Powertrain and electric vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a power assembly and an electric vehicle, the power assembly comprises a driving motor and a motor controller, an electrical tank of a power assembly shell is used for accommodating an inverter module and a radiator of the motor controller, and a liquid inlet or a liquid outlet of the radiator is used for transmitting cooling liquid through a built-in pipeline which is pressure-cast in the shell. A first opening of the built-in pipeline is communicated with a second opening of the built-in pipeline through a part of the built-in pipeline which is located in the shell, the first opening is distributed on a tank bottom of the electrical tank, the first opening is used for communicating with the liquid inlet or the liquid outlet of the radiator, and the second opening is distributed on a tank wall of the electrical tank, and the second opening is used for discharging the cooling liquid in the built-in pipeline or conveying the cooling liquid into the built-in pipeline. In the embodiment of the present application, the built-in pipeline which is pressure-cast in the shell is used for transmitting the cooling liquid between the radiator and the outside, so that the shell is not in contact with the cooling liquid, and the stability of the shell is improved. It is also beneficial to reduce the weight or cost of the shell and improve the performance of the electric vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to a powertrain and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The powertrain is used to drive electric vehicles. The powertrain housing houses the motor controller and motor. The motor controller's radiator is connected to external water pipes via internal tubing. Currently, most powertrain housings are made of aluminum alloy, but aluminum alloy housings are heavy. In recent years, the price of magnesium alloys has decreased, and die-cast magnesium alloys, due to their lightweight and price advantages, have become the trend for powertrain housings. Because magnesium alloys are chemically reactive, the water channels in magnesium alloy castings are prone to corrosion. This corrosion can cause cooling water in the water channels to seep through the housing into the motor controller, affecting the stability of the motor controller. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a powertrain and an electric vehicle, in which an internal pipe is die-cast inside the housing, allowing the material of the internal pipe to be different from that of the housing, thereby preventing the housing material from being corroded by the coolant inside the internal pipe and improving the housing stability of the powertrain.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a powertrain, which includes a drive motor and a motor controller. The powertrain housing includes a motor slot and an electrical slot. The motor slot accommodates the stator and rotor of the drive motor, and the electrical slot accommodates the inverter module and heat sink of the motor controller. The inverter module outputs three-phase AC power to control the drive motor, and the heat sink cools the power module of the inverter module. The heat sink's inlet or outlet is used to transfer coolant through an internal pipe. The internal pipe is die-cast inside the housing and includes a first opening and a second opening. The first opening connects to the second opening through a portion of the internal pipe located inside the housing. The first opening is located at the bottom of the electrical slot and connects to the inlet or outlet of the heat sink. The second opening is located on the wall of the electrical slot and discharges or supplies coolant into the internal pipe.

[0005] Because the coolant connects to the radiator through pipes inside the housing, the coolant is in direct contact with the housing. Impurities in the coolant may corrode the inner walls of the pipes, causing the coolant to seep into the motor slot. This seepage into the electrical slot can damage the inverter module of the motor controller, affecting its stability. In this embodiment, by die-casting the internal pipes inside the housing, the material of the internal pipes used to transport the coolant can be selected according to the coolant, preventing corrosion of the internal pipes and thus avoiding coolant seepage into the electrical slot. This reduces the risk of coolant damage to the inverter module of the motor controller and improves the stability of the motor controller. In this embodiment, because the internal pipes are die-cast inside the housing, and the coolant is transported between the radiator and the outside through these internal pipes, the housing does not come into contact with the coolant. This allows for greater flexibility in material selection for the housing, regardless of the type of coolant, and helps reduce the weight or cost of the housing.

[0006] In one embodiment, the orientation of the first opening is the same as the orientation of the opening of the electrical slot, and the bottom of the electrical slot includes a first annular protrusion surrounding the first opening.

[0007] In this embodiment of the application, the bottom of the electrical tank includes a first annular protrusion. The first annular protrusion surrounds the first opening, which facilitates the connection and communication between the first opening and the liquid inlet or outlet of the radiator. The first annular protrusion surrounding the first opening can be used to abut or connect with a portion of the radiator around the liquid inlet or outlet in the direction in which the opening of the electrical tank faces, thereby improving the connection and sealing between the first opening and the liquid inlet or outlet of the radiator.

[0008] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the first annular protrusion is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the tube wall of the first opening, and the tube wall of the first opening is recessed relative to the first annular protrusion in a direction away from the groove opening of the electrical groove. The liquid inlet or outlet of the radiator is used to be embedded in the first annular protrusion.

[0009] In this embodiment, the wall of the first opening is recessed relative to the first annular protrusion in the direction away from the groove of the electrical groove, so that the first annular protrusion covers the wall of the first opening circumferentially, and the first annular protrusion protrudes from the first opening axially, so that the first annular protrusion and the end face of the wall of the first opening form a groove, thereby allowing the inlet or outlet of the radiator to be embedded in the space surrounded by the first annular protrusion and abut against the end face of the wall of the first opening, improving the sealing performance and connection stability between the first opening and the inlet or outlet of the radiator.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second opening is distributed on the outer side of the wall of the electrical slot, and the orientation of the second opening is perpendicular to the orientation of the slot opening of the electrical slot. The wall of the electrical slot includes a second annular protrusion, which is distributed on the outer side of the wall of the electrical slot and surrounds the second opening.

[0011] In this embodiment, the second opening is located on the outer side of the electrical duct wall, and the orientation of the second opening is perpendicular to the orientation of the electrical duct opening. This allows the second opening to connect to an external pipe along a direction perpendicular to the electrical duct opening, facilitating the installation of the external pipe on the outer side of the electrical duct wall. In this embodiment, a second annular protrusion surrounds the second opening, allowing the second annular protrusion to be used for abutment, docking, or fixed connection with a portion of the external pipe, improving the sealing performance between the second opening and the external pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second annular protrusion is flush with the second opening, and the second annular protrusion is used to be embedded in an external pipe, which is used to discharge coolant from the internal pipe or to supply coolant to the internal pipe.

[0013] In this embodiment, the second annular protrusion is flush with the second opening, and the second annular protrusion and the second opening of the built-in pipe are embedded together into the external pipe, so as to facilitate the fixation of the external pipe to the outside of the second annular protrusion.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second opening is oriented in the same direction as the opening of the electrical slot, the wall of the electrical slot includes a groove, the opening of the groove is oriented in the same direction as the opening of the electrical slot, and the wall of the groove surrounds the second opening.

[0015] In this embodiment, the orientation of the second opening is the same as that of the electrical channel opening, allowing the second opening to connect to an external pipe or other waterway along the direction of the electrical channel opening. The groove wall surrounds the second opening, ensuring that the groove wall around the second opening aligns with the external pipe or other waterway along the direction of the electrical channel opening, enabling precise communication between the second opening and the external pipe or other waterway. In this embodiment, a groove is formed in the electrical channel wall, surrounding the second opening, allowing the second opening of the built-in pipe to be embedded within the housing, thus enhancing the structural strength of the second opening of the built-in pipe and the electrical channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, the powertrain housing further includes an electrical cover for enclosing the opening of an electrical slot, the electrical cover including a heat sink, and a second opening for communicating with the heat sink's inlet or outlet.

[0017] In this embodiment, after the electrical cover plate is used to enclose the opening of the electrical slot, the liquid inlet or liquid outlet of the heat dissipation plate of the electrical cover plate is connected to the second opening to connect the built-in pipe, so that the heat dissipation plate is connected to the radiator through the built-in pipe, so that the heat dissipation plate and the radiator are connected to transmit coolant, reducing the number of pipes.

[0018] In this embodiment, a second opening for connecting the built-in pipe to the heat sink is arranged in the wall of the electrical duct, allowing the heat sink and the radiator to connect through the second opening in the electrical duct wall. This ensures that the connecting pipe between the heat sink and the radiator does not occupy space in the electrical duct. Because the second opening of the built-in pipe is arranged in the wall of the electrical duct, and the groove of the electrical duct wall surrounds the second opening, the structural strength of the built-in pipe and the electrical duct wall is increased. Furthermore, the end face of the groove around the second opening can abut against the electrical cover plate, improving the sealing between the second opening and the liquid inlet or outlet of the heat sink on the electrical cover plate. For example, a sealing ring can be added to the end face of the groove around the second opening to seal against a portion of the electrical cover plate around the liquid inlet or outlet of the heat sink.

[0019] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the groove wall is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the second opening tube wall, the tube wall of the second opening faces the recess relative to the groove wall along the groove opening away from the electrical groove, and the liquid inlet or outlet of the heat sink is used to be embedded in the groove.

[0020] In this embodiment, by embedding the liquid inlet or outlet of the heat sink into the groove, the connection and sealing between the second opening and the liquid inlet or outlet of the heat sink is improved, and the installation of the electrical cover plate and the electrical groove is also facilitated.

[0021] In one embodiment, the built-in pipe includes a first positioning structure, which is distributed on at least one of the outer or inner circumferential surfaces of the pipe wall of at least one of the first opening or the second opening.

[0022] During the die-casting process, after the internal pipe is placed in the die-casting mold using a clamping tool, the molten material of the shell pushes the internal pipe as it is poured into the mold, preventing it from being accurately positioned within the shell. In this embodiment, a first positioning structure is arranged on the internal pipe, distributed on at least one of the outer or inner circumferential surfaces of the pipe wall of at least one of the first or second openings. This allows the first positioning structure to be positioned in conjunction with a positioning structure in the die-casting mold, ensuring the internal pipe is accurately placed within the mold and preventing it from being moved by the shell material. This avoids rotation of the internal pipe, improves the positioning accuracy of the internal pipe within the shell, and enhances the sealing performance of the internal pipe's connection to the radiator or external piping.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first positioning structure is a non-circular structure on the outer or inner circumferential surface of the pipe wall of the first or second opening.

[0024] In this embodiment of the application, the first positioning structure is a non-circular structure of the outer or inner circumferential surface of the pipe wall of the first or second opening, so that the built-in pipe will not be pushed by the molten material of the shell in the die-casting mold and rotate along the circumference of the first opening or the circumferential direction of the second opening.

[0025] In one embodiment, the built-in pipe further includes a second positioning structure distributed between the first opening and the second opening, a portion of the second positioning structure protruding from the housing, and a portion of the positioning structure being fixedly connected to the portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing.

[0026] In this embodiment, a portion of the second positioning structure is fixedly connected to the built-in pipe, so that the built-in pipe is positioned in the die-casting mold by the second positioning structure, so that the built-in pipe can be accurately positioned in the shell and avoid the built-in pipe from rotating or moving.

[0027] In one embodiment, to avoid the second positioning structure occupying space within the electrical slot and to avoid affecting the installation of other electrical components in the electrical slot, the portion of the second positioning structure exposed at the bottom of the electrical slot is removed. The surface of the portion of the second positioning structure facing the electrical slot is coplanar with the bottom surface of the electrical slot.

[0028] In one embodiment, the second positioning structure is a cylindrical protrusion that fixes the portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing.

[0029] In this embodiment, the second positioning structure is a cylindrical protrusion of the built-in pipe. The cylindrical protrusion is used to position with the positioning structure in the die-casting mold, so that the built-in pipe can be accurately positioned inside the shell.

[0030] In one embodiment, the portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing includes a clamping structure comprising two planar structures oriented in opposite directions and perpendicular to the orientation of at least one of the first or second openings, the two planar structures being fixedly connected to the wall of the built-in pipe.

[0031] In this embodiment, by arranging a clamping structure on the built-in pipe, the clamping tool can clamp the built-in pipe so that the built-in pipe can be stably placed in the die-casting mold.

[0032] In one embodiment, the built-in pipe is one of aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy and stainless steel pipe, and the shell is a magnesium alloy shell.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lighter weight of the magnesium alloy housing contributes to the lightweighting of the powertrain. As shown in the figure, when a magnesium alloy housing is selected as the powertrain housing, the coolant is cooling water, which contains impurities. If a water channel is integrally die-cast inside the magnesium alloy housing and connected to the radiator and the outside through this water channel, the impurities in the cooling water will corrode the inner wall of the magnesium alloy water channel after long-term operation, as the inner wall of the water channel is also made of magnesium alloy. This allows the cooling water to seep into the electrical tank through the magnesium alloy water channel, affecting the stability of the inverter module. In this embodiment, by using one of the following materials as the built-in pipe: aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy pipe, and stainless steel pipe, the aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy pipe, and stainless steel pipe are more resistant to corrosion from impurities in the cooling water than the magnesium alloy shell. By die-casting one of the following materials as the built-in pipe into the magnesium alloy shell, the degree of corrosion of the built-in pipe by impurities in the cooling water is reduced. This reduces the weight of the powertrain shell while maintaining the stability of the inverter module of the motor controller.

[0034] In one embodiment, the material of the internal pipe is different from that of the shell, and the internal pipe has greater resistance to coolant corrosion than the shell.

[0035] In this embodiment, the coolant composition is not limited to cooling water, and the powertrain housing material is not limited to a magnesium alloy housing; the material composition of the magnesium alloy housing is not limited in this application. The powertrain housing material can also be other materials that can reduce housing weight. The powertrain housing material can also be other materials that can improve housing performance. When the coolant can react with the material that improves housing performance and corrode the housing, by die-casting an internal pipe of a different material into the housing during the die-casting process, the corrosion of the internal pipe by the coolant can be avoided because the internal pipe has greater corrosion resistance to the coolant than the housing itself.

[0036] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electric vehicle, which includes a powertrain as described in any of the preceding claims, the powertrain being used to drive the wheels.

[0037] In this embodiment, die-cast internal pipes are incorporated into the electrical slot of the powertrain housing. These internal pipes connect the radiator within the electrical slot to the outside, preventing the coolant in the internal pipes from corroding the housing. This improves the stability of the housing and the motor controller, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the powertrain. Furthermore, the choice of powertrain housing material is not limited by the coolant, which helps reduce the weight of the powertrain housing, increases powertrain power density, and improves the performance of the electric vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain housing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical trough provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical tank, inverter module, and heat sink provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical conduit without built-in conduits provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the electrical trough provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical channel, heat sink, and electrical cover provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a built-in pipe provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 13 These are four schematic diagrams of the built-in pipes provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 16 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 17 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0057] To improve the stability of the powertrain housing and prevent motor controller failure, this application provides a powertrain including a drive motor and a motor controller. The powertrain housing includes a motor slot and an electrical slot. The motor slot accommodates the stator and rotor of the drive motor, while the electrical slot accommodates the inverter module and heat sink of the motor controller. The inverter module outputs three-phase AC power to control the drive motor, and the heat sink cools the power module of the inverter module. The heat sink's inlet or outlet is used to transfer coolant through an internal pipe. The internal pipe is die-cast inside the housing and includes a first opening and a second opening. The first opening connects to the second opening through a portion of the internal pipe located inside the housing. The first opening is located at the bottom of the electrical slot and connects to the heat sink's inlet or outlet. The second opening is located on the wall of the electrical slot and drains or introduces coolant into the internal pipe.

[0058] In this embodiment, by die-casting the internal pipes within the housing, the coolant is transported between the radiator and the external environment through these internal pipes. This prevents the housing from contacting the coolant, improving the housing's stability and preventing motor controller failure. Die-casting the internal pipes within the housing also allows for greater flexibility in material selection, regardless of the type of coolant, thus reducing the housing's weight and cost.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle 1 includes a powertrain 10, a frame 20, a power battery 30, and wheels 40. The powertrain 10 and the power battery 30 are fixed to the frame 20. The powertrain 10 receives power from the power battery 30 and drives the wheels 40. In this embodiment, the power battery 30 may also be referred to as a battery pack. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 refers to a wheeled device driven or towed by a power unit.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2As shown, the powertrain 10 includes a drive motor 11, a reducer 12, and a motor controller 13.

[0061] In this embodiment, the drive motor 11 includes a stator, a rotor, and a motor shaft.

[0062] In this embodiment, the motor controller 13 receives DC power from the power battery 30 and outputs AC power to the stator of the drive motor 11. The stator of the drive motor 11 receives the AC power to drive the rotor and motor shaft to rotate. The drive motor 11 is used to drive a reducer 12. The reducer 12 is used to drive the wheels 40 of the electric vehicle 1. The motor controller includes an inverter module and a heat sink, which is used to cool the inverter module. The motor controller also includes at least one functional component such as a circuit board, bus capacitors, and filters.

[0063] In one embodiment, the reducer 12 includes an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft, and multiple bearings. The input shaft, intermediate shaft, and output shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reducer housing via the bearings. The motor shaft of the drive motor 11 is used to drive the input shaft of the reducer 12 to transmit power to the reducer 12. The input shaft of the reducer 12 is connected to the output shaft of the reducer 12 via the intermediate shaft and a gear fixed to the intermediate shaft. The output shaft of the reducer 12 is used to transmit the power from the drive motor 11 to the wheel 40.

[0064] In one embodiment, the reducer 12 is a planetary reducer. The planetary reducer includes a sun gear, planet gears, a planet carrier, and a ring gear, wherein the motor shaft of the drive motor 11 is used to transmit power to the sun gear connected to the planetary reducer, and the planet carrier of the planetary reducer is used to transmit power to the wheel 40.

[0065] Currently, most powertrain housings are manufactured using one-piece die casting, with water channels formed integrally within the housing. These channels connect to the radiator of the motor controller, supplying cooling water to the radiator. Impurities in the cooling water can corrode the walls of the water channels, allowing cooling water to seep into the motor controller and affect its stability. This application addresses this issue by die-casting the internal pipes within the housing material. This allows the internal pipes to be made of a different material than the housing, improving housing stability, preventing motor controller failure, and providing greater flexibility in material selection for the housing, thus reducing its weight and cost.

[0066] The powertrain of this application is described in detail below.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the housing 100 of the powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical duct 102 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of an electrical tray 102, an inverter module 131, and a heat sink 132 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical channel 102 without built-in conduits provided in this application.

[0068] Please combine Figures 2 to 5 In one embodiment, the powertrain 10 includes a drive motor 11 and a motor controller 13. The housing 100 of the powertrain 10 includes a motor slot 101 and an electrical slot 102. The motor slot 101 is used to accommodate the stator and rotor of the drive motor 11. The electrical slot 102 is used to accommodate the inverter module 131 and the heat sink 132 of the motor controller 13. The inverter module 131 is used to output three-phase AC power to control the drive motor 11. The heat sink 132 is used to cool the power module of the inverter module 131. The inlet 1321 or outlet (not shown) of the heat sink 132 is used to transfer coolant through a built-in pipe 200. The built-in pipe 200 is die-cast inside the housing 100. The built-in pipe 200 includes a first opening 201 and a second opening 202. The first opening 201 is connected to the second opening 202 through the portion of the built-in pipe 200 located inside the housing 100. The first opening 201 is distributed at the bottom 1021 of the electrical tank 102 and is used to connect to the inlet 1321 or outlet of the radiator 132. The second opening 202 is distributed on the wall 1022 of the electrical tank 102 and is used to discharge coolant from the built-in pipe 200 or to supply coolant to the built-in pipe 200.

[0069] In this embodiment, the motor slot 101 accommodates the stator and rotor of the drive motor 11, with the stator of the drive motor 11 fixed to the circumferential wall of the motor slot 101. The electrical slot 102 accommodates the inverter module 131 and the heat sink 132 of the motor controller 13. In one embodiment, a portion of the circumferential wall of the motor slot 101 forms a portion of the wall of the electrical slot 102, improving the integration of the housing 100. In one embodiment, the housing 100 further includes a reducer slot 103, which accommodates the gear assembly of the reducer 12. In one embodiment, a portion of the wall of the reducer slot 103 forms a portion of the wall of the electrical slot 102, improving the integration of the housing 100. Figure 3 As shown, the electrical slot 102 and the motor slot 101 are distributed along the radial direction R of the drive motor 11, and the electrical slot 102 and the reducer slot 103 are distributed along the axial direction O of the drive motor 11. In other embodiments, the positional relationship of the electrical slot 102, the motor slot 101, and the reducer slot 103 is not limited to... Figure 3 As shown, other arrangements are also possible and are not limited in this application.

[0070] In one embodiment, the inverter module 131 of the motor controller 13 is used to electrically connect to the power battery 30 to receive DC power, and the inverter module 131 is used to convert DC power into AC power and transmit it to the stator winding of the drive motor 11. The inverter module 131 includes a power module.

[0071] In one embodiment, the motor controller 13 is also used to charge the power battery 30, and the inverter module 131 of the motor controller 13 is also used to electrically connect to an external AC power supply or DC power supply. The inverter module 131 is used to convert the AC power supply into DC power to charge the power battery 30, or the inverter module 131 is used to convert the DC power supply into the DC power required by the power battery 30 to charge the power battery 30.

[0072] In this embodiment, the heat sink 132 is used to cool the power module of the inverter module 131. Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the heat sink 132 is stacked between the inverter module 131 and the bottom 1021 of the electrical slot 102.

[0073] In this embodiment, the inlet 1321 or outlet of the radiator 132 is used to transfer coolant through an internal pipe 200. The first opening 201 of the internal pipe 200 is located at the bottom 1021 of the electrical tank 102, so that the internal pipe 200 transfers coolant to the radiator 132 through the first opening 201. The second opening 202 of the internal pipe 200 is located on the wall 1022 of the electrical tank 102, so that the internal pipe 200 transfers coolant to components outside the electrical tank 102 through the second opening 202.

[0074] Because the coolant connects to the radiator 132 through pipes within the housing 100, the coolant is in direct contact with the housing 100. Impurities in the coolant may corrode the inner wall of the pipes within the housing 100, causing the coolant to seep into the motor slot 101. This seepage into the electrical slot 102 could damage the inverter module 131 of the motor controller 13, affecting its stability. In this embodiment, by die-casting the built-in pipes 200 inside the housing 100, the material of the built-in pipes 200 used for transmitting coolant can be selected according to the coolant, preventing corrosion of the built-in pipes 200. This avoids coolant seeping into the electrical slot 102 through corroded pipes, reducing the risk of coolant damage to the inverter module 131 of the motor controller 13 and improving the stability of the motor controller 13. In this embodiment, since the built-in pipe 200 is die-cast inside the housing 100, and the coolant between the radiator 132 and the outside is transmitted through the built-in pipe 200, the housing 100 does not come into contact with the coolant. This makes the material selection of the housing 100 not limited by the type of coolant, and makes the material selection of the housing 100 more varied and flexible, which is beneficial to reducing the weight or cost of the housing 100.

[0075] In one embodiment, the built-in pipe 200 is one of an aluminum pipe, an aluminum alloy pipe, a copper pipe, a copper alloy pipe, and a stainless steel pipe, and the housing 100 is a magnesium alloy housing 100.

[0076] In this embodiment, the lighter weight of the magnesium alloy housing 100 contributes to the weight reduction of the powertrain 10. For example... Figure 6 As shown, when a magnesium alloy housing 100 is selected as the housing 100 of the powertrain 10, the coolant is cooling water. The cooling water contains impurities. If a water channel 104 is integrally die-cast inside the magnesium alloy housing 100 and the radiator 132 is connected to the outside through the water channel 104, since the inner wall of the water channel 104 is also made of magnesium alloy, the impurities in the cooling water will corrode the inner wall of the magnesium alloy water channel 104 after long-term operation. This will cause the cooling water to seep into the electrical tank 102 through the magnesium alloy water channel 104, thus affecting the stability of the inverter module 131. In this embodiment, the built-in pipe 200 is made of one of aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy and stainless steel pipe. Aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy and stainless steel pipe are more resistant to corrosion from impurities in the cooling water than magnesium alloy shell 100. By die-casting one of aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy and stainless steel pipe into magnesium alloy shell 100 as built-in pipe 200, the degree of corrosion of built-in pipe 200 by impurities in cooling water is reduced. This reduces the weight of powertrain shell 100 while maintaining the stability of inverter module 131 of motor controller 13.

[0077] In one embodiment, the material of the built-in pipe 200 is different from the material of the housing 100, and the built-in pipe 200 has greater resistance to corrosion of the coolant than the housing 100.

[0078] In this embodiment, the coolant composition is not limited to cooling water, and the material of the powertrain 10 housing 100 is not limited to magnesium alloy housing 100; the material composition of the magnesium alloy housing 100 is not limited in this application. The powertrain 10 housing 100 can also be made of other materials that can reduce the weight of the housing 100. The powertrain 10 housing 100 can also be made of other materials that can improve the performance of the housing 100. When the coolant can react with the material that improves the performance of the housing 100 and corrode the housing 100, by die-casting an internal pipe 200 made of a different material into the housing 100 during the die-casting process, the corrosion of the internal pipe 200 by the coolant can be avoided because the internal pipe 200 has greater corrosion resistance to the coolant than the housing 100. In one embodiment, the material of the internal pipe 200 is not limited to aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, and stainless steel; the material of the internal pipe 200 can also be other materials that do not react with the coolant.

[0079] In one embodiment, when preparing the housing 100, the pre-formed built-in pipe 200 is fed into the mold of the die-cast housing 100, and the built-in pipe 200 is placed in the bottom 1021 and the wall 1022 of the electrical groove 102 of the housing 100, so that the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 correspond to the position of the liquid inlet 1321 or the liquid outlet of the radiator 132, respectively. Then, the material of the housing 100 is melted and poured into the mold, so that the built-in pipe 200 is die-cast into the housing 100.

[0080] During the process of pouring the shell 100 material into the mold after the built-in pipe 200 is placed in the mold, the flowing shell 100 material will push the built-in pipe 200, making it impossible for the built-in pipe 200 to be accurately positioned in the designated position. This results in unreliable structural strength between the built-in pipe 200 and the shell 100, or misalignment between the built-in pipe 200 and the liquid inlet 1321 and liquid outlet of the radiator 132, affecting the sealing performance between the radiator 132 and the built-in pipe 200.

[0081] In one embodiment, the orientation of the first opening 201 is the same as the orientation of the slot 1023 of the electrical slot 102 towards Z, and the bottom 1021 of the electrical slot 102 includes a first annular protrusion 1024, which surrounds the first opening 201.

[0082] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the orientation of the first opening 201 is the same as the orientation of the groove 1023 of the electrical channel 102 towards Z. The first opening 201 communicates with the liquid inlet 1321 or liquid outlet of the radiator 132 along the groove 1023 of the electrical channel 102 towards Z. In this embodiment, the bottom 1021 of the electrical channel 102 includes a first annular protrusion 1024, which surrounds the first opening 201 to facilitate the connection and communication between the first opening 201 and the liquid inlet or liquid outlet of the radiator 132. The first annular protrusion 1024 surrounding the first opening 201 can be used to abut or connect with a portion of the radiator 132 around the liquid inlet or liquid outlet along the groove 1023 of the electrical channel 102 towards Z, thereby improving the sealing of the connection between the first opening 201 and the liquid inlet 1321 or liquid outlet of the radiator 132.

[0083] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the inner diameter of the first annular protrusion 1024 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the tube wall 2011 of the first opening 201. The tube wall 2011 of the first opening 201 is recessed relative to the first annular protrusion 1024 in the direction away from the slot 1023 of the electrical groove 102. The liquid inlet 1321 or liquid outlet of the radiator 132 is used to be embedded in the first annular protrusion 1024.

[0084] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the tube wall 2011 of the first opening 201 is recessed relative to the first annular protrusion 1024 in the direction away from the slot 1023 of the electrical groove 102, so that the first annular protrusion 1024 covers the tube wall 2011 of the first opening 201 circumferentially, and the first annular protrusion 1024 protrudes out of the first opening 201 axially, so that the first annular protrusion 1024 and the end face of the tube wall 2011 of the first opening 201 form a groove, thereby allowing the liquid inlet 1321 or liquid outlet of the radiator 132 to be embedded in the space surrounded by the first annular protrusion 1024 and abut against the end face of the tube wall 2011 of the first opening 201, thereby improving the sealing performance and connection stability between the first opening 201 and the liquid inlet 1321 or liquid outlet of the radiator 132.

[0085] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second opening 202 is distributed on the outside of the wall 1022 of the electrical slot 102. The orientation of the second opening 202 is perpendicular to the orientation Z of the slot opening 1023 of the electrical slot 102. The wall 1022 of the electrical slot 102 includes a second annular protrusion 1025, which is distributed on the outside of the wall 1022 of the electrical slot 102 and surrounds the second opening 202.

[0086] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5As shown, the second opening 202 is distributed on the outer side of the channel wall 1022 of the electrical channel 102. The orientation of the second opening 202 is perpendicular to the Z-direction of the slot opening 1023 of the electrical channel 102, so that the second opening 202 connects to the external pipe 300 along the direction perpendicular to the slot opening 1023 of the electrical channel 102, facilitating the installation of the external pipe 300 on the outer side of the channel wall 1022 of the electrical channel 102. In this embodiment, the second annular protrusion 1025 surrounds the second opening 202, facilitating the use of the second annular protrusion 1025 to abut, connect, or fix with the portion surrounding the external pipe 300, thereby improving the sealing performance of the connection between the second opening 202 and the external pipe 300.

[0087] In this embodiment, the built-in pipe 200 is L-shaped.

[0088] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second annular protrusion 1025 is flush with the second opening 202. The second annular protrusion 1025 is used to be embedded in the external pipe 300. The external pipe 300 is used to discharge coolant from the internal pipe 200 or to supply coolant to the internal pipe 200.

[0089] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second annular protrusion 1025 is flush with the second opening 202. The second annular protrusion 1025 and the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 are embedded together into the external pipe 300, which facilitates the fixation of the external pipe 300 to the outer side of the second annular protrusion 1025. In one embodiment, the external pipe 300 is fixedly connected to a portion of the groove wall on the outer side of the second annular protrusion 1025.

[0090] Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the electrical duct 102 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical duct 102, a heat sink 132, and an electrical cover 105 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0091] Please combine Figure 7 and Figure 8 In one embodiment, the orientation of the second opening 202 is the same as the orientation Z of the slot opening 1023 of the electrical slot 102. The slot wall 1022 of the electrical slot 102 includes a groove 1026. The orientation of the slot opening of the groove 1026 is the same as the orientation Z of the slot opening 1023 of the electrical slot 102. The groove wall of the groove 1026 surrounds the second opening 202.

[0092] In this embodiment, the orientation of the second opening 202 is the same as the orientation Z of the slot 1023 of the electrical channel 102, allowing the second opening 202 to connect to an external pipe or other waterway along the Z-direction of the slot 1023 of the electrical channel 102. The groove wall of the groove 1026 surrounds the second opening 202, allowing the groove wall of the groove 1026 around the second opening 202 to align with the external pipe or other waterway along the direction of the slot 1023 of the electrical channel 102, thus enabling precise communication between the second opening 202 and the external pipe or other waterway. In this embodiment, a groove 1026 is formed in the groove wall 1022 of the electrical channel 102, and the groove wall of the groove 1026 surrounds the second opening 202, allowing the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 to be embedded within the housing 100, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 and the electrical channel 102.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the built-in pipe 200 is U-shaped. During the die-casting process to prepare the housing 100, the U-shaped built-in pipe 200 can be clamped by a clamping tool. The clamping tool aligns the U-shaped built-in pipe 200 with two sealing members in the die-casting mold of the housing 100. The two sealing members are inserted into the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the U-shaped built-in pipe 200, thereby positioning the U-shaped built-in pipe 200 radially and circumferentially in the die-casting mold from the first opening 201. This prevents the built-in pipe 200 from being pushed and rotated by the flowing housing 100 material, making the position of the built-in pipe 200 embedded in the housing 100 more accurate. This is beneficial to improving the connection and sealing between the built-in pipe 200 and the radiator 132, as well as improving the structural strength of the housing 100.

[0094] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the housing 100 of the powertrain 10 also includes an electrical cover 105, which is used to enclose the slot 1023 of the electrical groove 102. The electrical cover 105 includes a heat sink 106, and a second opening 202 is used to connect to the liquid inlet 1061 or the liquid outlet (not shown) of the heat sink 106.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8As shown, the electrical cover 105 includes a heat dissipation plate 106, and the electrical slot 102 has a heat sink 132. The heat dissipation plate 106 is used to cool the functional components of the motor controller 13 from above the electrical slot 102, and the heat sink 132 is used to cool the motor controller 13 within the electrical slot 102, thereby improving the cooling effect on the functional components of the motor controller 13. In this embodiment, after the electrical cover 105 encloses the slot opening 1023 of the electrical slot 102, the liquid inlet 1061 or liquid outlet of the heat dissipation plate 106 of the electrical cover 105 is connected to the second opening 202 to connect to the built-in pipe 200, so that the heat dissipation plate 106 is connected to the heat sink 132 through the built-in pipe 200, so that the heat dissipation plate 106 and the heat sink 132 are connected to transmit coolant, reducing the number of pipes.

[0096] In this embodiment, the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 for connecting the heat sink 106 is arranged in the wall 1022 of the electrical duct 102, so that the heat sink 106 and the radiator 132 are connected through the second opening 202 in the wall of the electrical duct 102, and the connecting pipe between the heat sink 106 and the radiator 132 does not occupy the space of the electrical duct 102. Since the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 is arranged in the wall 1022 of the electrical duct 102, the groove 1026 of the wall 1022 of the electrical duct 102 surrounds the second opening 202, which increases the structural strength of the built-in pipe 200 and the wall 1022 of the electrical duct 102. It also allows the end face of the groove 1026 around the second opening 202 to abut against the electrical cover plate 105, improving the sealing between the second opening 202 and the liquid inlet 1061 or liquid outlet of the heat sink 106 of the electrical cover plate 105. For example, a sealing ring can be added to the end face of the groove wall of the groove 1026 around the second opening 202 to seal the part of the electrical cover plate 105 around the liquid inlet 1061 or oil outlet of the heat sink 106.

[0097] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The inner diameter of the groove wall of the groove 1026 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the tube wall of the second opening 202. The tube wall of the second opening 202 is recessed towards Z relative to the groove wall of the groove 1026 along the groove opening 1023 away from the electrical groove 102. The liquid inlet 1061 or liquid outlet of the heat sink 106 is used to be embedded in the groove 1026.

[0098] In this embodiment of the application, by embedding the liquid inlet 1061 or liquid outlet of the heat sink 106 into the groove 1026, the communication and sealing between the second opening 202 and the liquid inlet 1061 or liquid outlet of the heat sink 106 is improved, and the installation of the electrical cover 105 and the electrical groove 102 is also facilitated.

[0099] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the housing 100 includes two built-in pipes 200, which are referred to as the first built-in pipe 200a and the second built-in pipe 200b, respectively. The first opening 201 of the first built-in pipe 200a is used to connect one of the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator 132, and the first opening 201 of the second built-in pipe 200b is used to connect the other of the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the radiator 132. The first built-in conduit 200a and the second built-in conduit 200b are L-shaped. The electrical trough 102 includes a first trough wall 1022a and a second trough wall 1022b, which intersect and are connected. The first openings 201 of the first built-in conduit 200a and the second built-in conduit 200b are distributed at the bottom 1021 of the electrical trough 102. The second opening 202 of the first built-in conduit 200a is distributed outside the first trough wall 1022a. The opening orientation of the second opening 202 of the first built-in conduit 200a is perpendicular to the opening 1023 of the electrical trough 102 and faces Z. The second opening 202 of the second built-in conduit 200b is distributed outside the second trough wall 1022b. The opening orientation of the second opening 202 of the second built-in conduit 200b is perpendicular to the opening 1023 of the electrical trough 102 and faces Z. The opening orientation of the second opening 202 of the second built-in conduit 200b is perpendicular to the opening orientation of the second opening 202 of the first built-in conduit 200a.

[0100] In one embodiment, the housing 100 includes two built-in conduits 200, one of which is L-shaped and the other is U-shaped.

[0101] In one embodiment, the housing 100 includes two internal pipes 200, which are U-shaped. This provides more ways to connect the heat sink 132 to the external piping, allowing the housing 100 to adapt to various scenarios.

[0102] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 13 These are four schematic diagrams of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0103] Combination Figures 9 to 13 In one embodiment, the built-in pipe 200 includes a first positioning structure 203, which is distributed on at least one of the outer or inner circumferential surfaces of the pipe wall of at least one of the first opening 201 or the second opening 202.

[0104] During the die-casting process of the housing 100, after the built-in pipe 200 is placed in the die-casting mold using a clamping tool, the molten material of the housing 100 pushes the built-in pipe 200 as it is poured into the die-casting mold, preventing the built-in pipe 200 from being accurately positioned within the housing 100. In this embodiment, by arranging a first positioning structure 203 on the built-in pipe 200, and distributing the first positioning structure 203 on at least one of the outer or inner circumferential surfaces of the pipe wall of at least one of the first opening 201 or the second opening 202, the first positioning structure 203 is positioned with the positioning structure in the die-casting mold. This ensures that the built-in pipe 200 is accurately placed in the die-casting mold and is not moved by the material of the housing 100, preventing the built-in pipe 200 from rotating. This improves the positional accuracy of the built-in pipe 200 within the housing 100 and enhances the sealing performance of the built-in pipe 200 in connection with the radiator 132 or external pipelines.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first positioning structure 203 is a non-circular structure 204 on the outer or inner circumferential surface of the pipe wall of the first opening 201 or the second opening 202.

[0106] In this embodiment of the application, the first positioning structure 203 is a non-circular structure 204 on the outer or inner circumferential surface of the pipe wall of the first opening 201 or the second opening 202, so that the built-in pipe 200 will not be pushed by the molten material of the shell 100 in the die-casting mold and rotate along the circumference of the first opening 201 or the circumferential direction of the second opening 202.

[0107] In one embodiment, the non-circular structure 204 includes at least one plane 2041 to prevent the built-in pipe 200 from rotating.

[0108] exist Figure 9 In the middle, the non-circular structure 204 is distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the second opening 202. The non-circular structure 204 includes a plane 2041 and an arc-shaped surface 2042, and the arc-shaped surface 2042 is connected to the plane 2041.

[0109] exist Figure 10 In the middle, the non-circular structure 204 is distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the second opening 202. The non-circular structure 204 includes two planes 2041 and two arc-shaped surfaces 2042. The two planes 2041 are distributed on both sides of the two arc-shaped surfaces 2042. The two planes 2041 are parallel to each other and are connected to the arc-shaped surfaces 2042.

[0110] exist Figure 11In the middle, the non-circular structure 204 is distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the second opening 202. The non-circular structure 204 includes two planes 2041 and an arc-shaped surface 2042. The two planes 2041 are perpendicular to each other and one end of the two planes 2041 is connected. The arc-shaped surface 2042 is connected to the other end of the two planes 2041.

[0111] exist Figure 12 In the middle, the non-circular structure 204 is distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the second opening 202. The non-circular structure 204 includes four planes 2041 and four rounded corners 2043. Two planes 2041 are parallel and arranged opposite each other, and the other two planes 2041 are parallel and arranged opposite each other. Adjacent two planes 2041 are connected by a rounded corner 2043.

[0112] In one embodiment, the non-circular structure 204 has a cross-section along the radial direction of the second opening 202 that is rectangular, square, triangular, or irregular.

[0113] exist Figure 13 The image shows four embodiments of the distribution of the second opening 202 on the outer peripheral surface of the non-circular structure 204. Figure 13 The non-circular structure 204 in the middle is similar to the four non-circular structures 204 distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the second opening 202 mentioned above, and will not be described again here.

[0114] In one embodiment, the non-circular structure 204 is distributed on the outer or inner peripheral surface of the first opening 201. The non-circular structure 204 distributed on the first opening 201 is similar to the non-circular structure 204 distributed on the outer or inner peripheral surface of the second opening 202, and will not be described again here.

[0115] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 16 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 17 This is another schematic diagram of the built-in pipe 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0116] Combination Figure 14 middle Figure 17 In one embodiment, the built-in pipe 200 further includes a second positioning structure 205, which is distributed between the first opening 201 and the second opening 202. A portion of the second positioning structure 205 is exposed outside the housing 100, and a portion of the second positioning structure 205 is fixedly connected to the portion of the built-in pipe 200 located inside the housing 100.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 14As shown, a portion of the second positioning structure 205 is fixedly connected to the built-in pipe 200, so that the built-in pipe 200 is positioned in the die-casting mold through the second positioning structure 205, so that the built-in pipe 200 can be accurately positioned inside the housing 100, and the built-in pipe 200 is prevented from rotating or moving.

[0118] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, to avoid the second positioning structure 205 occupying space within the electrical slot 102 and to avoid affecting the installation of other electrical components in the electrical slot 102, a portion of the second positioning structure 205 exposed at the bottom 1021 of the electrical slot 102 is removed. The surface of the portion of the second positioning structure 205 facing the electrical slot 102 is coplanar with the surface of the bottom 1021 of the electrical slot 102.

[0119] In one embodiment, the second positioning structure 205 is a cylindrical protrusion that fixes the portion of the built-in pipe 200 located inside the housing 100.

[0120] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 and Figure 14 As shown, the second positioning structure 205 is a cylindrical protrusion of the built-in pipe 200. The cylindrical protrusion is used to position with the positioning structure in the die-casting mold, so that the built-in pipe 200 can be accurately positioned inside the housing 100.

[0121] In one embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the second positioning structure 205 is a non-circular structure 204, so that the built-in pipe 200 only needs to be positioned by one second positioning structure 205, avoiding the built-in pipe 200 from rotating and causing the first opening 201 or the second opening 202 to fail to accurately align with the liquid inlet 1321 or liquid outlet of the radiator 132.

[0122] In one embodiment, such as Figure 15 As shown, the built-in pipe 200 includes two second positioning structures 205, which are used to prevent the built-in pipe 200 from rotating or moving.

[0123] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 14 As shown, the built-in pipe 200 includes a second positioning structure 205, which is distributed at the bottom 1021 of the electrical groove 102. The protrusion direction of the second positioning structure 205 is the same as the opening direction of the first opening 201. The second positioning structure 205 and the first opening 201 are used together to achieve positioning and prevent the built-in pipe 200 from rotating or moving.

[0124] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, since the power module of the inverter module 131 includes multiple power modules (not shown) arranged sequentially along its length direction, the length direction of the electrical slot 102 is the same as the length direction of the power module, and the width direction of the electrical slot 102 is the same as the width direction of the power module. Figure 3 In the electrical slot 102, the length direction is the same as the radial direction R of the drive motor 11, and the width direction is the same as the axial direction O of the drive motor 11. A first built-in pipe 200a and a second built-in pipe 200b are embedded within the housing 100. The first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the first built-in pipe 200a are arranged parallel to the length direction of the power module. The opening of the second opening 202 faces along the length direction of the electrical slot 102. The outer circumferential surface of the second opening 202 has a non-circular structure 204 as a first positioning structure 203, eliminating the need for a second positioning structure 205 between the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the first built-in pipe 200a, and thus eliminating the need to increase the length of the electrical slot 102 occupied by the built-in pipe 200. The first built-in pipe 200a is positioned using the non-circular structure 204 as the first positioning structure 203, and the non-circular structure 204 as the first positioning structure 203 can be arranged outside the electrical slot 102 without occupying the length and volume inside the electrical slot 102. Because the arrangement direction of the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the second built-in conduit 200b is parallel to the width direction of the power module, the power module occupies a smaller width dimension of the electrical slot 102, thus providing space in the electrical slot 102 to accommodate the second built-in conduit 200b with the second positioning structure 205. Figure 3 As shown, the positioning structure of the second built-in pipe 200b is the second positioning structure 205.

[0125] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, in one embodiment, the portion of the built-in pipe 200 located inside the housing 100 includes a clamping structure 206. The clamping structure 206 includes two planar structures 2061. The two planar structures 2061 are oriented in opposite directions and are perpendicular to the orientation of at least one of the first opening 201 or the second opening 202. The two planar structures 2061 are fixedly connected to the pipe wall of the built-in pipe 200.

[0126] In this embodiment, by arranging a clamping structure 206 on the built-in pipe 200, the clamping tool can clamp the built-in pipe 200, enabling the built-in pipe 200 to be stably placed in the die-casting mold. Figure 14 As shown, the two planar structures 2061 are arranged perpendicular to the paper.

[0127] In one embodiment, radial clamping structures 206 along the inner pipe 200 are distributed on one side of the outer wall of the inner pipe 200, and the radial clamping structures 206 along the inner pipe 200 are oriented opposite to the positioning structures of the inner pipe 200. Figure 16 As shown, the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the U-shaped built-in pipe 200 are used as positioning structures for positioning. Radial clamping structures 206 are distributed along the side of the built-in pipe 200 opposite to the first opening 201 and the second opening 202, and axial clamping structures 206 are distributed between the first opening 201 and the second opening 202. Figure 14 The first opening 201 and the second positioning structure 205 of the L-shaped built-in pipe 200 serve as positioning structures for the built-in pipe 200. The radial clamping structure 206 of the built-in pipe 200 is distributed on the side of the built-in pipe 200 away from the first opening 201, and the axial clamping structure 206 of the built-in pipe 200 is distributed between the first opening 201 and the second positioning structure 205.

[0128] In one embodiment, such as Figure 15 As shown, the axial clamping structure 206 along the built-in pipe 200 is distributed in the middle of the two second positioning structures 205 of the built-in pipe 200, and the radial clamping structure 206 along the built-in pipe 200 is distributed on the side of the built-in pipe 200 away from the two second positioning structures 205.

[0129] In one embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, the clamping structure 206 along the axial direction of the built-in pipe 200 is distributed in the middle of the U-shaped built-in pipe 200, and the two planar structures 2061 of the clamping structure 206 are parallel to the axis of the first opening 201 and the axis of the second opening 202.

[0130] In one embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the opening orientation of the first opening 201 of the built-in pipe 200 is the same as the Z-direction of the slot 1023 of the electrical groove 102, and the opening orientation of the second opening 202 of the built-in pipe 200 is perpendicular to the Z-direction of the slot 1023 of the electrical groove 102. The two planar structures 2061 are distributed at the position where the axis of the first opening 201 intersects the axis of the second opening 202.

[0131] In one embodiment, the built-in conduit 200 is in a straight line shape, and the first opening 201 and the second opening 202 of the built-in conduit 200 are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the built-in conduit 200, with the opening orientation of the first opening 201 and the opening orientation of the second opening 202 being opposite. A clamping structure 206 is distributed between the first opening 201 and the second opening 202.

[0132] In one embodiment, the inline built-in pipe 200 further includes a second positioning structure 205, which is distributed along the radial direction of the built-in pipe 200 on opposite sides of the built-in pipe 200, along with the clamping structure 206.

[0133] The powertrain and electric vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and embodiments of this application. The description of the embodiments above is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A powertrain, characterized in that, The powertrain includes a drive motor and a motor controller. The powertrain housing includes a motor slot and an electrical slot. The motor slot houses the stator and rotor of the drive motor, and the electrical slot houses the inverter module and heat sink of the motor controller. The inverter module outputs three-phase AC power to control the drive motor. The heat sink cools the power module of the inverter module. The heat sink's inlet or outlet is used to transfer coolant through an internal pipe, wherein: The built-in pipe is die-cast inside the housing. The built-in pipe includes a first opening and a second opening. The first opening communicates with the second opening through the portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing. The first opening is located at the bottom of the electrical tank and is used to connect to the inlet or outlet of the radiator. The second opening is located on the wall of the electrical tank and is used to discharge coolant from the built-in pipe or to supply coolant to the built-in pipe.

2. The powertrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first opening faces the same direction as the opening of the electrical slot, and the bottom of the electrical slot includes a first annular protrusion that surrounds the first opening.

3. The powertrain according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the first annular protrusion is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the tube wall of the first opening. The tube wall of the first opening is recessed relative to the first annular protrusion in a direction away from the groove opening of the electrical groove. The liquid inlet or outlet of the radiator is used to be embedded in the first annular protrusion.

4. The powertrain according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The second opening is distributed on the outer side of the wall of the electrical slot, and the orientation of the second opening is perpendicular to the orientation of the slot opening of the electrical slot. The wall of the electrical slot includes a second annular protrusion, which is distributed on the outer side of the wall of the electrical slot and surrounds the second opening.

5. The powertrain according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second annular protrusion is flush with the second opening and is used to be embedded in an external pipe. The external pipe is used to discharge coolant from the internal pipe or to supply coolant to the internal pipe.

6. The powertrain according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The second opening is oriented in the same direction as the opening of the electrical slot. The wall of the electrical slot includes a groove, the opening of which is oriented in the same direction as the opening of the electrical slot, and the wall of the groove surrounds the second opening.

7. The powertrain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The powertrain housing also includes an electrical cover plate for enclosing the opening of the electrical slot. The electrical cover plate includes a heat sink plate, and the second opening is for connecting to the liquid inlet or liquid outlet of the heat sink plate.

8. The powertrain according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the groove wall is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the second opening pipe wall. The pipe wall of the second opening is recessed relative to the groove wall along the groove opening away from the electrical groove. The liquid inlet or outlet of the heat sink plate is used to be embedded in the groove.

9. The powertrain according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The built-in pipe includes a first positioning structure, which is distributed on at least one of the outer or inner circumferential surfaces of the pipe wall of at least one of the first opening or the second opening.

10. The powertrain according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first positioning structure is a non-circular structure on the outer or inner circumferential surface of the pipe wall of the first or second opening.

11. The powertrain according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The built-in pipe also includes a second positioning structure, which is distributed between the first opening and the second opening. A portion of the second positioning structure is exposed outside the housing, and a portion of the positioning structure is fixedly connected to the portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing.

12. The powertrain according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second positioning structure is a cylindrical protrusion that fixes the portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing.

13. The powertrain according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The portion of the built-in pipe located inside the housing includes a clamping structure, which comprises two planar structures. The two planar structures are oriented in opposite directions and are perpendicular to the orientation of at least one of the first opening or the second opening. The two planar structures are fixedly connected to the wall of the built-in pipe.

14. The powertrain according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The built-in pipe is one of aluminum pipe, aluminum alloy pipe, copper pipe, copper alloy and stainless steel pipe, and the shell is a magnesium alloy shell.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes a powertrain as described in any one of claims 1-14, the powertrain being used to drive the wheels.

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