Coil winding and motor having the same

Abstract

A coil winding is used to solve the problem of magnetic flux dispersion and leakage around the existing motor coil. It comprises a coil, which is wound on a reference plane, and a magnetic guide element located in the coil, wherein the magnetic guide element is a soft magnetic composite material, and the extension direction of the magnetic guide element is parallel to the magnetic field direction. The utility model also discloses a motor with the coil winding, which comprises a stator, a plurality of coil windings surrounding the axis of the stator at intervals, and the magnetic field direction of each coil winding is parallel to the axis; and a rotor with a ring magnet and a rotating shaft passing through the center of the ring magnet, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the stator along the axis. Therefore, the motor torque and the rotation efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a motor, and more particularly to a coil winding for concentrating stator magnetic flux and reducing magnetic field leakage, and a motor having the coil winding. Background Technology

[0002] Existing motors can be broadly classified into radial flux motors, where the flux direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis, and axial flux motors, where the flux direction is parallel to the rotation axis. The stator coils of radial flux motors are typically wound around multiple radially radiating poles, which restricts the stator structure and the air gap between the stator and rotor. In contrast, the stator coils of axial flux motors can be directly integrated onto a printed circuit board. Compared to an equivalent radial flux motor, the air gap size can be adjusted to create a flatter and wider structure, making it suitable for manufacturing small, lightweight micro-motors.

[0003] The torque and rotational efficiency of the existing motors are affected by the interaction between the magnetic flux generated by the stator coils and the rotor magnetic poles. Since general axial flux motors lack the guiding and shielding effect of magnetic materials, the magnetic flux generated by the stator coils is dispersed or even leaks magnetic flux, which in turn reduces the efficiency and stability of the motor.

[0004] Therefore, there is indeed a need to improve the existing motors. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a motor that can improve motor efficiency.

[0006] A further objective of this invention is to provide a coil winding that can increase rotor torque.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to provide a coil winding that can reduce magnetic field leakage.

[0008] The directional or similar terms used throughout this utility model, such as "axial direction", "upper (top)", "lower (bottom)", "inner", "outer", etc., are mainly based on the directions in the accompanying drawings. The directional or similar terms are only used to assist in the explanation and understanding of the various embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0009] The term "a" is used to describe the elements and components described throughout this utility model, but only for convenience and to provide the general meaning of the scope of this utility model; it should be interpreted in this utility model as including one or at least one, and the concept of a single one also includes multiple cases, unless it clearly means otherwise.

[0010] The coil winding of this utility model includes: a coil wound on a reference plane, wherein the magnetic field generated by the coil is perpendicular to the reference plane; and a magnetic permeable element located inside the coil, wherein the magnetic permeable element is a soft magnetic composite material and the extension direction of the magnetic permeable element is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field.

[0011] The motor of this invention includes: a plurality of coil windings as described above; a stator, wherein the plurality of coil windings are spaced around an axis of the stator, and the magnetic field direction of each coil winding is parallel to the axis; and a rotor having an annular magnet and a rotating shaft passing through the center of the annular magnet, the rotating shaft being rotatably coupled to the stator along the axis, the plurality of coil windings being partially positioned opposite the annular magnet with respect to the magnetic field direction, and an air gap being formed between each coil winding and the annular magnet.

[0012] Therefore, the coil winding of this utility model and the motor having the coil winding can concentrate the magnetic field to enhance the torque of the interaction between the stator and the rotor and the output efficiency of the motor by setting each magnetic permeable element in each coil winding. In addition, the base plate of each soft magnetic composite material, which is the same as each magnetic permeable element, can reduce magnetic field leakage, thereby reducing the energy loss of the motor and achieving the effect of improving the motor efficiency and energy conversion efficiency.

[0013] The magnetic permeable element is located at the center of the coil winding. In this way, the magnetic permeable element can concentrate and conduct the magnetic field, thereby enhancing the torque of the magnetic field interaction.

[0014] The magnetic permeable element has a base plate attached to its bottom end. The coil is located on the base plate and wound around the magnetic permeable element. The top end of the magnetic permeable element is higher than or equal to the height of the coil. This allows for the positioning of the coil and the guidance of the magnetic field generated by each coil winding, thereby increasing electromagnetic interaction.

[0015] The base plate is made of a soft magnetic composite material. This reduces the downward leakage of the magnetic field generated by each coil winding, thus reducing energy loss.

[0016] The magnetic permeable element and the base plate are integrally molded. In this way, the magnetic permeable element and the base plate can be integrated into a single complete unit made of the same material, which has the advantages of robust structure and reduced production costs.

[0017] The magnetic permeable element and the base plate are injection molded together with the coil. This allows for the one-time molding of the magnetic permeable element, the base plate, and the coil, thus improving production efficiency.

[0018] Wherein, a cross-section of the magnetically permeable element and the base plate along the magnetic field direction is an inverted T-shape, and the coil is located on the upper surface of the base plate and surrounds along the extension direction of the magnetically permeable element. In this way, the coil winding can be positioned and the magnetic field direction can be guided, which has the effect of stabilizing the operation of the motor.

[0019] Wherein, a cross-section of the magnetically permeable element and the base plate along the magnetic field direction is a mountain shape, a retaining wall protruding from the upper surface is formed on the outer edge of the base plate, and the coil winding is located in the groove between the magnetically permeable element, the base plate and the retaining wall thereof. In this way, in addition to guiding the magnetic field, the coil winding can also be protected and magnetic leakage can be reduced, which has the effect of stabilizing the operation of the motor.

[0020] Wherein, a cross-section of the magnetically permeable element and the base plate along the magnetic field direction is a U-shape, the magnetically permeable element comprises two pole posts, the bottom ends of the two pole posts are connected by the base plate, and the two coils are respectively wound around the two pole posts. In this way, the distribution range of the magnetic field generated by the coil winding can be increased, which has the effect of increasing the interaction area of the magnetic field.

[0021] Wherein, the stator is provided with a circuit board, and the circuit board is electrically connected to the coils of the plurality of coil windings respectively. In this way, the circuit board can supply current to each coil and control the phase switching of each coil winding, which has the effects of starting motor operation and phase control.

[0022] Wherein, the number of the plurality of coil windings is three. In this way, the stator can form a three-phase electromagnetic field, which has the effect of driving the motor to rotate with three phases.

[0023] Wherein, the number of magnetic poles of the annular magnet is a multiple of four and at least eight. In this way, a three-slot eight-pole motor can be formed, which has the effects of increasing torque and avoiding starting dead angles.

[0024] The motor of the present invention further comprises a control unit, which detects the back electromotive force of each coil and is used for calculating the rotor angle and driving the motor to operate. In this way, the motor does not need a Hall sensor to detect the rotor position, which has the effects of simplifying installation and increasing the internal space of the motor. Description of Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 : is an exploded perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 : is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1 ; Figure 3 : is a partial enlarged view of another embodiment of the coil winding of the present invention as shown in Figure 2 ; Figure 4 : is as shown in Figure 2The image shown is a partially enlarged view of another embodiment of the coil winding of this utility model.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1: Coil winding 11: Coil 12: Magnetic permeability element 12a: Pole post 13: Base Plate 13a: Retaining wall 2: Stator 21: Circuit Board 3: Rotor 31: Ring magnet 32: Rotation axis M: Motor S: Reference plane H: Direction of magnetic field W: Center of winding C: Axis. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments of this utility model are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings; in addition, those marked with the same symbols in different drawings are considered to be the same and their descriptions will be omitted.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it is a preferred embodiment of the coil winding of the present invention and a motor having the coil winding. A motor M includes a plurality of coil windings 1, a stator 2 and a rotor 3. The plurality of coil windings 1 are connected to the stator 2, and the rotor 3 is rotatably connected to the stator 2.

[0029] Each coil winding 1 has a coil 11 and a magnetic permeable element 12. The coil 11 is wound on a reference plane S, which is a virtual plane and can be any plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the motor M. The energized coil 11 generates a magnetic field through the magnetic effect of the current, and the direction of the magnetic field H is perpendicular to the reference plane S. The magnetic permeable element 12 is located inside the coil. The magnetic permeable element 12 can be a soft magnetic composite (SMC) with high permeability, which can effectively concentrate and conduct the magnetic field generated by each coil 11. Therefore, the extension direction of the magnetic permeable element 12 is preferably parallel to the direction of the magnetic field and passes through the magnetic field concentration point of the winding center W of the coil 11. In addition, the magnetic permeable element 12 can also suppress the electromagnetic eddy current effect and thus reduce energy loss.

[0030] The bottom end of the magnetic permeable element 12 can also be combined with a base plate 13. The upper surface of the base plate 13 can be the reference plane S, so that the coil 11 is wound around the magnetic permeable element 12 on the base plate 13. The top end of the magnetic permeable element 12 is preferably higher than or equal to the height of the coil 11. The base plate 13 can be made of the same soft magnetic composite material as the magnetic permeable element 12. The base plate 13 can reduce the downward leakage of the magnetic field generated by the coil 11. In detail, the soft magnetic metal powder can be made into a structure in which the magnetic permeable element 12 and the base plate 13 are integrally formed by powder metallurgy methods such as insulation treatment, bonding, pressing, and heat treatment; or, the magnetic permeable element 12 and the base plate 13 can be combined with the coil 11 using overmolding technology. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the magnetic permeable element 12 and the base plate 13 along the magnetic field direction H is an inverted T-shape, so that the coil 11 is located on the upper surface of the base plate 13 and surrounds the magnetic permeable element 12 along its extension direction.

[0031] Please refer to again Figure 3 As shown, the cross-section of the magnetic permeable element 12 and the base plate 13 along the magnetic field direction H can also be a mountain shape. The outer edge of the base plate 13 forms a barrier 13a protruding from the upper surface. The top of the barrier 13a can be lower than the top of the magnetic permeable element 12. The coil 11 is located in the groove between the magnetic permeable element 12, the base plate 13, and the barrier 13a. Please refer to... Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section of the magnetic permeable element 12 and the base plate 13 along the magnetic field direction H can also be U-shaped. The magnetic permeable element 12 includes two pole posts 12a, and the bottom ends of the two pole posts 12a are connected through the base plate 13. The two coils 11 are respectively wound around the two pole posts 12a. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned cross-sectional shape and connection method.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the stator 2 is composed of multiple coil windings 1, which are preferably arranged at equal intervals around an axis C of the stator 2. The magnetic field direction H generated by each coil winding 1 is parallel to the axis C. The stator 2 may also have a circuit board 21, which is electrically connected to the coils 11 of the multiple coil windings 1 to provide current through each coil 11 and control the phase switching of each coil winding 1. The number of multiple coil windings 1 can be three, and the phases of the three coil windings 1 are 120 degrees apart to form a three-phase electromagnetic field. In this embodiment, each coil winding 1 is connected to the circuit board 21 through a base plate 13; however, this invention is not limited thereto.

[0033] The rotor 3 has an annular magnet 31 and a rotating shaft 32 passing through the center of the annular magnet 31. The annular magnet 31 can be a one-piece annular sheet, which generates multiple magnetic poles with different magnetization directions by magnetization, so that the magnetic poles of the annular magnet 31 are arranged in a ring-shaped arrangement with opposite poles, that is, the south pole and the north pole are alternately arranged around the rotating shaft 32. The number of magnetic poles is preferably a multiple of four and at least eight. In this embodiment, the number of magnetic poles of the annular magnet 31 is eight, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the rotor 3 is rotatably connected to the stator 2 through the rotating shaft 32, so that the center of the annular magnet 31 and the rotating shaft 32 are located at the axis C of the stator 2. The multiple coil windings 1 are partially aligned with the magnetic poles of the annular magnet 31 with the magnetic field direction H, and an air gap is maintained between each coil winding 1 and the annular magnet 31, so that the motor M forms an axial air gap induction motor.

[0034] The motor M of this invention may also include a control unit (not shown), which can be electrically connected to the circuit board 21 to detect the back electromotive force change of each coil 11, calculate the angle of the rotor 3, and switch the current through each coil 11 accordingly to drive the motor M to operate continuously and stably. In this way, the motor M does not need to install a Hall sensor to detect the position of the rotor 3, and the motor M can become a sensorless three-phase drive motor.

[0035] In summary, the motor of this invention, by setting each magnetic permeable element in each coil winding, can concentrate the magnetic field to enhance the torque of the interaction between the stator and rotor and the output efficiency of the motor. In addition, the base plates of each magnetic permeable element, which are made of the same soft magnetic composite material, can reduce magnetic field leakage, thereby reducing the energy loss of the motor and achieving the effect of improving the motor efficiency and energy conversion efficiency.

[0036] Although the present invention has been disclosed using the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications and alterations made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall still fall within the technical scope protected by the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A coil winding, characterized in that, include: A coil is wound on a reference plane, and the magnetic field generated by the coil is perpendicular to the reference plane. and A magnetic permeable element is located inside the coil. The magnetic permeable element is a soft magnetic composite material, and the direction of extension of the magnetic permeable element is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field.

2. The coil winding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic permeable element is located at the center of the coil winding.

3. The coil winding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the magnetic permeable element is attached to a base plate, the coil is located on the base plate and wound around the magnetic permeable element, and the top of the magnetic permeable element is higher than or equal to the height of the coil.

4. The coil winding as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The base plate is made of soft magnetic composite material.

5. The coil winding as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic permeable element and the base plate are integrally formed.

6. The coil winding as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic permeable element and the base plate are attached to the coil by overmolding.

7. The coil winding as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the magnetic permeable element and the base plate along the direction of the magnetic field is an inverted T-shape. The coil is located on the upper surface of the base plate and surrounds the magnetic permeable element along its extension direction.

8. The coil winding as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the magnetic permeable element and the base plate along the direction of the magnetic field is shaped like a mountain. The outer edge of the base plate forms a retaining wall that protrudes from the upper surface. The coil is located in the groove between the magnetic permeable element, the base plate, and the retaining wall.

9. The coil winding as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the magnetic permeable element and the base plate along the direction of the magnetic field is U-shaped. The magnetic permeable element includes two pole posts, the bottom ends of which are connected through the base plate, and two coils are wound around the two pole posts respectively.

10. A motor, characterized in that, include: Multiple coil windings as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; A stator, wherein a plurality of coil windings are spaced around an axis of the stator, and the magnetic field direction of each coil winding is parallel to the axis; and A rotor has an annular magnet and a rotating shaft passing through the center of the annular magnet, the rotating shaft being rotatably coupled to the stator along the axis, a plurality of coil windings being partially positioned opposite the annular magnet in the direction of the magnetic field, and each coil winding having an air gap with the annular magnet.

11. The motor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The stator has a circuit board that electrically connects the coils of the plurality of coil windings respectively.

12. The motor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The number of coil windings is three.

13. The motor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The number of magnetic poles of the ring magnet is a multiple of four and at least eight.

14. The motor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit that detects the back electromotive force of each coil.

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