Mutual inductance power pickup device

Abstract

The application discloses a mutual inductance power taking device, which comprises a live wire, a mutual inductor, a rectification filter unit, a power taking unit, an energy storage unit and an energy storage output unit; wherein the mutual inductor is connected with the live wire, the live wire is connected with the rectification filter unit through the mutual inductor, the rectification filter unit is connected with the power taking unit, the power taking unit is connected with the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is connected with the energy storage output unit; and the mutual inductor is internally provided with an output voltage limiting module. The mutual inductor internally provided with the voltage limiting module is installed on the electric wire, the mutual inductor generates alternating current through electromagnetic induction, the alternating current is output to the rectification filter circuit through the wire, the power taking circuit takes power and outputs to the energy storage unit, the energy storage output unit outputs externally, the voltage limiting module arranged in the mutual inductor can prevent the high-voltage electric shock risk caused by no load, can limit the voltage below 10V and limit the leakage current in a very small range, and improves the power taking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mutual inductance power extraction technology, specifically to a mutual inductance power extraction device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of smart grids and the Internet of Things for power, the demand for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of high-voltage transmission lines has surged. However, traditional power supply methods, such as solar cells and voltage transformers, have obvious limitations. As a result, current transformers have emerged, which obtain energy from transmission lines through electromagnetic induction without physical contact with the high-voltage side, thus ensuring high safety.

[0003] However, in scenarios with relatively low current, the output voltage of this method will drop to a relatively low value, making it unable to effectively draw power and affecting the stability of the transmission line. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a mutual inductance power extraction device to solve the defect that the existing method's power extraction output voltage drops to a relatively small voltage value in scenarios with relatively small current, which cannot effectively extract power and affects the stability of the transmission line.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following solution is proposed:

[0006] A mutual inductance power extraction device includes: a live conductor, a mutual inductor, a rectifier and filter unit, a power extraction unit, an energy storage unit, and an energy storage output unit;

[0007] The current transformer is connected to the live conductor, the live conductor is connected to the rectifier and filter unit through the current transformer, the rectifier and filter unit is connected to the power extraction unit, the power extraction unit is connected to the energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit is connected to the energy storage output unit.

[0008] The current transformer is equipped with an output voltage limiting module.

[0009] Preferably, the current transformer is connected to the live conductor via a snap-fit ​​connection.

[0010] Preferably, the output voltage limiting module is a bidirectional Zener diode.

[0011] Preferably, the rectifier filter unit includes a rectifier bridge composed of multiple diodes, a seventh capacitor, and an eighth capacitor;

[0012] The rectifier bridge, the seventh capacitor, and the eighth capacitor are connected in parallel.

[0013] Preferably, the power extraction unit includes an overvoltage protection circuit, a capacitor energy storage circuit, a DC-DC control circuit, and a DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit;

[0014] The overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the DC-DC control circuit, the DC-DC control circuit is connected to the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit, and the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is connected to the capacitor energy storage circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the capacitor energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, and a fifth capacitor;

[0016] The second, third, fourth, and fifth capacitors are connected in parallel.

[0017] Preferably, the DC-DC control circuit includes an LED, a third resistor, and a first capacitor;

[0018] The third resistor and the first capacitor are connected in parallel, and the LED is externally connected to a circuit consisting of the third resistor and the first capacitor connected in parallel.

[0019] Preferably, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit includes a first resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a chip, a first inductor, a third capacitor, and a diode;

[0020] Wherein, one end of the first resistor is connected to the DC-DC control circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the fifth port of the chip; the DC-DC control circuit is connected to the first port of the chip; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the sixth port of the chip; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; the second and third ports of the chip are both grounded; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the sixth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the first inductor is connected to the ninth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the seventh port of the chip; the tenth and eighth ports of the chip are both connected to the capacitor energy storage circuit.

[0021] One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the sixth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the diode. The negative terminal of the diode is connected to the energy storage unit.

[0022] Preferably, the energy storage output unit includes an energy storage output control circuit, an energy storage battery, and an external power supply circuit;

[0023] The energy storage output control circuit is connected to the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery is connected to the external power supply circuit.

[0024] Preferably, the mutual inductance power extraction device further includes a supplementary charging circuit;

[0025] The supplementary charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit;

[0026] The supplementary charging circuit consists of a charging circuit and a charging port.

[0027] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides a mutual inductance power extraction device, including a live conductor, a current transformer, a rectifier and filter unit, a power extraction unit, an energy storage unit, and an energy storage output unit; wherein, the current transformer is connected to the live conductor, the live conductor is connected to the rectifier and filter unit through the current transformer, the rectifier and filter unit is connected to the power extraction unit, the power extraction unit is connected to the energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit is connected to the energy storage output unit; an output voltage limiting module is provided inside the current transformer. This application involves installing a current transformer with an internal voltage limiting module onto a conductor. The current transformer generates alternating current through electromagnetic induction, which is output through the conductor to a rectifier and filter circuit. After rectification, it becomes direct current, which is then drawn by a power-taking circuit and output to an energy storage unit. The energy storage output unit then outputs the current to the outside, thus realizing power extraction through inductance. The voltage limiting module inside the current transformer can prevent the risk of electric shock from high voltage under no-load conditions, limiting the voltage to below 10V and keeping the leakage current to a very small range, thereby improving power extraction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mutual inductance power extraction device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a rectifier filter unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an overvoltage protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a capacitor energy storage circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a DC-DC control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a DC-DC buck-boost circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 A circuit structure diagram of an energy storage unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an energy storage output unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 9A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a supplementary charging circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of a mutual inductance power extraction device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of another mutual inductance power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] With the rapid development of smart grids and the Internet of Things for power, the demand for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of high-voltage transmission lines has surged. However, traditional power supply methods, such as solar cells and voltage transformers, have significant limitations, including strong environmental dependence (solar power is prone to failure in rainy or tunnel environments and requires regular maintenance), safety hazards and size limitations (voltage transformers require direct connection to high-voltage lines, posing a risk of insulation breakdown and are bulky), and insufficient current adaptability (existing power supply solutions struggle to maintain stable output when transmission line current fluctuates (e.g., insufficient power at low currents and heat dissipation at high currents). Therefore, current transformers have emerged, which obtain energy from transmission lines through electromagnetic induction without physical contact with the high-voltage side, offering high safety.

[0041] However, in scenarios with relatively low current, the output voltage of this method will drop to a relatively low value, making it unable to effectively draw power and affecting the stability of the transmission line.

[0042] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, embodiments of this application provide a mutual inductance power extraction device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a live conductor, a current transformer, a rectifier and filter unit, a power extraction unit, an energy storage unit, and an energy storage output unit;

[0043] The current transformer is connected to the live conductor, the live conductor is connected to the rectifier and filter unit through the current transformer, the rectifier and filter unit is connected to the power extraction unit, the power extraction unit is connected to the energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit is connected to the energy storage output unit.

[0044] The current transformer is equipped with an output voltage limiting module.

[0045] Specifically, by setting a voltage limiting module in the current transformer, this application can prevent the risk of high-voltage electric shock under no-load conditions, limit the voltage to below 10V, limit the leakage current to a very small range, and improve the power extraction efficiency.

[0046] The overall implementation logic of the mutual inductance power extraction device provided in this application is as follows: the mutual inductor with an internal voltage limiting module is installed on the conductor. The mutual inductor generates alternating current through electromagnetic induction, which is output to the rectifier and filter circuit through the conductor. After rectification, it becomes direct current, which is extracted by the power extraction circuit and output to the energy storage unit. Then, the energy storage output unit outputs the power to the outside, so as to realize mutual inductance power extraction.

[0047] This device is compact and can be used in meter boxes. It solves the problem that existing current transformer power extraction devices are bulky, and general-purpose CT coils are often large. The power extraction circuit and energy storage parts are not miniaturized, which takes up a lot of space and is not suitable for compact meter boxes. At the same time, the whole design is simple and stable, the overall cost is low, and it can extract power from live wires even with very small current, resulting in high power extraction efficiency. In addition, the current transformer has voltage limiting protection, so there is no need to worry about the risk of electric shock due to excessive voltage in an open circuit.

[0048] Optionally, the current transformer and the conductor can be detachably connected, such as by a snap-fit ​​connection. This allows the current transformer to be installed directly on a live conductor without having to remove the conductor and pass it through the current transformer.

[0049] Optionally, the voltage limiting module can use a bidirectional Zener diode with extremely low leakage current, which can limit the maximum output voltage to 10V to prevent electric shock caused by excessive voltage when the back end is open.

[0050] Optionally, the rectifier filter unit includes a rectifier bridge composed of multiple diodes, a seventh capacitor, and an eighth capacitor; the rectifier bridge, the seventh capacitor C7, and the eighth capacitor C8 are connected in parallel.

[0051] The system employs a small rectifier bridge composed of four diodes, paired with 100nF ±10% 100V and 1uF ±10% 50V capacitors for filtering. The rectifier bridge uses an MBS package, and the capacitors can be 0603 (a standard package size for surface-mount (SMD) multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), representing 0.06 inches × 0.03 inches) to save space. A partial circuit diagram of this rectifier and filter unit is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0052] Optionally, the power supply unit includes an overvoltage protection circuit, a capacitor energy storage circuit, a DC-DC control circuit, and a DC-DC buck-boost circuit;

[0053] The overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the DC-DC control circuit, the DC-DC control circuit is connected to the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit, and the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is connected to the capacitor energy storage circuit.

[0054] Specifically, the overvoltage protection circuit uses a 0Ω resistor R2 (approximately 20mΩ) as a current-limiting fuse. The circuit diagram of the overvoltage protection circuit is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0055] Specifically, the capacitor energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, and a fifth capacitor C5; the second, third, fourth, and fifth capacitors are connected in parallel, as shown in the circuit diagram below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0056] The second, third, and fourth capacitors can be 22uF surface-mount electrolytic capacitors, and the fifth capacitor can be a 470uF electrolytic capacitor, which together temporarily store the small amount of electrical energy obtained.

[0057] Specifically, the DC-DC control circuit includes an LED, a third resistor, and a first capacitor; the third resistor and the first capacitor are connected in parallel, and the LED is externally connected to the circuit formed by the parallel connection of the third resistor and the first capacitor, as shown in the circuit diagram. Figure 5 As shown.

[0058] The DC-DC control circuit can be composed of a green LED light, a 1MΩ third resistor, and a 100nF first capacitor. The voltage drop of the green LED light can be used to achieve precise switching on and off of the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit. When the voltage rises to 3.5V, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is started, and when the voltage drops to 2.9V, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is turned off to further reduce power consumption.

[0059] In the above solution, this application uses an LED lamp with an external capacitor and resistor to realize a low-cost control circuit for different voltages, which has the advantages of low cost, simple circuit and convenient implementation.

[0060] Specifically, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit includes a first resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a chip, a first inductor, a third capacitor, and a diode, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0061] Wherein, one end of the first resistor is connected to the DC-DC control circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the fifth port of the chip; the DC-DC control circuit is connected to the first port of the chip; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the sixth port of the chip; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; the second and third ports of the chip are both grounded; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the sixth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the first inductor is connected to the ninth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the seventh port of the chip; the tenth and eighth ports of the chip are both connected to the capacitor energy storage circuit.

[0062] One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the sixth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the diode. The negative terminal of the diode is connected to the energy storage unit.

[0063] The DC-DC buck-boost circuit uses an ultra-low power DC-DC buck-boost chip (maximum static current of 11uA under no-load conditions and maximum current of 1uA when off) to achieve intermittent output of 4.4V. When the capacitor stores energy to 3.5V or higher, the DC-DC buck-boost circuit starts up, boosts the voltage to 4.4V, and then outputs it to the energy storage circuit through a 2Ω current-limiting resistor and a diode. In other words, the DC-DC buck-boost circuit is connected to both the energy storage circuit and the capacitor energy storage circuit.

[0064] In the above solution, this application employs intermittent power extraction logic. When electrical energy is insufficient, a capacitor is used to store energy and the DC-DC buck-boost circuit is shut down to achieve lower energy loss. When the voltage stored in the capacitor reaches the set value, the DC-DC buck-boost circuit is turned on to charge the battery. This solves the problem in existing technologies where, after a supercapacitor or battery is completely discharged, continuous restarts occur due to insufficient current supply required for circuit initialization under load.

[0065] Optionally, the energy storage unit consists of a 3.7V lithium battery and a lithium battery protection chip, as shown in the circuit diagram. Figure 7 As shown.

[0066] Optionally, the energy storage output unit includes an energy storage output control circuit, an energy storage battery, and an external power supply circuit; wherein, the energy storage output control circuit is connected to the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery is connected to the external power supply circuit, as shown in the circuit diagram. Figure 8 As shown.

[0067] The system can use a green LED light, a 1MΩ resistor R14, and a 10nF capacitor C12 to form an energy storage output control and work with a high-efficiency DC-DC circuit to output energy to the outside. It will only output energy to the outside when the battery voltage rises to 3.3V; when the voltage drops to 2.6V, it will shut down the output to the outside.

[0068] Furthermore, the mutual inductance power extraction device provided in this application embodiment may also include a supplementary charging circuit; the supplementary charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit; the supplementary charging circuit consists of a charging circuit and a charging port, as shown in the circuit diagram below. Figure 9 As shown.

[0069] The charging port can be a TYPE_C charging port, and this embodiment does not limit this. The supplementary charging circuit formed by this can charge the lithium battery for maintenance.

[0070] In the above scheme, the overall circuit diagram of the mutual inductance power extraction device provided in this application is as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0071] Furthermore, in another embodiment provided in this application, the DC-DC control circuit can be replaced with an LDO circuit, and the DC-DC buck-boost circuit can be replaced with an LDO buck circuit, as shown in the specific circuit diagram. Figure 11 As shown.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0073] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0074] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A mutual inductance power extraction device, characterized in that, include: Live conductors, current transformers, rectifier and filter units, power extraction units, energy storage units, and energy storage output units; The current transformer is connected to the live conductor, the live conductor is connected to the rectifier and filter unit through the current transformer, the rectifier and filter unit is connected to the power extraction unit, the power extraction unit is connected to the energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit is connected to the energy storage output unit. The current transformer is equipped with an output voltage limiting module. The power supply unit includes an overvoltage protection circuit, a capacitor energy storage circuit, a DC-DC control circuit, and a DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit. The overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the DC-DC control circuit, which in turn is connected to the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit, which is connected to the capacitor energy storage circuit. The DC-DC control circuit controls the start and stop of the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit: when the voltage rises to 3.5V, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is started; when the voltage drops to 2.9V, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit is stopped.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current transformer is connected to the live conductor via a snap-fit ​​connection.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output voltage limiting module is a bidirectional Zener diode.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier and filter unit includes a rectifier bridge composed of multiple diodes, a seventh capacitor, and an eighth capacitor. The rectifier bridge, the seventh capacitor, and the eighth capacitor are connected in parallel.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The capacitor energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, and a fifth capacitor; The second, third, fourth, and fifth capacitors are connected in parallel.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The DC-DC control circuit includes an LED, a third resistor, and a first capacitor; The third resistor and the first capacitor are connected in parallel, and the LED is externally connected to a circuit consisting of the third resistor and the first capacitor connected in parallel.

7. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit includes a first resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a chip, a first inductor, a third capacitor, and a diode; Wherein, one end of the first resistor is connected to the DC-DC control circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the fifth port of the chip; the DC-DC control circuit is connected to the first port of the chip; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the sixth port of the chip; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fourth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; the second and third ports of the chip are both grounded; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the sixth port of the chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the first inductor is connected to the ninth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the seventh port of the chip; the tenth and eighth ports of the chip are both connected to the capacitor energy storage circuit. One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the sixth port of the chip, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the diode. The negative terminal of the diode is connected to the energy storage unit.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage output unit includes an energy storage output control circuit, an energy storage battery, and an external power supply circuit; The energy storage output control circuit is connected to the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery is connected to the external power supply circuit.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The mutual inductance power extraction device also includes a supplementary charging circuit; The supplementary charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit; The supplementary charging circuit consists of a charging circuit and a charging port.

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