Motor cooling structure and motor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric machine cooling structure and electric machine, relate to electric machine technical field. The electric machine cooling structure includes rotor, rotor end ring, oil circuit unit. Rotor end ring is arranged respectively in the both sides of rotor along radial direction direction. Oil circuit unit, including end cover oil circuit, casing oil circuit and axial oil circuit, and the export of end cover oil circuit and the export of casing oil circuit are linked together with the import of different axial oil circuit respectively. Wherein, the export of different axial oil circuit is respectively towards the rotor end ring of both sides, to make cooling liquid can be sprayed to rotor end ring. The electric machine cooling structure can directly and actively spray oil to rotor end ring through the arrangement of the axial oil circuit that is communicated with end cover oil circuit and casing oil circuit, and then directly cools the most heat-generating part, and the cooling effect is remarkable, and the sustained performance of electric machine can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a motor cooling structure and a motor. Background Technology

[0002] Induction motors, also known as asynchronous motors, typically use cast aluminum squirrel-cage rotors. When the motor is working, a relatively large current is induced in the rotor. Because aluminum has a relatively high resistance, the rotor generates a lot of heat during the operation of the asynchronous motor, which affects the continuous power performance of the motor. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the motor rotor thoroughly.

[0003] In automotive electric drive systems, common cooling methods for motor rotors are divided into two types: water cooling and oil cooling. 1. Because the materials of motor rotors are usually not corrosion-resistant, water-cooled motors typically cannot directly cool the rotor. 2. Oil-cooled motors usually cool the rotor using two methods: 1) Cooling can be achieved through the oil sprayed down during stator cooling, but... Figure 1 As shown, it suffers from insufficient cooling; 2) Oil circulation on the rotor shaft is generally only suitable for non-coaxial bridges. If a coaxial bridge requires oil circulation on the rotor shaft, additional seals are needed, increasing the bridge's drag loss, and the rotor's manufacturability is relatively poor, such as... Figure 2 As shown. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a motor cooling structure and a motor. The motor cooling structure can directly and actively spray oil onto the rotor end ring by arranging an axial oil passage that is connected to the oil passage of the end cover and the oil passage of the housing, thereby directly cooling the part with the greatest heat generation. The cooling effect is significant and can improve the continuous performance of the motor.

[0005] This utility model discloses a motor cooling structure, including:

[0006] Rotor;

[0007] Rotor end rings are arranged radially on both sides of the rotor; and

[0008] The oil circuit unit includes an end cover oil circuit, a housing oil circuit, and an axial oil circuit. The outlet end of the end cover oil circuit and the outlet end of the housing oil circuit are respectively connected to the inlet end of different axial oil circuits.

[0009] The outlet ends of the different axial oil passages are respectively oriented towards the rotor end rings on both sides, so that the coolant can be sprayed onto the rotor end rings.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the axial oil passage is 2mm to 6mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis of the rotor is defined as the first distance, and the ratio of the first distance to the outer diameter of the rotor is between a first preset ratio and a second preset ratio.

[0012] Furthermore, the first preset ratio includes 0.35, and the second preset ratio includes 0.43.

[0013] Furthermore, the value of the first spacing is d, where 50mm ≤ d ≤ 60mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the oil circuit unit also includes a main oil circuit, which is interconnected with both the inlet end of the end cap oil circuit and the inlet end of the housing oil circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a bottom oil passage and an oil pump. The bottom oil passage is arranged below the rotor end ring along the direction of gravity. One end of the oil pump is connected to the bottom oil passage, and the other end is connected to the main oil passage.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an oil filter, which is arranged between the oil pump and the main oil circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a heat exchanger, which is arranged between the oil filter and the main oil passage.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a water-cooled circuit, which is connected to both the heat exchanger and the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, the axial oil passage includes a first axial oil passage and a second axial oil passage arranged on both sides of the rotor. The end cover oil passage is simultaneously interconnected with multiple first axial oil passages, and the outlet heights of the multiple first axial oil passages are different from each other. The housing oil passage is simultaneously interconnected with multiple second axial oil passages, and the outlet heights of the multiple first axial oil passages are different from each other.

[0020] Furthermore, the axial oil passage is inclined, and the lower end of the axial oil passage faces the rotor end ring.

[0021] This utility model embodiment also discloses an electric motor, including the electric motor cooling structure as described above.

[0022] The motor cooling structure and motor provided by this utility model have the following beneficial effects, including but not limited to:

[0023] 1) The motor cooling structure, through the arrangement of axial oil passages connected to the end cover oil passages and housing oil passages, can directly and actively spray oil onto the rotor end rings, thereby directly cooling the part with the greatest heat generation. The cooling effect is significant and can improve the continuous performance of the motor.

[0024] 2) The axial oil passage in the motor cooling structure is of moderate size, which can avoid the problem of insufficient cooling oil due to too small a diameter, resulting in insufficient cooling of the end ring, and can also avoid the problem of too large a diameter, resulting in reduced flow in other parts of the cooling system, affecting the overall cooling and lubrication effect of the bridge.

[0025] 3) The distance between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis in the motor cooling structure is moderate. This can prevent the oil spraying port (central axis of the axial oil passage) from being too close to the rotor axis, which would prevent the cooling oil from being sprayed directly onto the rotor end ring. It can also prevent the lubricating oil from being sprayed onto the end ring and then being thrown outward radially, which would prevent the inner ring of the end ring from being cooled, if the oil spraying port is too far from the rotor axis. Attached Figure Description

[0026] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a spray-cooled passive cooling rotor provided for related technologies;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rotor shaft with oil cooling provided for related technologies;

[0029] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the motor cooling structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram in the image;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the motor cooling structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of another motor cooling structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of another motor cooling structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0034] Icon: 100 - Motor cooling structure;

[0035] 10-Rotor; 11-Rotor end ring;

[0036] 121 - End cap oil passage; 122 - Housing oil passage; 1221 - First axial oil passage; 1222 - Second axial oil passage; 123 - Main body oil passage; 124 - Bottom oil passage;

[0037] 13-Oil pump; 14-Oil filter; 15-Heat exchanger; 16-Water cooling circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0039] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 3-7 This utility model provides a motor cooling structure 100, including a rotor 10, rotor end rings 11, and an oil circuit unit. The rotor end rings 11 are arranged radially on both sides of the rotor 10. The oil circuit unit includes an end cover oil circuit 121, a housing oil circuit 122, and an axial oil circuit. The outlet ends of the end cover oil circuit 121 and the housing oil circuit 122 are respectively connected to the inlet ends of different axial oil circuits. The outlet ends of the different axial oil circuits face the rotor end rings 11 on both sides, so that the coolant can be sprayed onto the rotor end rings 11.

[0041] It should be noted that, such as Figure 3 As shown, the radial direction can refer to the radial direction of the rotor 10. Similarly, the axial direction mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the axial direction of the rotor 10. Furthermore, the coolant mentioned in this embodiment can be oil or other cooling media; this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the specific type of coolant.

[0042] It is worth noting that the motor cooling structure 100, through the arrangement of axial oil passages connected to the end cover oil passage 121 and the housing oil passage 122, can directly and actively spray oil onto the rotor end ring 11, thereby directly cooling the part with the greatest heat generation. The cooling effect is significant, which can improve the continuous performance of the motor. Compared with traditional passive cooling paths (such as relying solely on spray cooling or axial convection), this structure, by actively spraying oil directly onto the heat source, can significantly improve the response speed of the heat conduction path, effectively control the temperature rise of the end ring, and thus improve the stability and continuous output performance of the motor under high load or long-term operation.

[0043] Optionally, the diameter of the axial oil passage is 2mm to 6mm.

[0044] Specifically, if the axial oil passage diameter is too small (less than 2mm), insufficient coolant will result in inadequate cooling of the end ring. Conversely, if the axial oil passage diameter is too large (greater than 2mm), the flow rate in other parts of the cooling system will decrease, thus affecting the overall cooling and lubrication performance of the bridge. Therefore, setting the axial oil passage diameter between 2mm and 6mm ensures sufficient cooling of the end ring while also ensuring a reasonable distribution of system flow, achieving a good balance between cooling and lubrication. As a preferred embodiment, the axial oil passage diameter can be 4mm. This size provides a good balance between coolant spray volume and system flow control, further ensuring the cooling effect in the end ring area and the overall operational stability of the cooling system.

[0045] In some embodiments, the distance between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis of the rotor 10 is defined as a first distance d, and the ratio of the first distance to the outer diameter of the rotor is between a first preset ratio and a second preset ratio. It can be understood that the distance between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis is designed to be moderate, so as to achieve a good balance between the oil spray coverage area and the spray angle.

[0046] Optionally, the first preset ratio includes 0.35, and the second preset ratio includes 0.43.

[0047] In some more specific implementation environments, the outer diameter of rotor 10 is D, where,

[0048] In some embodiments, 50mm ≤ d ≤ 60mm. It is understood that the rotor 10 in this case is a conventional rotor structure, and its outer diameter D can be 141.5mm.

[0049] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the distance between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis is designed to be moderate, enabling the oil injection port (the outlet of the axial oil passage) to achieve effective spraying and improve cooling efficiency. If the d value is too small (i.e., less than 50mm), the oil injection port will be too close to the rotor axis, limiting the coolant spray range and making it difficult to fully cover the rotor end ring 11 area. This results in the coolant not being effectively sprayed to the outer side and end face of the end ring, causing a decrease in cooling effect. On the other hand, if the d value is too large (i.e., more than 60mm), the oil injection port will be far away from the rotor axis. The sprayed coolant will be affected by centrifugal force when the rotor 10 rotates at high speed and is easily thrown out radially, exhibiting the following characteristics: Figure 4The dotted line shown is radially offset outward and upward, making it difficult to act on the inner ring area of ​​the end ring, thus failing to effectively cool the inner ring portion. Therefore, when the rotor 10 has a conventional structure with a size of 141.5mm, setting d within the range of 50mm to 60mm can achieve a good balance between the oil spray coverage area and the spray angle, ensuring that the coolant can act efficiently and comprehensively on the rotor end ring 11, effectively improving the cooling performance and reliability of the motor.

[0050] It is worth noting that, depending on the specific implementation environment, such as when the rotor 10 has dimensions of 100mm, 200mm, or other specific parameters, it can be adjusted according to... Determine the distance d between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis of rotor 10 to improve the cooling performance of the motor.

[0051] Please refer to this again. Figure 3 The oil circuit unit also includes a main oil circuit 123, which is connected to the inlet end of the end cap oil circuit 121 and the inlet end of the housing oil circuit 122.

[0052] It is worth noting that after the coolant enters the main oil passage 123, it can be divided into two paths: one flowing to end A and the other to end B. Through the housing oil passage 122 on side A and the end cap oil passage 121 on side B, it is actively sprayed onto the end rings at both ends of the rotor 10AB, achieving large-volume active cooling. It can be understood that by setting a unified main oil passage 123 as the main coolant supply channel, centralized oil supply to the end cap oil passage 121 and the housing oil passage 122 is achieved. Compared to the traditional method of setting separate oil supply paths, the overall system structure is more compact and clear, which is conducive to modular design and integration.

[0053] Optionally, it also includes a bottom oil passage and an oil pump 13. The bottom oil passage is arranged below the rotor end ring 11 along the direction of gravity. One end of the oil pump 13 is connected to the bottom oil passage, and the other end is connected to the main oil passage 123.

[0054] Specifically, since the coolant will naturally sink due to gravity after being sprayed onto the rotor end ring 11, a bottom oil passage located below the rotor end ring 11 can effectively collect the falling coolant, preventing it from splashing or being wasted, thus improving the overall coolant utilization efficiency of the system. Simultaneously, the oil pump 13, in conjunction with the oil pump, returns the coolant collected in the bottom oil passage to the main oil circuit 123, forming a closed-loop circulation path for the coolant. This allows for continuous cooling of the rotor end ring 11, enhancing the continuity and stability of the cooling system.

[0055] It is also worth noting that by utilizing gravity recovery and forced pumping, the need for frequent replenishment of external cooling oil is reduced, while effectively minimizing the possibility of system oil leakage and waste, resulting in good economic and environmental benefits. The bottom oil passage is located at the bottom of the motor, without occupying side or top space, which facilitates a compact overall structure and allows for the integrated design of a high-efficiency cooling system within limited installation space.

[0056] Please refer to this again. Figure 5 The cooling structure also includes an oil filter 14, which is located between the oil pump 13 and the main oil passage 123. It is understood that the oil filter 14 serves to filter impurities and stabilize oil pressure. The oil filter 14 can directly intercept contaminants such as metal shavings, carbon deposits, and dust in the oil, preventing them from entering the main oil passage 123 and causing blockages.

[0057] In some embodiments, a heat exchanger 15 is also included, which is arranged between the oil filter 14 and the main oil passage 123.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a water-cooled circuit 16, which is connected to both the heat exchanger 15 and the controller. It is understood that the arrangement of the heat exchanger 15 and the water-cooled circuit 16 can accelerate heat exchange efficiency. Specifically, the water-cooled circuit 16 is responsible for cooling the controller and carries away the heat from the hot oil in the heat exchanger 15, thereby improving the overall cooling efficiency.

[0059] In some other embodiments, the axial oil passage includes a first axial oil passage 1221 and a second axial oil passage 1222 arranged on both sides of the rotor 10. The end cap oil passage 121 is simultaneously interconnected with multiple first axial oil passages 1221, and the heights of the outlet ends of the multiple first axial oil passages 1221 are different from each other. The housing oil passage 122 is simultaneously interconnected with multiple second axial oil passages 1222, and the heights of the outlet ends of the multiple first axial oil passages 1221 are different from each other.

[0060] It is worth noting that the arrangement of multiple axial oil passages with different outlet heights allows the coolant to be sprayed from different vertical positions onto different areas of the rotor end ring 11 (such as the outer ring, middle ring, and inner ring), forming a three-dimensional spray path. This effectively improves the cooling coverage, making it particularly suitable for motor structures with a large rotor end ring 11 width. Furthermore, since a single-height axial oil passage may lead to over-cooling in some areas and under-cooling in others, this arrangement with varying heights ensures that the coolant is evenly distributed across the entire end ring surface, significantly improving the consistency of cooling and preventing the formation of localized hot spots.

[0061] In some other embodiments, the axial oil passage may be inclined, with the lower end of the axial oil passage facing the rotor end ring 11.

[0062] It is worth noting that by tilting the axial oil passage so that the lower end of its nozzle faces the rotor end ring 11, the coolant spray direction can be made to better align with the target area of ​​the end ring, improving the spray hit rate and avoiding the problem of coolant deviating from or missing the end ring surface. At the same time, the tilted nozzle, under the combined action of gravity and the pressure of the oil pump 13, can form a more directional cooling jet, enhancing the kinetic energy and impact force of the sprayed liquid, allowing the coolant to more effectively adhere to and penetrate the surface thermal boundary layer, thereby improving the cooling heat transfer efficiency of the end ring area.

[0063] This utility model embodiment also discloses an electric motor, including the electric motor cooling structure 100 as described above, which has all its beneficial effects.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

[0065] Throughout this description, numerous specific details, such as examples of components and / or methods, are provided to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details or by other devices, systems, components, methods, parts, materials, components, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations have not been specifically shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," or "a specific embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention, but not necessarily in all embodiments. Therefore, the various representations of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," or "in a specific embodiment" in different places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic of any specific embodiment of the present invention can be combined with one or more other embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that other variations and modifications of the embodiments of the present invention shown herein may be based on the teachings herein and will be considered part of the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0067] It should also be understood that one or more of the elements shown in the figures may be implemented in a more separate or more integrated manner, or may even be removed because they are inoperable in certain circumstances or provided because they may be useful for a particular application.

[0068] Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly stated, any arrows in the accompanying drawings should be considered illustrative only and not limiting. Additionally, unless otherwise stated, the term "or" as used herein is generally intended to mean "and / or". Where a term is anticipated to provide a separation or combination capability that is unclear, a combination of components or steps will also be considered as indicated.

[0069] As used herein and throughout the claims below, unless otherwise specified, “a” and “the” include the plural references. Similarly, as used herein and throughout the claims below, unless otherwise specified, “in” means “in” and “on”.

[0070] The above description of the embodiments shown in this utility model (including the content in the abstract of the specification) is not intended to be an exhaustive enumeration or to limit the utility model to the precise forms disclosed herein. Although specific embodiments and examples of the utility model have been described herein for illustrative purposes only, various equivalent modifications are possible within the spirit and scope of the utility model, as will be recognized and understood by those skilled in the art. As indicated, these modifications can be made to the utility model in accordance with the above description of the embodiments of the utility model, and such modifications will be within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

[0071] This document has generally described the systems and methods in detail to aid in understanding the present invention. Furthermore, various specific details have been set forth to provide a general understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without one or more specific details, or using other devices, systems, accessories, methods, components, materials, parts, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, and / or operations have not been specifically shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor cooling structure, characterized in that, include: Rotor; Rotor end rings are arranged on both sides of the rotor in the radial direction; and The oil circuit unit includes an end cap oil circuit, a housing oil circuit, and an axial oil circuit. The outlet end of the end cap oil circuit and the outlet end of the housing oil circuit are respectively connected to the inlet ends of different axial oil circuits. The outlet ends of the different axial oil passages are respectively oriented towards the rotor end rings on both sides, so that the coolant can be sprayed onto the rotor end rings.

2. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the axial oil passage is 2mm to 6mm.

3. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the central axis of the axial oil passage and the rotor axis of the rotor is defined as the first distance, and the ratio of the first distance to the outer diameter of the rotor is between a first preset ratio and a second preset ratio.

4. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first preset ratio includes 0.35, and the second preset ratio includes 0.

43.

5. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The value of the first spacing is d, where 50mm ≤ d ≤ 60mm.

6. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil circuit unit also includes a main oil circuit, which is connected to both the inlet end of the end cap oil circuit and the inlet end of the housing oil circuit.

7. The motor cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a bottom oil passage and an oil pump. The bottom oil passage is arranged below the rotor end ring along the direction of gravity. One end of the oil pump is connected to the bottom oil passage, and the other end is connected to the main oil passage.

8. The motor cooling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an oil filter, which is arranged between the oil pump and the main oil passage.

9. The motor cooling structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchanger arranged between the oil filter and the main oil passage.

10. The motor cooling structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a water-cooling circuit, which is connected to the heat exchanger and the controller respectively.

11. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial oil passage includes a first axial oil passage and a second axial oil passage arranged on both sides of the rotor. The end cover oil passage is simultaneously interconnected with multiple first axial oil passages, and the outlet heights of the multiple first axial oil passages are different from each other. The housing oil passage is simultaneously interconnected with multiple second axial oil passages, and the outlet heights of the multiple first axial oil passages are different from each other.

12. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial oil passage is inclined, and the lower end of the axial oil passage faces the rotor end ring.

13. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the motor cooling structure as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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