High efficiency adaptive differential pressure DC-DC buck system

Abstract

The utility model relates to DC DC voltage reduction conversion technical field, concretely is a kind of high-efficiency adaptive differential DC DC voltage reduction system.The utility model aims at providing a kind of high-efficiency adaptive differential DC DC voltage reduction system, including power circuit module and programmable control module, the input end V in of power circuit module is DC-DC voltage reduction system power input end, the output end V out of power circuit module is DC-DC voltage reduction system power output end, the input end of programmable control module is connected with the output end V out Of power circuit module, the output end of programmable control module is connected to the input end of power circuit module.The utility model is combined by adding high-efficiency programmable control module and power circuit module, realizes the adaptive adjustment of input voltage, so that input-output voltage difference is always maintained in the vicinity of optimum value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of DC-DC buck conversion technology, specifically a high-efficiency adaptive differential pressure DC-DC buck system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of power electronics technology, the importance of high-efficiency power management systems in modern electronic devices is becoming increasingly prominent. This is especially true in fields such as new energy vehicles, communication base stations, and medical applications, where higher requirements are placed on performance indicators such as power conversion efficiency and dynamic response.

[0003] DC-DC buck converters are one of the most widely used power conversion topologies, primarily functioning to convert higher input voltages into stable, lower output voltages. However, in typical buck conversion processes, a large voltage difference between the input and output voltages leads to increased power losses in the switching transistors, inductors, and freewheeling diodes, reducing system efficiency and generating significant heat. This loss problem is particularly pronounced in applications with wide input voltage ranges and large dynamic loads, severely limiting the improvement of system efficiency.

[0004] Currently, some studies have attempted to improve efficiency through methods such as pre-stage voltage regulation and input voltage grouping switching, but these improvements have failed to fundamentally resolve the contradiction between differential voltage loss and efficiency optimization. Pre-stage voltage pre-regulation can address large differential voltage issues over a wide input voltage range, but it suffers from drawbacks such as large size, slow response speed, and increased additional losses. Input voltage grouping switching technology, compared to pre-stage voltage pre-regulation, has a simpler structure and control, but it suffers from switching delays and limited range adjustment. Especially when facing rapidly changing load conditions, the dynamic response performance of existing solutions is insufficient to meet practical application requirements. Therefore, developing a high-efficiency adaptive differential voltage DC-DC buck converter system is of significant practical importance for overcoming existing technological bottlenecks and meeting increasingly stringent energy efficiency requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system that can step down an unstable DC wide input voltage for dynamic load devices and efficiently convert it into the required stable DC voltage, namely a high-efficiency adaptive differential DC-DC step-down system.

[0006] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution: A high-efficiency adaptive differential DC-DC buck system includes a power circuit module and a programmable control module. The input terminal V of the power circuit module is... in This refers to the power input terminal of the DC-DC step-down system and the output terminal V of the power circuit module. outThis refers to the power output terminal of the DC-DC step-down system, the input terminal of the programmable control module, and the output terminal V of the power circuit module. out The output of the programmable control module is connected to the input of the power circuit module; The power circuit module includes a power switch Q, a freewheeling diode D, an inductor L, a capacitor C, and a load resistor R. L One end of the freewheeling diode D is connected to the power input terminal of the DC-DC buck system via the power switch Q. One end of the inductor L is connected to the power switch Q, and the other end is connected to the power output terminal of the DC-DC buck system. The capacitor C and the load resistor R... L One end of each diode is connected to the power output terminal of the DC-DC buck system, and the other end of the freewheeling diode D, the other end of the capacitor C, and the load resistor R are connected to the other end of the freewheeling diode D. L The other end of each is grounded; The programmable control module includes a real-time monitoring feedback module, an adaptive differential voltage optimization module, and a front-end input voltage regulation module. The input terminal of the real-time monitoring feedback module is also the input terminal of the programmable control module. The output terminal of the real-time monitoring feedback module is connected to the input terminal of the adaptive differential voltage optimization module. The output terminal of the adaptive differential voltage optimization module is connected to the input terminal of the front-end input voltage regulation module. The output terminal of the front-end input voltage regulation module is connected to the input terminal of the power circuit module. The real-time monitoring feedback module is used to monitor and simultaneously transmit the load voltage V to the adaptive differential voltage optimization module in real time. out and load current I out The adaptive differential voltage optimization module is used to calculate the optimal input voltage value based on the received load voltage and load current signals, and outputs a control signal to the front-end input voltage regulation module. The front-end input voltage real-time regulation module is used to dynamically adjust the input voltage in real time according to the control command.

[0007] Working process: When the power supply is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC step-down system, the front-end input voltage regulation module first detects the input voltage value V. in The signal is then transmitted to the adaptive differential pressure optimization module, while the real-time monitoring feedback module continuously samples the output voltage V using a high-precision ADC. out and load current I out The detection data is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the main control MCU via the I2C bus. The adaptive differential pressure optimization module integrates the input voltage V. in Output voltage V out and load current I out The optimal input voltage V for differential voltage matching is calculated in real time. in_optThe power circuit module adjusts the PWM duty cycle in real time based on the adjusted feedback voltage, thereby changing the conduction time of the power switch Q. This keeps the input-output voltage difference of the buck converter main circuit near its optimal value, ultimately stabilizing the output voltage at the target value. Throughout the entire operation, the real-time monitoring feedback module continuously detects the actual output voltage V. out It compares the output voltage with the set value to form a closed-loop feedback. When a sudden load change or input voltage fluctuation is detected, the programmable control module will quickly respond to complete a new round of detection, calculation, and adjustment to ensure the dynamic accuracy of the output voltage.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By adding a high-efficiency programmable control module and combining it with the power circuit module, this utility model achieves adaptive adjustment of the input voltage, so that the input-output voltage difference is always maintained at the optimal value, significantly reducing the conduction loss and switching loss of power devices, improving system efficiency, reducing heat generation, improving product convenience and energy utilization, and supporting a wide input voltage range and fast dynamic load response. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system described in this utility model; In the diagram: 1-Programmable control module, 2-Front-end input voltage regulation module, 3-Real-time monitoring and feedback module, 4-Adaptive differential pressure optimization module. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the solution of this utility model will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this utility model and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0013] In this description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joint" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0014] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0015] The specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-efficiency adaptive differential DC-DC buck system includes a power circuit module and a programmable control module 1. The input terminal V of the power circuit module is... in This refers to the power input terminal of the DC-DC step-down system and the output terminal V of the power circuit module. out This refers to the power output terminal of the DC-DC step-down system, the input terminal of programmable control module 1, and the output terminal V of the power circuit module. out The output of programmable control module 1 is connected to the input of power circuit module; The power circuit module includes a power switch Q, a freewheeling diode D, an inductor L, a capacitor C, and a load resistor R. L One end of the freewheeling diode D is connected to the power input terminal of the DC-DC buck system via the power switch Q. One end of the inductor L is connected to the power switch Q, and the other end is connected to the power output terminal of the DC-DC buck system. The capacitor C and the load resistor R... L One end of each diode is connected to the power output terminal of the DC-DC buck system, and the other end of the freewheeling diode D, the other end of the capacitor C, and the load resistor R are connected to the other end of the freewheeling diode D. L The other end of each is grounded; The programmable control module 1 includes a real-time monitoring feedback module 3, an adaptive differential voltage optimization module 4, and a front-end input voltage regulation module 2. The input terminal of the real-time monitoring feedback module 3 is also the input terminal of the programmable control module 1. The output terminal of the real-time monitoring feedback module 3 is connected to the input terminal of the adaptive differential voltage optimization module 4. The output terminal of the adaptive differential voltage optimization module 4 is connected to the input terminal of the front-end voltage regulation module. The output terminal of the front-end input voltage regulation module 2 is connected to the input terminal of the power circuit module. The real-time monitoring feedback module 3 is used to monitor and simultaneously transmit the load voltage V to the adaptive differential voltage optimization module 4 in real time. out and load current I out The adaptive differential voltage optimization module is used to calculate the optimal input voltage value based on the received load voltage and load current signals, and outputs a control signal to the front-end input voltage regulation module 2. The front-end input voltage real-time regulation module is used to dynamically adjust the input voltage in real time according to the control command.

[0017] Working process: When the power supply is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC step-down system, the front-end input voltage regulation module 2 first detects the input voltage value V. in The signal is then transmitted to the adaptive differential pressure optimization module 4. Simultaneously, the real-time monitoring feedback module 3 continuously and accurately samples the output voltage V using an ADC. out and load current I out The detection data is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the main control MCU via the I2C bus. The adaptive differential pressure optimization module 4 integrates the input voltage V. in Output voltage V out and load current I out The optimal input voltage V for differential voltage matching is calculated in real time. in_opt The power circuit module adjusts the PWM duty cycle in real time based on the adjusted feedback voltage, thereby changing the conduction time of the power switch Q. This keeps the input-output voltage difference of the buck converter main circuit near its optimal value, ultimately stabilizing the output voltage at the target value. Throughout the entire operation, the real-time monitoring feedback module 3 continuously detects the actual output voltage V. out It compares the output voltage with the set value to form a closed-loop feedback. When a sudden load change or input voltage fluctuation is detected, the programmable control module 1 will quickly respond to complete a new round of detection, calculation and adjustment process to ensure the dynamic accuracy of the output voltage.

[0018] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency adaptive differential pressure DC-DC step-down system, characterized in that, It includes a power circuit module and a programmable control module (1), the input terminal V of the power circuit module in This refers to the power input terminal of the DC-DC step-down system and the output terminal V of the power circuit module. out That is, the power output terminal of the DC-DC step-down system, the input terminal of the programmable control module (1) is connected to the output terminal of the power circuit module, and the output terminal of the programmable control module (1) is connected to the input terminal of the power circuit module; The power circuit module includes a power switch Q, a freewheeling diode D, an inductor L, a capacitor C, and a load resistor R. L One end of the freewheeling diode D is connected to the power input terminal of the DC-DC buck system via the power switch Q. One end of the inductor L is connected to the power switch Q, and the other end is connected to the power output terminal of the DC-DC buck system. The capacitor C and the load resistor R... L One end of each diode is connected to the power output terminal of the DC-DC buck system, and the other end of the freewheeling diode D, the other end of the capacitor C, and the load resistor R are connected to the other end of the freewheeling diode D. L The other end of each is grounded; The programmable control module (1) includes a real-time monitoring feedback module (3), an adaptive differential voltage optimization module (4), and a front-end input voltage regulation module (2); the input terminal of the real-time monitoring feedback module (3) is the input terminal of the programmable control module (1), the output terminal of the real-time monitoring feedback module (3) is connected to the input terminal of the adaptive differential voltage optimization module (4), the output terminal of the adaptive differential voltage optimization module (4) is connected to the input terminal of the front-end voltage regulation module, and the output terminal of the front-end input voltage regulation module (2) is connected to the input terminal of the power circuit module. The real-time monitoring feedback module (3) is used to monitor in real time and simultaneously transmit the load voltage V to the adaptive differential pressure optimization module (4) in real time. out and load current I out The adaptive differential voltage optimization module (4) is used to calculate the optimal input voltage value based on the received load voltage and load current signals, and output the control signal to the front-end input voltage adjustment module (2). The front-end input voltage real-time adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the input voltage in real time according to the control command.

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