Study on the physiological and ecological characteristics of bivalves with channel disasterous epiphytic algae

Abstract

The utility model discloses a test device that researches the physiological ecology characteristic of channel disastrous periphytic algae and shellfish, and the test device includes circulating water tank system, multi -environment factor coupling control system and in -situ monitoring system, circulating water tank system, it includes water tank, and the partition that length is less than water tank length is set up in water tank along water tank length direction, and forms first area and second area respectively at the both sides of partition, and imitates channel side slope in the at least one side of first area, multi -environment factor coupling control system, it is used to carry out the regulation and control to one or more environmental factors of water body in water tank, in -situ monitoring system, it is used to adopt AI behavior tracking camera to gather the growth condition image and / or the activity condition image of algae in first area, the utility model discloses more truly simulate the environment of periphytic algae and shellfish, utilize in -situ monitoring system real -time capture image data, and realize the accurate research of algal physiological ecology characteristic through the analysis image data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biofouling prevention and control technology in water conservancy projects, specifically to an experimental device for studying the physiological and ecological characteristics of hazardous algae and mollusks attached to channels. Background Technology

[0002] With the implementation of inter-basin water transfer projects in my country, biofouling, represented by destructive green algae and freshwater shellfish, has become an urgent ecological and engineering problem to be solved in water conveyance channels. These organisms attach and reproduce in large numbers in water conveyance channels, causing blockages and reducing water conveyance efficiency; their attachment corrodes the pipe walls, posing a serious threat to the structural safety of water conservancy projects; and the organic matter released when they detach or die can also affect water quality. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the physiological ecology of destructive algae and shellfish in channels to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of biofouling in water conservancy projects.

[0003] Currently, research on the physiological ecology of disastrous algae and shellfish in channels mainly focuses on field monitoring, while some indoor studies have also been conducted, and related devices have been invented. For example, patent publication number CN106508659A discloses a method and device for rapid cultivation of Cladosporium, and patent publication number CN117546803A discloses an indoor cultivation system and method for freshwater shellfish. However, these patents all use traditional cultivation ponds / glass containers, which cannot realistically simulate the environment of algae and shellfish, thus making it difficult to conduct more scientific and precise research on the physiological and ecological characteristics of algae and shellfish. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device for studying the physiological and ecological characteristics of algae and mollusks in the event of channel disasters. This experimental device can more realistically simulate the environment of algae and mollusks and collect data on algal growth and / or mollusk escape. By analyzing and processing the collected growth and / or escape data, a more scientific and precise study of the physiological and ecological characteristics of algae and mollusks can be achieved.

[0005] This utility model provides an experimental device for studying the physiological and ecological characteristics of channel-disaster-afflicted algae and mollusks, including a circulating water tank system, a multi-environmental factor coupling control system, and an in-situ monitoring system;

[0006] The circulating water tank system includes a water tank, and a partition plate with a length less than the length of the water tank is erected inside the water tank along the length direction of the water tank, and a first region and a second region are formed on both sides of the partition plate respectively; at least one side of the first region is provided with a channel-like side slope.

[0007] The simulated channel slope includes a slope body and a drive unit. The slope body is inclined and erected in the water trough, and the bottom end of the slope body is rotatably connected to the bottom of the water trough. The drive unit is configured to drive the slope body to rotate around its bottom end, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the slope body.

[0008] The multi-environmental factor coupling control system is used to regulate one or more environmental factors in the water body in the tank.

[0009] The in-situ monitoring system is used to collect images of algae growth and / or shellfish activity in the first area using an AI behavior tracking camera.

[0010] In some embodiments, the circulating water tank system also includes a cover for shading and heat preservation, the cover being used to cover at least the first area from above.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the cross-section of the water tank is racetrack-shaped or elliptical.

[0012] In some specific implementations, the inclination angle of the main slope body ranges from 15° to 60°.

[0013] In some specific implementations, an attachment matrix device is laid on the upper surface of the slope body.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the drive unit includes one or more hydraulic push rod assemblies, the bottom end of which is connected to a base fixed to the bottom of the water tank; the actuator end of the push rod in the hydraulic push rod assembly is connected to the lower surface of the slope body; the push rod is used to support the slope body, and when the push rod is driven to perform linear motion, the push rod drives the slope body to rotate around its bottom end.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the water tank is also provided with a flow stabilizing grid plate and a debris-blocking grid plate, which are respectively located at both ends of the partition plate, with the flow stabilizing grid plate located in the first region and the debris-blocking grid plate located in the second region.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a sewage interception ditch, which is located on the extension line of the partition plate and near the sewage interception grid plate.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the multi-environmental factor coupled control system further includes one or more of a flow rate regulation unit, a temperature regulation unit, a dissolved oxygen unit, and a lighting unit, as well as a control unit; the flow rate regulation unit is arranged in the first area to regulate the flow rate of the circulating water in the tank; the temperature regulation unit and the dissolved oxygen unit are arranged in the second area; the lighting unit is arranged above the first area to regulate the light intensity of the first area; the control unit is arranged outside the tank to control one or more of the flow rate regulation unit, temperature regulation unit, dissolved oxygen unit, and lighting unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the flow rate control unit includes a power pump set, a water supply pipe, and a nozzle array arranged at the bottom of the first area tank; the power pump set is located outside the water tank, the water inlet of the power pump set is connected to the water tank through a water supply pipe, and its water outlet is connected to the nozzle array through another water supply pipe; the control unit regulates the output power of the power pump set, thereby regulating the pressure and flow rate of the water delivered to the nozzle array.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] This utility model experimental device is equipped with an adjustable channel-like slope, which can more realistically simulate the environment in which algae and shellfish grow. The in-situ monitoring system captures images of algae growth and / or shellfish activity in real time. By analyzing the captured image data, more scientific and accurate physiological and ecological characteristics data of algae and shellfish can be obtained, thus providing a more reliable scientific basis for the prevention and control of biofouling in water conservancy projects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective structural diagram of the experimental apparatus shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the experimental setup shown;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment substrate device shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic push rod assembly in the test device of the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle used in the test apparatus of the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural framework diagram of the multi-environmental factor coupling control system in the experimental setup of the embodiment.

[0028] Reference numerals: 110 water tank, 120 cover, 130 partition plate, 141 slope body, 142 drive unit, 142a hydraulic push rod assembly, 142b base, 142c push rod, 150 substrate attachment device, 151 frame, 152 concrete block, 153 steel plate, 160 flow stabilizing grid plate, 170 debris intercepting grid plate, 180 intercepting ditch; 200 multi-environmental factor coupling control system, 210 flow rate control unit, 211 nozzle, 220 temperature control unit, 230 dissolved oxygen unit, 240 lighting unit, 241 support, 242 LED light source, 250 control unit; 300 in-situ monitoring system. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution and effects of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described specific embodiments are only a part of the specific embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the specific embodiments of this utility model, all other specific embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] See Figures 1-2 The experimental apparatus provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes a circulating water tank system, a multi-environmental factor coupling control system 200, and an in-situ monitoring system 300.

[0032] In this embodiment, the circulating water tank system includes a water tank 110 and a cover 120; the water tank 110 is used to contain water and provide a circulating flow channel for the water; the cover 120 has a light-shielding and heat-insulating function, and the cover 120 may be, but is not limited to, black opaque foam KT board. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the water tank 110 is racetrack-shaped or elliptical.

[0033] A partition plate 130 is erected inside the water tank 110 along its length to form a water flow channel between the partition plate 130 and the inner wall of the water tank 110, and a first region and a second region are formed on both sides of the partition plate 130, respectively. By erecting the partition plate 130 in the water tank 110, a single-chamber water tank is transformed into a circulating water tank. When the cross-section of the water tank 110 is racetrack-shaped or elliptical, the corners of the water flow channel are rounded, which better conforms to hydraulic characteristics. To form a water flow channel, the length of the partition plate 130 should be less than the length of the water tank 110. Furthermore, in some embodiments, when the cross-section of the water tank 110 is racetrack-shaped, and the racetrack shape is formed by two semicircles of equal radius connecting the two short sides of a rectangle, the length of the partition plate 130 is preferably equal to the long side of the rectangle. It is understood that in this invention, the length of the water tank 110 essentially refers to the length of the projection of the water tank 110 along its length direction.

[0034] For the first region, its two sides refer to the partition plate side and the inner wall side of the water tank, respectively. At least one side of the first region is provided with an inclined channel-like slope, and an attachment substrate device 150 is laid on the channel-like slope. In some embodiments, channel-like slopes are provided on both sides of the first region.

[0035] The attachment substrate device 150 provides an attachment surface for attached mollusks. It includes a frame 151 and at least one type of attachment material laid within the frame 151. The attachment material can be selected from rocks, concrete blocks, steel plates, etc. See also... Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic of an attachment substrate device 150, which includes two types of attachment materials: concrete blocks 152 and steel plates 153, which are laid alternately within a frame 151.

[0036] To more realistically simulate a channel slope, the simulated channel slope is configured with an adjustable tilt angle, specifically, the tilt angle is adjustable within the range of 15° to 60°. In this invention, the simulated channel slope located on the first region side is inclined outwards, and the tilt angle refers to the acute angle formed by the simulated channel slope and the bottom of the water trough 110.

[0037] A specific structure of the simulated channel slope is as follows: it includes a slope body 141 and a drive unit 142, and an attachment substrate device 150 is laid on the upper surface of the slope body 141; in this embodiment, the slope body 141 is a plate-shaped object, specifically, it is a steel plate; the slope body 141 is inclined and erected in the water tank 110, and the bottom end of the slope body 141 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the water tank 110, for example, the rotatable connection between the slope body 141 and the bottom of the tank can be achieved by a long hinge structure; the drive unit 142 is configured to drive the slope body 141 to rotate around its bottom end, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tilt angle.

[0038] Furthermore, the drive unit 142 includes one or more hydraulic push rod assemblies 142a. See also... Figure 4 The bottom end of the hydraulic push rod assembly 142a is connected to the base 142b fixed to the bottom of the water tank 110, specifically, it can be a rotatable connection. The hydraulic push rod assembly 142a simultaneously supports the slope body 141 and adjusts the tilt angle of the slope body 141. The hydraulic push rod assembly 142a is a technologically mature device that uses hydraulic principles to drive the push rod 142c to perform linear motion. The actuating end of the push rod 142c is connected to the lower surface of the slope body 141. The linear motion of the push rod 142c can be converted into the rotation of the slope body 141 around its bottom end, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tilt angle of the slope body 141.

[0039] It is understood that the slope body 141 has upper and lower surfaces. Since the slope body 141 is inclined, the surface inclined upward is referred to as the upper surface, which also faces the first region; the surface inclined downward is referred to as the lower surface. The substrate attachment device 150 is laid on the upper surface of the slope body 141, and the actuating end of the push rod 142c is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the slope body 141.

[0040] It should be noted that, since the hydraulic push rod assembly 142a is located within the water tank 110, after water is injected into the water tank 110, part or all of the hydraulic push rod assembly 142a may be submerged in the water. Therefore, the hydraulic push rod assembly 142a in this invention should be a hydraulic drive device with waterproof performance, for example, a hydraulic drive device with a protection rating of not less than IP68. Furthermore, the connections between the push rod 142c and the lower surface of the slope body 141, the connections between the push rod 142c and the base 142b, and the connections between the bottom of the slope body 141 and the bottom of the water tank 110 are all waterproofed to prevent water intrusion from affecting the smoothness of movement at these connections.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the water tank 110 is further provided with a flow-stabilizing grid plate 160 and a debris-blocking grid plate 170. The flow-stabilizing grid plate 160 and the debris-blocking grid plate 170 are respectively disposed at both ends of the partition plate 130, with the flow-stabilizing grid plate 160 located in a first region and the debris-blocking grid plate 170 located in a second region. The flow-stabilizing grid plate 160 is used to stabilize the water flow velocity, and the debris-blocking grid plate 170 is used to ensure normal water permeability and to intercept larger floating and suspended objects in the water.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the water tank 110 is further provided with a intercepting ditch 180 for intercepting and discharging large amounts of suspended and settled substances brought in during water flow. Furthermore, the intercepting ditch 180 is located on the extension line of the partition plate 130 and near the debris-blocking grid plate 170.

[0043] In the circulating water tank system, the first area, with its inclined, channel-like slope, serves as the test area, and the second area as the water environment control area. The first and second areas also function as two straight water flow channels, connected by curved corners at both ends to form a circulating water flow channel. The cover 120 should at least cover the test area, i.e., the first area; obviously, the cover 120 can also simultaneously cover the water environment control area, i.e., the second area.

[0044] In this invention, a multi-environmental factor coupling control system 200 is used to regulate one or more environmental factors in the water body within the tank 110; these environmental factors include, but are not limited to, water flow rate, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and light intensity. In this embodiment, the multi-environmental factor coupling control system 200 further includes a flow rate regulation unit 210, a temperature regulation unit 220, a dissolved oxygen unit 230, a light intensity unit 240, and a control unit 250, as described above. Figure 6 As shown.

[0045] The flow rate control unit 210 is used to control the flow rate of the water. In some embodiments, the flow rate control unit 210 includes a power pump set as a power source, a water delivery pipe, and a nozzle array arranged at the bottom of the first region (for example, a 2×4 nozzle array arranged at the bottom of the first region). The nozzle structure can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 The power pump unit is located outside the water tank 110. Its inlet is connected to the water tank 110 via a water supply pipe, and its outlet is connected to the nozzle array via another water supply pipe. By adjusting the output power of the power pump unit through the control unit 250, the water pressure and flow rate delivered to the nozzles 211 can be changed, thereby achieving precise control of the water flow speed. Furthermore, the circulation of water within the water tank 110 is also powered by the high-speed jetting of water from the nozzles 211.

[0046] The temperature control unit 220 is used to regulate the water temperature. To ensure the stability of the water temperature in the first region, the temperature control unit 220 is located in the second region. In some embodiments, the temperature control unit 220 includes a heating unit (e.g., a ceramic heater) and a cooling unit (e.g., a semiconductor refrigeration chip).

[0047] The dissolved oxygen unit 230 is used to regulate the dissolved oxygen value of the water. To ensure the stability of the dissolved oxygen value in the first area, the dissolved oxygen unit 230 is also installed in the second area. In some embodiments, the dissolved oxygen unit 230 includes an aeration stone, and the aeration stone is used to oxygenate the water.

[0048] An illumination unit 240 is disposed above the first region to regulate the light intensity of the first region. In some embodiments, the illumination unit 240 includes a bracket 241 and one or more LED light sources 242 mounted on the bracket 241. The bracket 241 is mounted on the water tank 110 and located above the first region, so the LED light sources 242 are also disposed above the first region. The light intensity of the LED light sources 242 is adjustable, for example, within the range of 0 to 40,000 lux.

[0049] The control unit 250 is located outside the water tank 110. Flow rate control unit 210, temperature control unit 220, dissolved oxygen unit 230, and lighting unit 240 are connected to the control unit 250 via cables through electronic components. The flow rate, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and lighting of the water in the water tank 110 are monitored and controlled uniformly through a digital display screen. Different combinations of multiple environmental factors can be achieved through the control unit 250, thus realizing multi-factor coupled control.

[0050] In some embodiments, the water flow velocity control range of the multi-environmental factor coupling control system 200 is 0 to 3 m / s, the water temperature control range is 5℃ to 35℃, and the dissolved oxygen control range is 6 mg / L to 9 mg / L.

[0051] In this invention, the in-situ monitoring system 300 uses an AI behavior tracking camera to collect images of algal growth and / or shellfish activity. In some embodiments, the AI ​​behavior tracking camera is a 2-megapixel industrial camera with a sampling rate of 30fps. The collected images of algal growth and / or shellfish activity can be used to study the physiological and ecological characteristics of algae and shellfish.

[0052] The following test methods based on the above test apparatus will be provided. It should be understood that the following test methods are only examples and are not intended to limit other applications of the test apparatus.

[0053] A test method based on a test apparatus includes the following steps:

[0054] The first step is to adjust the inclination angle of the simulated channel slope to the target value, and add water to the test tank 110; in some embodiments, the water depth is controlled at 20±1cm.

[0055] The second step is to inject algae or shellfish into the first area. The algae or shellfish are live, freshwater algae or shellfish collected from the wild.

[0056] The third step is to use a multi-environmental factor coupled control system to regulate the water environment to achieve the target environment.

[0057] The fourth step is to use an in-situ monitoring system to collect images of algal growth or shellfish activity.

[0058] After obtaining image data of algae or shellfish, their physiological and ecological characteristics can be acquired through analysis. For example, the YOLOv7 model can be used to extract algal biomass data from images of algal growth or shellfish movement behavior parameters from images of shellfish activity. Furthermore, algal biomass data or shellfish movement behavior parameter data under different aquatic environments can be obtained to analyze the impact of these environmental factors.

[0059] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for studying the physiological and ecological characteristics of algae and mollusks that cause disasters in channels, characterized in that: This includes a circulating water tank system, a multi-environmental factor coupling control system, and an in-situ monitoring system; The circulating water tank system includes a water tank, and a partition plate with a length less than the length of the water tank is erected inside the water tank along the length direction of the water tank, and a first region and a second region are formed on both sides of the partition plate respectively; at least one side of the first region is provided with a channel-like side slope. The simulated channel slope includes a slope body and a drive unit. The slope body is inclined and erected in the water trough, and the bottom end of the slope body is rotatably connected to the bottom of the water trough. The drive unit is configured to drive the slope body to rotate around its bottom end, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the slope body. The multi-environmental factor coupling control system is used to regulate one or more environmental factors in the water body in the tank. The in-situ monitoring system is used to collect images of algae growth and / or shellfish activity in the first area using an AI behavior tracking camera.

2. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating water tank system also includes a cover for shading and heat preservation, the cover being used to cover at least the first area from above.

3. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the water tank is racetrack-shaped or elliptical.

4. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the main slope body ranges from 15° to 60°.

5. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An attachment matrix device is laid on the upper surface of the main body of the slope.

6. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit includes one or more hydraulic push rod assemblies, the bottom end of which is connected to a base fixed to the bottom of the water tank; the actuator end of the push rod in the hydraulic push rod assembly is connected to the lower surface of the slope body; the push rod is used to support the slope body, and when the push rod is driven to perform linear motion, the push rod drives the slope body to rotate around its bottom end.

7. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank is also equipped with a flow stabilizing grid plate and a debris-blocking grid plate, which are respectively located at both ends of the partition plate. The flow stabilizing grid plate is located in the first area, and the debris-blocking grid plate is located in the second area.

8. The test apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the water tank is further provided with a sewage interception ditch, which is located on the extension line of the partition plate and near the sewage interception grid plate.

9. The test apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-environmental factor coupled control system further includes one or more of the following: flow rate control unit, temperature control unit, dissolved oxygen unit, and illumination unit, as well as a control unit. The flow rate control unit is deployed in the first area to control the flow rate of the water circulating in the tank. The temperature control unit and the dissolved oxygen unit are arranged in the second region; The illumination unit is arranged above the first area to regulate the illumination intensity of the first area; The control unit is located outside the water tank and is used to control one or more of the flow rate control unit, temperature control unit, dissolved oxygen unit, and lighting unit.

10. The test apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The flow rate control unit includes a power pump set, a water supply pipeline, and a nozzle array arranged at the bottom of the first area tank. The power pump set is located outside the water tank. The water inlet of the power pump set is connected to the water tank through a water supply pipeline, and its water outlet is connected to the nozzle array through another water supply pipeline. The control unit regulates the output power of the power pump set, thereby regulating the pressure and flow rate of the water delivered to the nozzle array.

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