Carrier plate for carrying perovskite glass substrates

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of semiconductor device, especially relates to fragile material conveying equipment, concretely relates to the carrier plate for bearing perovskite glass substrate. The utility model carrier plate configuration is the glass substrate that bears substrate transfer subassembly transports, and the carrier plate includes the plate body and the lifting hook groove, and substrate transfer subassembly includes the lifting hook, wherein, the lifting hook groove is configured in the plate body side end. The utility model discloses the setting of the lifting hook groove of carrier plate side end can cooperate with the lifting hook of substrate transfer subassembly, realizes the lifting transfer from the bottom edge of glass substrate, need not contact with the upper surface of substrate, effectively prevents scratching, and the integrity of perovskite solar cell conductive layer is protected. In addition, the utility model carrier plate top surface is equipped with substrate groove, can accommodate glass substrate, provides smooth, stable support plane and accurate positioning reference, combines the automatic control of transfer subassembly, ensures that substrate is accurate in position in the transfer and transportation process, reduces the risk of deviation or breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of semiconductor device technology, and in particular relates to fragile material conveying equipment, specifically to a carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a new generation of thin-film solar cell technology, boasting extremely high efficiency improvement rates and immense application potential. For rigid perovskite solar cells (as opposed to flexible cells), glass is the most mainstream and highest-performing substrate choice because it is inherently a dense inorganic material with extremely high hermeticity. Furthermore, glass exhibits extremely high transmittance (typically >90%) in the visible light range (the main absorption band of perovskite), ensuring that the vast majority of sunlight passes through smoothly and is absorbed by the internal perovskite layer, thereby generating electricity.

[0003] However, the fragility of glass substrates is their most obvious drawback. There is a risk of breakage throughout the entire manufacturing chain and during subsequent component installation, transportation, and use; once broken, the entire device fails. This not only leads to a decrease in yield but also increases production costs and complexity.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a robotic arm positioning device that uses a central controller to control the robotic arm to grip a substrate from a conveyor belt and then place the substrate into a grid on a carrier plate. However, in this application, the carrier plate is completely in contact with the lower surface of the substrate placed in its grid. This means that to place the substrate in the carrier plate using the gripping components, interaction (e.g., suction cup adsorption) with the upper surface of the substrate is required. Consequently, when this carrier plate is used for transporting glass substrates, the upper surface of the glass substrate is easily scratched upon contact with the gripping components. Even minor scratches can damage the integrity of the conductive layer, leading to increased series resistance or uneven local conductivity, ultimately reducing battery performance and lifespan.

[0005] Patent Document 1: Chinese invention patent with publication number CN102554924A and publication date of 2012-07-11. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates. This carrier plate enables the glass substrate to be transferred to the carrier plate without direct contact with the upper surface of the glass substrate during the transfer process through a specially designed transfer component, thus protecting the integrity of the easily scratched glass substrate.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is: a carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates, configured to support glass substrates transported by a substrate transfer assembly, the carrier plate including a plate body and a lifting hook groove; the substrate transfer assembly including a lifting hook; wherein, the lifting hook groove is disposed on the side end of the plate body.

[0008] A further preferred technical solution is that the carrier plate also includes a substrate groove; wherein the substrate groove is disposed on the top surface of the plate and is used to accommodate a glass substrate.

[0009] A further preferred technical solution is that the substrate transfer assembly further includes a substrate longitudinal moving component, a substrate vertical moving component, and a clamping component; wherein, the substrate vertical moving component is configured to move longitudinally along the substrate longitudinal moving component, and the clamping component is used to clamp the glass substrate.

[0010] A further preferred technical solution is that the clamping component includes a clamping rod, a lifting hook, a mounting beam, and a telescopic component; wherein, the lifting hook is disposed at the end of the clamping rod, the telescopic component is disposed at the end of the mounting beam, the clamping rod is disposed at the telescopic end of the telescopic component, and the lifting hook is used to abut against the bottom edge of the glass substrate and move the glass substrate in the vertical direction.

[0011] A further preferred technical solution is that the lifting hook groove allows the lifting hook to pass through in a vertical direction.

[0012] A further preferred technical solution is that the telescopic component is a compact cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution is that the carrier boards are stacked together by a carrier board stacking assembly, which includes a stacking rack, the longitudinal width and the transverse width of the stacking rack being greater than the longitudinal width and the transverse width of the carrier board, respectively.

[0014] A further preferred technical solution is that the carrier plate stacking assembly also includes a mounting frame; wherein the mounting frame is used to install the stacking frame.

[0015] In summary, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. This utility model, through the setting of the lifting hook groove on the side end of the carrier plate, can cooperate with the lifting hook of the substrate transfer assembly to realize the lifting and transfer from the bottom edge of the glass substrate without contacting the upper surface of the substrate, effectively preventing scratches, protecting the integrity of the conductive layer of the perovskite solar cell, reducing the risk of increased series resistance or uneven local conductivity, thereby improving the performance and life of the battery and significantly improving the production yield.

[0017] 2. The top surface of the carrier plate of this utility model is provided with a substrate groove, which can accommodate glass substrates, providing a flat and stable support plane and a precise positioning reference. Combined with the automated control of the transfer assembly, it ensures that the substrate is accurately positioned during transfer and transportation, reducing the risk of displacement or breakage.

[0018] 3. The carrier plates of this utility model can be stacked and stored through the carrier plate stacking assembly. The size of the stacking rack is larger than the carrier plate, which facilitates the unified management and retrieval of multiple carrier plates, optimizes space utilization, and is suitable for large-scale production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall perovskite glass substrate feeding equipment.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the glass substrate abutting against the longitudinal limiting component.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the loading carrier assembly.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the loading carrier assembly viewed from the side of the adjustment component.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the substrate transfer assembly.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the substrate transfer assembly viewed from the side of the clamping member.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carrier plate for supporting the glass substrate.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the carrier board stacking assembly.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the carrier plate moving assembly.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the carrier plate abutting against the longitudinal limiting component.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the tongue component.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the tongue assembly viewed from one side of the tongue component.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the leveling component.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the transport component.

[0035] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the workflow of a perovskite glass substrate feeding device.

[0036] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows:

[0037] 1. Glass substrate; 2. Frame; 3. Carrier plate; 3.1. Plate body; 3.2. Substrate groove; 3.3. Lifting hook groove;

[0038] The loading carrier plate assembly 4 includes a first lateral limiting assembly 4.1, a longitudinal limiting assembly 4.2, and a loading conveyor belt 4.3; a lateral guide rail 4.1.1, a guide rail seat 4.1.2, a lifting seat 4.1.3, an adjusting component 4.1.4, a lateral clamping plate 4.1.5, and a lateral clamping column 4.1.6; a top hole 4.1.4.1, a side end groove 4.1.4.2; and a connecting groove 4.1.5.1; a substrate transfer assembly 5 includes a substrate longitudinal moving component 5.1, a substrate vertical moving component 5.2, and a clamping component 5.3; a clamping rod 5.3.1, a lifting hook 5.3.2, a mounting beam 5.3.3, and a telescopic component 5.3.4; and a carrier plate moving assembly 6 includes a carrier plate lateral moving component 6.1, a carrier plate vertical moving component 6.2, and a carrier plate vertical moving component 6.3.4. 6.2 Moving component; 6.3 Carrier plate gripper; 7 Assembly and feeding assembly; 7.1 Bidirectional conveyor; 7.2 Second lateral limiting assembly; 8 Tongue assembly; 8.1 First movable wheel; 8.2 Second movable wheel; 8.3 First fixed wheel; 8.4 Second fixed wheel group; 8.5 Elastic conveyor belt; 8.6 Tongue component; 8.7 Fixing component; 8.6.1 Tongue plate; 8.6.2 Longitudinal displacement component; 9 Carrier; 9.1 Frame; 9.2 Carrier vertical displacement component; 9.3 Auxiliary groove; 9.4 Leveling assembly; 10 Push plate; 10.1 Push plate longitudinal displacement component; 10.3 Fixing frame; 11 Handling assembly; 12 Carrier plate stacking assembly; 12.1 Stacking rack; 12.2 Mounting rack. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Based on the problems existing in glass substrates described in the background technology, this embodiment mainly uses a "carrier plate" as the component to support the glass substrate, thereby reducing the probability of breakage and scratches during the transport of the glass substrate. The core function of the carrier plate is to act as a lightweight, high-precision, and highly stable "support component," providing a flat and stable support plane and a precise positioning reference for each individual glass substrate. This ensures that the glass substrate is easily positioned during subsequent handling, and the positioning process does not directly contact the glass substrate, which is the foundation for improving "yield." As a "dedicated transport carrier" for the glass substrate, the carrier plate moves with the glass substrate between various transport components of the equipment, such as loading, handling, and tongue component transport. This method avoids direct gripping by the robotic arm or frequent contact of the suction cup with the fragile glass surface.

[0040] Furthermore, in the cutting-edge manufacturing of perovskite solar cells, which is extremely sensitive to precision and the environment, carbon fiber is generally chosen over traditional metals as the carrier material because carbon fiber has an extremely low density, about one-quarter that of steel and half that of aluminum, but higher strength and modulus. The lightweight carrier allows transport equipment to operate at higher speeds and accelerations, shortening cycle time and directly increasing output per unit time. Its light weight also facilitates operation during manual or automated intervention, reducing the risk of workplace injuries.

[0041] Reference Appendix Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a device for loading and unloading glass substrates 1. For ease of understanding, the different positions of multiple glass substrates 1, carrier plates 3, and carriers 9 on the frame 2 shown in the diagram do not represent the simultaneous presence of multiple glass substrates 1 within the frame 2. The core of the device's operation is the horizontal placement of the glass substrates 1. Automated components enable loading, carrier plate loading, transmission, and handling, ultimately delivering the carrier plate 3 containing the glass substrates 1 to the carrier 9 and then to subsequent process equipment (not shown in the diagram).

[0042] The present invention will be specifically illustrated below with reference to embodiments:

[0043] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present utility model, they are protected by patent law.

[0044] Example 1: Perovskite glass substrate loading carrier assembly

[0045] refer to Figure 2 The loading carrier assembly 4 includes a first transverse limiting assembly 4.1, a longitudinal limiting assembly 4.2, and a loading conveyor belt 4.3; wherein, at least two sets of the first transverse limiting assembly 4.1 are provided, respectively located on both sides of the loading conveyor belt 4.3 in the transverse direction and configured symmetrically along the longitudinal central axis of the loading conveyor belt 4.3; at least two sets of the longitudinal limiting assembly 4.2 are provided, and the sides of multiple sets of longitudinal limiting assemblies 4.2 near the glass substrate 1 are on the same horizontal plane.

[0046] In this embodiment, the glass substrate 1 moves longitudinally along the feeding conveyor belt 4.3, with the lateral direction referring to the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction on the horizontal plane. When the glass substrate 1 moves to the longitudinal limiting component 4.2, it is stopped by the longitudinal limiting component 4.2. Subsequently, the first lateral limiting component 4.1 moves laterally towards the glass substrate 1. Since the glass substrate 1 is on the feeding conveyor belt 4.3, its horizontal height remains unchanged. Therefore, under the limiting of the first lateral limiting component 4.1 and the longitudinal limiting component 4.2, the position of the glass substrate 1 in three-dimensional space is uniquely determined, facilitating subsequent transfer of the glass substrate 1 whose three-dimensional spatial position has been determined. In this embodiment, the longitudinal limiting component 4.2 is configured as two rectangular pillars with the highest point higher than the glass substrate 1, and the sides of the two rectangular pillars closest to the glass substrate 1 are on the same vertical plane. In this embodiment, two feeding conveyor belts 4.3 are configured, and the top surfaces of the two feeding conveyor belts 4.3 are located in the same horizontal plane to support the glass substrate 1 in a horizontal state as it moves forward.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first lateral limiting component 4.1 includes a lateral guide rail 4.1.1, a guide rail seat 4.1.2, a lifting seat 4.1.3, a lateral clamping plate 4.1.5, and a lateral clamping post 4.1.6; wherein, the guide rail seat 4.1.2 is configured to move laterally along the lateral guide rail 4.1.1, the lifting seat 4.1.3 is configured to be connected to the guide rail seat 4.1.2, the lateral clamping plate 4.1.5 is configured to be connected to the lifting seat 4.1.3, and the lateral clamping post 4.1.6 is configured to be connected to the lateral clamping plate 4.1.5 and at least partially intersects the glass substrate 1 in the horizontal direction. The transverse guide rail 4.1.1 is one or a group of precision-machined linear guide rails, usually securely mounted on the equipment frame or base. Its direction is transverse. The transverse guide rail 4.1.1 has high-precision ball or roller bearing tracks on its sides, ensuring that the guide rail seat 4.1.2 mounted on it can only move in a strictly transverse linear direction, without any offset or torsion. The guide rail seat 4.1.2 is a slider or movable seat that matches the transverse guide rail 4.1.1. It contains a receiving component that matches the transverse guide rail 4.1.1, allowing it to precisely engage with and slide along the transverse guide rail 4.1.1. The guide rail seat usually has mounting holes for connecting other components, such as the lifting seat 4.1.3. The lifting seat 4.1.3 is a vertical structural component connected to the guide rail seat 4.1.2, used to raise the transverse clamping plate 4.1.5 to the height of the glass substrate 1. The transverse clamping plate 4.1.5 is a plate-shaped structural component connected to the lifting seat 4.1.3. It serves as the mounting base for the transverse clamping post 4.1.6 and must possess sufficient rigidity and strength to ensure it does not deform during clamping. The transverse clamping post 4.1.6 is the component that directly contacts the glass substrate 1. It is mounted on the transverse clamping plate 4.1.5. The extended portion of the transverse clamping post 4.1.6 overlaps with the edge area of ​​the glass substrate 1 in its horizontal projection. Its contact end can be wrapped or made of a flexible material (such as polyurethane, POM, rubber, etc.) to avoid rigid impacts and scratches on the glass substrate 1.

[0048] Furthermore, the lifting seat 4.1.3 and the transverse clamping plate 4.1.5 are connected by an adjusting member 4.1.4, which has a top hole 4.1.4.1 and a side end groove 4.1.4.2; the lifting seat 4.1.3 has a connecting hole for connecting the side end groove 4.1.4.2, and the transverse clamping plate 4.1.5 has a connecting groove 4.1.5.1 for connecting the top hole 4.1.4.1. (Reference) Figure 4The adjusting component 4.1.4 is L-shaped, with a top horizontal plate and a vertical plate set on the top horizontal plate. The top hole 4.1.4.1 is set on the top horizontal plate, and the side groove 4.1.4.2 is set on the vertical plate. The connection between the top hole 4.1.4.1 and the connecting groove 4.1.5.1, and the connection between the side groove 4.1.4.2 and the connecting hole, can be made detachable, for example, by a combination of bolts and nuts. By adjusting the connection points of the connection structure on the side groove 4.1.4.2 and the connecting groove 4.1.5.1, the height of the transverse clamping column 4.1.6 and its distance from the glass substrate 1 can be adjusted, so as to adjust the actual position according to the position and size of the glass substrate 1.

[0049] refer to Figure 5 The diagram shows a schematic of the substrate transfer assembly 5. The substrate transfer assembly 5 includes a substrate longitudinal moving member 5.1, a substrate vertical moving member 5.2, and a clamping member 5.3. The substrate vertical moving member 5.2 is configured to move longitudinally along the substrate longitudinal moving member 5.1, and the clamping member 5.3 is configured to move vertically along the substrate vertical moving member 5.2. The clamping member 5.3 is used to clamp the glass substrate 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the substrate longitudinal moving component 5.1 is a precision mechanical platform providing longitudinal linear motion. Specifically, the substrate longitudinal moving component 5.1 is one or a set of robust and precision-machined linear guides, rigidly mounted on the equipment frame and extending longitudinally. It is typically powered by a servo motor or stepper motor, in conjunction with a ball screw or synchronous belt, to drive the slider / moving platform to perform high-precision, programmable linear motion. The slider / moving platform moves along the guides, and the substrate vertical moving component 5.2 is mounted on them. The substrate vertical moving component 5.2 is configured as an actuator providing vertical linear motion, and its displacement method can refer to that of the substrate longitudinal moving component 5.1. This embodiment does not further limit the specific movement methods of the substrate longitudinal moving component 5.1 and the substrate vertical moving component 5.2.

[0051] refer to Figure 6 The clamping component 5.3 includes a clamping rod 5.3.1, a lifting hook 5.3.2, a mounting beam 5.3.3, and a telescopic component 5.3.4; wherein, the lifting hook 5.3.2 is disposed at the end of the clamping rod 5.3.1, the telescopic component 5.3.4 is disposed at the end of the mounting beam 5.3.3, the clamping rod 5.3.1 is disposed at the telescopic end of the telescopic component 5.3.4, and the lifting hook 5.3.2 is used to abut against the bottom edge of the glass substrate 1 and move the glass substrate 1 in the vertical direction.

[0052] In this embodiment, the telescopic member 5.3.4 is a drive unit that provides lateral linear motion. It is fixed to the end of the mounting beam 5.3.3 and can be provided with a short-stroke, high-precision linear reciprocating motion by a compact pneumatic or electric cylinder. The housing is fixed to the mounting beam 5.3.3. The telescopic push rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the clamping rod 5.3.1. The push rod extends or retracts under the drive of air pressure or electrical signal, driving the clamping rod 5.3.1 and the lifting hook 5.3.2 to perform lateral "approaching" and "moving away" movements. The lifting hook 5.3.2 is the only part that comes into contact with the glass substrate 1. It is usually an L-shaped hook that is installed on both ends of the clamping rod 5.3.1. The part of the lifting hook 5.3.2 that contacts the glass substrate 1 is made of or wrapped with a flexible scratch-resistant material (such as POM, Teflon, engineering rubber or wrapped with soft silicone), so that it "lifts" rather than "clamps" the glass substrate 1. This achieves the purpose of "not directly contacting the upper surface of the glass substrate during the positioning process", which is a manifestation of protecting the fragile and easily scratched glass substrate and improving the production yield.

[0053] refer to Figure 9 The specific structure of the carrier plate moving assembly 6 is shown. The carrier plate moving assembly 6 includes a carrier plate lateral moving component 6.1, a carrier plate vertical moving component 6.2, and a carrier plate gripping component 6.3. The carrier plate vertical moving component 6.2 is configured to move laterally along the carrier plate lateral moving component 6.1, and the carrier plate gripping component 6.3 is configured to move vertically along the carrier plate vertical moving component 6.2. The carrier plate gripping component 6.3 is used to grip the carrier plate 3. In this embodiment, the carrier plate gripping component 6.3 uses a suction cup to pick up the upper surface of the carrier plate 3, and then places the carrier plate 3 in a designated position by canceling the suction, so that the subsequent lifting hook 5.3.2 corresponds to the position of the lifting hook groove 3.3.

[0054] refer to Figure 10The specific structure of the assembly and feeding component 7 is shown. The assembly and feeding component 7 includes a bidirectional conveyor 7.1 and a second lateral limiting component 7.2; wherein at least two sets of the second lateral limiting component 7.2 are provided, respectively located on both sides of the bidirectional conveyor 7.1 along the lateral direction and configured symmetrically along the longitudinal central axis of the bidirectional conveyor 7.1; the sides of multiple sets of longitudinal limiting components 4.2 near the carrier plate 3 are on the same horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the structure of the bidirectional conveyor 7.1 is basically the same as that of the feeding conveyor belt 4.3, the difference being that the bidirectional conveyor 7.1 can switch back and forth along the longitudinal direction. The structure of the second lateral limiting component 7.2 is the same as that of the first lateral limiting component 4.1, and the second lateral limiting component 7.2 and the first lateral limiting component 4.1 are respectively provided on both sides of the longitudinal limiting component 4.2. In use, the carrier plate gripper 6.3 places the carrier plate 3 on the bidirectional conveyor 7.1, which moves towards the longitudinal limiting component 4.2, causing the edge of the carrier plate 3 near the longitudinal limiting component 4.2 to abut against it. Then, the clamping member 5.3 grips the glass substrate 1 and moves it directly above the carrier plate 3. After placement, the bidirectional conveyor 7.1 moves away from the longitudinal limiting component 4.2, moving the carrier plate 3 away from it and conveying it to the next component, such as a perovskite glass substrate loading carrier, to facilitate subsequent processing of the glass substrate 1.

[0055] Example 2: Carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrate

[0056] In this embodiment, reference Figure 7The carrier plate 3 includes a plate body 3.1, a substrate groove 3.2, and a lifting hook groove 3.3. The substrate groove 3.2 is located on the top surface of the plate body 3.1 and is used to accommodate the glass substrate 1. The lifting hook groove 3.3 is located on the side of the plate body 3.1 and allows the lifting hook 5.3.2 to pass vertically. The plate body 3.1 is the main body and basic frame of the carrier plate 3. It is a plate-like object with considerable thickness, rigidity, and flatness, typically made of lightweight, high-strength, and non-deformable materials, such as carbon fiber composites. It supports the weight of the glass substrate 1 and provides a protective frame for it. The substrate groove 3.2 is a recessed area precisely machined into the top surface of the plate body 3.1. Its opening profile matches the shape of the glass substrate 1, but its size is slightly larger to facilitate the installation of the glass substrate 1 within it. The lifting hook groove 3.3 is a vertical slot opened on the side end of the plate 3.1. Its position corresponds to the lateral position of the lifting hook 5.3.2 on the clamping member 5.3. The width of the lifting hook groove 3.3 is slightly larger than the thickness of the lifting hook 5.3.2, providing the necessary movement clearance. When the clamping member 5.3 grasps the glass substrate 1 and moves it to directly above the plate 3.1, the position of the lifting hook 5.3.2 is exactly aligned with the lifting hook groove 3.3. The substrate vertical moving member 5.2 drives the glass substrate 1 to move down into the substrate groove 3.2. The lifting hook 5.3.2 carries the glass substrate 1 through the "channel" of the lifting hook groove 3.3 and moves vertically downward, finally placing the glass substrate 1 smoothly into the substrate groove 3.2.

[0057] refer to Figure 8 The carrier plate stacking assembly 12 allows multiple carrier plates 3 to be stacked together for easy access. The carrier plate stacking assembly 12 includes a stacking rack 12.1, the longitudinal and transverse widths of which are greater than the longitudinal and transverse widths of the carrier plates 3, respectively. Multiple carrier plates 3 are placed on the stacking rack 12.1 in a stacked manner.

[0058] Furthermore, the carrier stacking assembly 12 also includes a mounting bracket 12.2; wherein the mounting bracket 12.2 is configured on the frame 2 and is used to mount the stacking bracket 12.1.

[0059] Example 3: Perovskite glass substrate loading carrier and tongue assembly

[0060] In this embodiment, reference Figure 11The tongue assembly 8 includes a first movable wheel 8.1, a second movable wheel 8.2, a first fixed wheel 8.3, a second fixed wheel group 8.4, an elastic conveyor belt 8.5, a tongue member 8.6, and a fixing member 8.7. The first movable wheel 8.1 and the second movable wheel 8.2 are disposed on the tongue member 8.6, and the first fixed wheel 8.3 and the second fixed wheel group 8.4 are disposed on the fixing member 8.7. The first movable wheel 8.1 is closer to the second fixed wheel group 8.4 than the second movable wheel 8.2. The first fixed wheel 8.3 is positioned between the first movable wheel 8.1 and the second movable wheel 8.2 in the longitudinal direction, and the first movable wheel 8.1 is positioned between the first fixed wheel 8.3 and the second fixed wheel group 8.4 in the longitudinal direction. The elastic conveyor belt 8.5 is configured as an end-to-end loop that sequentially passes around the first movable wheel 8.1, the second movable wheel 8.2, the second fixed wheel group 8.4, and the first fixed wheel 8.3. The tongue member 8.6 is configured such that its end can move relative to the fixing member 8.7 in the longitudinal direction. When the carrier plate 3 carrying the glass substrate 1 is transported to the tongue assembly 8, it is first transported to the elastic conveyor belt 8.5 set between the second movable wheel 8.2 and the second fixed wheel set 8.4. The second fixed wheel set 8.4 can drive the elastic conveyor belt 8.5 to rotate. The rotation of the elastic conveyor belt 8.5 drives the carrier plate 3 carrying the glass substrate 1 to the upper end of the tongue 8.6. The tongue 8.6 can move longitudinally to facilitate the transportation of the carrier plate 3 carrying the glass substrate 1.

[0061] Furthermore, the tongue assembly 8 can typically serve directly as the bidirectional conveyor 7.1. In a preferred embodiment, the bidirectional conveyor 7.1 can be separately positioned between the tongue assembly 8 and the longitudinal limiting assembly 4.2 to extend the transmission distance.

[0062] Further reference Figure 12 The tongue component 8.6 includes a tongue plate 8.6.1 and a longitudinal displacement component 8.6.2; wherein the tongue plate 8.6.1 is disposed at the movable end of the longitudinal displacement component 8.6.2, and the fixed end of the longitudinal displacement component 8.6.2 is disposed on the fixing component 8.7. In this embodiment, the longitudinal displacement component 8.6.2 is a magnetically coupled cylinder, model RMT16X450SA, to realize the function of driving the tongue plate 8.6.1 to move longitudinally. The longitudinal displacement component 8.6.2 can also be any component in the prior art that can drive the tongue plate 8.6.1 to move longitudinally, and this embodiment does not impose further limitations.

[0063] Further reference Figure 13It also includes a carrier 9 for mounting multiple load glass substrates 1 on a carrier plate 3. The carrier 9 includes a frame 9.1, a support block 9.2, and a carrier vertical displacement member 9.3. The frame 9.1 is mounted on the carrier vertical displacement member 9.3 and is configured to move vertically along the carrier vertical displacement member 9.3. The support block 9.2 is located on the inner side of the frame 9.1 and is located on both sides of the inner side of the frame 9.1. Multiple support blocks 9.2 are provided and correspond to each other on both sides of the inner side of the frame 9.1. The top surfaces of two corresponding support blocks 9.2 are on the same horizontal plane. The lateral distance between two corresponding support blocks 9.2 is greater than the lateral width of the tongue plate 8.6.1. In this embodiment, the specific steps for the tongue member 8.6 to transfer the carrier plate 3 of the load glass substrate 1 to the carrier 9 are as follows: the height of the frame 9.1 is adjusted by the vertical displacement member 9.3 of the carrier so that the top surface of the two uppermost corresponding support blocks 9.2 is on the same plane as the bottom surface of the carrier plate 3 of the load glass substrate 1. Then, the tongue plate 8.6.1 is driven to extend into the frame 9.1 so that the carrier plate 3 of the load glass substrate 1 is inserted on the top surface of the two uppermost corresponding support blocks 9.2. Then, the height of the frame 9.1 is adjusted upward by the vertical displacement member 9.3 of the carrier so that the carrier plate 3 of the load glass substrate 1 is separated from the tongue plate 8.6.1. Finally, the tongue plate 8.6.1 is driven to be pulled out from the frame 9.1, completing one workflow of installing the carrier plate 3 of the load glass substrate 1 into the carrier. Furthermore, if it is necessary to continuously install multiple load glass substrates 1 onto the carrier, the height of the frame 9.1 can be adjusted upward by the vertical displacement component 9.3 of the carrier so that when the load glass substrate 1 carrier plate 3 is separated from the tongue plate 8.6.1, the top surface of the two corresponding support blocks 9.2 on the lower side of the load glass substrate 1 carrier plate 3 is adjusted to be on the same plane as the bottom surface of the next load glass substrate 1 carrier plate 3 to be installed. Then, the next installation can be completed by another tongue plate 8.6.1 insertion-extraction action.

[0064] Further reference Figure 14The system also includes a leveling assembly 10 for leveling the carrier plates 3 of multiple load glass substrates 1 that have been installed into the carrier 9. The leveling assembly 10 includes a push plate 10.1, a push plate longitudinal displacement member 10.2, and a fixing frame 10.3. The push plate 10.1 is disposed at the movable end of the push plate longitudinal displacement member 10.2 and configured to move longitudinally, while the fixed end of the push plate longitudinal displacement member 10.2 is disposed on the fixing frame 10.3. In this embodiment, the method by which the push plate 10.1 is used to level the carrier plates 3 of multiple load glass substrates 1 that have been installed into the carrier 9 is as follows: the push plate 10.1 is pushed inward into the frame 9.1 by the push plate longitudinal displacement member 10.2, so that the outer end faces of the carrier plates 3 of multiple load glass substrates 1 are located on the same vertical plane, facilitating the subsequent removal of the carrier plates 3. The vertical height of the push plate 10.1 is greater than the total height of the carrier plates 3 of multiple load glass substrates 1. The push plate 10.1 is made of a flexible material to avoid damaging the carrier plate 3 that supports the glass substrate 1.

[0065] Further, refer again Figure 13 , 14 The carrier 9 also includes an auxiliary groove 9.4 disposed on the frame 9.1. The auxiliary groove 9.4 is configured to be close to the push plate 10.1 and its lateral width is greater than that of the push plate 10.1. The push plate 10.1 is located within the lateral range formed by the auxiliary groove 9.4. The fact that the push plate 10.1 is located within the lateral range formed by the auxiliary groove 9.4 can be understood as follows: when the push plate 10.1 is pushed inwards towards the frame 9.1, it can be precisely engaged in the auxiliary groove 9.4, thus preventing obstruction from the edge of the frame 9.1 during the pushing process.

[0066] Further reference Figure 15 It also includes a transport assembly 11 for clamping the carrier 9 and moving the carrier 9 longitudinally. The function of the transport assembly 11 is to transfer the carrier plates 3 carrying multiple glass substrates 1 to the next working location via the carrier 9 for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells.

[0067] Example 4: Workflow of each component

[0068] In this embodiment, the core objective of the entire operation of the assembly for transferring the glass substrate 1, as shown in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, is to safely and accurately transfer the fragile glass substrate 1 to a dedicated protective carrier plate 3, stack multiple "carrier plate-substrate" combination units into a carrier 9, and finally transport the entire assembly to the next process equipment. Its operation is as follows: Figure 16 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0069] Glass substrate 1 is placed onto the feeding conveyor belt 4.3 manually or by automated equipment. The feeding conveyor belt 4.3 starts, transporting glass substrate 1 longitudinally. When glass substrate 1 reaches the position of the longitudinal limiting component 4.2, its edge contacts the limiting block, thus stopping its movement. Subsequently, the first transverse limiting component 4.1 begins to operate, its guide rail seat 4.1.2 moves along the transverse guide rail 4.1.1, causing the transverse clamping columns 4.1.6, which are filled with flexible material, to move towards the glass substrate 1 from both sides, gently clamping the glass substrate 1. At this point, the position of glass substrate 1 in three dimensions is completely determined.

[0070] The substrate transfer assembly 5 moves above the loading station. The longitudinal substrate moving component 5.1 and the vertical substrate moving component 5.2 work together to position the clamping component 5.3 directly above the glass substrate. The telescopic component 5.3.4 pushes the clamping rod 5.3.1 laterally, causing the lifting hook 5.3.2 to move below the edge of the glass substrate 1. The vertical moving component 5.2 descends slightly, allowing the lifting hook 5.3.2 to submerge into the bottom of the glass substrate 1. Subsequently, the vertical moving component 5.2 rises, and the lifting hook lifts the glass substrate 1 from below.

[0071] Simultaneously, the carrier plate moving assembly 6 uses the carrier plate gripper 6.3 to pick up the topmost carrier plate from the stacked blank carrier plates 3 and places it onto the bidirectional conveyor 7.1 of the assembly loading assembly 7. The bidirectional conveyor 7.1 moves forward, conveying the carrier plate 3 to its longitudinal limiting assembly 4.2 and stopping there. The second lateral limiting assembly 7.2 approaches from both sides to laterally position the carrier plate, ensuring the accurate positioning of the substrate groove 3.2 and the lifting hook groove 3.3 on it.

[0072] The transfer assembly 5, holding the glass substrate 1, moves to a position directly above the pre-positioned carrier plate 3. The vertical moving part 5.2 of the transfer assembly 5 descends, and the lifting hook 5.3.2 moves downward through the lifting hook groove 3.3 on the side of the carrier plate, ultimately placing the glass substrate precisely into the substrate groove 3.2 of the carrier plate. The telescopic part 5.3.4 moves the lifting hook laterally out, disengaging it from the glass substrate 1 and the lifting hook groove 3.3. The transfer assembly rises, returning to its standby position. The bidirectional conveyor 7.1 reverses its direction, delivering the carrier plate 3 carrying the glass substrate 1 out of the assembly station.

[0073] The delivered load plate 3 is transferred to the tongue assembly 8. Its elastic conveyor belt 8.5 rotates under the drive of a motor, transferring the load plate onto the tongue plate 8.6.1. The carrier 9 adjusts its height via the carrier vertical displacement member 9.3, making the top surface of the currently vacant support block 9.2 flush with the upper surface of the tongue plate 8.6.1. The longitudinal displacement member 8.6.2 pushes the tongue plate 8.6.1 outward, smoothly delivering the load plate 3 onto it into the carrier frame 9.1 and placing it on the two corresponding rows of support blocks 9.2. The carrier frame 9.1 rises, causing the load plate 3 to detach from the tongue plate 8.6.1, and the tongue plate 8.6.1 returns to its original position, ready to receive the next load plate 3.

[0074] After the load carrier 3 is fully loaded into the carrier 9, the pusher 10.1 of the leveling component 10 will be driven forward by the longitudinal displacement component 10.2 to push all the carrier 3 into the inner side of the frame, ensuring neat stacking and facilitating subsequent operations. The transport component 11 will clamp the entire carrier 9 and transport it to the feed port of the next process equipment for subsequent perovskite cell manufacturing steps.

[0075] The above process significantly reduces direct contact between robotic arms, suction cups, and the glass substrate surface. By using carrier plates and bottom lifting, the risk of breakage and scratches is significantly reduced. Multiple components can work in parallel, shortening cycle time, and the automated process reduces human intervention. Multiple limiting components and precise motion modules ensure positioning accuracy between the glass substrate and the carrier plate, and between the carrier plate and the carrier, which is the foundation for subsequent high-quality manufacturing. Finally, standardized carriers are used for material handling, seamlessly integrating with subsequent production lines, achieving modularization and automation of the manufacturing process.

[0076] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "front," and "rear," etc., mentioned in the embodiments of this utility model indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. It should be further noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "install," "connect," "join," and "fix" in the description should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates, configured to support glass substrates transported by a substrate transfer assembly, characterized in that, The carrier plate includes a plate body and a lifting hook groove; the substrate transfer assembly includes a lifting hook; wherein the lifting hook groove is disposed on the side end of the plate body.

2. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carrier plate further includes a substrate groove; wherein the substrate groove is disposed on the top surface of the plate and is used to accommodate the glass substrate.

3. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate transfer assembly further includes a substrate longitudinal moving component, a substrate vertical moving component, and a clamping component; wherein, the substrate vertical moving component is configured to move longitudinally along the substrate longitudinal moving component, and the clamping component is used to clamp the glass substrate.

4. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping component includes a clamping rod, a lifting hook, a mounting beam, and a telescopic component; wherein, the lifting hook is disposed at the end of the clamping rod, the telescopic component is disposed at the end of the mounting beam, the clamping rod is disposed at the telescopic end of the telescopic component, and the lifting hook is used to abut against the bottom edge of the glass substrate and move the glass substrate in a vertical direction.

5. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting hook groove allows the lifting hook to pass through in a vertical direction.

6. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The telescopic component is a compact cylinder or electric cylinder.

7. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plates are stacked together by a carrier plate stacking assembly, which includes a stacking rack, the longitudinal width and the transverse width of the stacking rack being greater than the longitudinal width and the transverse width of the carrier plate, respectively.

8. The carrier plate for supporting perovskite glass substrates according to claim 7, characterized in that, The carrier plate stacking assembly further includes a mounting bracket; wherein the mounting bracket is used to mount the stacking rack.

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