includes a casing 11 and multiple individual cells 12 arranged in the same direction within the casing 11. The inner cavity of each individual cell 12 includes an electrolyte region and a gas region. After the multiple individual cells 12 are arranged in the same direction within the casing 11, a first clearance hole 14 is provided on the top plate of the casing 11 corresponding to the polarity terminal 13 of each individual cell 12. The polarity terminal 13 of each individual cell 12 extends out of the corresponding first clearance hole 14 as the polarity terminal 13 of the high-capacity battery (the polarity terminals of all individual cells on one side serve as the positive polarity terminal of the high-capacity battery, and the polarity terminals of all individual cells on the other side serve as the negative polarity terminal of the high-capacity battery). The area of ​​the top plate of the casing 11 corresponding to the first clearance hole 14 is fixedly sealed to the casing of the individual cell 12.

[0097] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 13 of the single cell 12 here can be the terminal post of the single cell 12. In order to prevent the terminal post of the single cell 12 from not being able to extend smoothly out of the first clearance hole 14 as the polarity terminal 13, a terminal post adapter can be connected to the terminal post of the single cell 12, and the overall structure of the terminal post of the single cell 12 and the terminal post adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 13 of the single cell 12.

[0098] like Figure 11 As shown, the inner cavity of the outer casing 11 and the inner cavities of each individual battery cell 12 are all connected. The above-mentioned connection effect can be achieved by providing a shared chamber in the outer casing 11, so that the inner cavity of the shared chamber and the inner cavities of all individual battery cells 12 are connected.

[0099] The aforementioned shared chamber can be an electrolyte shared chamber 113. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 113 is connected to the electrolyte area inside all individual battery cells 12. Through the electrolyte shared chamber 113, each individual battery cell 12 can be in a uniform electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each individual battery cell 12 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. In this embodiment, the electrolyte shared chamber 113 is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate of the outer casing 11 and the bottom of each individual battery cell 12.

[0100] The aforementioned shared chamber can also be a gas-sharing chamber 112. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 112 is connected to the gas region of the inner cavity of all individual battery cells 12. The gas balance of each individual battery cell 12 is achieved through the gas-sharing chamber 112, which can also improve the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery. In this embodiment, the gas-sharing chamber 112 is a gas channel provided on the top plate of the outer casing 11. At this time, the top plate of the outer casing 11 has a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 12, and a gas channel is formed at the protrusion.

[0101] The aforementioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​all individual battery cells 12. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each individual battery cell 12 can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, which improves the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0102] To vent thermal runaway fumes from the casing 11 of the large-capacity battery, this embodiment provides a vent 111 on the casing 11 that communicates with the inner cavity of the casing 11. Normally, this vent 111 communicates with the shared chamber. A vent tee pipe 2 is connected to this vent 111. When the pressure inside the casing 11 reaches a certain value, the vent diaphragm 26 inside the vent tee pipe 2 ruptures and opens, allowing the vent tee pipe 2 to directionally discharge the thermal runaway fumes generated by the thermal runaway of any single cell 12 in the large-capacity battery, thus preventing the safety hazard of combustion or explosion of the large-capacity battery.

[0103] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, to further enhance the safety of the large-capacity battery in this embodiment, a heat transfer pipe 15 is connected to the portion of the polarity terminal 13 of each individual battery 12 that extends out of the outer casing 11. The heat transfer pipe 15 exchanges heat with the polarity terminal 13 of each individual battery 12. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than a set threshold, a lower-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat transfer pipe 15 to cool the large-capacity battery. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, a higher-temperature heat transfer medium is introduced into the heat transfer pipe 15 to heat the large-capacity battery. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at the normal operating temperature.

[0104] like Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the polarity terminal 13 of each individual battery cell 12 is designed as a rectangular block structure. The length, width, and height of the rectangular block can be customized according to the actual application scenario to adapt to different battery specifications. In some other embodiments, a cylindrical polarity terminal 13 can also be used. The polarity terminal 13 includes a polarity terminal 13 body, on which two parallel through slots 131 are formed. The through slots 131 penetrate the polarity terminal 13 body in the x direction, and the two through slots 131 are spaced apart in the y direction.

[0105] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 13As shown, the top of the casing 11 of the high-capacity battery has two heat transfer tubes 15, each extending along the x-axis. The cross-section of each heat transfer tube 15 is rectangular, and the tube wall has multiple second clearance holes 151. These second clearance holes 151 are spaced apart along the x-direction, and each second clearance hole 151 corresponds one-to-one with each polarity terminal 13 on the same side of the high-capacity battery. The two heat transfer tubes 15 are arranged along the y-axis and are respectively embedded in the through slots 131 of the polarity terminals 13 located on different sides. One heat transfer tube 15 is embedded in the through slot 131 of the overall positive terminal of the high-capacity battery, and the other heat transfer tube 15 is embedded in the through slot 131 of the overall negative terminal of the high-capacity battery. At this time, the width of the through slot 131 (the dimension in the y-direction) needs to ensure that the corresponding heat transfer tube 15 wall can be embedded, and there is a certain gap between the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 15 and the main body of the polarity terminal 13 to allow the heat transfer medium to flow.

[0106] When the heat transfer tube 15 is embedded in the through groove 131, each polarity terminal 13 extends into the inner cavity of the heat transfer tube 15 through the second clearance hole 151 formed on the tube wall. Simultaneously, a certain gap is reserved between the polarity terminal 13 and the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 15, serving as a flow cavity for the heat transfer medium. To prevent the heat transfer medium from overflowing from the flow cavity, a sealing treatment can be applied between the polarity terminal 13 and the second clearance hole 151. Sealing measures can employ sealants such as high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant sealants with good insulation properties, or the installation of sealing rings or gaskets, to ensure stable flow of the heat transfer medium within the closed sub-cavity. This embodiment employs the sealing measure of installing sealing rings.

[0107] To improve the connection stability between the heat transfer tube 15 and the polar terminal 13, this embodiment provides a welding part on the side wall of the through groove 131, which is then welded and fixed to the heat transfer tube 15. Specifically, there are two feasible welding methods. First, a large area of ​​the side wall of the through groove 131 can be used as the welding part, and through welding can be performed with the heat transfer tube 15 to form a strong connection, effectively enhancing the bonding strength and heat conduction performance of the two. Second, the top of the side wall of the through groove 131 (a continuous plane extending along x) can be used as the welding part, and welding can be performed along the contact area between the top of the side wall of the through groove 131 and the wall of the heat transfer tube 15, ensuring that the weld is uniform and continuous, thereby achieving a tight connection between the two.

[0108] In this embodiment, the heat transfer pipe 15 not only serves as a heat dissipation component but also as an electrical conductor to enable the parallel connection of multiple individual battery cells 12. In a large-capacity battery, the polarity of the terminals 13 on the same side is the same, while the polarity of the terminals 13 on different sides is opposite. Two heat transfer pipes 15 are fixed to the polarity terminals 13 on both sides, enabling the parallel connection of multiple individual battery cells 12. When the heat transfer pipe 15 is an electrical conductor, it can be made of high-purity aluminum alloy, such as 6063 aluminum alloy. This material has good electrical conductivity, with a conductivity of 30–35 MS / m at 20°C, which meets the requirements for current conduction; it also has excellent thermal conductivity, with a thermal conductivity of approximately 200–230 W / (m·K), enabling efficient heat dissipation.

[0109] In this embodiment, for a heat transfer tube 15 on the same side, the heat transfer medium flows in from one end of the heat transfer tube 15, flows sequentially through all the polar terminals 13 located inside the heat transfer tube 15, and flows out from the other end of the heat transfer tube 15. A portion of the structure of the battery's polar terminals 13 is directly placed inside the heat transfer tube 15, allowing direct contact between the polar terminals 13 and the heat transfer medium. In conventional heat exchange methods, heat needs to pass through multiple levels of transfer to achieve exchange. However, in this embodiment, the polar terminals 13 are directly connected to the heat transfer medium, allowing the heat transfer medium to directly act on the polar terminals 13 without energy loss in other intermediate stages, significantly improving the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium. This means that the same amount of heat transfer medium can play a greater role in heat transfer, greatly improving the efficiency of heat transfer. While improving the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium, the overall heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity battery is also greatly improved. The problem of battery performance degradation that might have been caused by untimely heat exchange is solved by this efficient heat exchange design, thus ensuring that the large-capacity battery is always in good working condition, extending its service life and improving its operational stability.

[0110] To further improve the heat transfer performance of the polarity terminal 13, this embodiment provides a through-hole 132 on the polarity terminal 13 body, with the through-hole 132 penetrating the polarity terminal 13 body along the x-direction. In practical applications, the size and number of through-holes 132 can be flexibly adjusted according to specific needs, provided that the conductivity of the polarity terminal 13 is not affected. The through-hole 132 increases the contact area between the polarity terminal 13 body and the heat transfer medium, thereby significantly improving heat transfer efficiency. When the heat transfer medium flows through the polarity terminal 13 body, it can more fully surround the polarity terminal 13 body through the through-hole 132. Previously, the heat transfer medium could only exchange heat with the surface of the polarity terminal 13 body; now, internal through-heat exchange can be achieved through the through-hole 132, which greatly increases the amount of heat transferred per unit time and accelerates the heat dissipation rate of the polarity terminal 13.

[0111] In some other embodiments, other structures may be processed on the outer wall of the polar terminal 13 body to increase the heat exchange area. For ease of description, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area are collectively referred to as functional structures. Such functional structures may include dot-shaped pits and protrusions on the outer wall of the polar terminal 13 body, annular grooves on the outer wall of the polar terminal 13 body, and through grooves 131 on the polar terminal 13 body, etc.

[0112] like Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, an insulating sealant layer 16 is laid on the top plate of the outer casing 11. The insulating sealant layer 16 covers at least a portion of the structure of the heat transfer tube 15 and the polarity terminal 13, with the top of the heat transfer tube 15 exposed, serving as an electrical connection. During the operation of the high-capacity battery, internal temperature changes may cause water vapor condensation. The insulating sealant layer 16 can isolate external moisture, reduce internal humidity changes, and prevent water droplets from forming on the surfaces of the heat transfer tube 15 and the polarity terminal 13, thus preventing short circuits and component corrosion caused by condensation. In addition, covering a portion of the structure of the heat transfer tube 15 and the polarity terminal 13 within the sealant layer makes the connections between components tighter, reducing relative displacement between components under vibration, impact, and other conditions, and enhancing the structural stability of the entire high-capacity battery. Furthermore, the insulating sealant penetrating into the sealing ring area can further improve the sealing performance between the polarity terminal 13 and the second clearance hole 151.

Claims

1. A venting manifold, characterized in that, An explosion venting device used to connect battery components in a battery cluster; The explosion relief manifold is a double-layered pipeline, including an outer pipe and an inner pipe. The outer pipe is an insulated flexible pipe, and the inner pipe is an insulated heat-insulating pipe. The insulated heat-insulating pipe is fixed inside the insulated flexible pipe to prevent thermal runaway flue gas from directly contacting the outer insulated flexible pipe.

2. The explosion relief manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer and inner pipes are a single-layer pipeline structure.

3. The explosion relief manifold according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner tube is an asbestos cloth tube or a high-silica cloth tube, and the outer tube is a cloth-reinforced silicone tube. The outer tube and the inner tube are formed into a single double-layer pipeline through vulcanization and demolding.

4. The explosion relief manifold according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner tube has a wall thickness of 1-2 mm, and the outer tube has a wall thickness of 2-4 mm.

5. The explosion relief manifold according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The explosion relief manifold includes a main pipe and multiple branch pipes installed on the main pipe.

6. A battery cluster, characterized in that, Includes multiple battery components and the explosion relief manifold as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; Multiple battery components are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each battery component is equipped with a venting device. The venting manifold is connected to the venting device of the battery component.

7. The battery cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that, The explosion venting device is an explosion venting tee pipe. The first interface of each explosion venting tee pipe is connected to the explosion vent of each battery component, and an explosion venting membrane is provided inside the first interface. The second and third interfaces of the explosion venting tee pipes of adjacent battery components are connected through an explosion venting manifold.

8. The battery cluster according to claim 7, characterized in that, The explosion venting manifold is fitted onto the second and third ports of the explosion venting tee and secured with clamps.

9. The battery cluster according to claim 8, characterized in that, A heat-insulating sealing gasket is provided between the second and third interfaces of the explosion venting manifold and the explosion venting tee.

10. The battery cluster according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer peripheral walls of the second and third ports of the explosion venting tee are provided with multiple annular protrusions, and the explosion venting manifold is fitted onto the annular protrusions.

11. The battery cluster according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first interface of the explosion venting tee is fixedly connected to the explosion vent of the battery component by welding. The first interface of the explosion venting tee is provided with an annular boss. The explosion venting membrane is embedded in the first interface and welded to the annular boss.

12. The battery cluster according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that, The battery component includes multiple individual cells arranged along the second direction, with the internal cavities of the multiple individual cells interconnected, and the electrolyte and / or gas shared among the individual cells.

13. The battery cluster according to claim 12, characterized in that, The battery component also includes a housing, in which n individual batteries are arranged in the same direction. The housing is provided with a vent. The top plate of the housing is provided with a first clearance hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each individual battery. The polarity terminal of each individual battery extends out of the first clearance hole, and the area corresponding to each first clearance hole on the top plate of the housing is sealed to the top cover plate of the corresponding individual battery.

14. The battery cluster according to claim 13, characterized in that, Each individual battery cell has a heat transfer tube extending from its polar terminal onto the outer casing. The heat transfer tube exchanges heat with the polar terminal of each cell. An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top of the outer casing, and at least part of the structure of the polar terminal and the heat transfer tube is located within the insulating sealant layer.

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