An intelligent power distribution device

Abstract

The application relates to the power distribution field, in particular to an intelligent power distribution device which comprises a voltage and current detection module for collecting voltage and current signals of an input power supply and converting the signals into standard signals; an intelligent control module in communication connection with the voltage and current detection module; an execution control module connected with the intelligent control module and used for driving on-off of an air switch; a phase protection and interlocking module connected with the intelligent control module and comprising a phase detection circuit and an interlocking signal access circuit. Each module has a specific circuit composition. The voltage and current detection module has a high-voltage voltage dividing circuit and the like; the intelligent control module contains a main control unit and the like; the execution control module comprises a relay driving circuit and the like; the phase detection circuit contains a rectifier bridge and the like, and the interlocking signal access circuit has an optoelectronic coupler isolation circuit and the like. The application can accurately collect power supply signals, realize intelligent control of on-off of an air switch, has the phase protection and interlocking functions and the like, and provides more reliable protection for a power distribution system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power distribution equipment, and more particularly to an intelligent power distribution device. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, power distribution equipment plays a crucial role, responsible for the rational allocation of total input power to different functional units of electrical appliances. With continuous technological advancements, the types and functions of electrical appliances are becoming increasingly diverse, placing higher demands on the performance and functionality of power distribution equipment. A well-designed power distribution system ensures the stable operation of electrical appliances, improves power efficiency, and reduces energy loss, which is of great significance to the safety and stability of the entire power system.

[0003] Traditional power distribution systems typically only have basic power distribution functions. Their structure is relatively simple, with the core component being a main power switch used to control the power supply to all electrical appliances. These systems are designed with a focus on achieving basic circuit connections and on / off control, employing relatively conventional electrical components and circuit designs. They can meet basic power supply requirements when faced with simple electricity needs.

[0004] However, the aforementioned power distribution devices have significant limitations. Their functions are relatively simple, only capable of basic power distribution and on / off control, failing to meet the intelligent control requirements of modern electrical appliances. Therefore, when faced with complex electrical environments and diverse electrical appliances, the shortcomings of such traditional power distribution devices become increasingly apparent, potentially leading to problems such as unstable operation of electrical appliances. Utility Model Content

[0005] To achieve intelligent control of the power supply for electrical appliances, this application provides an intelligent power distribution device. The technical solution adopted is as follows: An intelligent power distribution device, comprising: The voltage and current detection module is used to acquire the voltage and current signals of the input power supply and convert them into voltage and current signals; The phase protection and interlocking module includes a phase detection circuit and an interlocking signal access circuit; the phase detection circuit is used to detect the power supply phase; the interlocking signal access circuit is used to connect to external environmental control equipment and receive environmental detection signals from the external environmental control equipment. The intelligent control module is communicatively connected to the voltage and current detection module, the phase detection circuit, and the interlocking signal access circuit to receive voltage and current signals, phase signals, and environmental detection signals. An execution control module, connected to the intelligent control module, is used to drive the air switch on and off.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the acquisition and conversion of input power supply voltage and current signals can be realized. The intelligent control module receives the detection data and executes the control logic, supporting local / remote communication and timed control. The execution control module can drive the air switch to open and close and provide feedback on the status. The phase protection and interlocking module can detect phase loss / phase reversal, receive environmental control node signals and trigger emergency protection, thereby realizing power supply control of electrical appliances and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, the intelligent control module includes a main control unit and a communication unit. The main control unit includes an MCU chip, and the communication unit includes at least two RS485 interface circuits and a network communication module. Both the RS485 interface circuits and the network communication module are electrically connected to the MCU chip.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the MCU chip can provide stable computing and control capabilities; at least two RS485 interface circuits can realize local communication with the voltage and current detection module and the appliance controller, and the network communication module can realize remote communication, supporting local and remote control.

[0009] Preferably, the network communication module includes an Ethernet chip and / or a 4G communication module, which are connected to the MCU chip. The Ethernet chip is connected via an RJ45 interface, and the 4G communication module includes a radio frequency antenna and a baseband processing circuit.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the Ethernet chip in the network communication module is connected through the RJ45 interface to realize local area network communication, and the 4G communication module realizes Internet communication through the radio frequency antenna and baseband processing circuit, thereby realizing the local and remote control functions of the intelligent power distribution device. It can be remotely controlled through the local area network, the Internet or a mobile APP to ensure the stable operation of the equipment.

[0011] Preferably, the intelligent control module further includes a display operation unit, which includes a display screen and is connected to the main control unit via an SPI bus interface.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the display screen is connected to the main control unit through the SPI bus interface, enabling the main control unit to efficiently transmit data to the display screen and control its display.

[0013] Preferably, the display operation unit further includes mechanical buttons, which are connected to the GPIO port of the main control unit.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the mechanical buttons are connected to the GPIO port of the main control unit, which can ensure that the main control unit accurately receives the button input signals and realizes reliable local operation and control of the intelligent power distribution device.

[0015] Preferably, the execution control module includes a relay, the coil of which is electrically connected to the intelligent control module, and the contacts of which are connected in series with the electric operating mechanism of the air switch.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution

[0017] Preferably, a freewheeling diode is connected in parallel across the coil of the relay to form a reverse electromotive force suppression circuit.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the freewheeling diode is connected in parallel across the coil to form a reverse electromotive force suppression circuit, which can suppress the reverse electromotive force generated by the relay coil, protect circuit components, and ensure the stable operation of the execution control module.

[0019] Preferably, the execution control module further includes the contact feedback circuit, which includes a voltage divider resistor, and the auxiliary contacts of the air switch are electrically connected to the intelligent control module through the voltage divider resistor.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the contact feedback circuit uses voltage divider resistors to feed back the status of the air switch to the intelligent control module, ensuring accurate monitoring of the air switch status.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The intelligent control module communicates with the voltage and current detection module, the execution control module is connected to the intelligent control module to drive the air switch on and off, and the phase protection and interlocking module is connected to the intelligent control module to detect phase loss / phase reversal, receive environmental control node signals, and trigger emergency protection. 2. The main control unit of the intelligent control module includes an MCU chip, the communication unit includes at least two RS485 interface circuits and a network communication module, and the display and operation unit includes an LCD screen and mechanical buttons. It can receive detection data, execute control logic, and support local / remote communication. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the intelligent power distribution device and the 380V three-phase AC power supply in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit module structure of the intelligent power distribution device in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Voltage and current detection module; 2. Phase protection and interlocking module; 21. Phase detection circuit; 22. Interlocking signal access circuit; 3. Intelligent control module; 31. Main control unit; 32. Communication unit; 321. RS485 interface circuit; 322. Network communication module; 33. Display operation unit; 331. Display screen; 332. Mechanical buttons; 4. Execution control module; 41. Command receiving unit; 42. Drive unit; 43. Contact feedback circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application discloses an intelligent power distribution device, whose core circuit modules include a voltage and current detection module 1, a phase protection and interlocking module 2, an intelligent control module 3, and an execution control module 4. The intelligent control module 3 is communicatively connected to the voltage and current detection module 1. The execution control module 4 is connected to the intelligent control module 3 and can drive the air switch to open and close. The phase protection and interlocking module 2 is connected to the intelligent control module 3 and can detect phase loss / phase reversal, receive environmental control node signals, and trigger emergency protection, thereby realizing intelligent control of the power supply to electrical appliances and helping to ensure the safe and stable operation of electrical appliances.

[0026] Specifically, the circuit structure of the voltage and current detection module 1 adopts existing voltage and current detection schemes, therefore, this application will not elaborate on them. For example, for voltage detection, the 380V voltage of each phase can be reduced to 0-380mV through a high-voltage divider circuit (10MΩ + 10kΩ precision resistors, ratio 1000:1), then amplified to a 0-5V standard signal by an isolation operational amplifier, and output after RC filtering. For current detection, the three-phase lines can be converted into voltage signals by current transformers and sampling resistors. For data processing and communication of voltage and current signals, an STM32G030F6 microcontroller can be used to acquire the analog signals of the three-phase voltage and three-phase current through an ADC, calculate the effective values, and integrate a MAX485 chip to realize RS321485 communication.

[0027] Furthermore, the intelligent control module 3 specifically includes a main control unit 31 and a communication unit 32. The main control unit 31 adopts an STM32F429IGT6 industrial-grade MCU (180MHz main frequency, supports Ethernet and multiple serial ports). The MCU has a built-in RTC real-time clock with a timing accuracy of ±5ppm and supports network time synchronization calibration. The MCU is externally connected to a W25Q128 flash memory for configuring parameters such as voltage thresholds and timing tasks.

[0028] The communication unit 32 enables both local and remote communication. Specifically, the communication unit 32 includes at least two RS485 interface circuits 321, which can be connected to the voltage and current detection module 1 and the phase protection and interlocking module 2 respectively, thereby receiving the corresponding detection signals and ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0029] Meanwhile, the communication unit 32 integrates a W5500 Ethernet chip and a 4G module. The Ethernet chip, such as the W5500, supports protocols such as TCP / UDP / SNMP and connects via an RJ45 interface to enable communication with a local area network. The 4G communication module, such as the Quectel EC20, supports LTE Cat4 and includes an RF antenna and baseband processing circuit. It can access the operator's network via a SIM card to achieve communication with the Internet, enabling remote signal transmission. Data can be received and sent via a mobile app.

[0030] Furthermore, the intelligent control module 3 also includes a display operation unit 33, which specifically comprises an LCD screen 331 and mechanical buttons 332. The LCD screen 331, such as a 12864 LCD screen 331, is connected to the MCU via an SPI bus interface to display information such as voltage, current, and status, allowing users to intuitively understand the operation of the power distribution device. Four mechanical buttons 332 can be provided: reset, manual / automatic switching, closing, and opening buttons. The button signals are connected to the MCU's GPIO port via optocoupler isolation (such as TLP521). The optocoupler isolation prevents interference signals generated by button operations from affecting the normal operation of the main control unit 31. In the intelligent control module 3, the main control unit 31 serves as the core, coordinating the work of the communication unit 32 and the display operation unit 33 to achieve intelligent control of the entire power distribution device.

[0031] The execution control module 4 receives instructions from the intelligent control module 3, drives the air switch to open and close, and provides feedback on the execution status. Specifically, the execution control module 4 includes an instruction receiving unit 41 and a driving unit 42. The instruction receiving unit 41 uses a relay driver chip (such as ULN2003), and the driving unit 42 is configured as an electromagnetic relay. The control signals from the intelligent control module 3 are input to the relay driver chip, which is connected to the coil of the electromagnetic relay and controls the energization of the coil, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic relay contacts. The contacts of the electromagnetic relay are connected in series with the electric operating mechanism of the air switch, thus enabling control of the air switch's opening and closing.

[0032] Furthermore, a freewheeling diode is connected in parallel across the coil of the electromagnetic relay to suppress the reverse electromotive force and protect the relay coil and other circuit components.

[0033] The air switch selected in this embodiment also has auxiliary contacts for synchronously outputting the opening and closing signals of the switch, and can achieve the following functions: Status indication: Auxiliary contacts can provide direct feedback on the switch status, facilitating monitoring and maintenance; Remote control: In some automation systems, auxiliary contacts can be used for remote control or interlocking, improving the system's flexibility and security; Fault warning: By monitoring the signal changes of auxiliary contacts, abnormal states of the switch can be detected in a timely manner, thereby enabling preventive measures to be taken.

[0034] The air switch is existing technology in this field, and its structure and technical principles are common knowledge in this field. This application will not elaborate on it in detail.

[0035] Therefore, the execution control module 4 is further provided with a contact feedback circuit 43. The contact feedback circuit 43 includes a voltage divider resistor and an optocoupler isolation device. The auxiliary contact (normally open / normally closed) signal of the air switch is fed back to the intelligent control module 3 after being isolated by the voltage divider resistor and the optocoupler to confirm the actual state of the switch.

[0036] The phase protection and interlocking module 2 includes a phase detection circuit 21 and an interlocking signal access circuit 22. The three-phase AC phase detection circuit 21 is used to detect phase loss / phase reversal in the three-phase power supply. This is prior art, and its structure and technical principles have been disclosed in existing technical documents (such as "Design and Research of Three-Phase AC Phase Detection System" - Cai Mingming, Liu Jingao, Liu Zhongyuan), and are common knowledge to those skilled in the art; therefore, this application will not elaborate on it. The output of the phase detection circuit 21 is connected to the MCU of the intelligent control module 3, thereby transmitting the detection signal to the MCU.

[0037] Furthermore, the input terminal of the interlock signal access circuit 22 is connected to the environmental control equipment to receive output signals from the environmental control equipment, such as fire alarms and temperature and humidity over-limit alarm lights. The output terminal of the interlock signal access circuit 22 is connected to the external interrupt pin of the MCU. When the environmental control node is triggered, the intelligent control module 3 can respond promptly and trigger the emergency handling procedure.

[0038] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This application mainly adds a voltage and current detection module 1, an intelligent control module 3, and a phase protection and interlocking module 2 to detect the voltage, current, and phase of the input three-phase AC power supply, enabling local control and remote control via a local area network, the Internet, or a mobile APP. Simultaneously, it can be controlled in conjunction with environmental control detection through interlocking nodes, thereby achieving power supply control of electrical appliances in multiple ways and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment. In addition, the intelligent control module 3 has a system time, which can be corrected manually or via network time synchronization. It can also set the power-on or power-off time according to the working time of electrical appliances through software, so as to achieve unattended operation of the station.

[0039] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent power distribution device, characterized in that, include: Voltage and current detection module (1) is used to collect the voltage and current signals of the input power supply and convert them into voltage and current signals; The phase protection and interlocking module (2) includes a phase detection circuit (21) and an interlocking signal access circuit (22); the phase detection circuit (21) is used to detect the power supply phase; the interlocking signal access circuit (22) is used to connect to external environmental control equipment and receive environmental detection signals from the external environmental control equipment. The intelligent control module (3) is communicatively connected to the voltage and current detection module (1), the phase detection circuit (21), and the interlocking signal access circuit (22) to receive voltage and current signals, phase signals, and environmental detection signals. The execution control module (4) is connected to the intelligent control module (3) and is used to drive the air switch on and off.

2. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module (3) includes a main control unit (31) and a communication unit (32). The main control unit (31) includes an MCU chip, and the communication unit (32) includes at least two RS485 interface circuits (321) and a network communication module (322). The RS485 interface circuits (321) and the network communication module (322) are both electrically connected to the MCU chip.

3. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The network communication module (322) includes an Ethernet chip and / or a 4G communication module, which are connected to the MCU chip. The Ethernet chip is connected via an RJ45 interface, and the 4G communication module includes a radio frequency antenna and a baseband processing circuit.

4. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module (3) also includes a display operation unit (33), which includes a display screen (331) and the display screen (331) is connected to the main control unit (31) via an SPI bus interface.

5. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The display operation unit (33) also includes a mechanical button (332), which is connected to the GPIO port of the main control unit (31).

6. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution control module (4) includes a relay, the coil of which is electrically connected to the intelligent control module (3), and the contacts of which are connected in series with the electric operating mechanism of the air switch.

7. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The relay coil has a freewheeling diode connected in parallel across its two ends to form a reverse electromotive force suppression circuit.

8. The intelligent power distribution device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The execution control module (4) also includes the contact feedback circuit (43), which includes a voltage divider resistor. The auxiliary contacts of the air switch are electrically connected to the intelligent control module (3) through the voltage divider resistor.

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